CH 13 CBQ

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CHAPTER 13

PROBABILITY
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS
Q No Question
1 A problem on Coordinate geometry is given to Sainking, Debasisha and Siba. The Probabilities that
they solve the problem correctly are 1/3, 2/7 and 3/8 respectively. If they try to solve the problem
simultaneously, answer the following questions:
(i) The Probability that all the three solve the problem correctly, is
(a) 1/14 (b) 1/28 (c) 5/42 (d) 5/28
(ii) The probability that only Sainking solves the problem correctly, is
(a) 5/168 (b) 15/168 (c) 25/168 (d) 25/42
(iii) The probability that only Sainking and Siba solves the problem correctly, is
(a) 5/84 (b) 5/168 (c) 1/28 (d) 25/168
(iv) The probability that exactly one of them solves the problem correctly, is
(a) 5/36 (b) 5/56 (c) 25/56 (d) 1/56
(v) The probability that none of them solves the problem correctly, is
(a) 5/84 (b) 5/168 (c) 35/84 (d) 25/84
2 A manufacturer has three machine operators A, B and C. The first operator A produces 1%
defective items whereas the other two operators B and C produce 5% and 7% defective items
respectively. Operator A is on the job for 50% of the time, B on the job for 30% of the time and C
on the job for 20% of the time.
(i) An item is chosen from the items produced. The probability that it is defective is
(a) 17/15 (b) 17/500 (c) 17/1000 (d) 33/1000
(ii) The probability that an item produced is defective, given that it is produced by operator C is
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.05 (c) 0.07 (d) 0.7
(iii) A defective item is produced, the probability that it was produced by operator A, is
(a) 5/34 (b) 15/34 (c) 7/37 (d) 22/34
(iv) A defective item is produced, The probability that it was produced by operator B, is
(a) 5/34 (b) 15/34 (c) 7/37 (d) 13/34
(v) A defective item is produced, the probability that it was produced by operator B or operator C, is
(a) 5/34 (b) 15/34 (c) 7/17 (d) 29/34
3 A company has two plants to manufacture TVs. The first plant (plant-A) manufactures 70% of the
TVs and the rest are manufactured by the second plant. 80% of the TVs manufactured by the first
plant are rated of standard quality, while that of the second plant only 60% are of standard
quality. One TV is selected at random.
Based on the above information answer the following :

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(i) Probability that the TV was manufactured
by the second plant is ----
7 3 4
(a) (b) (c)
10 10 25

2
(d)
10

(ii) Probability that the TV is of standard quality, given that it was made by 1st plant is ------

(a) 0.6 (b) 0.7 (c) 0.8 (d) 0.4

(iii) It is given that the TV is not manufactured by 1st plant. Then probability that it is rated of standard
quality is ------
1 7 4 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 10 5 5

(iv) Probability that the selected TV is of standard quality is -----

(a) 0.74 (b) 0.18 (c) 0.56 (d) 0.48

(v) If the selected TV is found to be of standard quality, then the probability that it was produced by
the second plant is -----
14 9 9 37
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 50 37 50

4 The reliability of a COVID Rapid Antigen test is specified as follows:


Of people having COVID, 80% of the test detects the disease but
20% goes undetected. Of people free of COVID, 90% of the test is
judged COVID negative but 10% are diagnosed as showing COVID
positive. From a large population of which only 0.1% have COVID,
one person is selected at random, given the Rapid Antigen test, and
the pathologist reports him/her as COVID positive.

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Let E1, E2 and A be the events that people affected by COVID, not affected by COVID and test result
is positive respectively
Based on the above information answer the following : (Answer any four)
(i) What is the probability the selected person is not affected by COVID?
(a) 0.99 (b) 0.9 (c) 0.99 (d) 0.999
(ii) It is given that the selected person is affected by COVID. What is the probability that the person is
tested positive is ----
(a) 0.08 (b) 0.8 (c) 0.1 (d) 0.9
(iii) What is the value of P(A/E2)?
(a) 0.8 (b) 0.08 (c) 0.9 (d) 0.1
(iv) What is the value of ?
(a) 0.1007 (b) 0.0999 (c) 0.0008 (d) 0.7993
(v) What is the probability that the ‘person is actually having COVID given that ‘he is tested as COVID
positive’?
10 8 8 999
(a) (b) (c) (d)
999 7993 1007 1007

5 In pre board exam of class XII, commerce stream with Economics and Mathematics of a particular
school, 50% of the students failed in Economics, 35% failed in Mathematics and 25% failed in both
the subjects. A student is selected at random from the class.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions
(i) The probability that the selected student has failed in Economics, if it is known that he has failed
in Mathematics, is
3 12 1 5
A B C D
10 25 4 7

(ii) The probability that the selected student has failed in Mathematics if it is known that he has failed
in Economics

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22 12 1 3
A B C D
25 25 2 25

(iii) The probability that the selected student has passed in at least one of the two subjects, is
1 1 3
A B C D N.O.T.
4 2 4

(iv) The probability that the selected student has failed in at least one of the two subjects, is
3 22 2 43
A B C D
5 25 5 100

(v) The probability that the selected student has passed in Mathematics if it is known that he has
failed in Economics, is
2 3 1 1
A B C D
5 4 3 2

6 A doctor is to visit a patient. From the past experience, it is known that the probabilities that he
will come by cab, metro, bike or by other means of transport are 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 and 0.4 respectively.
the probabilities that he will be late are 0.25, 0.3, 0.35 and 0.1 if he comes by cab, metro, bike or
other means of transport respectively
(i) When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability that he comes by metro?
5 2 5 1
A B C D
14 7 21 6

(ii) When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability that he comes by cab?
4 1 5 2
A B C D
21 7 14 21

(iii) When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability that he comes by metro?

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5 4 5 1
A B C D
21 7 6 6

(iv) When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability that he comes by other means of transport?
6 5 4 2
A B C D
7 14 21 7

(v) What is the probability that the doctor is late by any mean?
1 1
A 1 B 0 C D
2 4

7 A group of people start playing cards. And as we know a well shuffled pack of playing cards
contains a total of 52 cards. Then 2 cards are drawn simultaneously

Using the information given above, answer the following :


(i) If x = no. of kings = 0, 1, 2. Then P(x=0) = ?
188
(A)
221

198
(B)
223

197
(C)
290

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187
(D)
221

(ii) If x = no. of kings = 0, 1, 2. Then P(x=1) = ?


32
(A)
229

32
(B)
227

32
(C)
221

32
(D)
219

(iii) If x = no. of kings = 0, 1, 2. Then P(x=2) = ?


2
(A)
219

1
(B)
221

3
(C)
209

1
(D)
209

8 Anand, Samanyu and Shah of shortcut classes were given a problem in mathematics whose
1 1 1
respective probability of solving it are , .and . They were asked to solve it independently.
2 3 4

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Using the information given above, answer the following :
(i) The probability that Anand alone solves it is
1
(A)
4

3
(B)
4

11
(C)
24

17
(D)
24

(ii) The probability that the problem is not solved is


1
(A)
4

3
(B)
4

(C) 0
11
(D)
24

(iii) The probability that the problem is solved is


1
(A)
4

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3
(B)
4

17
(C)
24

11
(D)
24

(iv) The probability that exactly one of them solves the problem is
1
(A)
4

3
(B)
4

17
(C)
24

11
(D)
24

(v) The probability that exactly two of them solves the problem is
1
(A)
4

3
(B)
4

17
(C)
24

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11
(D)
24

9 Monu and Sonu went into a Dussehera fair where number of games wereorganized. Both of them
went to a stall where one target is to be hitted then they would get a beautiful gift. The probability
1 2
of hitting a target by Monu was and the probability that Sonu hit the target is . If each of Monu
3 5

and Sonu shoots at the target.

(i) Find the probability of not hitting the target by SONU?


2
(A)
5

3
(B)
5

4
(C)
5

1
(D)
5

(ii) Find the probability of none of them hit the target.


1
(A)
5

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3
(B)
5

2
(C)
5

(D) 1
(iii) Find the probability that target is hit.
3
(A)
5

(B) 0
4
(C)
5

(D) 1
(iv) Find the probability that exactly one of them hit the target.
3
(A)
15

4
(B)
15

6
(C)
15

7
(D)
15

10 In an office three employees Aman, Aryan and Biswajit process incoming copies of a certain form.
Aman processes 50% of the forms, Aryan processes 20% and Biswajit the remaining 30% of the
forms. Aman has an error rate of 0.06, Aryan has an error rate of 0.04 and Biswajit has an error
rate of 0.03.

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Based on the above information answer the following:
(i) The conditional probability that an error is committed in processing given that Aryan processed
the form is:
(A) 0.0210
(B) 0.04
(C) 0.47
(D) 0.06
(ii) The probability that Aryan processed the form and committed an error is:
(A) 0.005
(B) 0.006
(C) 0.008
(D) 0.68
(iii) The total probability of committing an error in processing the form is:
(A) 0
(B) 0.047
(C) 0.234
(D) 1
(iv) The manager of the company wants to do a quality check. During inspection he selects a form at
random from the days output of processed forms. If the form selected at random has an error, the
probability that the form is not processed by Aman is:
(A) 1
30
(B)
47

20
(C)
47

17
(D)
47

11
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A coach is training 3 players. He observes that the player A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots
,player B can hit 3 times in 4 shots and the the player C can hit 2 times in 3 shots.
(i) The probability that A ,B and C all will hit is
(a)4/5 (b)3/5 (c)2/5 (d)1/5
(ii) What is the probability that B ,C will hit and A will lose?
(a)1/10 (b)3/10 (c)7/10 (d)4/10
(iii) What is the probability that any two of A,B and C will hit?
(a)1/30 (b)11/30 (c)17/30 (d)13/30
(iv) What is the probability that none of them will hit the target?
(a)1/30 (b)1/60 (c)1/15 (d)2/15
(v) What is the probability that at least one of A , B or C will hit the target?
(a)59/60 (b)2/5 (c)3/5 (d)1/60
12 In answering a question on a multiple choice test for class XII, a student either knows the answer
or guesses. Let 3/5 be the probability that he knows the answer and 2/5 be the probability that he
guesses. Assume that a student who guesses at the answer will be correct with probability 1/3 .Let
E1,E2 ,E be the events that the student knows the answer, guesses the answer and answer
correctly respectively.
(i) What is the value of P(E1)?
(a)2/5 (b)1/3 (c)1 (d)3/5
(ii) The value of P(E/E1) is
(a)1/3 (b)1 (c)2/3 (d)4/5
(iii) equals
(a)11/15 (b)4/15 (c)1/5 (d)1
(iv) Value of equals
(a)1/3 (b)1/5 (c)1 (d)3/5
(v) What is the probability that the students knows the answer given that he answered it correctly?
(a)2/11 (b)5/3 (c)9/11 (d)13/3

KEY/ANSWER
(Case Study Based Questions)
Q No Answer
1 (i) (b)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (c)
(v) (d)
2 (i) (b)
(ii) (c)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (b)
(v) (d)
3 (i)

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3
(b)
10

(ii) (c) 0.8

(iii) 3
(d)
5

(iv) (a) 0.74

(v) 9
(c)
37

4 (i) (d) 0.999


(ii) (b) 0.8
(iii) (c) 0.1
(iv) (a) 0.1007
(v) 8
(c)
1007

5 (i) D
(ii) C
(iii) C
(iv) A
(v) D
6 (i) B
(ii) C
(iii) D
(iv) C
(v) A
7 (i) A

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(ii) C
(iii) B
8 (i) A
(ii) A
(iii) B
(iv) D
(v) A
9 (i) B
(ii) C
(iii) A
(iv) D
10 (i) B
(ii) C
(iii) B
(iv) D
11 (i) C
(ii) A
(iii) D
(iv) B
(v) A
12 (i) D
(ii) B
(iii) A
(iv) C
(v) C
Prepared by : PGT(Maths) of BHUBANESWAR REGION, GUWAHATI REGION, KOLKATA REGION,
SILCHAR REGION, RANCHI REGION & TINSUKIA REGION

Vetted by : TINSUKIA REGION

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