Procurement of Materials & Equipment Management: Assignment Faculty: Dr. Babalu Rajput

Procurement of Materials &
Equipment Management
ASSIGNMENT; FACULTY: Dr. BABALU RAJPUT
NICMAR, OPGPPMWP, BATCH 2 /
SUBMITTED BY: JOBIN RAJ B S /
REG. NO: 221-07-51-13146-2224

Q.1 A tailing pond bund is being constructed by dumping soil. Total 96000 m3 of soil is
to be excavated and dump in 8 months, with 25 working days per month and 16
working hours per day. The following equipment is to be procured and used:
Equipment Capacity
Excavator 0.3 m3 (bucket capacity)
Dumper 12 tonne payload capacity
Assume following details
Swell factor = 0.8, Bucket factor for excavator = 0.9, Loading factor for dumper = 0.85,
Efficiency factor for both equipment = 0.83, Cycle time for excavator = 45 sec, Hauling
distance = 3 Km, Hauling speed for dumper with load 30 Km/hr and without load 40,
Km/hr, Total turning, dumping, spotting and waiting time for dumper is 2 min, Density
of soil = 1900 Kg/m3
Assume any other details if required.
Calculate: Optimum number of excavators and dumpers (15
Marks)
Q.2 Write a short note on following factors (10

Marks)
1) Swell factor 2) Bucket factor 3) Efficiency factor 4) Cycle time of machine

Solution, Q 1:
Total Volume of Soil to be excavated: 96000 Cum
Total Duration: 8 Months
No of working days per Month: 25 Days
No of working hours per day: 16 Hours
Equipment under use Capacity Unit
Excavator 0.3 Cum per bucket capacity
Dumper 12 tonne payload capacity
Swell factor: 0.8

Bucket factor for excavator: 0.9
Loading factor for dumper: 0.85
Efficiency factor: 0.83
Cycle time for excavator: 45 Sec
Hauling distance: 3 Km
Hauling speed for dumper with load: 30 Km/Hr
Hauling speed for dumper without load: 40 Km/Hr
Total turning, dumping, spotting and waiting time for dumper: 2 min
Density of soil: 1900 Kg/m3
Calculation for Excavator

Rate of excavation: (total qty of work/time available)
: (96000/(8*25*16))
: 30 Cum per hour
Output of excavator: q x (3600/Cycle time in sec.) x Efficiency factor

Where,
q = production per cycle in Cum: Bucket Capacity x Swell Factor x Bucket factor
: 0.216 Cum per cycle
Output of excavator: 14.34 Cum per hour
No of Excavator required: Rate of excavator/ output of excavator

: 2.09
Hence, no of excavator to be provided throughout is: 2 Nos
Calculation for Dumpers

Total Volume of soil , dumper carries in a trip: (12x1000x.83)/1900
5.25 Cum
Loading time: (Qty of soil carried by dumper per trip x 60)/Out put of excavator
: 21.97 Minutes ------ (i)
Travel time with load: (1/30)x60 = 2 Minutes ------ (ii)

Travel time without load: (1/40)x60 = 1.5 Minutes ------ (iii)
Fixed time: 2 Minutes ------ (iv)
Total Cycle time: (i)+(ii)+(iii)+(iv)
: 27.47 Minutes
No of cycles per hour: (60/27.47)

: 2.18
Output of dumper: (5.25x2.18x0.83)

: 9.5
No of dumpers: rate of production/ output of dumper

: 14.34/9.5
1.51
ie, no of dumpers per excavator: 1.5 Nos
Total no of dumpers required: 2x1.5
: 3 Nos
Answer, Q 2.
Swell Factor:
A cubic meter of earth measured in its natural position swells to more than a cubic
meter after it is excavated. This occurs because of an increase in voids.
Swell is expressed as a percentage of natural volume, for example, if 10 cum in the

ground becomes 13 cum after excavation, the swell factor is 30%.
The following table lists swell factors for various engineering materials.
Material Swell (%)
Clay
Dry 40
Wet 40
Clay and gravel
Dry 40
Wet 40
Coal, anthracite 35
Coal, bituminous 35
Earth, loam
Dry 25
Wet 25
Gravel
Dry 12
Wet 12
Gypsum 74
Limestone 67
Rock, well blasted 65
Sand
Dry 12
Wet 12
Sandstone 54
Shale and soft rock 65
Slate 65
Bucket Factor:
Bucket Fill Factor is the percentage of an available volume in a hauler body, bucket or
bowl that is actually used. For example, a fill factor of 87 percent for a hauler body
means that 13 percent of the rated volume is not being used to carry material.
Efficiency Factor:
The preferred Efficiency factor is based on the three Factors: Availability, Performance,
and Quality.
OEE = Availability × Performance × Quality
Availability:
Availability takes into account all events that stop planned production long
enough where it makes sense to track a reason for being down (typically several
minutes). Availability is calculated as the ratio of Run Time to Planned Production Time:
Availability = Run Time / Planned Production Time
Performance:
Performance takes into account anything that causes the manufacturing process
to run at less than the maximum possible speed when it is running (including both Slow
Cycles and Small Stops). Performance is the ratio of Net Run Time to Run Time. It is
calculated as:
Performance = (Ideal Cycle Time × Total Count) / Run Time
Quality:
Quality takes into account manufactured parts that do not meet quality
standards, including parts that need rework. Remember, OEE Quality is similar to First
Pass Yield, in that it defines Good Parts as parts that successfully pass through the
manufacturing process the first time without needing any rework. Quality is calculated
as:
Quality = Good Count / Total Count
Cycle time of machine:
Cycle time of machine represents the actual time it takes for one machine to complete
all of its operations on one piece, product, patient, file, etc. Unlike effective machine
cycle time, Cycle time excludes load and unload time as well as any change over time.

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Procurement of Materials &

NICMAR, OPGPPMWP, BATCH 2 /

SUBMITTED BY: JOBIN RAJ B S /

REG. NO: 221-07-51-13146-2224

Q.2 Write a short note on following factors (10

1) Swell factor 2) Bucket factor 3) Efficiency factor 4) Cycle time of machine

Swell factor: 0.8

Calculation for Excavator

Output of excavator: q x (3600/Cycle time in sec.) x Efficiency factor

Output of excavator: 14.34 Cum per hour

No of Excavator required: Rate of excavator/ output of excavator

Calculation for Dumpers

Travel time with load: (1/30)x60 = 2 Minutes ------ (ii)

No of cycles per hour: (60/27.47)

Output of dumper: (5.25x2.18x0.83)

No of dumpers: rate of production/ output of dumper

Swell is expressed as a percentage of natural volume, for example, if 10 cum in the

Material Swell (%)

Clay and gravel

Rock, well blasted 65

Shale and soft rock 65

Cycle time of machine:

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