24 Jan Himanshu ST Line
24 Jan Himanshu ST Line
24 Jan Himanshu ST Line
Inclination of a line
Smallest non- negative angle which the line makes with the positive
direction of the 𝒙- axis (in anticlockwise direction)
𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 (𝒙𝟐, 𝒚𝟐)
𝐦=
𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏
θ
(𝒙𝟏, 𝒚𝟏)
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Straight Line
Angle between lines
If angle between line 𝐋𝟏(having slope 𝒎𝟏 ) & 𝐋𝟐(having slope 𝒎𝟐 ) is 𝛉,
then
𝒎𝟏 − 𝒎𝟐
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 =
𝟏 + 𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐
θ
𝛼
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Locus
Equation of locus
Inclination of a line
Condition on slopes
Intercept of a line
1 m 1 = m 2 ⇒ L1 | | L 2
Conditions 2 m1m2 = –1 ⇒ L1 ⊥ L2
on m1,m2
m1 + m 2 = 0 ⇒ L 1 & L2
3 are equally inclined
to co-ordinate axes
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
. 𝟐, 𝟑
𝟎, 𝟐 .
.
.
𝟐, −𝟏
𝟒, 𝟎
Example
Find the slope of the line which is inclined at an angle of 60° with the
line having slope 1.
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Straight Line
Intercept of a line
In a cartesian co-ordinate system, it is the algebraic distance from the
origin to the point at which a line cuts a given axis. It may be positive
or negative
(0,b)
.
.
(a,0)
Straight Line
If line has equal non – zero intercepts,
then m = –1 (0,a)
.
.
(-a,0)
.
(a,0)
. (0,-a)
Straight Line
If line is equally inclined with coordinate axes
then m = ± 1
.
Equation of straight line
Equation of Straight Line
A relation between 𝒙 and 𝒚 which is satisfied by co-ordinates of
every point lying on a line is called equation of the straight line.
𝒚=𝒂
𝒙=𝟎
𝒂
𝒙′ 𝒙
O 𝒚=𝟎
𝒚 = −𝒂
𝒚′
Equation of Straight Line
𝒙=𝟎
𝒃 𝒃
𝒙′ 𝒙
O 𝒚=𝟎
𝒙 = −𝒃
𝒙=𝒃
𝒚′
❑ Combined equation of coordinate axes is 𝒙𝒚 = 𝟎
Examples
Example
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
CONTENT
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 )
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝛉
Examples
Example
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
A line passing through the point (1, 0) and (2, 1) is rotated anticlockwise
about the point (1, 0) by an angle of 15°. Find the equation in its new
position.
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 (𝟐, 𝟏)
(𝟏, 𝟎)
Example
If mid points of sides of triangle are (𝟐, 𝟏), (– 𝟓, 𝟕) & (– 𝟓, – 𝟓), then find
equation of sides of triangle.
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
(– 𝟓, 𝟕) (– 𝟓, – 𝟓)
(𝟐, 𝟏)
Two Point Form
Equation of line through the two points 𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 and 𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 is given by
𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏
(𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 ) = 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏
𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏
(𝒙𝟐, 𝒚𝟐)
(𝒙𝟏, 𝒚𝟏)
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Condition on slopes
Intercept of a line
Intercept form
𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄
(𝟎, 𝒄)
𝛉
Intercept Form of a Line
𝒙 𝒚
+ =𝟏
𝒂 𝒃
(0, 𝑏)
(𝒂, 𝟎)
General equation of a line
Conversion to :
→Slope intercept → 𝐈ntercept form
𝐍𝐎𝐓𝐄
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Example
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 A
B C