11/1/2022 Lab Report

Under supervision ofProf. Ehab Bayoumi

Eng. Mark Safwat
Eng. Youssef Maxi

Prepared by : Ahmed Mohamed Abdelhamid

ID : 202475
Group : A-3

Electric Machines and Control

21ELEC03I
Experiment No.: 1
Table 1
At α = 0 R = 10 Ω R= 50 Ω R = 10 Ω, L = 0.1 mH R = 10 Ω, L = 0.5 mH
Va (Volt) 218.2 218 218.1 217.9
I a(Ampere) 21.71 4.336 21.7 21.67
Speed (rpm) 207.1 414.1 207.1 206.9
At α = 30
Va (Volt) 217.9 218 218.1 218
Ia(Ampere) 21.67 4.337 21.7 21.68
Speed (rpm) 206.9 414.4 207 206.9
At α = 90
Va (Volt)
I a(Ampere)
Experiment No.: 2
Table 1
At α = 0 R = 10 Ω R= 50 Ω R = 10 Ω, L = 0.1 mH R = 10 Ω, L = 0.5 mH
Va (Volt) 361.2 361.2 361.2 36.2
I a(Ampere) 36.01 7.204 8.880 8.880
At α = 30
Va (Volt) 361.7 361.7 361.7 66.47
Ia(Ampere) 7.213 7.213 5.137 3.209
At α = 90
Va (Volt) 309.3 309.3 70.94 30.49
I a(Ampere) 30.82 6.164 4.668 2.66
 Experiment No.: 3

“The speed-field relationship of a separately excited DC motor”

 The following table for the readings of speed in rpm by decreasing the motor
current.

 The following graph show the plotting of motor speed and motor current.

1250
1208
1200
1141
1150
nm (rpm)

1100

1050
990
1000

950
900
900
75 85 95 105 115 125
If1 (mA)

As shown in the previous grapht there is an inverse relation between motor current
and the speed of motor as by increase the currnet the speed of motor decrese. If the
current still increase and exceed the range of the acceptable current, current will be
cut off and the motor will stop.

“No-Load test”
1696
1700

1680 1672

1660 1650

1640
1622
1620

speed (rpm)
1594
1600

1580
1562
1560
1537
1540

1520

1500
5 25 45 65 85 105 125 145 165
If_generator (mA)

As shown in the previous data the speed of motor decrease by increase generator
field current.
“Discussion questions on exp 3”

1. Which resistance do you think is larger, the armature or field

resistance? Why?
Ans : the field resistance is greater than armature resistance which is mean the
armature carries a much higher current than that of the field. This due to allow high
generated currnets to the output and to produce high torque as the torque is directly
proportional with current.

2. Explain why the curve at 1600 rpm is below that at 1700 rpm.
Ans : because the relation between the speed and the current as they are inversely
with each other as by increasing current of motor the speed will decrease.

3. What will happen if we reverse the terminals of the motor-field

winding?
Ans : the motor direction will be reversed due to the change in direction of the
magnetic field. The motor direction will be not changed if we reverse the polarity
of the applied voltage.

4. What are the causes of the voltage drop during loading?

Ans : because the armature is slow down during loading and it travel slowly to the
magnetic field which is lead to drop in voltage.
 Experiment No.: 4

The table clarify the calculations of the torque from the rule that the power divided
by omega which can be calculated from the speed as shown in the previous table.
1500

1445
1450
1420
Speed (rpm)

1400

1350
1320

1300

1250
1250
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Current (A)

“Discussion questions on exp 4”

1. Define the synchronous speed.

Ans : it is the speed of revolution of the magnetic field in the stator of the motor
120𝑓
and is given by the following relation 𝑁𝑠 = which f is the frequency of the
𝑝

supply in hertz and p is number of pole pairs.

 2. Why do three phase induction motors need starting methods? Explain
three methods for starting squirrel cage induction motors .
Ans : the three methods of starting squirrel cage are by using primary resistors and
Auto transformer and star-delta connection.

3. Explain why during this experiment, the power factor increased while
the load was increasig.

Ans : by increasing the load the torque will increase which is lead to increasing in
power factor as power has direct relation with torque.

4. Compare between squirrel cage rotor and wound rotor.

Ans : A wound rotor is built with a three-phase winding similar to, and wound
with the same number of poles as, the stator. The terminals of the rotor winding are
connected to insulated slip rings mounted on the shaft. Carbon brushes bearing on
these rings make the rotor terminals available external to the motor
A squirrel cage rotor has a winding consisting of conducting bars embedded in
slots in the rotor iron and short-circuited at each end by conducting end rings.