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What Is JavaScript Syntax

The document discusses JavaScript syntax. It explains that JavaScript code is placed within <script> tags in an HTML document and describes the basic structure of a JavaScript segment with opening and closing tags. It also notes that whitespace and line breaks are ignored, semicolons are optional but recommended, and JavaScript is case sensitive. The document provides examples of single-line and multi-line comments in JavaScript.

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23 views5 pages

What Is JavaScript Syntax

The document discusses JavaScript syntax. It explains that JavaScript code is placed within <script> tags in an HTML document and describes the basic structure of a JavaScript segment with opening and closing tags. It also notes that whitespace and line breaks are ignored, semicolons are optional but recommended, and JavaScript is case sensitive. The document provides examples of single-line and multi-line comments in JavaScript.

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What is

JavaScript
Syntax?

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A JavaScript consists of JavaScript statements that are placed within the
<script>... </script> HTML tags in a web page.
You can place the <script> tag containing your JavaScript anywhere within
you web page but it is preferred way to keep it within the <head> tags.
The <script> tag alert the browser program to begin interpreting all the
text between these tags as a script. So simple syntax of your JavaScript
will be as follows
<script ...>
JavaScript code
</script>
The script tag takes two important attributes:
 language: This attribute specifies what scripting language you are
using. Typically, its value will be javascript. Although recent versions
of HTML (and XHTML, its successor) have phased out the use of this
attribute.
 type: This attribute is what is now recommended to indicate the
scripting language in use and its value should be set
to "text/javascript".
So your JavaScript segment will look like:
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
JavaScript code
</script>
Your First JavaScript Script:
Let us write our class example to print out "Hello World".
<html>
<body>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
<!--
document.write("Hello World!")
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>
We added an optional HTML comment that surrounds our Javascript code.
This is to save our code from a browser that does not support Javascript.
The comment ends with a "//-->". Here "//" signifies a comment in
Javascript, so we add that to prevent a browser from reading the end of
the HTML comment in as a piece of Javascript code.
Next, we call a function document.write which writes a string into our HTML
document. This function can be used to write text, HTML, or both. So above
code will display following result:
Hello World!
To understand it in better way you can Try it yourself.

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Whitespace and Line Breaks:
JavaScript ignores spaces, tabs, and newlines that appear in JavaScript
programs.
Because you can use spaces, tabs, and newlines freely in your program so
you are free to format and indent your programs in a neat and consistent
way that makes the code easy to read and understand.
Semicolons are Optional:
Simple statements in JavaScript are generally followed by a semicolon
character, just as they are in C, C++, and Java. JavaScript, however,
allows you to omit this semicolon if your statements are each placed on a
separate line. For example, the following code could be written without
semicolons
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
<!--
var1 = 10
var2 = 20
//-->
</script>
But when formatted in a single line as follows, the semicolons are required:
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
<!--
var1 = 10; var2 = 20;
//-->
</script>
Note: It is a good programming practice to use semicolons.
Case Sensitivity:
JavaScript is a case-sensitive language. This means that language
keywords, variables, function names, and any other identifiers must always
be typed with a consistent capitalization of letters.
So identifiers Time, TIme and TIME will have different meanings in
JavaScript.
NOTE: Care should be taken while writing your variable and function
names in JavaScript.
Comments in JavaScript:
JavaScript supports both C-style and C++-style comments, Thus:
 Any text between a // and the end of a line is treated as a comment
and is ignored by JavaScript.
 Any text between the characters /* and */ is treated as a comment.
This may span multiple lines.
 JavaScript also recognizes the HTML comment opening sequence <!--.
JavaScript treats this as a single-line comment, just as it does the //
comment.

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 The HTML comment closing sequence --> is not recognized by
JavaScript so it should be written as //-->.

Example:
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
<!--

// This is a comment. It is similar to comments in C++

/*
* This is a multiline comment in JavaScript
* It is very similar to comments in C Programming
*/
//-->
</script>

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