P.S.

/CHEMISTRY

The University of the State of New York

REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION

PHYSICAL SETTING
CHEMISTRY
Friday, January 25, 2019 — 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only

The possession or use of any communications device is strictly prohibited when

taking this examination. If you have or use any communications device, no matter how
briefly, your examination will be invalidated and no score will be calculated for you.

This is a test of your knowledge of chemistry. Use that knowledge to answer all
questions in this examination. Some questions may require the use of the 2011 Edition
Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. You are to answer all questions in all
parts of this examination according to the directions provided in this examination
booklet.

A separate answer sheet for Part A and Part B–1 has been provided to you. Follow
the instructions from the proctor for completing the student information on your
answer sheet. Record your answers to the Part A and Part B–1 multiple-choice
questions on this separate answer sheet. Record your answers for the questions in
Part B–2 and Part C in your separate answer booklet. Be sure to fill in the heading on
the front of your answer booklet.

All answers in your answer booklet should be written in pen, except for graphs and
drawings, which should be done in pencil. You may use scrap paper to work out the
answers to the questions, but be sure to record all your answers on your separate
answer sheet or in your answer booklet as directed.

When you have completed the examination, you must sign the statement printed
on your separate answer sheet, indicating that you had no unlawful knowledge of the
questions or answers prior to the examination and that you have neither given nor
received assistance in answering any of the questions during the examination. Your
answer sheet and answer booklet cannot be accepted if you fail to sign this
declaration.

Notice. . .
A four-function or scientific calculator and a copy of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for
Physical Setting/Chemistry must be available for you to use while taking this examination.

DO NOT OPEN THIS EXAMINATION BOOKLET UNTIL THE SIGNAL IS GIVEN.

P.S./CHEMISTRY
 Part A

Answer all questions in this part.

Directions (1–30): For each statement or question, record on your separate answer sheet the number of the
word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions
may require the use of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry.

1 The results of the gold foil experiment led to the 6 The elements on the Periodic Table of the
conclusion that an atom is Elements are arranged in order of increasing
(1) mostly empty space and has a small, (1) atomic number
negatively charged nucleus (2) mass number
(2) mostly empty space and has a small, (3) number of neutrons
positively charged nucleus (4) number of valence electrons
(3) a hard sphere and has a large, negatively
charged nucleus
7 Which element is malleable at STP?
(4) a hard sphere and has a large, positively
charged nucleus (1) chlorine (3) helium
(2) copper (4) sulfur
2 Atoms are neutral because the number of
8 At 298 K and 1 atm, which noble gas has the
(1) protons equals the number of neutrons
lowest density?
(2) protons equals the number of electrons
(3) neutrons is greater than the number of (1) Ne (3) Xe
protons (2) Kr (4) Rn
(4) neutrons is greater than the number of
electrons 9 Which two terms represent types of chemical
formulas?
3 In the ground state, valence electrons of a (1) empirical and molecular
krypton atom are found in (2) polar and nonpolar
(1) the first shell (3) synthesis and decomposition
(2) the outermost shell (4) saturated and concentrated
(3) both the nucleus and the first shell
(4) both the first shell and the outermost shell 10 Which quantities are conserved in all chemical
reactions?
4 According to the wave-mechanical model of the (1) charge, pressure, and energy
atom, electrons are located in (2) charge, mass, and energy
(1) orbitals (3) volume, pressure, and energy
(2) circular paths (4) volume, mass, and pressure
(3) a small, dense nucleus
(4) a hard, indivisible sphere 11 Which term represents the sum of the atomic
masses of the atoms in a molecule?
5 Which electron configuration represents the (1) atomic number
electrons in an atom of sodium in the ground (2) mass number
state at STP? (3) formula mass
(1) 2-8-1 (3) 2-8-6 (4) percent composition by mass
(2) 2-7-2 (4) 2-7-7

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [2]

 12 Which equation represents energy being 18 At STP, which gas sample has the same number
absorbed as a bond is broken? of molecules as 2.0 liters of CH4(g) at STP?
(1) H  H → H2 + energy (1) 1.0 liter of C2H6(g)
(2) H  H  energy → H2 (2) 2.0 liters of O2(g)
(3) H2 → H  H + energy
(3) 5.0 liters of N2(g)
(4) H2  energy → H  H
(4) 6.0 liters of CO2(g)

13 Which term is used to describe the attraction

that an oxygen atom has for the electrons in a 19 Given the equation:
chemical bond?
I2(s) → I2(g)
(1) alkalinity
(2) electronegativity Which phrase describes this change?
(3) electron configuration
(4) first ionization energy (1) endothermic chemical change
(2) endothermic physical change
(3) exothermic chemical change
14 Which substance can not be decomposed by (4) exothermic physical change
chemical means?
(1) C (3) CO2 20 Which term identifies a factor that will shift a
(2) CO (4) C3O2 chemical equilibrium?
(1) atomic radius (3) decay mode
15 A beaker contains a dilute sodium chloride (2) catalyst (4) temperature
solution at 1 atmosphere. What happens to the
number of solute particles in the solution and
the boiling point of the solution, as more sodium 21 According to which theory or law is a chemical
chloride is dissolved? reaction most likely to occur when two particles
with the proper energy and orientation interact
(1) The number of solute particles increases, with each other?
and the boiling point increases.
(2) The number of solute particles increases, (1) atomic theory
and the boiling point decreases. (2) collision theory
(3) The number of solute particles decreases, (3) combined gas law
and the boiling point increases. (4) law of conservation of matter
(4) The number of solute particles decreases,
and the boiling point decreases. 22 Addition of a catalyst can speed up a reaction by
providing an alternate reaction pathway that
16 Which form of energy is transferred when an ice has a
cube at 0°C is placed in a beaker of water at (1) lower activation energy
50°C? (2) higher activation energy
(1) chemical (3) nuclear (3) lower heat of reaction
(2) electrical (4) thermal (4) higher heat of reaction

17 The average kinetic energy of the particles in a 23 Which compound is saturated?

sample of matter is expressed as (1) butane (3) heptene
(1) density (3) pressure (2) ethene (4) pentyne
(2) volume (4) temperature

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [3] [OVER]

 24 An alcohol and an ether have the same molecular 28 Which type of reaction occurs when an
formula, C2H6O. These two compounds have Arrhenius acid reacts with an Arrhenius base to
(1) the same functional group and the same form a salt and water?
physical and chemical properties (1) combustion (3) neutralization
(2) the same functional group and different (2) decomposition (4) saponification
physical and chemical properties
(3) different functional groups and the same
29 Compared to the energy released per mole of
physical and chemical properties
reactant during chemical reactions, the energy
(4) different functional groups and different
released per mole of reactant during nuclear
physical and chemical properties
reactions is
(1) much less (3) slightly less
25 Which metal is most easily oxidized? (2) much greater (4) slightly greater
(1) Ag (3) Cu
(2) Co (4) Mg
30 Which phrase describes a risk of using the
radioisotope Co-60 in treating cancer?
26 Which substance is an Arrhenius acid? (1) production of acid rain
(1) H2 (3) KCl (2) production of greenhouse gases
(2) HCl (4) NH3 (3) increased biological exposure
(4) increased ozone depletion
27 Which statement describes an electrolyte?
(1) An electrolyte conducts an electric current
as a solid and dissolves in water.
(2) An electrolyte conducts an electric current
as a solid and does not dissolve in water.
(3) When an electrolyte dissolves in water, the
resulting solution conducts an electric
current.
(4) When an electrolyte dissolves in water, the
resulting solution does not conduct an
electric current.

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [4]

 Part B–1

Answer all questions in this part.

Directions (31–50): For each statement or question, record on your separate answer sheet the number of the
word or expression that, of those given, best completes the statement or answers the question. Some questions
may require the use of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry.

31 The three nuclides, U-233, U-235, and U-238, are isotopes of uranium because they have the same
number of protons per atom and
(1) the same number of electrons per atom
(2) the same number of neutrons per atom
(3) a different number of electrons per atom
(4) a different number of neutrons per atom

32 Given the information in the table below:

Two Forms of Carbon

Form Bonding Hardness Electrical

Conductivity

Each carbon atom bonds to

diamond four other carbon atoms in a very hard no
three-dimensional network.

Each carbon atom bonds to

graphite three other carbon atoms in soft yes
two-dimensional sheets.

Diamond and graphite have different properties because they have different
(1) crystal structures
(2) electronegativities
(3) numbers of protons per atom
(4) numbers of valence electrons per atom

33 Given the equation representing a chemical reaction:

NaCl(aq)  AgNO3(aq) → NaNO3(aq)  AgCl(s)

This reaction is classified as a

(1) synthesis reaction
(2) decomposition reaction
(3) single replacement reaction
(4) double replacement reaction

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [5] [OVER]

 34 What is the formula for iron(II) oxide? 39 A mixture consists of ethanol and water. Some
(1) FeO (3) Fe2O properties of ethanol and water are given in the
(2) FeO2 (4) Fe2O3 table below.

Some Properties of Ethanol and Water

35 Given the reaction:
Property Ethanol Water
2KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s)  3O2(g)
boiling point at
standard 78°C 100.°C
How many moles of KClO3 must completely pressure
react to produce 6 moles of O2?
(1) 1 mole (3) 6 moles density at STP 0.80 g/cm3 1.00 g/cm3
(2) 2 moles (4) 4 moles flammability flammable nonflammable
melting point –114°C 0.°C
36 What is the number of moles of CO2 in
a 220.-gram sample of CO2 (gram-formula Which statement describes a property of
mass  44 g/mol)? ethanol after being separated from the mixture?
(1) 0.20 mol (3) 15 mol (1) Ethanol is nonflammable.
(2) 5.0 mol (4) 44 mol (2) Ethanol has a melting point of 0.°C.
(3) Ethanol has a density of 0.80 g/cm3 at STP.
(4) Ethanol has a boiling point of 89°C at
37 A solution contains 25 grams of KNO3 dissolved standard pressure.
in 200. grams of H2O. Which numerical setup
can be used to calculate the percent by mass of 40 A rigid cylinder with a movable piston contains
KNO3 in this solution? a sample of hydrogen gas. At 330. K, this sample
25 g 25 g has a pressure of 150. kPa and a volume of 3.50 L.
(1)  100 (3)  100 What is the volume of this sample at STP?
175 g 225 g
(1) 0.233 L (3) 4.29 L
(2) 1.96 L (4) 6.26 L
25 g 200. g
(2)  100 (4)  100
200. g 225 g 41 Which numerical setup can be used to calculate
the heat energy required to completely melt
38 What is the molarity of 0.50 liter of an aqueous 100. grams of H2O(s) at 0°C?
solution that contains 0.20 mole of NaOH (1) (100. g)(334 J/g)
(gram-formula mass = 40. g/mol)? (2) (100. g)(2260 J/g)
(1) 0.10 M (3) 2.5 M (3) (100. g)(4.18 J/g•K)(0°C)
(2) 0.20 M (4) 0.40 M (4) (100. g)(4.18 J/g•K)(273 K)

42 During which phase change does the entropy of

a sample of H2O increase?
(1) H2O(g) → H2O(ℓ)
(2) H2O(g) → H2O(s)
(3) H2O(ℓ) → H2O(g)
(4) H2O(ℓ) → H2O(s)

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [6]

 43 Given the formula for a compound: 47 What are the two oxidation states of nitrogen in
NH4NO2?
H H H H (1) 3 and 5 (3) 3 and 3
H
H C C C C N (2) 3 and 5 (4) 3 and 3
H
H H H H
48 The table below shows the molar concentrations
of hydronium ion, H3O+, in four different
What is a chemical name for this compound?
solutions.
(1) 1-butanamide (3) 1-butanamine
(2) 4-butanamide (4) 4-butanamine Molar Concentration of H3O+ Ions
in Four Solutions
44 Given the equation for a reaction: Solution Molar Concentration
of H3O+ Ion
C4H10  Cl2 → C4H9Cl  HCl
(M)
Which type of reaction is represented by the A 0.1
equation?
B 0.01
(1) addition (3) fermentation
(2) substitution (4) polymerization C 0.001
D 0.0001
45 Which half-reaction equation represents
reduction? Which solution has the highest pH?
(1) Cu → Cu2  2e (1) A (3) C
(2) Cu2  2e → Cu (2) B (4) D
(3) Ag  e → Ag
(4) Ag → Ag  e
49 Given the equation:

56 Ba  36 Kr  30n  energy
235 U 1 n → 140 93 1
46 Given the balanced ionic equation representing 92 0
a reaction:
Which type of nuclear reaction is represented
Zn(s)  Co2(aq) → Zn2(aq)  Co(s) by the equation?
(1) fission (3) beta decay
Which statement describes the electrons (2) fusion (4) alpha decay
involved in this reaction?
(1) Each Zn atom loses 2 electrons, and each
Co2 ion gains 2 electrons. 50 Which nuclear emission has the least penetrating
power and the greatest ionizing ability?
(2) Each Zn atom loses 2 electrons, and each
Co2 ion loses 2 electrons. (1) alpha particle (3) gamma ray
(2) beta particle (4) positron
(3) Each Zn atom gains 2 electrons, and each
Co2 ion loses 2 electrons.
(4) Each Zn atom gains 2 electrons, and each
Co2 ion gains 2 electrons.

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [7] [OVER]

 Part B–2

Answer all questions in this part.

Directions (51–65): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions
may require the use of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry.

Base your answers to questions 51 through 54 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

The formulas and names of four chloride compounds are shown in the table below.

Formula Name
CCl4 carbon tetrachloride
RbCl rubidium chloride
CsCl cesium chloride
HCl hydrogen chloride

51 Identify the noble gas that has atoms with the same electron configuration as the metal
ions in rubidium chloride, when both the atoms and the ions are in the ground
state. [1]

52 Explain, in terms of atomic structure, why the radius of a cesium ion in cesium chloride
is smaller than the radius of a cesium atom when both are in the ground state. [1]

53 In the space in your answer booklet, draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule
of HCl. [1]

54 Explain, in terms of charge distribution, why a molecule of carbon tetrachloride is a

nonpolar molecule. [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [8]

 Base your answers to questions 55 through 57 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

Some isotopes of neon are Ne-19, Ne-20, Ne-21, Ne-22, and Ne-24. The neon-24
decays by beta emission. The atomic mass and natural abundance for the naturally occurring
isotopes of neon are shown in the table below.
Naturally Occurring Isotopes of Neon

Isotope Atomic Mass Natural

Notation (u) Abundance
(%)

Ne-20 19.99 90.48

Ne-21 20.99 0.27
Ne-22 21.99 9.25

55 Identify the decay mode of Ne-19. [1]

56 State the number of neutrons in an atom of Ne-20 and the number of neutrons in an
atom of Ne-22. [1]

57 Show a numerical setup for calculating the atomic mass of neon. [1]

Base your answers to questions 58 through 60 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

Periodic trends are observed in the properties of the elements in Period 3 on the
Periodic Table. These elements vary in physical properties, such as phase, and in chemical
properties, such as their ability to lose or gain electrons during a chemical reaction.

58 Identify the metals in Period 3 on the Periodic Table. [1]

59 Identify the element in Period 3 that requires the least amount of energy to remove the
most loosely held electrons from a mole of gaseous atoms of the element in the ground
state. [1]

60 State the general trend in atomic radius as the elements in Period 3 are considered in
order of increasing atomic number. [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [9] [OVER]

 Base your answers to questions 61 through 63 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

A thiol is very similar to an alcohol, but a thiol has a sulfur atom instead of an oxygen
atom in the functional group. The equation below represents a reaction of methanethiol
and iodine, producing dimethyl disulfide and hydrogen iodide.

H H H
2 H C S H + I2 H C S S C H + 2HI
H H H

Methanethiol Dimethyl disulfide

61 State the number of electrons shared between the sulfur atoms in the dimethyl
disulfide. [1]

62 Identify the polarity of an H–I bond and the polarity of an S–S bond. [1]

63 Explain, in terms of electron configuration, why sulfur atoms and oxygen atoms form
compounds with similar molecular structures. [1]

Base your answers to questions 64 and 65 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

A student constructs an electrochemical cell. A diagram of the operating cell and the
unbalanced ionic equation representing the reaction occurring in the cell are shown below.
The blue color of the solution in the copper half-cell indicates the presence of Cu2⫹ ions.
The student observes that the blue color becomes less intense as the cell operates.

Lightbulb

Metal wire
Salt bridge

Cu(s) Fe(s)
electrode electrode

Blue
solution
Cu(NO3)2(aq) Fe(NO3)2(aq)

2+ 2+
Fe(s) + Cu (aq) Fe (aq) + Cu(s)

64 Identify the type of electrochemical cell represented by the diagram. [1]

65 State one inference that the student can make about the concentration of the Cu2⫹ ions
based on the change in intensity of the color of the Cu(NO3)2(aq) solution as the cell
operates. [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [10]

 Part C

Answer all questions in this part.

Directions (66–85): Record your answers in the spaces provided in your answer booklet. Some questions
may require the use of the 2011 Edition Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry.

Base your answers to questions 66 through 69 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

In a laboratory investigation, a student is given a sample that is a mixture of 3.0 grams

of NaCl(s) and 4.0 grams of sand, which is mostly SiO2(s). The purpose of the investigation
is to separate and recover the compounds in the sample. In the first step, the student places
the sample in a 250-mL flask. Then, 50. grams of distilled water are added to the flask, and
the contents are thoroughly stirred. The mixture in the flask is then filtered, using the
equipment represented by the diagram below.

Ring stand

Iron ring
Filter paper
Glass funnel

Beaker

66 Explain, in terms of solubility, why the mixture in the flask remains heterogeneous even
after thorough stirring. [1]

67 Based on Table G, state evidence that all of the NaCl(s) in the flask would dissolve in
the distilled water at 20.°C. [1]

68 Describe a procedure to remove the water from the mixture that passes through the
filter and collects in the beaker. [1]

69 The student reports that 3.4 grams of NaCl(s) were recovered from the mixture. Show
a numerical setup for calculating the student’s percent error. [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [11] [OVER]

 Base your answers to questions 70 through 73 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

In a laboratory activity, the volume of helium gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable
piston is varied by changing the temperature of the gas. The activity is done at a constant
pressure of 100. kPa. Data from the activity are plotted on the graph below.

Volume of He(g) Versus

Temperature at 100. kPa
20.0

15.0
Volume (mL)

10.0

5.0

0
200. 250. 300. 350. 400.
Temperature (K)

70 Determine the temperature of the He(g) at a volume of 15.0 mL. [1]

71 Explain, in terms of particle volume, why the sample of helium can not be compressed
by the piston to zero volume. [1]

72 State what happens to the average distance between the He atoms as the gas is
heated. [1]

73 State a change in pressure that will cause the helium in the cylinder to behave more like
an ideal gas. [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [12]

 Base your answers to questions 74 through 76 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

The balanced equation below represents the reaction between a 5.0-gram sample of
zinc metal and a 0.5 M solution of hydrochloric acid. The reaction takes place in an open
test tube at 298 K and 1 atm in a laboratory activity.

Zn(s)  2HCl(aq) → H2(g)  ZnCl2(aq)  energy

74 State one change in reaction conditions, other than adding a catalyst, that will increase
the rate of the reaction. [1]

75 On the labeled axes in your answer booklet, draw a potential energy diagram for this
reaction. [1]

76 Explain why this reaction will not reach equilibrium. [1]

Base your answers to questions 77 through 79 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

Crude oil, primarily a mixture of hydrocarbons, is separated into useful components in

a fractionating tower. At the bottom of the tower, the crude oil is heated to about 400°C.
The gases formed rise and cool. Most of the gases condense and are collected as liquid
fractions. The table below shows the temperature ranges for collecting various hydrocarbon
fractions.
Hydrocarbon Fractions Collected
Number of Carbon Atoms Temperature Range
per Molecule (°C)
1-4 below 40
5-12 40-200
12-16 200-300
16-20 300-370
>20 above 370

77 Determine the number of carbon atoms in one molecule of an alkane that has
22 hydrogen atoms in the molecule. [1]

78 State the temperature range for the fraction collected that contains octane molecules. [1]

79 Draw a structural formula for 3-ethylhexane. [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [13] [OVER]

 Base your answers to questions 80 through 82 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

In a laboratory activity, a student titrates a 20.0-milliliter sample of HCl(aq) using

0.025 M NaOH(aq). In one of the titration trials, 17.6 milliliters of the base solution
exactly neutralizes the acid sample.

80 Identify the positive ion in the sample of HCl(aq). [1]

81 Show a numerical setup for calculating the concentration of the hydrochloric acid using
the titration data. [1]

82 The concentration of the base is expressed to what number of significant figures? [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [14]

 Base your answers to questions 83 through 85 on the information below and on your knowledge of
chemistry.

In the past, some paints that glowed in the dark contained zinc sulfide and salts of
Ra-226. As the radioisotope Ra-226 decayed, the energy released caused the zinc sulfide in
these paints to emit light. The half-lives for Ra-226 and two other radioisotopes used in
these paints are listed on the table below.
Radioisotopes in the Paints

Radioisotope Half-Life
(y)
Pm-147 2.6
Ra-226 1599
Ra-228 5.8

83 Explain, in terms of half-lives, why Ra-226 may have been used more often than the
other isotopes in these paints. [1]

84 Complete the nuclear equation in your answer booklet for the beta decay of Pm-147 by
writing an isotopic notation for the missing product. [1]

85 What fraction of an original Ra-228 sample remains unchanged after 17.4 years? [1]

P.S./Chem.–Jan. ’19 [15]

P.S./CHEMISTRY

Printed on Recycled Paper

P.S./CHEMISTRY
 The University of the State of New York

REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION

PHYSICAL SETTING
CHEMISTRY
Friday, January 25, 2019 — 9:15 a.m to 12:15 p.m., only

ANSWER BOOKLET

Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Teacher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grade . . . . . . . . .

Record your answers for Part B–2 and Part C in this booklet.

Part B–2

51

52

53
 54

55

56 Ne-20:

Ne-22:

57

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [2]

 58

59

60

61

62 H–I bond:

S–S bond:

63

64

65

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [3] [OVER]

 Part C

66

67

68

69

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [4]

 70 K

71

72

73

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [5] [OVER]

 74

75
Potential Energy

Reaction Coordinate

76

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [6]

 77

78 _______________ °C to _______________ °C

79

80

81

82

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [7] [OVER]

P.S./CHEMISTRY

83

84 147 Pm
61 → ⫺10 e ⫹

85

Printed on Recycled Paper

P.S./Chem. Answer Booklet–Jan. ’19 [8]
P.S./CHEMISTRY
 FOR TEACHERS ONLY
The University of the State of New York
REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION

P.S.–CH PHYSICAL SETTING/CHEMISTRY

Friday, January 25, 2019 — 9:15 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., only

SCORING KEY AND RATING GUIDE

Directions to the Teacher:
Refer to the directions on page 2 before rating student papers.
Updated information regarding the rating of this examination may be posted on the New York
State Education Department’s web site during the rating period. Check this web site at:
http://www.p12.nysed.gov/assessment/ and select the link “Scoring Information” for any recently
posted information regarding this examination. This site should be checked before the rating process
for this examination begins and several times throughout the Regents Examination period.

Part A and Part B–1

Allow 1 credit for each correct response.

Part A
1 .....2..... 9 .....1..... 17 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 25 . . . . . 4 . . . . .
2 .....2..... 10 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 18 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 26 . . . . . 2 . . . . .
3 .....2..... 11 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 19 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 27 . . . . . 3 . . . . .
4 .....1..... 12 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 20 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 28 . . . . . 3 . . . . .
5 .....1..... 13 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 21 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 29 . . . . . 2 . . . . .
6 .....1..... 14 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 22 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 30 . . . . . 3 . . . . .
7 .....2..... 15 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 23 . . . . . 1 . . . . .
8 .....1..... 16 . . . . . 4 . . . . .. 24 . . . . . 4 . . . . .

Part B–1
31 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 36 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 41 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 46 . . . . . 1 . . . . .
32 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 37 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 42 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 47 . . . . . 3 . . . . .
33 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 38 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 43 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 48 . . . . . 4 . . . . .
34 . . . . . 1 . . . . . 39 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 44 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 49 . . . . . 1 . . . . .
35 . . . . . 4 . . . . . 40 . . . . . 3 . . . . . 45 . . . . . 2 . . . . . 50 . . . . . 1 . . . . .
 Directions to the Teacher

Follow the procedures below for scoring student answer papers for the Regents Examination in
Physical Setting/Chemistry. Additional information about scoring is provided in the publication Information
Booklet for Scoring Regents Examinations in the Sciences.
Do not attempt to correct the student’s work by making insertions or changes of any kind.
If the student’s responses for the multiple-choice questions are being hand scored prior to being
scanned, the scorer must be careful not to make any marks on the answer sheet except to record
the scores in the designated score boxes. Marks elsewhere on the answer sheet will interfere
with the accuracy of the scanning.
Allow 1 credit for each correct response.
At least two science teachers must participate in the scoring of the Part B–2 and Part C open-ended
questions on a student’s paper. Each of these teachers should be responsible for scoring a selected number
of the open-ended questions on each answer paper. No one teacher is to score more than approximately
one-half of the open-ended questions on a student’s answer paper. Teachers may not score their own
students’ answer papers.
Students’ responses must be scored strictly according to the Scoring Key and Rating Guide. For open-
ended questions, credit may be allowed for responses other than those given in the rating guide if the
response is a scientifically accurate answer to the question and demonstrates adequate knowledge, as
indicated by the examples in the rating guide. On the student’s separate answer sheet, for each question,
record the number of credits earned and the teacher’s assigned rater/scorer letter.
Fractional credit is not allowed. Only whole-number credit may be given for a response. If the student
gives more than one answer to a question, only the first answer should be rated. Units need not be given
when the wording of the questions allows such omissions.
For hand scoring, raters should enter the scores earned in the appropriate boxes printed on the
separate answer sheet. Next, the rater should add these scores and enter the total in the box labeled
“Total Raw Score.” Then the student’s raw score should be converted to a scale score by using the
conversion chart that will be posted on the Department’s web site at: http://www.p12.nysed.gov/assessment/
on Friday, January 25, 2019. The student’s scale score should be entered in the box labeled “Scale Score”
on the student’s answer sheet. The scale score is the student’s final examination score.
Schools are not permitted to rescore any of the open-ended questions on this exam after each
question has been rated once, regardless of the final exam score. Schools are required to ensure
that the raw scores have been added correctly and that the resulting scale score has been
determined accurately.
Because scale scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart may change from one
administration to another, it is crucial that, for each administration, the conversion chart provided for that
administration be used to determine the student’s final score.

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [2]

 Part B–2

Allow a total of 15 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part.

51 [1] Allow 1 credit for Kr or krypton.

52 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

A cesium atom loses its valence electron, making the cesium ion smaller.

The cesium atom has one more electron shell than the cesium ion.

A Cs ion has only 5 shells of electrons in the ground state and the Cs atom has 6 shells.

53 [1] Allow 1 credit.

Examples of 1-credit responses:

H CI

H CI

H– CI
–
CI –H
–

54 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

The molecule is nonpolar because it has a symmetrical charge distribution.

The center of positive and negative charges coincide.

55 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

positron decay



0e
1

1 
0

positron

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [3]

 56 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Ne-20: ____
10

Ne-22: ____
12

57 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

(19.99 u)(0.9048) ⫹ (20.99 u)(0.0027) ⫹ (21.99 u)(0.0925)

(19.99)(90.48) ⫹ (20.99)(0.27) ⫹ (21.99)(9.25)

100

(19.99)(90.48%) ⫹ (20.99)(0.27%) ⫹ (21.99)(9.25%)

Note: Do not allow credit for a numerical setup using mass numbers rather than isotopic masses.

58 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Na, Mg, Al

aluminum, sodium, magnesium

59 [1] Allow 1 credit for Na or sodium.

60 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

As the atomic number of the elements in Period 3 increases, the atomic radius generally
decreases.

The radius gets smaller.

61 [1] Allow 1 credit for 2 or two or 1 pair.

62 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

H–I bond: polar

S–S bond: nonpolar

H–I bond: polar covalent

S–S bond: nonpolar covalent

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [4]

 63 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Sulfur and oxygen atoms both have 6 valence electrons.

Atoms of both elements need the same number of electrons to complete their outer shells.

64 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

voltaic cell

voltaic

Galvanic

65 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

The concentration of the Cu2 ions decreases.

There are fewer copper ions in the solution.

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [5]

 Part C

Allow a total of 20 credits for this part. The student must answer all questions in this part.

66 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

The NaCl(s) dissolves in H2O(ℓ), but sand does not dissolve.

The sand is insoluble in water.

After the stirring, the sand settles to the bottom of the flask.

67 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

According to Table G, the salt solution is unsaturated.

The 3.0 g of salt dissolved in 50. g of H2O has a concentration less than the solubility of NaCl
on Table G at 20.°C.

Table G indicates that the solubility of NaCl is greater than the amount in the sample.

68 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Allow the water to evaporate.

Heat the mixture until all of the water vaporizes.

Boil off the water.

69 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

3.4 g  3.0 g
3.0 g  100

(0.4)(100)
3

Note: Do not allow credit if the fraction is not multiplied by 100.

70 [1] Allow 1 credit for any value from 334 K to 341 K, inclusive.

71 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Unlike ideal gas particles, He particles have volume.

Each atom of helium occupies space.

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [6]

 72 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

When the temperature increases, the distance between He atoms increases.

As the helium is heated, the He atoms move farther apart.

The average distance increases.

73 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

lower the pressure

decrease pressure

any pressure below 100. kPa

74 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Increase the surface area of the zinc.

Increase the temperature of the reaction.

Use a more concentrated HCl(aq) solution.

75 [1] Allow 1 credit for showing that the PE of the products is lower than the PE of the reactants.

Example of a 1-credit response:

Potential Energy

Reaction Coordinate

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [7]

 76 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

The H2(g) can leave the open test tube.

The reaction is driven to completion because a gas is released.

Reaction not reversible.

77 [1] Allow 1 credit for 10 or ten.

78 [1] Allow 1 credit for 40°C to 200°C. Significant figures do not need to be shown.

79 [1] Allow 1 credit.

Examples of 1-credit responses:

H
H C H
H C H
H H H H H
H C C C C C C H
H H H H H H

C
C
C
C C C
C
C

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [8]

 80 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

hydronium ion H3O

hydronium H

hydrogen ion H3O(aq)

hydrogen H(aq)

proton

81 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

MA(20.0 mL)  (0.025 M)(17.6 mL)

(.025)(17.6)
20

82 [1] Allow 1 credit for 2 or two.

83 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

Paint with Ra-226 will glow for a longer time than paint containing the other isotopes because
Ra-226 has the longest half-life of these isotopes.

The other isotopes have shorter half-lives, so paint containing them will not glow for as many
years.

84 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
147Sm
62

Sm-147
147Sm

samarium-147

85 [1] Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
1
8
0.125

12.5%

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [9]

 Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry
January 2019
Chart for Converting Total Test Raw Scores to
Final Examination Scores (Scale Scores)

The Chart for Determining the Final Examination Score for the January 2019
Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry will be posted on
the Department’s web site at: http://www.p12.nysed.gov/assessment/ on
Friday, January 25, 2019. Conversion charts provided for previous
administrations of the Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry must
NOT be used to determine students’ final scores for this administration.

Online Submission of Teacher Evaluations of the Test to the Department

Suggestions and feedback from teachers provide an important contribution to the test
development process. The Department provides an online evaluation form for State
assessments. It contains spaces for teachers to respond to several specific questions and to
make suggestions. Instructions for completing the evaluation form are as follows:
1. Go to http://www.forms2.nysed.gov/emsc/osa/exameval/reexameval.cfm.
2. Select the test title.
3. Complete the required demographic fields.
4. Complete each evaluation question and provide comments in the space provided.
5. Click the SUBMIT button at the bottom of the page to submit the completed form.

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [10]

 Map to Core Curriculum

January 2019 Physical Setting/Chemistry

Question Numbers
Key Ideas/Performance Indicators Part A Part B Part C
Standard 1
Math Key Idea 1 36, 37, 38, 41, 57 67, 69, 70, 81, 82
Math Key Idea 2 72
Math Key Idea 3 35, 36, 40, 46, 47, 77, 84, 85
56
Science Inquiry Key Idea 1 31, 50, 51, 52, 54, 66, 68, 71, 72, 73,
55, 58, 60, 61, 62, 74, 76, 78, 80, 83
63, 64
Science Inquiry Key Idea 2
Science Inquiry Key Idea 3 31, 32, 33, 34, 39, 75, 76, 78
43, 44, 45, 47, 48,
49, 59, 61, 65
Engineering Design Key Idea 1
Standard 2
Key Idea 1
Key Idea 2
Key Idea 3
Standard 6
Key Idea 1
Key Idea 2 75, 79
Key Idea 3 48
Key Idea 4
Key Idea 5
Standard 7
Key Idea 1
Key Idea 2
Standard 4 Process Skills
Key Idea 3 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 67, 68, 71, 72, 79,
42, 44, 56, 57, 58, 81
59, 60, 63, 64
Key Idea 4 41, 49 75, 84, 85
Key idea 5 32, 51, 53, 62
Standard 4
Key Idea 3 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70,
8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76,
15, 18, 20, 21, 22, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81,
23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 48, 50, 56, 57, 58, 82
28 59, 60, 63, 64, 65
Key Idea 4 16, 17, 19, 30 41, 49, 55 75, 83, 84, 85
Key Idea 5 12, 13, 29 32, 51, 52, 53, 54,
61, 62
Reference Tables
2011 Edition 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 14, 31, 34, 36, 37, 38, 67, 69, 77, 78, 79,
18, 24, 25, 26 40, 41, 43, 47, 51, 80, 81, 83, 84
52, 53, 54, 55, 56,
58, 59, 60, 62, 63

P.S./Chem. Rating Guide–Jan. ’19 [11]

 The State Education Department / The University of the State of New York

Regents Examination in Physical Setting/Chemistry – January 2019

Chart for Converting Total Test Raw Scores to Final Examination Scores (Scale Scores)

Raw Scale Raw Scale Raw Scale Raw Scale

Score Score Score Score Score Score Score Score
85 100 63 75 41 59 19 37
84 98 62 74 40 58 18 35
83 97 61 73 39 57 17 34
82 95 60 72 38 56 16 32
81 94 59 71 37 56 15 31
80 92 58 71 36 55 14 29
79 91 57 70 35 54 13 28
78 90 56 69 34 53 12 26
77 88 55 69 33 52 11 24
76 87 54 68 32 51 10 22
75 86 53 67 31 50 9 20
74 85 52 66 30 49 8 18
73 84 51 66 29 48 7 16
72 83 50 65 28 47 6 14
71 82 49 64 27 46 5 12
70 81 48 64 26 45 4 10
69 80 47 63 25 44 3 8
68 79 46 62 24 43 2 5
67 78 45 62 23 42 1 3
66 77 44 61 22 41 0 0
65 76 43 60 21 39
64 75 42 59 20 38

To determine the student’s final examination score, find the student’s total test raw score in the column labeled “Raw
Score” and then locate the scale score that corresponds to that raw score. The scale score is the student’s final
examination score. Enter this score in the space labeled “Scale Score” on the student’s answer sheet.

Schools are not permitted to rescore any of the open-ended questions on this exam after each question has
been rated once, regardless of the final exam score. Schools are required to ensure that the raw scores have
been added correctly and that the resulting scale score has been determined accurately.

Because scale scores corresponding to raw scores in the conversion chart change from one administration to
another, it is crucial that for each administration the conversion chart provided for that administration be used to
determine the student’s final score. The chart above is usable only for this administration of the Regents Examination
in Physical Setting/Chemistry.

P.S./Chemistry 1 of 1