QUIZ 3-THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION

Multiple Choice:

Directions: This is a 30-item test. Read each question carefully, and then select the answer that best fits
the question.

1. Garafalo traced the roots of criminal behavior not to physical features but to their psychological
equivalents which he called:
A. Moral irregularities
B. Moral abnormalities
C. Moral anomalies
D. Moral defects

2. This was the term used by albert cohen in his book delinquent boys in theorizing that because social
condition make them incapable of achieving success legitimately, lower class youths experience a form
of conflict:
A. sub culture
B. status frustration
C. frustration
D. delinquency

3. The following are categorized under the social process theories, except
A. social learning theory
B. social control theory
C. social reaction theory
D. social response theory

4. This theory state that members of the lower class of society create an independent subculture with its
own set of rule, values and norms in order to cope with social isolation and economic deprivation.
A. social disorganization
B. cultural deviance theory
C. social learning theory
D. strain theory

5. This hypothesized that the more serious, persistent offenders demonstrate lower intelligence or
cognitive ability than non-offenders:
A. emotional intelligence
B. intelligence theory
C. genetic influence and positive theory
D. psychological theory
6. They serves as stimuli- producing action that satisfies a need.
A. Interest
B. Perception
C. Motives
D. Drives

7. A societal stage marked by normlessness in which disintegration and chaos have replaced social
cohesion.
A. Social disorganization
B. Anomie
C. Strain
D. Conflict

8. Classical theory states that individual have freewill. It is focused on an individual choice as to whether
or not he will commit a crime and the purpose of classical theory in giving punishment is
A. Reformation
B. Treatment
C. Retribution
D. Rehabilitation

9. This theory view on how people become victim because of lifestyle that increase their exposure to
criminal offenders.
A. Deviant place theory
B. Routine activities theory
C. Lifestyle theory
D. Chivalry hypothesis

10. Holds that low intelligence is genetically determined and inherited. This was supported by Henry
Goddard in his studies in 1920 that many institutionalized people were what he considered
“feebleminded” and concluded that at least half of all juvenile delinquents were mentally defective.
A. Nature Theory
B. Nurture Theory
C. Somatotype
D. Phrenology

11. Aimed at making potential criminals fear the consequences of crime showing that crime does not
pay. It focuses on potential offenders and that these offenders must receive punishment in a severe,
swift and certain way. It is also manifesting societal deterrence which aimed to target would-be
offenders. For example: imposing long prison sentences or in the Philippines lifetime imprisonment for
violent or heinous crimes.
A. Specific Deterrence
B. General Deterrence
C. Active Precipitation
D. Incapacitation Theory

12. Women are motivated to commit crime as a rational response to poverty and economic uncertainty.
A. Critical Feminism
B. Marginalization Theory
C. Power Control Theory
D. Opportunity Theory

13. Showed no difference between male and female in terms of morality, biological characteristics not
being relevant for committing crime. Males are more active in crime because of their greater
opportunity.
A. Critical Feminism
B. Marginalization Theory
C. Power Control Theory
D. Opportunity Theory

14. Gender inequality stems from the unequal power of men and women and the subsequent
exploitation of women by men. The male exploitation acts as a trigger for female criminal or delinquent
behavior.
A. Critical Feminism
B. Paternalism Theory
C. Power Control Theory
D. Opportunity Theory

15. This theory puts the focus on the process of naming behaviors and the people that perform them.
A. Functionalist theory
B. Anomie theory
C. Rational choice theory
D. Labeling theory

16. This type of physique has relatively predominant muscles, bones and motor organs of the body.
A. Viscerotonic
B. Endomorphic
C. Mesomorphic
D. Ectomorphic

17. What theory considers crime as a natural social phenomenon?

A. Somatotyping Theory
B. Differential Association Theory
C. Anomie Theory
D. Psychoanalytic Theory
18. Which is an attempt at scientific analysis of the study of causes or reasons for crime?
A. Penology
B. Criminal Psychology
C. Sociology of Law
D. Criminal Etiology

19. A doctrine which criminals were seen as distinct types of humans who could be distinguished from
non criminals by certain physical traits.
A. theory of biological inferiority
B. theory of natural selection
C. theory of differential association
D. theory of evolution

20.The legal principle by which the decision or holding in an earlier case becomes the standard by which
subsequent similar cases are judged. It literally means “to stand by decided cases”.
A. Jus desert
B. Story Decisis
C. Stare Decisis
D. Just Stare

21. This is a theory by Robert Merton which assumes that people are law abiding but under great
pressure, they will resort to crime.
A. Strain theory
B. Cultural deviance
C. Social learning
D. Anomie

22. The first IQ test was developed by a French psychologist named:

A. Rafael Garofalo
B. Walter Reckless
C. Albert Bandura
D. Alfred Binet

23. His study focused on the Kallikak family tree and he concluded that feeblemindedness is inherited
and related to deviant behavior and poverty. He was the first person to use the term “moron”.
A. Robert Dugdale
B. Earnest Hooton
C. Henry Goddard
D. Charles Goring

24. A condition in which the glucose in the blood falls below levels necessary for normal and efficient
brain functioning.
A. Diabetes
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Leukemia
D. Pre-menstrual syndrome
25. This theory focuses on preventing easy access and exit by potential criminals as well as the
elimination of their hiding places and where they can geographically select a target.
A. Broken window theory
B. Social disorganization
C. Defensible space theory
D. Routine activities theory

26. They are social drop out and reject both goals and means to achieve it
A. Innovator
B. Ritualist
C. Retreatist
D. Rebel

27. Malou is well known for her outgoing personality and expensive taste. She is
A. Endomorph
B. Mesomorph
C. Ectomorph
D. Somatotyping

28. This study reveals that criminality of the biological

father was a major predictor of the child’s behavior:
A. Xyy syndrome
B. Twin studies
C. Adoption studies
D. All of the above

29. In the book on crime and punishment what was said to be the most effective means of controlling
crime?
A. Death penalty
B. Monetary fine
C. Certainty of punishment
D. Life imprisonment

30. Which of the following would not be considered in sociological study of criminal
A. Their race
B. Education level
C. Their dreams
D. Their home situation
ANSWER KEY
QUIZ 3-THEORIES OF CRIME
CAUSATION ANSWER KEY
1. Garafalo traced the roots of criminal behavior not to physical
features but to their psychological equivalents which he called:
A. Moral irregularities
B. Moral abnormalities
C. Moral anomalies
D. Moral defects

Correct answer
C. Moral anomalies

2. This was the term used by albert cohen in his book delinquent boys
in theorizing that because social condition make them incapable of
achieving success legitimately, lower class youths experience a form
of conflict:
A. sub culture
B. status frustration
C. frustration
D. delinquency
Correct answer
B. status frustration

3. The following are categorized under the social process theories,

except
A. social learning theory
B. social control theory
C. social reaction theory
D. social response theory

Correct answer
D. social response theory

4. This theory state that members of the lower class of society create
an independent subculture with its own set of rule, values and norms
in order to cope with social isolation and economic deprivation.
A. social disorganization
B. cultural deviance theory
C. social learning theory
D. strain theory

5. This hypothesized that the more serious, persistent offenders

demonstrate lower intelligence or cognitive ability than non-offenders:
A. emotional intelligence
B. intelligence theory
C. genetic influence and positive theory
D. psychological theory
Correct answer
B. intelligence theory

6. They serves as stimuli- producing action that satisfies a need.

A. Interest
B. Perception
C. Motives
D. Drives

7. A societal stage marked by normlessness in which disintegration

and chaos have replaced social cohesion.
A. Social disorganization
B. Anomie
C. Strain
D. Conflict

8. Classical theory states that individual have freewill. It is focused on

an individual choice as to whether or not he will commit a crime and
the purpose of classical theory in giving punishment is
A. Reformation
B. Treatment
C. Retribution
D. Rehabilitation

9. This theory view on how people become victim because of lifestyle

that increase their exposure to criminal offenders.
A. Deviant place theory
B. Routine activities theory
C. Lifestyle theory
D. Chivalry hypothesis
Correct answer
C. Lifestyle theory

10. Holds that low intelligence is genetically determined and inherited.

This was supported by Henry Goddard in his studies in 1920 that many
institutionalized people were what he considered “feebleminded” and
concluded that at least half of all juvenile delinquents were mentally
defective.
A. Nature Theory
B. Nurture Theory
C. Somatotype
D. Phrenology

11. Aimed at making potential criminals fear the consequences of

crime showing that crime does not pay. It focuses on potential
offenders and that these offenders must receive punishment in a
severe, swift and certain way. It is also manifesting societal
deterrence which aimed to target would-be offenders. For example:
imposing long prison sentences or in the Philippines lifetime
imprisonment for violent or heinous crimes.
A. Specific Deterrence
B. General Deterrence
C. Active Precipitation
D. Incapacitation Theory
Correct answer
B. General Deterrence

12. Women are motivated to commit crime as a rational response to

poverty and economic uncertainty.
A. Critical Feminism
B. Marginalization Theory
C. Power Control Theory
D. Opportunity Theory
Correct answer
B. Marginalization Theory

13. Showed no difference between male and female in terms of

morality, biological characteristics not being relevant for committing
crime. Males are more active in crime because of their greater
opportunity.
A. Critical Feminism
B. Marginalization Theory
C. Power Control Theory
D. Opportunity Theory

Correct answer
D. Opportunity Theory

14. Gender inequality stems from the unequal power of men and
women and the subsequent exploitation of women by men. The male
exploitation acts as a trigger for female criminal or delinquent
behavior.
A. Critical Feminism
B. Paternalism Theory
C. Power Control Theory
D. Opportunity Theory

15. This theory puts the focus on the process of naming behaviors and
the people that perform them.
A. Functionalist theory
B. Anomie theory
C. Rational choice theory
D. Labeling theory

16. This type of physique has relatively predominant muscles, bones

and motor organs of the body.
A. Viscerotonic
B. Endomorphic
C. Mesomorphic
D. Ectomorphic

17. What theory considers crime as a natural social phenomenon?

A. Somatotyping Theory
B. Differential Association Theory
C. Anomie Theory
D. Psychoanalytic Theory

Correct answer
C. Anomie Theory

18. Which is an attempt at scientific analysis of the study of causes or

reasons for crime?
A. Penology
B. Criminal Psychology
C. Sociology of Law
D. Criminal Etiology

Correct answer
D. Criminal Etiology

19. A doctrine which criminals were seen as distinct types of humans

who could be distinguished from non criminals by certain physical
traits.
A. theory of biological inferiority
B. theory of natural selection
C. theory of differential association
D. theory of evolution
Correct answer
A. theory of biological inferiority

20.The legal principle by which the decision or holding in an earlier

case becomes the standard by which subsequent similar cases are
judged. It literally means “to stand by decided cases”.
A. Jus desert
B. Story Decisis
C. Stare Decisis
D. Just Stare
Correct answer
C. Stare Decisis

21. This is a theory by Robert Merton which assumes that people are
law abiding but under great pressure, they will resort to crime.
A. Strain theory
B. Cultural deviance
C. Social learning
D. Anomie

22. The first IQ test was developed by a French psychologist named:

A. Rafael Garofalo
B. Walter Reckless
C. Albert Bandura
D. Alfred Binet

Correct answer
D. Alfred Binet

23. His study focused on the Kallikak family tree and he concluded
that feeblemindedness is inherited and related to deviant behavior and
poverty. He was the first person to use the term “moron”.
A. Robert Dugdale
B. Earnest Hooton
C. Henry Goddard
D. Charles Goring

24. A condition in which the glucose in the blood falls below levels
necessary for normal and efficient brain functioning.
A. Diabetes
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Leukemia

D. Pre-menstrual syndrome

Correct answer
B. Hypoglycemia

25. This theory focuses on preventing easy access and exit by

potential criminals as well as the elimination of their hiding places and
where they can geographically select a target.
A. Broken window theory
B. Social disorganization
C. Defensible space theory
D. Routine activities theory

26. They are social drop out and reject both goals and means to
achieve it
A. Innovator
B. Ritualist
C. Retreatist
D. Rebel
27. Malou is well known for her outgoing personality and expensive
taste. She is
A. Endomorph
B. Mesomorph
C. Ectomorph
D. Somatotyping

Correct answer
A. Endomorph

28. This study reveals that criminality of the biological

father was a major predictor of the child’s behavior:

A. Xyy syndrome
B. Twin studies
C. Adoption studies
D. All of the above

Correct answer
C. Adoption studies

29. In the book on crime and punishment what was said to be the most
effective means of controlling crime?
A. Death penalty
B. Monetary fine
C. Certainty of punishment
D. Life imprisonment

Correct answer
C. Certainty of punishment

30. Which of the following would not be considered in sociological

study of criminal
A. Their race
B. Education level
C. Their dreams
D. Their home situation

Correct answer
C. Their dreams