Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 14 views

    Lab Instrumentation 2

    Uploaded by

    rlatjorluk
    This document discusses several principles of laboratory instrumentation, including impedance, chromatography, and spectrophotometry. Impedance instruments measure electrical resistance changes when particles pass through an aperture to count blood cells. Chromatography separates analyte compounds as they pass through a stationary support medium. Spectrophotometry measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample, relating absorption to concentration according to Beer's law. The document also outlines the basic components and functions of a typical spectrophotometer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lab Instrumentation 2

    Uploaded by

    rlatjorluk
    14 views2 pages
    This document discusses several principles of laboratory instrumentation, including impedance, chromatography, and spectrophotometry. Impedance instruments measure electrical resistance changes when particles pass through an aperture to count blood cells. Chromatography separates analyte compounds as they pass through a stationary support medium. Spectrophotometry measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample, relating absorption to concentration according to Beer's law. The document also outlines the basic components and functions of a typical spectrophotometer.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses several principles of laboratory instrumentation, including impedance, chromatography, and spectrophotometry. Impedance instruments measure electrical resistance changes when particles pass through an aperture to count blood cells. Chromatography separates analyte compounds as they pass through a stationary support medium. Spectrophotometry measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample, relating absorption to concentration according to Beer's law. The document also outlines the basic components and functions of a typical spectrophotometer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    14 views2 pages

    Lab Instrumentation 2

    Uploaded by

    rlatjorluk
    This document discusses several principles of laboratory instrumentation, including impedance, chromatography, and spectrophotometry. Impedance instruments measure electrical resistance changes when particles pass through an aperture to count blood cells. Chromatography separates analyte compounds as they pass through a stationary support medium. Spectrophotometry measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample, relating absorption to concentration according to Beer's law. The document also outlines the basic components and functions of a typical spectrophotometer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Laboratory instrumentation.

    Principles of instrumentation:

     Impedance .
    - Electrical impedance measurement is based on the change in electrical residence
    across an aperture when a particles in conductive liquid posses through this
    aperture.
    Uses of impedance.
    To enumerates leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets in haematology lab.
     Typical electrical impedance instrument:
    - Aspirate blood is divided into two separate volumes for measurement
    - One volume is mixed with diluent and is delivered to the cell bath, where
    erythrocytes and platelets counts are performed.
    - As a cell posses through the aperture, partially occluding it, the electrical impedance
    increase, producing a voltage pulse , the size of which is proportion to the cell size.
    - The number of pulse is directly related to the cell count.
     Chromatography:
    - Chromatography is a separation method based on different interaction of the
    specimens compounds with the travel through a support medium .
     Techniques.
    - Gas chromatography and liquid chromatography.
     Principles of chromatography:
    - The analyte is combined within a liquid or gaseous mobile phase . usually one phase
    is hydrophilic and the other is lipophilic.
    - The components of analyte interact differently with these two phase
    - This leads to the separation of the different components present in the sample. Each
    sample components elutes from the stationary phase at a specific time called as
    retention time . retention is the time it take a compound to elute.
    - As the components pass through the detector their signal is recorded and plotted in
    form of a chromatogram.
     Spectrophotometry:
    - Is a techniques of measuring the amount of absorbed light through a sample.
     Spectrophotometer is an instruments that measure the amount of intensity of light
    absorbed by the sample solution as a function of wavelength.
     Bouguer developed the principles of absorption spectroscopy in 1700s.
     Lambert and Beer:
    - Developed the fundamental principles of absorption spectroscopy, commonly
    known as Beer’s law.
     Beer’s law
    - State that, the amount of energy absorbed or transmitted by a solutions is
    proportion to the solutions molar absorptive and the concentration of solute.
     Principles of spectrophotometry:
    - A spectrophotometry is made up of two instruments spectrometry and
    photometer.
    - The spectrometer is to produce light of any wavelength , while the photometer is to
    measure the intensity of light.
     The spectrophotometer is designed in a way that the liquid or a sample is place between
    spectrometer and photometer.
     Photometer measure the amount of light that passes through the sample and delivers a
    voltage signal to the display.
    - Spectrophotometric method are electromagnetic radiation (EMR), which can take
    several forms, the most recognizable being light and radiant heat, others types of
    EMR include gamma rays and x-rays, microwaves, radiofrequency, radiation,
    ultraviolet radiation.
     Components of spectrophotometer.
    - Exciter lamps
    - Entrance slit
    - Monochromator
    - Exit slit
    - Cuvette
    - Photodetector light
    - Emitting diode ( LED) display
     Function of components:
    - The light sources provides the energy that the sample with modify or attenuate by
    absorption. The light is polychromatic.
    - A wavelength selector or filter isolated a portion of the spectrum emitted by the
    sources and focus it on the sample.
    - The sample in a suitable container( cuvet) absorbs a fraction of the incident light and
    transmit the remainder
    - The light that passes through cuvet and sample strikes the cathode of a
    photodetector and generates an electrical signal.

    You might also like