ALBERT PIKE - Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry (1872)
ALBERT PIKE - Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry (1872)
ALBERT PIKE - Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry (1872)
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CORNELL
UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY
THE GIFT OF
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Cornell University
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http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030325017
ANCIENT AND ACCEPTED
OF
FREEMASONRY.
|,I(E ^jOnBtitalions and jjtjuIatioM of ms-
Statutes and EEfiULATioNS of Peefection, and other
Degeees.
THE
OP
COMPILED BY
ALBERT PIKE,
''i
SOVEREIGN GRAND COMMANDER Or THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE 33d DEGREE FOR
THE SOUTHERN JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
NEW YORK:
MASONIC PUBLISHING COMPANY,
No. 626 BROADWAY.
A. M. 5632.
i^ir , Igyz, ir... £.:
Cc^^c—f ,
cJc^ £ZZ (jL^ C J "W X^ ^ Zt^ ^ o-i^ «, <^Wv^ <a^-
(5)
PREFATORY.
g
Charleston.
The Comte de Grasse was a member of the Supreme
Council at Charleston, and its Grand Representative for
8 PREFATORY.
CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS
nerie, ainsi que par les Gonseils particuliers et Grands Inspeeteurs reguliirement
constitues sur les deux Hemispheres.*
Il est connu que toutes les soci^t^s ont regus des grands
bienfaits par les travaux constants des Sublimes Chevaliers
et Princes de la Magonnerie ; il ne peut consequemment
* Dans la copie du Fr.\ Aveilhe, le document jusqu'a I'ast^risque se lit
comme suit
RiiGLEMENS ET CONSTITUTIONS
Faits par les neuf Commissaires, nomm^s
par le Souverain Grand Conseil des
Sublimes Chevaliers du Royal Secret Princes de la Majonnerie.
et
Au Grand Orient de Bordeaux, en consequence de la deliberation du 5e
jour de la 3e semaine, de la 7e lune de I'Ere H6braique, 5562, ou de I'Ere
Ohretienne, 1762, pour etre observes et ratifies par ledit Souverain Grand Con-
seil des Sublimes Chevaliers du Royal Secret, Princes de la Majonnerie, et
par tous les Conseils particuliers reguUerement constitues sur les deux Hem-
ispheres; transmis a notre frere Etienne Morin, Grand Inspecteurde toutes
les Loges dans le Nouveau-Monde.
(10)
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS
DRAWN UP
to allow us to be initiated.
Consequently, in order to maintain ourselves, as well as
all our Sublime Knights and Princes of
the Sublime Ma-
14 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE I.
article ii.
cles, as follows
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE XL
The Royal Art, or the Association of Free and
Accepted Masons, is generally divided into 25 known
:
i6 CONSTITUTIONS ET RilGLEMENS.
ire Classe :
J
3 Grades.
::
i8 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
13. DuG'dM'eArc'teauChev.
4me Classe
du Royal Arche, "
3
3 Grades.
14. Du Chev. du Royal Arche
au G'd Elu Anc. M'e
Parfait ou Perfection, i "
5 mois.
6 mois.
12 mois.
::
5 mos.
IS-
Sth Class:
4 Degrees.
6th Class
4 Degrees.
:
20 CONSTITUTIONS ET RfeCLEMENS.
15 mois. •
ARTICLE III.
* In Aveilhe's copy, this paragraph, to the asterisk, reads thus, (as it does'
in the Recueil des Actes) :
•
"Tous ces grades dans lesquels il faut etre initio dans un nombre myst^-
rieux de mois, pour arriver successivement k chaque grade suivant, forment
le nombre de quatre-vingt un mois. 8 et i font 9, comme 8 et i font 81, com-
me 9 fois 9 font 81, tous nombres parfaits. Bien different, i et 8 qui font 9,
comme i et 8 font 18, comme 2 fois 9 font 18. Car
y a des nombres impar-
il
15 mos.
ARTICLE III.
reads thus
••
All these degrees, into which one must be initiated in a mysterious
num-
the number
ber of months, to arrive at each degree in due succession, form
of 81 months. 8 + 1 make 9, as 8 and i make 81, and as 9 times 9 make 81,
all of -which are perfect numbers. Quite otherwise, i and 8 -which
make 9, as
make and as twice 9 make 18. For these are imperfect numbers,
I and 8 18,
and this combination is thorny and difficult; but a Free Mason who has ful
2
;
22 CONSTITUTIONS ET RElGLEMENS.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE v.*
ARTICLE VI,
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
ARTICLE VI.
Officers, who are the Grand Orator and the Grand General
of the Army one Grand Keeper of the Seals and Ar-
;
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE VIIL
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
26 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE XI.
ARTICLE XIL
Le Grand Secretaire General tiendra un rggistre pour
Paris et Bordeaux, et un autre pour les Provinces et les
Pays Etrangers, contenant les noms des Conseils Particu-
par ordre d'anciennete, la date de leurs constitutions,
liers,
ARTICLE XL
Whenever the Grand Council of Communication is held,
the Grand Secretary shall bring up all the current records,
and report all the deliberations had, and regulations made
during the quarter, that they may be ratified and if there ;
ARTICLE XIL
The Grand Secretary-General shall keep a Register for
Paris and Bordeaux, and another for the Provinces and
Foreign Countries, containing the names of the Subordinate
Councils, in the order of their seniority, the dates of their
charters, and a statement of the names, degrees, dignities,
civil conditions and places of residence of their members,
conformably to the forms transmitted by our Inspectors or
their deputies and of the right of precedency of each
;
28 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE XIII.
ARTICLE XV.
Les Conseils Particuliers, soit dans les villes de Paris ou
Bordeaux, Provinces ou telles autres, n'auront pas le pou-
voir d'envoyer des Constitutions ou Reglemens, k moins
qu'ils n'y soient autoris6s* par le Souverain Grand Conseil,
le Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6.
ARTICLE XIIL
The Grand Secretary shall also keep a record containing'
all the decisions and regulations of the Grand Council of
Quarterly Communication, in which shall be stated all the
matters determined in such Council, all the letters received,
and the substance of the answer determined on, to each.
ARTICLE XIV.
The Grand Secretary endorse on the margin of all
shall
petitions, lettersand memoirs read to the Council, the sub-
stance of the answer agreed on, which answer shall, when
written, be signed by the Grand Inspector-General or his
Deputy, by the Secretary of the proper jurisdiction, and
by the Grand Keeper of the Seals and then the Grand
;
Secretary shall himself sign, stamp and seal it, and trans-
mit the answer.
But, as it may not be practicable to do this while the
Council is in session, and as it might sometimes be danger-
ous to delay answering until the next Council, he shall
produce the minute of the answer, that it may be read in
the next Council, and shall deliver all that relates thereto
to the Keeper of the Archives, that the Sovereign Grano
Council may therein make such corrections as to it may
seem proper.
ARTICLE XV.
The particular Councils, whether in the cities of Paris
and Bordeaux, in the Provinces or elsewhere, shall have
no power to issue Constitutions or Regulations, unless they
be authorized to do so by the Sovereign Grand Council,
the Grand Inspector, or his Deputy.
30 CONSTITUTIONS ET rSgLEMENS.
ARTICLE XVI.
Le Grand Garde des Sceaux et Timbres ne pourra scel-
ARTICLE XVII.
tune ais6e. II sera charg6 de tons les fonds qui seront per-
gus pour I'entretien du Souverain Grand Conseil, ou donnas
par forme de charit6. II sera tenu un r6gistre trfes exact
de toutes les recettes, d6penses et charit6s, 6tablies distinct-
eraent et de la manifere dont les fonds ont 6t6 depens6s.
Ceux pour I'usage du Souverain Grand Conseil, et ceux
destines pour les charites seront tenus s6par6ment. II sera
donn6 un regu pour chaque somme, qui sp6cifiera le num6ro
du folio de son r6gistre, et il ne sera pay6 aucune somrae
que par I'ordre 6crit du President et des deux Grands Ofl&-
ciers du Souverain Grand Conseil.
ARTICLE xvin.
A la premiere Assembl6e du Grand Conseil, qui suivra
e 27 d6cembre, le Grand Tr6sorier rendra ses comptes.
ARTICLE XIX.
Nul ordre de recette, sur le Trdsorier, ne sera d61ivr6 que
1
ARTICLE XVI,
The Grand Keeper of the Seals and Stamps shall stamp
and seal no letter which has not first been signed by the
Secretary General, and by two Secretaries of different ju-
risdictions nor can he stamp or seal any regulations that
;
nor seal any Charter of Constitution that has not first been
signed by the said three Grand Officers and by other
Princes, to the number, in all, of seven at least, members
of the Sovereign Grand Council of the Sublime Princes.
ARTICLE XVIL
The Grand Treasurer must be known to be a person of
easy fortune. He have charge of all the funds re-
shall
ceived on account of the Sovereign Grand Council, or
given by way of charity. An exact record shall be kept
of all receipts, expenditures and charities, carefully distin-
guishing each, and showing how the moneys in each case
have been expended the funds of the Sovereign Grand
;
ARTICLE XVIIL
At the Assembly of the Grand Council after the
first
ARTICLE XIX.
No order on the Treasurer for money shall be given ex-
32 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
quels seront pay6s k frais communs par tous les F.-. F.-.
ARTICLE XX.
aucunes m6moires, p6titions et plaintes 6toient port^s
Si
devant le Souverain Grand Conseil, par un Conseil particu-
lier, dont le President seroit membre, il ne pourroit donner
ARTICLE XXI.
Les Grands Inspecteurs D6put6s, et les deux premiers
Grands Officiers ne peuvent ^tre destitu6s par le Grand
Conseil de Communication de quartier des Princes du
Royal Secret, que pour de legitimes raisons mises en d61ib-
6ration, lorsqu'ily aura des preuves contre eux parfaite-
ment demontr^es mais les susdits Grands Officiers pour-
;
ARTICLE XXII.
Le Grand Conseil visitera les Conseils particuliers, ains'
que les Loges de Perfection par les D6put6s Inspecteurs,
ou en leur place par ceux qui seront nomm6s k cet effet,
qui rendront compte de tout ce qui s'y sera passe, par 6crit,
au Secretaire G6n6ral, afin d'en instruire le Grand Conseil.
Ledit Grand Inspecteur ou D6put6 visitera leurs travaux,
les r6gistres, les Constitutions et les tableaux dudit Conseil
ou des Loges de Perfection, et en dressera procfes-verbal,
CONSTITUTlONb AND REGULATIONS. 33
the brethren.
ARTICLE XX.
When any memoir, petition, or complaint is sent to the
Sovereign Grand Council, by a particular council, the
President whereof is a member, he cannot vote, nor even
express his opinion, unless requested to do so by the Presi-
dent of the Grand Council.
ARTICLE XXL
The Grand Inspectors and Deputies, and the two first
Grand Officers can be removed from office only by the
Grand Council of Quarterly Communication of the Prin-
ces of the Royal Secret, for legitimate reasons openly dis-
cussed, and when the proofs against them are clear and
conclusive ; but these officers may resign in the Grand
Council. The Grand Inspectors and
Deputies can be
replaced only by- appointment by the Sovereign of the
Sovereigns and the Most Puissant Princes of the Grand
Council of Communication.
ARTICLE XXIL
The Grand Council will visit the particular Councils and
Lodges of Perfection through the Deputies Inspectors,
or, in their place, through persons specially appointed
therefor ; who shall report in writing to the Secretary
General occurs on their visitation, that the Sove-
all that
reign Grand Council may be informed thereof. The Grand
Inspector or Deputy shall inspect the work, the registers,
charters and lists of members of such Councils and Lodges
34 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
Si dans rassembl6e d'un Grand Conseil aucun membre
se pr6sentoit d'une manifere ind^cente, pris de vin, ou com-
mettroit quelques fautes, tendantes a d6truire I'harmonie
qui doit r6gner dans ces respectables assembles, il sera
r6primand6 pour la premiere fois a la seconde offense,
;
ARTICLE XXV.
Si dans le Souverain Grand Conseil, aucun membre dtoit
coupable de quelques offences mentionn6es dans le pr6c6-
dent article, il sera pour la premiere fois condamn6 k telle
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 35
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
If ina meeting of a Grand Council any member should
present himself in an indecent manner, intoxicated, or com-
mitting any other acts that may tend to interrupt the har-
mony that ought to reign in a body so respectable, he
shall, for the first offence, be reprimanded ;
for the second
ARTICLE XXV.
ARTICLE XXVI,
Le Souverain Grand Conseil ne r6connoitra pour Con-
seils r6guliers ou Loges de Perfection que ceux qui seront
ARTICLE XXVIL
Toutes petitions au Souverain Grand Conseil pour ob-
tenir des lettres
de Constitution, soit pour 6tablir ou pour
r6gler un Conseil ou Loge quelconque, seront envoy^es,
savoir: pour la Province, aux Inspecteurs de la mgme
juridiction, qui nommeront quatre Commissaires a cet
effet, pour prendre toutes les informations n6cessaires; a
cet effet, ils enverront aux Inspecteurs ou leur D6put6
dans
ladite juridiction, une liste exacte des membres
qui de-
mandent la creation
d'un Conseil ou Loge de Perfection,
etc., pour, sur
rapport desdits Commissaires et celui du
le
Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6, etre d6termin6 par le
Grand Conseil sur la demande desdits membres. Quand
ce sera pour les Pays Etrangers, les Grand
Inspecteurs,
dans leurs juridictions, pourront cr6er, constituer,
d^fendre.
r^voquer et exclure, selon leur prudence, de quoi
ils dres-
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 37
ARTICLE XXVI.
The Sovereign Grand Council will recognize as regular
no other Councils or Lodges of Perfection than those re-
gularly constituted by itself or by the Grand Inspectors
or their Deputies; nor any Knights-Masons, Princes, or
Perfect Grand Elus, that have been made such by any
Council or Lodge not duly authorized.
ARTICLE XXVII.
All petitions to the Sovereign Grand Council for letters
of Constitution, or for the establishment or regularization of
any Council or Lodge, shall be referred as follows if from :
ARTICLE XXVIII.
Le Souverain Grand Conseil n'accordera aucune consti-
tution pour l'6tablissement d'une Loge Royale de Perfec-
tion,except6 aux Freres qui auront au moihs le grade de
Prince de J6rusalem et pour I'^tablissement d'un Conseil
;
ARTICLE XXIX.
Le Souverain Conseil des Princes Sublimes n'accordera
a\icunes nouvelles Patentes ni Constitutions, soit pour
Paris ou Bordeaux, Provinces ou Pays Etrangers, qu'en
fournissant un regu du Grand Tresorier, de la somme de
vingt-quatre shellings pour le paiement des personnes em-
ployees a cet ouvrage. Les Grand Inspecteurs des Orients
Etrangers s'y conformeront dans les m^mes cas; suivant
les voyages qu'ils seront oblig6s de faire, d6fray6s de toutes
d6penses. En outre, ils ne d61ivreront ni Commission ni
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 35
ARTICLE XXVIIL
The Sovereign Grand Council will grant charters to
Royal Lodge of Perfection to no brothers who
establish a
have not attained, at least, to the degree of Princes of
Jerusalem and to establish a Council of Knights of the
;
ARTICLE XXIX.
The Sovereign Council of the Sublime Princes will grant
no new Patents or Constitutions, whether for Paris or Bor-
deaux, for a Province or for foreign countries, unless upon
the production of a receipt of the Grand Treasurer for the
sum of twenty-four shillings, to pay the persons employed
in that labor. The Grand Inspectors of Foreign Orients
will observe the same rule in like cases. All the expenses
of any journeys which they are obliged to make are to be
defrayed. Moreover, they will deliver neither commission
: —
40 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS,
ARTICLE XXX.
Si les Inspecteurs ou D6put6s jugeroient convenable de
visiterdans quelques lieux des deux h6misph^res, soit le
Grand Conseil des Princes de J6rusalem ou quelqu'autre,
ils se pr6senteront* avec les decorations de leurs dignit6s,
ARTICLE XXXI.
Les Princes de J6rusalem ^tant les Vaillants Princes de
la Ma§onnerie renouvel6e, seront regus avec les honneurs
et jouiront de tous leurs privileges dans toutes les Loges
et Chapitres, ainsi que dans les Conseils de Chevaliers
d'Orient, oil ils feront leur entr6e triomphante de la
mani^re suivante
* " Ou aucuns autres quelconques, lorsqu'ils seront connus et munis de
litres authentiques, se pr^senteront." AvdlhSs copy.
: —
nor power to any Prince Mason until he has first signed his
submission in the register of the Grand Secretary General,
of the Grand Inspector or his Deputy ; and, in a Province
or a foreign country, in those of our Inspectors or Depu-
ties. It is even necessary that such submission be both
written and signed by such brother.
ARTICLE XXX.
Deputies see fit to visit anywhere in
If the Inspectors or
the two Hemispheres a Grand Council of Princes of Jeru-
salem, a Council of Knights of the East, a Lodge of Per-
fection, or any other body whatsoever, they will present
themselves,* clothed with the decorations of their rank, at
the door of the Grand Council of Princes of Jerusalem, of
the Grand Chapter of the Knights of the Black Eagle, or
of the Consistory of the Princes Adepts, or of any other
body, as the case may be, and will be there received with
all the honors due them, and everywhere enjoy their privi-
leges and prerogatives. Whenever an Inspector or his
Deputy, or any other Knight Prince Mason visits a Lodge
of Royal Perfection, or other Lodge, the Puissant Grand
Master or the Worshipful Master of a Symbolic Lodge will
send out five officers-dignitaries to introduce the Prince
Inspector or his Deputy, with all the honors hereinafter
prescribed.
ARTICLE XXXL
The Princes of Jerusalem being the Valiant Princes of
the Renovated Masonry, they will be received with all the
honours, and will enjoy all their privileges, in all Lodges
and Chapters, as well as in all Councils of Knights of the
East, whereinto they will make their triumphant entry in
the following manner
* " Or any other body whatsoever, when they are recognized, and furnished
with authentic evidence of theirrank', they will present themselves." AvHl-
he's copy.
<3
42 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ren .'" Instantly all the Brethren on the North and South
will together form an arch with their naked swords, or if
they have none, with their outstretched arras, under which
the Valorous Prince will pass with a grave step, until he
comes to the Master. The Master will offer him the scep-
tre, which he will accept and direct the work. The Master
ment, the Master will give one rap, and say " To order, my
Brethren /" This will be repeated by each Warden, and
all the Brethren on the North and South will form a vault,
ARTICLE XXXII.
Pour 6tablir entre tons les Conseils particuliers, et parmi
tous les illustres Chevaliers et Princes Magons une corres-
pondance r6guli6re, ils enverront chaque ann6e au Souverain
Grand Conseil, et a chaque [Grand] Conseil particulier, un
6tat G6n6ral de tous les Conseils particuliers r6guliferement
6tablis, ainsi que les noms des Officiers du Souverain Grand
Conseil des Sublimes Princes et donneront avis, dans le ;
ARTICLE XXXIIL
Pour maintenir I'ordre et la discipline, le Souverain
Grand Conseil des Princes Sublimes du Royal Secret ne
s'assemblera pour proc6der d aucun travail Magonnique
* Get article est
enti^rement corrompu, et il doit, je crois, se lire comme
suit :
" Pour etablir, &c., ils
enverront chaque annee au Souverain Gd. Con-
seil, a chaque Grand Conseil particulier, et a tous les
Conseils particuliers re-
gulierement dtablis, un etat g^n^ral de tous leurs membres, ainsi que les
noms de leurs Officiers et donneront avis au Souvarain Gd. Conseil des
;
ARTICLE XXXIL
To establish among all the Subordinate Councils, and
among all the Illustrious Knights and Princes-Masons, a
ARTICLE XXXin.
To maintain order and discipline, the Sovereign Grand
Council of the Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret will
meet but once a year, to proceed in their Masonic labours.
* This and ought, I imagine, to read, " To es-
article is evidently corrupted,
tablish, &c. they will send every year to the Sov/. Gr.". Council, to each par-
;
ticular Gr.'. Council, and to all the particular Councils regularly established,
a general statement of all their members, and the names of their o£Scers, and
will report to the Sov.'. Gr.'. Council, during the course of the year, al'
Changes of importance since the last statement."
:
48 CONSTITUTIONS ET RfeCLEMENS.
ARTICLE XXXIV.
Jours de Fetes que les Chevaliers Princes Maqons et Val-
ARTICLE XXXV.
Un Conseil particulier des Princes du Royal Secret ne
pourra exc6der nombre de 15, y compris les Officiers.
le
ARTICLE XXXIV.
Feast-days, which the Knights Princes-Masons and Valor-
ous Princes of Jerusalem are hound specially to celebrate.
1st. The 20th of November, the memorable day when
their ancestors made their entry into Jerusalem.
2d. The 23d of February, to praise the Lord on account
of the rebuilding of the Temple.
3d. The Knights Holy Day
of the East will celebrate the
of the rebuilding of the Temple of God, the 22d of March
and the 22d of September, which are the equinoctial days,
when the day and the night respectively begin to lengthen
in memory of the fact that the Temple was twice builded.
All the Princes-Masons are bound to attend the Council
of the East to celebrate these two days and that body;
article XXXV.
A particular Council of the Princes of the Royal Secret
can consist of no more than fifteen members, the officers
included.
Every year, on the day of St. John the Evangelist, every
Grand Particular Council must elect nine officers, not in-
cluding the President, who is always to serve three years.
50 CONSTITUTIONS ET R^GLEMENS.
concerns the Royal Art, both in the high and the inferior
degrees.
"Au Grand Orient de Paris et Bordeaux sous la Voute Celeste, les jours
et an susdits.
Nous D6put6s Inspecteurs Gen6raux et Princes Mafons, etc.,
soussignfes,
etc., etc., certifionsque les R^glemens et Constitutions transcrits des autres
parts et donnas par la Grande Loge et Souverain GrandConseil des Sublimes
Princes de la Ma§onrierie, au Grand Orient de France, au trAs puissant et
respectable fr^re Etienne Morin sont conformes a I'original, dont 11 a trans-
mis copie au tri^s respectable fr^re Francken, D6put6 Grand Inspecteur en
risle de la Jamaique, et encore conformes a la copie dument en forme qu'on
a remis dans les Archives de la Loge Sublime, i I'Orient de Charleston [par]
le trfes respectable frere Hyman Isaac Long, lorsqu'il a constituee et que toy ;
etc.Delahogue, D^put^ Inspecteur General Prince Mason, etc., etc., etc. Au-
; ;
GUSTE De Grasse, Depute Inspecteur G'l Prince Ma§on, etc., etc., etc. Saint ;
Paul, Depute Grand Inspecteur P'ce Majon, etc., etc., etc. Robin, Depute ;
Grand Inspecteur P'ce. Ma9on, etc., etc., etc., et Petit, D^put6 Inspecteur G'l.
Prince Majon, etc., etc., etc.
Je Soussign6 D6put6 Grand Inspecteur General Prince Ma9on, etc., etc., etc.,
certifie que les Reglemens et Constitutions cy-dessus et des autres parts trans-
crits est conforme a la copie qui m'en a ete transmise par les cy-dessus sous-
sign^s; et quelle est fidellement extraite de mon registre, et que foy doit y
estre ajout6e.
Au Port-au-Prince, le loeme jour du loeme mois appelle Thebat de I'an
5557, de la Restauration, et de I'Ere Vulgaire le 10 Decembre 1797. B'te
AvEiLHB, D. G. I. G. M. &
[Et a la marge] Vu par nous a Charleston, le 12 Mars 5802. AuGUSTE DE
Grasse, K. H. P. R. S. Souverain Grand Inspecteur G6n6ral du 33me Hegrfi,
Souverain Grand Commandeur pour les Isles Frangaises de I'Am^rique du
vent el sous le vent.
:
also agree with the copy thereof in due form deposited in the archives of the
Sublime Lodge at the Orient of Charleston by the Th.'. Resp.-. Bro.-. Hyman
Isaac Long, when he constituted that body and that full faith and credit
;
before transcribed agree with the copy furnished by the above named; that
the same are faithfully copied from my register, and that full faith and credit
ought to be given them.
" Port-au-Prince, the roth day of the loth month called Thebat, of the year
of the Restoration 5557, and of the Vulgar Era the loth December, 1797.
" B'te Aveilhb,
" D. G. I. G. and M.
[And in the marginl\ " VisfiD by me at Charleston, the 12th of March, 5802.
Auguste de Grasse, K.'. H.-. P.'. R.'. S.'., Sov.-. Grand Inspector General of
the 33d Degree, Sov. Gr.-. Commander for the Windward and Leeward
French Isles of America."
54 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
STATUTS ET REGLEMENS
POUE LE OOtrVBEITEJIBNT DB
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE IL
Aucune Loge de Grand filu, Parfait Mattre Sublime ne
peut avoir correspondance avec aucune autre, except6 cel-
les envoy6es par le Secr6taire G6n6ral du Grand
Conseil
au Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6, et communiqu6es par
eux.
ARTICLE IIL
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE II.
ARTICLE IIL
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
ARTICLE VL
Toutes les Loges r^guliferes qui obtiendront de nouveaux
Grades relatifs k I'ordre en g6n6ra.l, doivent en donner avis
imm6diatement au Grand Inspector ou son D6put6.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE v.
ARTICLE VI.
ARTICLE VIII.
ARTICLE VIIL
Every Lodge of Grand and Sublime Ma-
Elect, Perfect
sons should have nine officers ; whom, the number
including
of members should not exceed twenty-seven. The Th.*. Puis-
sant is not counted among the nine officers. He represents
Solomon. Hiram, King of Tyre, sits on his right, in the
absence of the Grand Inspector or his Deputy.
1st. The Grand Keeper of the Seals, representing Gala-
had, son of Sophonia, Chief of the Levites, who sits on the
left of the Th.*. Puissant.
d6e.
ARTICLE IX,
cept6 quaud les Officiers sont choisis, ils doivent prgter leur
obligation au Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6, de remplir
leurs offices avec z61e, Constance, ferveur et affection envers
leurs fr^res.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XI.
fligera.
ARTICLE XII.
et la Loge prononcera.
ARTICLE XIII.
ARTICLE XIV.
Le Grand Secretaire ddlivrera k chaque F.*. en cas de voy-
age, un certificat sign6 par le trois-fois-Puissant, les Surveil-
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 6t
but when the officers have been elected, they must take an
obHgation, to the Grand Inspector or his Deputy, that they
will perform the duties of their office with zeal, constancy,
fervour, and affection towards their brethren.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XI.
All the Brethren must in open Lodge wear all their dec-
orations. A Bro.-. who enters a Lodge without his orna-
ments or the insignia of some higher degree, shall lose his
right to vote at that meeting, and pay into the Treasury
such fine as the Lodge shall impose.
ARTICLE XIL
Lodges of Perfection are to be held on the days and at
the hours specified, whereof the Brethren composing the
Lodge have due notice from the Secretary, in order
shall
that if business of importance prevents any Bro.'. from at-
tending, he may advise the Secretary thereof by letter, on
the morning of the day of meeting, whereof the Secretarj'
shall inform the Lodge in the evening this under such
;
ARTICLE XIIL
All Lodges of Grand Elect, Perfect and Sublime Masons
must mutually visit each other, by deputations or corres-
pondence, as frequently as possible, and communicate to
each other whatever light they may acquire.
ARTICLE XIV.
The Grand Secretary shall issue to every Brother who
is about to travel, a certificate signed by the Th.-. Puissant,
66 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE XV.
Les Grands Elus, Parfaits et Sublimes Magons peuvent
recevoir les fF.-. qui en sont dignes, et qui ont remplis des
dignit6s dans lesLoges Symboliques, dans tons les Grades
qui pr6c6"dent la Perfection, tels que le Maitre Secret, le
Maitre Parfait, le Secretaire Intime, Pr6v&t et Juge, Inten-
dant des Bttiments, Elu des Neuf, Elu des Quinze, Cheva-
lier Illustre, Grand Maitre Architecte, [et] Chevalier de
ARTICLE XVL
Outre les Jours de fate du 24 Juin et 27 Decembre, le
Grand 6lu, Parfait et Sublime
Magon c^iebrera chaque
ann^e la r66dification du Premier Temple du Seigneur, le
5 Octobre. Le plus ancien Prince et le plus haut en Grade
pr^sidera, et les deux Surveillants-s'ils sont les moins an-
ciens, seront remplac6s par les plus, anciensen grades, que le
President nommera; ainsi dans le mgme ordre tous les
autres OflSciers.
ARTICLE XVIL
^
Toutes petitions quelconques seront faites par un Grand
Elu, Parfait et Sublime Magon, et alors les plus jeunes don-
neront leur avis; et quand un candidat sera
propos6 en
Loge, il faut qu'il soit reconnu avoir du respect
et de I'at-
tachement k sa reKgion, d'une vraie probite et
discretion.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 67
ARTICLE XV.
The Grand and Sublime Masons may ad-
Elect, Perfect
mit to the degree of Perfection such brethren as are worthy
thereof, and who have held office in Symbolic Lodges;
and to all the degrees that precede that of Perfection, to
wit. Secret Master, Perfect Master, Confidential Secretary,
Provost and Judge, Intendant of the Buildings, Elect of
the Nine, Elect of the Fifteen, Illustrious Knight, Grand
Master Architect, and Knight of the Royal Arch. The
Th.'. Puissant may confer three degrees at one and the
same time on each Bro-.*., by way of reward for zealous
service and finally the degree of Grand Elect, Perfect and
;
ARTICLE XVL
Besides the Feast-days of the 24th June and 27th De-
cember, the Grand Elect, Perfect and Sublime Masons
must every year, on the 5th of October, celebrate the re-
building of the first Temple of the Lord. The Prince who
.'s oldest and highest fn degree will preside ; and if the two
Wardens be of inferior degree, their places will be filled
ARTICLE XVIL
All matters whatever must be proposed by a Grand
Elect, Perfect and Sublime Mason, and the Members will
vote in order, commencing with the youngest and when- ;
ARTICLE XVIII
Lorsque les Surveillants sent avertis par le trois-fois-
P.uissant de son intention de tenir Loge, ils doivent I'assis-
ter, et contribuer de toute leur puissance au bonheur de la
ARTICLE XIX.
Le Grand Garde des Sceaux pr6parera les sceaux pour
les receptions, tiendra tout en ordre, et mettra les sceaux k
tons les certificats ou autres pifeces sign6s par les Officiers
de la Loge.
ARTICLE XX.
Le Grand Orateur fera des discours k chaque r6ception
et en m6me temps sur I'excellence de I'Ordre. II instruira
les nouveaux FF.-., leur expliquera les Myst^res, les exhor-
tera k continuer leur zble, ferveur et Constance, pour qu'ils
ARTICLE XXI.
Le Grand Tr6sorier gardera tous les fonds des charit6s
ainsi que des r6ceptions, et il tiendra un livre de compte
toujours pr^t k 6tre inspect6 par la Loge ; et comme la
charit6 est un devoir indispensable parmi les Magons, les
FF.-. doivent partitiper a ces fonds par des contributions
volontaires selon leurs facultds.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 69
ARTICLE XVIIL
When the Wardens are notified by the Th.-. Puissant of
Lodge, they must attend, and with
his intention to hold a
all might advance the prosperity of the Lodge. The
their
Master of Ceremonies must also be notified, in advance,
that he may prepare the Hall.
ARTICLE XIX.
The Grand Keeper of the Seals will have the seals ready
for receptions, set every thing in order, and affix the seals
to all certificates, or other documents signed by the Offi-
cers of the Lodge.
ARTICLE XX.
The Grand Orator will deliver a discourse at each recep-
tion, enlarging therein upon the excellence of the Order.
He will instruct the new brethren, explain to them the
Mysteries, and exhort them not to slacken in their zeal,
fervour, and constancy, that they may attain to the degree
of Grand and Sublime Mason. If he has
Elect, Perfect,
noticed any indiscretions on the part of any brethren, or
any disputes among them, he will advise the Lodge thereof,
that it may endeavor to bring about a reconciliation.
ARTICLE XXL
The Grand Treasurer will safely keep all funds devoted
to charitable purposes, as well asmoneys received for re-
ceptions. He will keep -a regular book of accounts, at all
limes ready to -be examined by the Lodge and, as Charity
;
ARTICLE XXII.
Le Grand Secr6taire tiendra un r6gistre de toutes les
affaires,bien 6crit, et toujours pr6t k ^tre inspect6 par la
Loge, le Grand Inspecteur ou son D4put6. II enverra tous
les ordres, donn6s par le Trois-fois-Puissant assez k temps
pour qu'ils puissent 6tre remis avec certitude. II doit pr6-
parer toutes les r6quisitions k transmettre k la Loge, au
Grand Conseil et au Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6,
ainsi que dans quelques parties 6trangferes, et il aura le plus
grand soin de tenir les archives de son office dans le plus
grand ordre.
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
Le Capitaine des Gardes a I'inspection sur le Tuilleur
II doit s'assurer si la Loge est bien couverte il prend tous :
ARTICLE XXIL
The Grand Secretary keep a record of all the trans-
will
actions of the Lodge, plainly written, and always ready to
be inspected by the Lodge, the Grand Inspector or his
Deputy. He will dispatch all orders issued by the Th.-.
Puissant, within such time that they may reach their des-
tination in due season. He must prepare all -requisitions
ARTICLE XXIII.
72 CONSTITUTIONS ET RfeCLEMENS.
ARTICLE XXV.
une Loge a m6rit6e d'etre dissoute ou interdite pen-
Si
Jant un certain temps, les Officiers sont alors oblig6s de
d6poser leurs Constitutions, R^glemens, Statuts, ainsi que
tons leurs papiers, au Grand Conseil, s'il y en a, et h ce d6-
faut, entre les mains du Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6,
oil ils resteront jusqu'k ce que la Loge ait obtenu grclce
de rOrdre.
ARTICLE XXVL
un membre d'une Loge, qui a 6t6 dissoute par le Grand
Si
Conseil, prouvoit, dans une p6tition au Grand Conseil,
qu'il est innocent, il aura gr&ce, et se joindra k une autre
Loge constitu6e.
ARTICLE XXVIL
Rien de ce qui se fait en Loge ne doit 6tre r6v6l6 hors
de la Loge, qu'k aucun autre membre de la m6me Loge,
sous les peines que la Loge infligera.
ARTICLE XXVIII.
Nul visiteur ne sera admis avant que la Loge soit ouverte,
et qu'apr^s avoir 6t6 scrupuleusement examine par deux
FF.-. instruits ; et il prStera son obligation, 4 moins que
quelques membres de la Loge n'affirment avoir vu le fr^re
visiteur dans une Loge r6gulierement constitu6e, et de ce
grade au moins.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 73
ARTICLE XXV.
If any Lodge is good cause dissolved or temporarily
for
interdicted, the Officers thereof must deposit the Charter,
Regulations and Statutes, and all the papers of the Lodge,
with the Grand Council, if there be one, and if not, with
the Gr.\ Inspector or his Deputy ; where they will remain
until the Lodge is allowed to resume labour. And if the
members of such Lodge should not submit to the deci-
sion of the Grand Council, their disobedience, and their
names, degrees and civil characters, are to be notified in
writing to all the recognized Lodges in the two Hemis-
pheres, that they may incur the contempt of all Masons.
May the Grand Architect
of the Universe avert so great
a misfortune, and inspire us to select good men for our
brethren, that thereby the Order may attain perfection.
ARTICLE XXVI.
If a member of a Lodge that has been dissolved by the
Grand Council, shows that body by petition that he is in-
ARTICLE XXVII.
Nothing that is done in a Lodge should be made known
out of the Lodge, except to a member of the same, under
such penalty as the Lodge shall inflict.
ARTICLE XXVIII.
No visitor can be admitted until the Lodge is opened,
nor until he has been scrupulously examined by two well-
informed brethren and he shall take his obligation also,
;
ARTICLE XXIX.
Chaque Loge peut avoir deux FF.-. Tuilleurs, Leurs
moeurs doivent gtre connues. lis seront d6cor6s aux
ARTICLE XXX.
Les Chevaliers et Princes Magons 6tant les grands lumi-
feres de la Loge, si aucunes plaintes 6toient faites centre
I'un d'eux, elles seront faites par 6crit, et pr6sent6es dans
la Loge prochaine, qui les ^coutera et en d6cidera ; et si
une des parties se croyait 16z^e, elle aura la libert6 d'en ap-
peler au Grand Conseil, dont la determination sera finale
et decisive.
ARTICLE XXXL
Le Secret dans nos Mystferes 6tant d'obligation indispen-
sable, le Trois-fois- Puissant Grand Maitre, avant de fermer
chaque Loge, recommandera ce devoir aux FF.-. dans la
manidre et forme d'usage.
ARTICLE SXXIL
Si un malade et qu'un membre le sgut, il en
fr^re 6toit
donnera au plust&t avis au Trois-fois-Puissant pour qu'il
puisse recevoir les secours dont il aurait besoin et le G.-. ;
ARTICLE XXXIIL
Si un F.-. mouroit, tons les FF.-. seront obliges d'assister
a ses fun6railles de la manifere accoutum^e.
ARTICLE XXXIV.
Si un F.-. est dans I'infortune, il est du devoir de chaque
irhre de I'assister.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 75
ARTICLE XXIX.
Every Lodge may have two BB.-. Tilers whose good ;
ARTICLE XXX.
The Knights and Princes Masons being the great lights
of the Lodge, all complaints against them shall be made in
writing and presented at the next Lodge-meeting. The
Lodge shall hear and decide and
; if a party thinks himself
aggrieved, he may appeal to the Grand Council, which
shall determine in the last resort.
ARTICLE XXXI.
Secrecy as to the Mysteries being of indispensable obli-
gation, the Th.-. P.-. Grand Master shall, before closing
each Lodge, inculcate that duty on the Brethren in the
usual manner and form,
ARTICLE XXXn.
If a brother be sick, any member knowing thereof must
forthwith inform the Th.-. Puissant, in order that he may
receive the necessary attention ; and the Gr.\ Hospitaller
must visit him, to see that he is properly cared for.
ARTICLE XXXIII.
When a brother dies, all the brethren are obliged to at-
tend his funeral in the accustomed manner.
ARTICLE XXXIV.
If a brother meet with misfortunes, it is the duty of
every brother to assist him.
76 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE XXXV.
Si le Trois-fois-Puissant n'6toit pas pi-6sent en Loge, une
heure apr^s celle fix6e pour rassembl6e, et qu'il y eut cinq
irbres pr6sens, plus ancien Officier remplira imm6diate-
le
ARTICLE XXXVI.
Pour 6tablir la r6gularit6 dans la Loge,le Trois-fois-Puis-
sant Maltre et le Grand Inspecteur ou son D6put6 doivent
avoir un tableau de tous les membres de la Loge, des
grades et des qualit6s civiles, pour les pr6senter devant le
Grand Conseil, et les transmettre k toutes les Loges r6gu-
liferes. lis informeront aussi le Grand Inspecteur ou son
ARTICLE XXXVII.
Si les membres de la Loge pensent n6cessaire de faire
quelques alt6rations aux pr6sentes Constitutions et Regle-
mens, cela ne pourra 6tre que par p6tition par 6crit, pr6-
sent6e avant k la Loge, avant la fiBte annuelle ; et si les
membres, apr^s avoir murement consid6r6s I'objet mis en
question comme n'6tant pas contraire auxdits Statuts et
Rfeglemens, r6crit sera communiqu6 au Grand. Conseil
des Princes, et s'ils I'approuvent, il sera envoy6 au Grand
Inspecteur ou son D6put6 du District, qui d6cidera I'objet
propos6, sans alt6rer aucunes de nos anciennes coutumes,
obligations ou cer6monies, ou diminuer la force de notre
pr6sente Constitution ou Rfeglement, sous peines d'inter-
diction. Aussi toutes les Loges de Grand Elu, Parfait et
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. T/
ARTICLE XXXV.
If the Th.". Puissant be not present in theLodge, one
hour after the time fixed for assembling, and there be
five brethren present, the oldest Officer will instantly take
the throne, and proceed regularly with the work, pro-
vided that the Grand Inspector and his Deputy are absent;
but if either of them be present, he shall be invited to take the
throne, with all the honours the same honours being paid
;
ARTICLE XXXVI.
To secure regularity in the Lodge, the Th.\ P.'. Master
and the Gr.-. Inspector or his Deputy must keep a list of
all the members of the Lodge, showing the degree and
civil character of each, to be laid before the Gr.-. Council
and transmitted to all the regular Lodges. They will also
advise the Grand Inspector or his Deputy of every matter
of interest communicated to the Lodge.
ARTICLE XXXVII.
If the members of any Lodge deem it necessary to make
any alterations in the present Constitutions and Regula-
tions, thatcan only be done by petition in writing, pre,
sented to the Lodge prior to the annual Feast. If the
78 CONSTITUTIONS ET R^GLEMENS.
8o CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
below the Seal of our arms and the Great Seal of the
Princes Masons.
At the Orient of Charleston, South Carolina, the 9th day
of the 4th Month, called Tammuz, of the year of the Res-
toration, 5557, and of the Vulgar Era, the 9th of June,
1797.
DEVOIRS ET PRIVILEGES
after Easter.
The Knights Rose Croix are bound to give charity to
84 CONSTITUTIONS ET rIgLEMENS.
autres.
ne peuvent se dispenser de se rendre aux invitations
lis
the poor, to visit those in prison and the sick, and to give
them aid in their necessities, each according to his means.
When a Knight Rose Croix dies, he is to be buried with
his collar. All Knights in the place must attend the burial,
wearing their insignia under their coats^ if they cannot
openly display them without scandal. A Funeral Service
must be performed in the Chapter, at which an oration in
memory of the deceased will be delivered.
The Knights cannot engage in mortal combat one with
the other.
They cannot be excused for non-attendance at meetings
when notified, except in case of sickness.
of the Chapter,
The Chapter must be lighted with candles of yellow
wax, or lamps fed with olive oil.
A Knight Rose Croix is not to be tyled, when he pre-
sents himself for admission into a Lodge as a visitor. He
should therefore have a special brief, evidencing his rank.
He must wear his jewel in all Lodges.
6
ORDINANCES OF THE CHAPTER.
[under the grand orient of FRANCE.]
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE V.
Rose Croix.
ARTICLE VI.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE VIII.
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XL
All the Brethren are obligated toshow charity, not only
to Masons but to all others that are unfortunate and also ;
ARTICLE XII.
ARTICLE XIII.
ARTICLE XIV.
A Knight owes it to his honor to defend the cause of his
God, his Prince and his Country, to the last drop of his
blood and under no pretext can he engage in a foreign
;
ARTICLE XV.
A Knight cannot excuse himself for non-attendance at a
convocation of the Chapter, for any other reason than that
of serious sickness. If he would be absent for any other
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 89
ARTICLE XVI.
The Chapter must always be lighted either with wax or
olive-oil.
ARTICLE XVII.
ARTICLE XVIII.
ARTICLE XIX,
Matters foreign to Masonry must never be mooted in the
Chapter. Nothing can be discussed there except what re-
lates to the Order.
ARTICLE XX.
Questions that concern religion, politics and the like,
ARTICLE XXL
Great caution is to be used in conferring this Sublime
Degree. It is never to be conferred until after a rigor-
ous examination into the conduct, honor and morals of
the applicant. The ballot is to be taken on three several
occasions and equality being the basis of the Order, each
;
ARTICLE XXn.
ARTICLE XXin.
ARTICLE XXIV.
servant can be admitted to the Chapter. The
last
No
Knights received perform the duties of servants and
two ;
ARTICLE XXV.
If a Knight falls sick, all the Brethren must visit him ;
and care must be taken that he shall want for nothing for ;
ARTICLE XXVL
When a Knight every other Knight must attend his
dies,
funeral, all with their cordons and jewels under their coats.
ARTICLE XXVII.
With every Knight that dies, his cordon and jewel are
to be buried. .
ARTICLE XXVIII.
A funeral service will be performed at the expense ot the
ARTICLE XXIX.
Immediately after the interment of a Bro.\, the Chapter
will meet, and the Orator will pronounce the funeral ora-
tion of the deceased.
ARTICLE XXX.
The Knight who succeeds to the place of the deceased
will wear mourning until after two meetings of the Chap-
ter. This mourning consists in covering the jewel with
crape.
ARTICLE XXXL
At the expiration of a year, the anniversary of the death
of the deceased will be celebrated by a funeral service,
and a session of the Chapter, in which appropriate tokens
pf respect will be paid his memory.
ARTICLE XXXIL
The names of the Knights taken away by death will
never be effaced from the Register of the Chapter; but
instead, a death's head and cross-bones will be drawn at
the end of each name.
ARTICLE XXXIIL
If a Knight visits a Lodge, and the Master, through ig-
norance, or for any other reason, does not offer him the
mallet, nor recognize him in his degree and prerogatives,
the Knight, not giving way to pride or anger, will conceal
his ornaments under his coat, enter as a simple Mason, and
take the lowest place in the Lodge and cannot then take
;
any higher place than that on the left of the Jun.-. Warden.
fKittWiS An i*»tti8l«Im.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE II.
ARTICLE III.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE II.
ARTICLE III.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
ARTICLE IV.
A
Council of Princes of Jerusalem is styled " Council of
the Very Valiant and Very Illustrious Princes." All inferior
Lodges must report to them their work and they have the
;
ARTICLE v.
ARTICLE VI.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE VIII.
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XL
La Grande F8te des Princes de Jerusalem est le 23me jour
du I2me mois, en m^moire des actions de grS.ces qui furent
rendues ce jour k Dieu, pour la reconstruction du Temple.
C'est ce jour que se font les 61ections des Officiers de tous
les Conseils de Princes de Jerusalem.
ARTICLE VI.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE VIII,
"
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XL
The Grand Feast of the Princes of Jerusalem is on the 23d
day of the 12th month, in memory of the thank-offerings
that day rendered to God, for the rebuilding of the Tem-
ple. On that day the elections of Officers of all Councils
of Princes of Jerusalem are to held.
On the 20th day of the roth month, also, a Feast of the
Order is to be celebrated in commemoration of the tri-
umphal entry into Jerusalem of the Ambassadors on their
-eturn from Babylon.
98 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
ARTICLE XII.
ARTICLE XIL
ACouncil of Princes of Jerusalem must be composed
of at leastfive. The Sovereign represents Zorobabel.
The two "Wardens are styled " Very Enlightened." The
Officers are as in other Lodges, and are all styled " Illustri-
ous."
taUtiinAim i'CDj;i«ttt.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE IL
Les Chevaliers d'Orient 6tant Souverains Princes de la
Magonnerie, pour en perp6tuer la souverainet6, et y faire
r6gner k jamais la bonne harmonie, seront tous 6gaux.
C'est pourquoi la place eminente de Souverain sera rempli
alternativement par tous les FF.-. d'ann6e en ann6e, chacun
k leur tour.
«
ARTICLE IIL
ARTICLE 1.
ARTICLE II.
ARTICLE III.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
ARTICLE VI.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
ARTICLE VI,
ARTICLE VIL
As all Elect, Perfect and Sublime Masons are ex-officio
Wardens of theiX>rder of Masonry, so Knights of the East
are ex-officio Princes and Sovereigns of the Order in gen-
I04 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
et Sublimes Magons.
ARTICLE VIII.
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XI.
ARTICLE XIL
Nul Grand Elu, Parfait ne pourra parvenir au grade de
Chevalier d'Orient qu'il n'ait St6 nomm6 pour veiller k la
conduite de tous les FF.-., et qu'il ne s'en soit acquitt6 au
moins pendant sept mois; le temps peut cependant 6tre
diminu6, selon les circonstances.
ARTICLE XIIL
Quoi qu'il soit port6 par les articles 2, 4 et 6, que les
Chevaliers ne pourront exercer leurs oflfices que pendant
un an, pourront cependant continuer une seconde ann6e,
ils
ARTICLE XTV.
Tous les Chevaliers d'Orient doivent se mettre en 6tat
de remplir les places du grade des Souverains de I'Ordre
de la Magonnerie. lis doivent gtre instruits que c'est pour
cette raison, et par les principes d'6galite et d'harmonie
qui
doivent r^gner entr'eux, que les dignit6s doivent gtre
pos-
s6d6es chacune tour a tour. En consequence, le Grand
Conseil d'Orient s'assemblera une fois par mois,
pour que
les Chevaliers s'exercent alternativement
sur tous les
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 107
ARTICLE XI.
ARTICLE XII. *
according to circumstances.
ARTICLE XIII.
ARTICLE XIV.
All Knights of the East ought to qualify themselves to fill
the places of the Degree of the Sovereigns of the Masonic
Order. They should learn that it is for this reason, and
upon those principles of harmony and equality that ought to
ARTICLE XV.
Quand un Chevalier d'Orient une Loge de Perfec-
visite
tion ou de Royal Arche, il doit 6tre regu avec les honneurs
de la voute et si le V6n6rable n'est point Chevalier, il esl
;
ARTICLE XVL
Chaque Chevalier aura une copie des presents articles,
collation6e et certifi6e veritable par le Grand Garde des
Sceaux, une copie des Statuts et R^glemens de la Perfec-
tion, et une copie des Rfeglemens G6n6raux de la Loge du
premier Grade, afin d'etre en 6tat de maintenir le bon
ordre et la discipline partout et dans toutes les Loges
r6guliferes qu'il visitera.
ARTICLE XV.
When a Knight of the East visits a Lodge of Perfection
or of the Royal Arch, he is to be received with the hon-
ours of the Arch and if the Venerable is not a Knight, he
;
ARTICLE XVI.
Every Knight must have acopy of these present Articles,
compared and certified to be correct by the Grand Keeper
of the Seals, a copy of the Statutes and Regulations of
Perfection, and a copy of the General Regulations for
Lodges of the first degree, that he may be competent to
maintain good order and discipline everywhere, and in all
regular Lodges that he may visit.
documents.]
The copy of Aveilh^ certified and visid like the last
the Recueil des Actes du Supreme Conseil de France; where they are given as a
part or sequence of the Constitution of 1762, without any indication of
date or parentage. I have not succeeded in learning anything in regard to
"Adington, Chancellor ;" but as they seem to have emanated from the
Orient of 17° 58' North Lat., they were, no doubt, enacted by the Sov.-. Gr.-.
Council of Sub.-. Princes, of the Royal Secret (25th degree) at Kingston,
Jamaica, which, in 1797 and 1798, claimed, and was admitted to have power
of discipline and control over that at Charleston, according to authentic
documents in the Archives of the Sup.'. Council at Charleston.
INSTITUTES.
|RT. I. The Grand Inspectors General of the
Order, and Presidents of the Sublime Councils
of Princes of High Masonry, are by impre-
scriptible title the Chiefs of High Masonry.
Art. 2. The 'Tribunal that directs the. administration of
High Masonry, and dependent
constitutes the different
degrees thereof, is styled the Grand CONSISTORY.
Art. 3. The Grand Inspectors General, and the Presi-
dents of the Grand Councils of the Sublime Princes of the
Royal Secret, are life-members of the Grand Consistory.
Art. 4. The Grand Consistory is composed of the
Grand Inspector of the Order, of the Presidents of the
Councils of the Sublime Princes, and of twenty-one of the
oldest of the Sublime Princes, taken in the order of pri-
ority of reception as such.
Art. 5. All Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret are
entitled to be present in the assemblies of the Grand Con-
sistory, and to partake of its deliberations.
Art. 6. To the Grand Consistory belongs all power in
regard to the doctrine of High Masonry.
(no)
:
case should occur that all these three Grand officers are
and always by special author-
out of the jurisdiction, then,
ization, some one of the Grand officers shall be appointed
in their stead, the nomination being made in a meeting of
theGrand Consistory, specially convoked.
Art. 10. In a meeting of the Grand Consistory, specially
convoked, seven members, including the Grand Com-
-
H2 CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
STATUTES.
Art. The Grand Consistory will meet four times a
I.
{Signed) Adington,
Grand Chancellor.
as
Of Legislation.
ONLY CHAPTER.
The Grand Grand Councils
Dignitaries of at least five
of Sublime Princes, met in General Committee in the Me-
tropolis of a Country in which no Legislative Body of
High Masonry has been established, have the right to or-
ganize a Constituent Chapter General, and to select from
the members of the Committee those who shall compose it
conforming in all respects to the laws of High Masonry.
and counter-signed.
Art. 3. The Consistory so established will be at once
invested with all the administrative and doctrinal power
allowed by the laws of High Masonry.
IN REGARD TO
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
HE Supreme Council at Charleston had, originally, only the
s
French imperfect copy, hereinafter given, of these Constitu-
tions of 1786. The Latin copy first appeared appended to
the Treaty made at Paris, on the Z3d of February, 1834,
between the Hicks " Supreme Council for the Western Hemisphere," at
New York, the Supreme Council of France, and the so-called Supreme
Council of Brazil, created by the Cerneau or Hicks body; to which the
Supreme Council of Belgium afterwards acceded.
The Latin copy, then published, was certified, as will be seen at the
conclusion of the copy now printed, by eight gentlemen, the names of
some of whom are noble, and all well and honorably known, to have been
by them carefully examined and compared with the authentic* official copy
of the Institutes, etc., " whereof the officialf duplicates are deposited and
have been carefully and faithfully preserved in all their purity, among the
Archives of the Order." Wherefore they certified the copy appended
to the Treaty, to be "faithfully and literally conformable to the originals
* '
A l'exp6dition authentique.' " Expedition : the copy of an act of justice,
[judicial record,] signed by a public officer." Diet, of French Academy.
f
'
Les Ampliations officielles.' "Ampliation
of Finance, [a Treas-
: Term
ury phrase] The duplicate of an acquittance or other act, which is retained
:
("5)
126 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
signers was one whose name is known to and honored by the whole civil-
Of the French copy, we only know that the copy published in the i?e-
cueil des Actes is in all respects like that which the Supreme Council of
France had in 1817, furnished it by the Bro.-. Comte de Grasse; and
that it is no doubt identical with that which the Supreme Council at
until the present Grand Commander, about the year 1855, was furnished
at New Orleans with an original copy of the Treaty, with the Grand Con-
stitutions in Latin appended, printed in France in 1834.
The odious charge has been again and again repeated, that these Latin
Constitutions were forged at Charleston. It is quite certain that this is
not true, because the Supreme Council at Charleston never had them,
until it received copies of the edition published by the Grand Com-
mander. If they were forged anywhere, it was not at Charleston : and if
anything was forged there, it was the French copy, as it afterwards ap-
allow two Supreme Councils for the United States, and one for the French
and one for the English West Indian Islands ; while the Latin Constitu-
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 1 27
the Great had nothing to do with these Constitutions, but that they origi-
nated in Europe, perhaps at Geneva, not long before the year 1800, and
that they were attributed to a Supreme Council convened at Berlin, and
purported to have been approved by Frederic, by a pious fraud, similar
to those which imputed the Epistle of Barnabas and the Apocryphal Gos
pels to the persons whose names they bear ; which created the Charter of
Cologne, and Masonic Manuscripts alleged to be in the Bodleian library
to the authorship of the laws of Numa imputed to the Nymph Egeria,
of Frederic, in May, 1786, and that he was the Patron and Protector of
the high degrees, and did approve these Grand Constitutions. We have
not endeavored to be convinced, nor have had any opinion which we felt
sion of the facts that have changed our opinion, and leave each to decide
for himself.
wards printed in the iJecueiZ des Actes): "Know, M.-. 111.-. Brethren,
that a Scottish Knight has in his possession the original charter of 1786,
signed with his own hand by the late Frederic the Great, King of Prussia.
This Code will be placed before your eyes ; and you will then acquire the
that has instituted the Supreme Councils, and that therefore there cannot
be any other Power on earth than these same Supreme Councils of Sov.'.
Gr.'. Insps.*. Gen.'., rightfully and legitimately exercising the Supreme and
Sovereign Government of the Scottish Masonry."
1785, the Bro.'. Solomon Bush, who was " Grand Elect, Perfect and Sub.
lime Knight of the East and Prince of Jerusalem, Sovereign Knight of the
Sun, and of the Black and White Eagle, Prince of the Royal Secret, and
Deputy Inspector General, and Grand Master over all Lodges, Chapters
and Grand Councils of the Superior Degrees, in North America, within
the State of Pennsylvania," by Letters-Patentyrom "the Sovereign Chrand
dency over the two Hemispheres, at the Great East of Berlin," graciously
to hear him, upon the subject of the letter.
Distant from " the Grand East of Berlin," those for whom he spoke
desired to comply with " those salutary rules and wise regulations, which
have been framed and concerted for our better government," and therefore
solicited Masonic intercourse and correspondence, that " we may not abuse
the old Landmarks, or deviate from that regard, which is so justly due to
the will of our Sovereigns;" and expressed the hope, " that the great ligh
of Berlin will condescend to shine upon us."
And he said, "Agreeably to the rules of the Grand Councils, I now
enclose a list of the members of our Lodge, in the prescribed form. We
wish the Grand Council every success and prosperity," etc.
A HISTORICAL KC^UIRY. 129
Order, about the time when Frederic died ; as the correspondence spoken
of is said to have been attended with great delays; and the first reply
from the Grand Lodge of Rouen arrived in 1787.
In 1789, Frangois Xavier Martin, afterwards for many years Chief
afterward in the Free Masons Magazine, London, said that Frederic the
jreat was, in hi) lifetime, at the head of Masonry in Europe.
130 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
in one of its claws, and in the other, a key. A ribbon surrounds it, with
the words ' Gr.-. Lodge of Geneva.' At the foot of one of the columns
is a woman, holding a balance. The patent commences thus:
" In the name and under the Auspices of the Metropolitan Grand
Lodge in Scotland, and under the Celestial Vault of the Zenith,
at the
Z4th degree of Long.-, and 44 deg.-, 12 m.-. Lat.-.
" To our 111.-. Sov.-. Gr.-- Inspectors General, Free Masons of all the
degrees Ancient and Modern, spread over the surface of the two Hemis-
pheres,
" HEALTH. FORCE. UNION.
" We, Sov.-. Gr.-. Insps.-. Gener.-. composing the Consistory established
at the Orient of Geneva, by Letters Constitutive of the Metropolitan and
Universal Gr.-. L.-. of Edinburgh in Scotland, of date the 10th day of
the first month, 5729, after having verified the letters of Knight of Cadosh,
:
and carefully examined the M.*. 111.', and Dear. . . . upon the points of
instruction and morals, and in all the degrees Ancient and Modern, to the
30th degree inclusive, we have conferred upon him the 31st, 32d and 33d
degrees, the last, unique and sublime Degrees of Masonry : to enjoy the
rights and honours attached to those high and sublime degrees.
" Vail. of Geneva, under the
' •. vault. . .
.'
Brief of Rose Croix, given to the same Brother. It has for caption :
' At the Or.', of the Univ.'., from a Most Holy Place, of the Metropoli-
tan Lodge of Scotland, established at Geneva, by the numbers 77, S.'. F.'.
U.'., the Masonic year 5796. It is declared therein that he professes the
Christian religion, that he is a Mason, Knight of the Sword, styled of the
East. The right is given him to make and perfect Masons to the 6th de-
gree inclusively, called Knight of the Sword or of the East, and to consti-
tute a Lodge by his presence. . . . Blessed be he who shall give him
welcome.' "
Ragon {Orthod. Map. 302) gives the same patents, in the same words,
prefacing thus
" '797- — 't appears that at this period, there existed at Geneva a So-
ciety of Masons-Speculators, delivering patents of the 33d degree. Here
is the description of that which was sold to the Bro.'. Villard-Espinasse,
who afterwards became an officer of the Gr.'. Orient of France, where he
took, with the degree, a new patent of the 33d, August 17, 1825."
Ragon's " History" of the Ancient and Accepted Rite is full of errors,
and he lavishes, at a safe distance of time and place, abundant vitupera-
tion on the original members oi the Supreme Council at Charleston. In
his OrtJwdoxie Mhfonnigue, he says that the Ancient and Accepted Scot-
tish Rite was created in 1797, at Charleston, by four Jews, John Mitchell,
Frederick Dalcho, Emanuel de la Motta and Abraham Alexander; of
whom one only, de la Motta, was a Hebrew. These gentlemen he stig-
out knowing whether there was any truth in these charges, or whether
they were simply libels, as they were.
He simply copies from Clavel, {Mapormerie Pittoresque, 207,) tht
whole account which the latter gives of the creation of the Supreme Coun-
cil at Charleston, and the inception of the Rite ; except that Clavel says
132 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
that the Rite was created in 1801, hy five Jews, naming Isaac Auld with
the four mentioned by Ragon. Why the latter changed the date to 1797,
and reduced the number of Jews, he does not inform us. Nothing justi-
fied the change of date ; and he had no knowledge whatever as to the
nativity or lineage of any of the gentlemen whom he slanders.
It was in response to these and other statements, that the Supreme
Council at Charleston, by a circular of the zd of August, 1845, pro-
nounced Clavel's statements to be false and slanderous, exhibiting either a
deplorable ignorance of the true history of the Order, or a wanton viola-
tion of truth.
Domingo.
Col. John Mitchell was a Justice and Notary, then 60 years of age,
native of Ireland, late Lieut.'. Colonel in the army of the United States,
jnd a member of the Society of the Cincinnati.
Dr. Frederick Dalcho, then 32 years of age, was a native of Marylanc
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 133
and civil war tortured that island for several years. The British invaded
the island, and to secure the assistance of all the population against them,
9
:
the presumption is, that he had resided in Santo Domingo, hefore he came
to South Carolina. We do not know whether his residence in that
State was uninterrupted or not, from 1796 to 1799, and from that year to
l802.
It is not in the I'east probable, indeed it is absurd to imagine, that Col-
onel Mitchell and Dr. Dalcho invented or arranged the Ancient and Ac-
cepted Rite, or got up the Grand Constitutions, Neither of them was the
kind of man to put his hand to that kind of work. It is not probable
that either of them could write Latin or French. As we have said, the
or authentication of any sort, contains no list of the degrees, nor even the
name of the Rite. It is most probable that de Grasse procured it, in or
Charleston in 1796,1799 and 1801, and was also a 33d, and appointed to
and the King of that State, who protected the Order, had never been
either its Chief or Grand Master. But if he had been so, on the 1st of
May, 1786, he could not then have approved or made regulations for
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 135
Masonry ; for, before that period, he had had an attack of asphyxia apo-
plexy. His malady lasted eleven months, without interruption or relief.
1788, 4 vols, in 8vo., by Mirabeau, and you will find this passage :
'
It is a
pity that Frederic II. . . did not carry his zeal so far as to become Grand
Master of all the German Lodges, or at least of the Prussian ones, as it
regard to the union of bodies of the Scottish Rite, with the Grand I odge
136 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
and the Grand Orient of France. Suffice it to say, that, to make the
tions are made, without one particle of proof to sustain them or reason to
make them, and with abundant evidence against them, long before pub-
prevailing among you, we inform you that Frederick the Great is partly the
author of the system adopted by our Lodge, but that he never interfered
with her affairs, nor prescribed any laws to the Masons, over whom he ex-
tended his protection throughout his States. . .
" Such is the state of things, and all that is rumoured among you about
enactments and ordinances of Frederick the Great and of a Superior Senate,
which must exist, stands on no grounds whatever."
Before we present the other objections, made by the Gr.". Lodge of the
Three Globes in December, 1861, let us dispose of the objection first
as it ever was ; and he attended to all his duties and business during his
illness and up to the very day of his death. Coxe, Hist, of the House of
Austria, iii. 507, says, that " he had been for some time afflicted with the
dropsy, and a complication of disorders, but preserved the vigor of his admin-
istration and exerted the powers of his mind, almost to the last moment."
And of iSth Century, transl. by Davison, p. 382,)
Schlosser, {Hist,
after giving an account of the quarrel which broke out between the States
1786, when the adherents of the States created a tumult at the Hague,
says, that on that occasion, Frederick JI. showed his accustomed greatness
in the affairs of the husband of his niece, but he always recommended his
haughty niece to remain within the limits of the Constitution, although he
entered into negotiations with the States-General on the subject of the com-
plaints made by the Prince, and in particular caused to be delivered to
them two very decided notes respecting the command of the garrison of
the Hague." And he adds, that "notwithstanding the decisive tone of
sent by him to the Prussian Minister at the Hague to be laid before him,
and struck out, vnth his own hand, all such passages as seemed to lay too
but neither he nor his Council amused themselves with making degrees,
and if they had done so, we should recognize their work. Besides,
Frederic died on the 17th of August, 1786, after a painful illness of eleven
months. He could not, therefore, on the 1st of May of the same year
Clavel says, {Hist. Pitt. 207,) that from the year 1774 until his death,
edge] ; that he was the declared enemy of the high degrees, which he
considered an injury to Masonry, [a consideration which never occurred
to him, because he thought oil Masonry a humbug,] and that there never
was a Council of the 33d Degree in Prussia, where previously to 1786, the
Rite of Perfection had been for the most part abandoned.
And Schlosser says, (iv. 478,) " Frederick himself continued to belong
.0 the Order, till after the Silesian war. He ceased to be a member,
hortly before the commencement of the Seven Years' War, at the very
child's play, and some of his sayings to that eifect have been preserved. It
does not at all follow that he might not, at a later day, have found it
politic to put himself at the head of an Order that had become a Power;
and, adopting such of the degrees as were not objectionable, to reject all
that were of dangerous tendency, that had fallen into the hands of the
his life. There never was the least foundation for it. It is simply a lie.
10th Letter (of the Histoire Secrite), written on the 2d of August, 1786,
said, " Au reste, la tUe est parfaitement libre, et Von travaille mime
beaueoup;"* and in Letter xiv., on the 17th of August, he wrote, " Je
tavais, le mercredi, .... quHl n 'avait parlk qu'd midi aux Secr^
* For the rest, his head is perfectly clear, and he even labours a great deal.
:
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 1 39
faries qui aUendaierd depuis cinq heures de matin : que cependant les
and yet he mjos the great King and the great Minister of State, until the
very day before his death.
In the year 1786, he was 74 years of age, and in full possession of those
tinguished. But his body was not equally vigorous with his mind, he hav-
ing become dropsical. The Count Hertzberg attended him until the moment
of his death, and has given in his " Memoire historique sur la derniire
ann&e de la vie de Fr^iric II.," a full account of his mental and bodily
great amount of labor ; and that, the day before his death, though he said
nothing until noon, to the Secretaries in waiting since five in the morning,
the despatches dictated by him were perfectly distinct, clear and precise.
The Count Hertzberg says, " He employed the same indefatigable atten-
the same exact and daily correspondence with the Ministers in the Depart-
ment of Justice, and in that of the Finances ; and he directed, himselfj
without any Minister or General, the whole of the military correspondence,
dictating his orders to his Secretaries and Aides-de-Camp." Only a few
days before his death, he thus dictated all the manoeuvres to be performed
Secretaries, who were in attendance from five o'clock in the morning ; but tha
nevertheless the despatches were perspicuous and precise.
140 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
locality." He settled new plans for the cultivation of land, and the im
provement of manufactures, weeks after the date of the Grand Constitu
tions.
tellect and mental vigor; and afterwards published his " Conversations
with the late King of Prussia" had during that visit.
Mirabeau, in letter of nth July, 1786, of his Mistoire Secrete, said:
" Parties are very busy at Berlin, especially that of Prince Henry, who is
eternally eager, without well knowing what he wishes. But all is silence
in the king's presence. He still is ting, and will remain so until the last
moment."
Count Hertzberg says, that during the last five weeks of his life, though
he was much swollen with dropsy, could not lie on a bed, nor move from
his chair, he never betrayed the least symptom of uneasiness, or of any dis-
agreeable sensation, but preserved always his serene, tranquil and con-
tented air, and conversed, in the most cordial and agreeable manner, on
public news, literature, ancient and modern history, and particularly on
rural affairs and gardening. He read, night and morning, the despatches
of his foreign ambassadors, and the civil and military reports of his minis-
ters and generals, and dictated the answers to his three Cabinet Secretaries,
in the most minute and regular manner ; as he did his answers to the letters
and applications of individuals ; leaving his Secretaries nothing to do, but
to add the titles, dates and usual formalities. He gave regularly the verbal
orders relative to the duties of the garrison of Potsdam for the day.
" This course of life was continued without variation, until the 1 ^th of
August, on which day he dictated and signed his despatches, in a manner
that would have done honor to a Minister the most conservant with the
ro itine of business." On the 16th, and not until then, he ceased to dis-
charge the functions of a King and Minister of State, and was deprived of
his senses, and on the 17th he died. Mem. Hidoriqae,%, 9, 10. Towers,
Memoires of FrMerio III., vol. z, 411 to 423.
Thiebault, [Original Anecdotes of Frederick the Great, translated,
Phila., 1806, Vol. I. p. 14),) says, "He directed his State affairs to the
very last, and a few moments before his decease, he insisted on signing a
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 141
letter addressed to M. de Launay, but his sight and strength failing him, ha
did little more than blot the paper." Thiebault had been at the Court
of Frederick twenty years, and had personal knowledge of that whereof
he wrote.
See also Count Hertzberg's account of Fre crick's transaction of business
1
to those which we have taken from Towers, all of which are also to be
found in Lord Dover's book.
Frederick had had gout for some time, and in August, 1785, fever. On
the 18 th of September, 1785, he had an attack of apoplexy, from which
he recovered. During the autumn his fever left him, but was succeeded
by a hard dry cough. His legs swelled, and oppression in his chest pre-
vented his sleeping in bed. The gout left him, and never returned. In
April, 1786, he was better, and on the 17th of that month he went to
eleven was helped on horseback, and remained riding, and frequently gal-
loping, about the gardens of Sans Souci, for three hours. He continually
held long conversations with Dr. Zimmermann, from the 23d of June to
142 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
.he 12th of July. During the last seven months of his life, he labored
ronstantly, to confirm his last great work, the Germanic League ; to inter-
fere with effect in the troubles of Holland, and to support his rights and
those of his subjects, against the reclamation of the City of Dantzic.
Lord Dover, ii. 460, After dinner, (dining at 12,) he signed all the des-
he received society, and conversed with them till eight, and passed the
rest of the evening in having select passages from ancient authors, such as
Cicero and Plutarch, read to him. Then he perused his newly arrived
despatches, or took the short intervals of sleep which his sufferings permit-
ted. "This course of life continued till the 15th of August." Lord
Dover, ii. 464.
We may safely "rest the case," as far as this point is concerned : and it
is the one on which the greatest stress has been laid, ever since the writers
of the Grand Orient of France commenced the war on the Grand Consti-
tutions. That body, originally created by a revolting Committee of the
Grand Lodge of France, and which during the Empire was compelled to
respect the rights of the Supreme Council of France, to which, receiving from
it the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted Rite in 1 804, all its prominent
members had sworn allegiance, — that body which had never had or pre-
tended to the least jurisdiction over the degrees above the i8th, clutched
the whole, when it hastened to prostrate itself and rub its muzzle in the
dust before the Bourbon throne, on the fall of the Empire ; and, as the
Grand Constitutions, permitting but one Supreme Council in France
branded that set up 'in its bosom,' as illegitimate and spurious, as it was, its
writers denied the authenticity of those Constitutions, which they were all
sworn to obey, who had the degrees of the Rite. So Foulhouze after-
wards did in Louisiana, and has had imitators among others who had sworn
to obey them as the Supreme law of the Rite, whenever and wherever they
were nud ..
Freemasonry first went from England to Germany, and the Lodge of the
Three Globes, at Berlin, was thus established, being only a Symbolic
Lodge, like the Lodge Royale Yorck.
In 1743, Baron Hunde was at Paris, and there received the high de-
grees from the adherents of the Stuarts ; and had power given him to pro-
oagate these degrees in Germany. But he was not very active, upon his
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 143
Then Starck and after him the Baron Knigge introduced Schisms ; and
Masonry was filled with Clergymen, Professors, Men of Letters, and persons
holding offices in the law-courts. Knigge brought about a General Conven-
tion at Wilhelmsbad in Hainault, of members' of all Rites and Degrees ; at
which the Marquis of Costanza and Knigge formed the Eclectic Masonry
of the United Lodges of Germany. Such was the condition of the Order
in Germany in 1776. In 1775 a Lodge of the Eclectic System was estab-
lished at Munich in Bavaria, The Lodge Theodore of Good Council,
which held a patent from the Lodge Royal York at Berlin, but had a sys-
tem of its own, by instructions from the Lodge at Lyons. Of this Lodge
at Munich, Dr. Adam Weishaupt was a member, and established the Order
of Illuminati, under the inspiration of a bitter hatred of the Jesuits. He
was of the Order of Strict Observance, and a Rosicrucian.
Among the prominent members of the new Order (the Illuminati), were
Baron Knigge, the most active member next to Weishaupt, the Baron Bassus,
Zwack, Nicolai, a bookseller at Berlin, the Marquis Costanza, Bahrdt, a
and documents published by Robison show that in the Degrees given to the
members generally, the principles of morality and of civil and religious liberty
were expounded ; but Weishaupt invented higher degrees, made known to
get the Lodges under the direction of the Illuminati, by their choice
of Masters and Wardens. He was of a devotional turn, a man of the world
who had kept good company, and was offended and shocked by the irre-
ligious projects of Weishaupt. After laboring four years with great zeal,
this dissatisfaction and the disingenuous tricks of Weishaupt caused him to
break off his connection with the Society, in 1784, and to publish a declar-
ation of what he had done in it.
Nicolai fell into a bitter quarrel with Dr. Starck, of Darmstadt, a court
quiry found out that Nicolai had been entrusted with all the secrets of
Weishaupt's higher degrees, he publicly accused him of it, and ruined his
moral character.
Dr. Zimmerman, author of " Thoughts on Solitude," and who was with
Frederick in June and July, 1786, was an llluminatus. President of the Or-
der in Manheim, and most active in propagating it in other countries. He
was employed by it as a Missionary, and erected Lodges at Neufchitel and
in Hungary, and even in Rome. When in Hungary he boasted of having
established more than a hundred Lodges, some of which were in England.
In 1768, Mirabeau, with the Duke de Lauzun and the Abbe Perigord,
afterwards Bishop' of Autun, reformed a Lodge of Philalethes at Paris
which met in the Jacobin College or Convent. While at the Court of
Berlin, he became an llluminatus, and on his return to France imparted
some of his illumination to that Lodge, of which he was a Warden in 1788.
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 145
Robison gives a list of the Lodges mentioned in the private papers that
were seized in Bavaria. The Elector of Bavaria had, a little before the
year 1783, issued an edict, forbidding, during his pleasure, all Secret As-
semblies, and closing the Masonic Lodges. But the Lodge " Theodore "
continued to meet, notwithstanding.
In the beginning of 1783, six persons were summoned before the Court
of Enquiry, and questioned respecting the Order of the Illuminati. Their
declarations were published, and were very unfavorable. The Elector is-
sued another edict, forbidding all hidden assemblies; and a third, expressly
abolishing the Order of Illuminati. It was followed by a search for papers.
Weishaupt was deprived of his professor's chair, and banished. The Ital-
The list already mentioned contains the names of some forty places in
Germany, where there were Lodges. There were fourteen in Austria, sev-
sought to form an Order of Knighthood for the Nobility, out of the Free
Masons. This was the- Strict Observance. It severed itself from all other
all members of other Lodges of Free Masons from their meetings. In-
to this Society many German Princes, Barons and Counts entered. Ferdi-
Years' War, belonged to this Order. The Grand Lodge at London had
appointed Duke Ferdinand Grand Master of all the Lodges in a great part
to make use of Free Masonry for the furtherance of their views ; and the
numerous body of Rosicrusians was a tool of the Jesuits in Bavaria.
The biographer of Hippel, a prominent member of the Order, and who
publicly acknowledged that he was indebted, fur all his knowledge of men
and of the world, to Free Masonry, says :
" His connection with Free Ma-
at various Courts and Cities in Germany, and died on the 6th of May,
1796, at Bremen. He became known by m.any works in German on phil-
We learn from Schlosser and from his own letters, that he was a man of
the world, acquainted with life and all its intrigues, and with no tendency
towards Mysticism or a contemplative life.
Many of the noblest men of the German plains joined the Illuminati, and
their names are found on the lists, with those of Weishaupt, Zwack and
Knigge. Among the names of the Bavarians persecuted as Illuminati, will be
found those of the most distinguished and best men of the country ; though
many were of a very different description.
The idea of the new Order was conceived in 1776, and its first, or " Min-
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 147
crval " degree, " was to be an institution for the cultivation of a free
spirit, in a country in wliich no man dared utter a free word.'' Von
Zwack had procured some knowledge of the external forms of Free Ma-
sonry, its symbols, degrees and initiation ; of all which Weishaupt knew
nothing ; and classes and gradations were established, and the Order insti-
latter being in favor only of what was empty and despotical. Zimmermann
was a dull and common-place person, ridiculed by all men of understanding,
but bepraised by the newspapers, and accepted by the world as a prophet.
In the year 1780, the Counts Costanza and Saviola travelled to North
Germany, to gain recruits among the Free Masons, for the Lodges of the"
Illuminati, whom they represented as a sect of Free Masons. Knigge received
them favorably, and became the friend of and co-operator with Weishaupt.
Among the Free Masons, Mystics were at that time everywhere met with ;
All the Free Masons in North Germany, who were in favor of religious
and civil libertv, joined Bode ; among whom Major Von dem Busche and
Leuchseuring, tutor of the princes, were the most remarkable. They
made the dissemination of the Eclectic Free Masonry a pretence for spread-
partisans and adherents in foreign countries. Bode was the apostle of the
the Netherlands.
Weishaupt permitted Bode to modify the principles of the Order, or
rather, to suppress his, Weishaupt's own peculiar notions taught in the
higher degrees, as too far advanced for North Germany. The Order soon
embraced all classes, and its members consisted at the same time of the
most distinguished men of the higher ranks of life, and the students of the
universities, among whom it took its origin. In Bavaria, too, many of its
Dissensions soon grew up in the bosom of the Order, between the Ba-
varians and those of the Free Masons wnom Knigge had gained for the
Order ; and a dispute between Weishaupt and Knigge respecting the Con-
stitution of the Order and its ceremonies ended, in 1784, in a complete
separation of the North German party, of which those of Prussia were a
part.
Knigge wanted to incorporate into the Order the whole pomp of the
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 149
cute the Order, though one of his ministers, the ablest men in Bavaria,
several of his daily companions, and members of the first families in the
" Necessary Appendix " to the warning. This introduction to the persecu-
tion was managed with Jesuitic cunning, and probably had some connec-
tion with Knigge's prudent secession from the Order in the same year. In
June, 1784, a general ordinance issued, strictly prohibiting all Secret So-
cieties in Bavaria ; but, as there were in the Order some 2,000 men, of the
highest ranks and most distinguished families, their adversaries moved with
deliberation and caution.
March and August, 1785. The Edict of the ist of March was agains
the Free Masons, and was ascribed to the Duchess Clementine, mistress of
Utzschneider. On the 9th of September, 1785, a formal accusatioi
and yet, says Schlosser, from whom we have quoted the whole accoim;
(vol. iv. et seq.), " the views of the Illuminati, in despite of the
pp. 472,
abuses which resulted from the Secret Constitution of the Order, had con-
tributed most materially to introduce and diffuse light into the darkness of
the Middle Ages which prevailed in the benighted countries of Germany "
(P-493)-
Count Seinsheim, Montgelas, Charles Von Dalberg, afterwards Coadju-
tor of Mayence and Prince Primate, and Ernest II., Duke of Gotha, were
10
150 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
under Frederic, the brutal Landgrave of that State, who sold 17,000 of
his subjects to England, to fight and die in the American Colonies, and
emulated the oppressions of Charles, Duite of Wtirtemberg. As a military
man of large scientific knowledge, Mauvillon was favored by Ferdinand of
Brunswick, and there became intimate with Mirabeau, and was marked as
write to him, and the Jesuits of Munich beseeching the authorities of his
city of refuge to drive him away. His friends who visited him were
seized by the Inquisition on their return, for having held Lodges ; and, on
actively engaged in thwarting his efforts, defeating him, finally, and creat-
ing the Germanic League in 1-785.
''
Though far, in other respects, from cherishing the spirit of a spying
and persecuting police, either in his words or actions," says Schlosser (iv.
490), " Frederic had kept a sharp eye upon the Order " (of Illuminati)
"and its proceedings, long before the storm burst upon its head." " The
governments of North Germany," he says again, " showed some indulgence
to the Illuminati, on account of the Free Masons, although the former
members of the Order were everywhere under a species of police superin-
the Lodge in which Franklin acted as Junior Warden when Voltaire was
1759, in 25 degrees.
The Rite of Strict Observance was the third Masonic innovation of the
Scottish Master, Novice and Templar. The Baron Von Hunde (Charles
Gathel) added a seventh, which was kept concealed, styled Eques Professus.
The clerks of the Relaxed Observance {de la late Observance) was cre-
ated by a schism in the Strict Observance. Among other of its chiefs were
the Baron de Raven and the Preacher Starck. There were ten degrees
Light. The tenth was subdivided into five parts ; Knight Novice of the
third year ; Knight Novice of the fifth year ; Knight Novice of the seventh
year ; Knight Levite ; Knight Priest.
The same schism produced the High Observance, in which they dealt
with Alchemy, Magic, etc., and the Uxact Observance, the teachings of
which partook of that of the first two Observances, that had for their
grees, besides the Symbolic ones, i. e., Scottish Apprentice and Compan-
ion ; Scottish Master; Clerk, or Favourite of St. John, a Swedish degree;
degrees only.
when they were persecuted elsewhere ; and it was certainly a wiser policy to.
put himself at the head of all the Masonic Orders, and select a certain
number of degrees out of all the Rites, including none of the degrees of the
Strict Observance above the third, and none of the Illuminati, than to
make war upon, and by persecutions make more dangerous, the Masons in
his Kingdom : and being himself a Mason, it was easy to effect this.
"In this country," Robison says, "we have no conception of the au-
thority of a National Gran J Master. When Prince Ferdinand of Bruns-
wick, by great exertion among the jarring sects in Germany, had got him-
self elected Grand Master of the Strict Observance, it gave serious alarm to
the Emperor, and to all the Princes in Germany ; and contributed greatly
to their connivance at the attempts of the Illuminati to discredit that party.
In the great cities of Germany, the inhabitants paid more respect to the
That Frederic was not favorably disposed towards the higher degrees, or
what were called so, of the Strict Observance and other Rites, is very prob-
md empty affair, not worthy to engage the time and attention of rational
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 153
thrones, or when it seemed that it might become so, and when its off-shoot
elsewhere, they had their circles all over Germany. Francfurt sur le Mein
instructed Mayence, Darmstadt, Nieuwied, Cologne and Weimar. Wei-
mar instructed Cassel, Gottingen, Wetzlar, Brunswick and Gotha. Gotha
carried its light to Erfurt, Leipsic, Halle, Dresden and Dessau. Dessau had
charge of.Torgau, Wittenberg, Mecklenburg and Berlin. Berlin commu-
nicated with Stettin, Breslau, Franckfurt sur 1' Oder ; and Franckfurt sur
1' Oder took care of Koenigsberg and the cities of Prussia. Essai Sur la
solved to govern, and did govern everything. It will be seen that, towards
the last of his life, he had reasons for wishing to control the Masonic
Order.
Frederic's greatest merit in the cause of Germany was in warding off the
last comprehensive plan of the Roman church for the conversion of the
Protestants. He preserved Germany from the attempt of Maria Theresa
to make Catholicism the religion of the Empire. Vehse, Court of Prussia
the bigoted line of the House of Neuberg. The Elector of Saxony had
returned to the fold of the Roman church in 1697, when the crown ot
The Jesuits were spread over Germany, from the Palatinate and Swabia,
through Franconia and the Rhenish Provinces, and extended into West-
phalia, Saxony and Silesia.
Frederic, in 1 749, still allied with France, endeavored to make head against
the Austro-Jesuit movement, with the help of the Courts of the Palatinate
and Cologne.
He secured the Protestant religion in Wurtemberg and Hesse Cassel. It
was owing to him alone that the Elector of Hesse Cassel, William, who
succeeded in 1785, was a Protestant. When, in 1753, the Heir Presump-
tive of the Dukedom of Wurtemberg married the Princess of Brandenburg-
his destruction. The principal motive which actuated Louis XV. in form-
ing this coalition, was a religious one. This the papers of the Duke de
Choiseul prove. His object was to crush Frederic and Protestantism.
The friendship of Frederic for Voltaire, and their long and intimate
correspondence are well known. He had great regard for the other'writers
who were engaged, during the latter part of his hfe, in promulgating liberal
opinions in France, and. consequently he must have approved ot the prin-
ciples taught in the Masonic Lodges, of which men like Helvetius and
the most favorable account. Prussia did not then possess Miinster or IV
sen, portions of the Archbishopric of Treves or Cologne, and had there-
fore nothing to fear from Romish influence, and would otherwise have been
obliged to make large contributions from the public treasury for the pur-
poses of education, of which the Jesuits took charge without pecuniary aid.
was to maintain the Constitution of the German Empire, and check the
ambitious designs of the Court of Austria. 2 Vehse, Court of Anuria,
translated by Demmler, 436.
The Free Masons were, in 1785, numerous enough to make their support
desirable, either to Austria or Prussia. Each sought it.
Vehse says, {Court of Austria, ii. 312, trans, of Demmler,) that Jo-
seph II. put himself at' the head of the Secret Orders, partly from vanity,
and partly for the purpose of using them. The Free Masons and
Illuminati, he says, " were made the tools of his plans for the acquisition of
Bavaria. The Barons Bassus, Costan/a and Knigge, while thinking they
subserved the Order of Free Masonry, were the dupes of Joseph, " until
Frederic opened their eyes."
How did he open their eyes f or, rather, how did he bring the influence
of the Masonry of which these men were the chiefs, over from Joseph II.
Masonry of the higher degrees, and form a scale which reeded all those
one must understand what was the condition of Free Masonry and Illumin-
ism in Germany, and especially in Prussia, in 1 78 5 and 1786.
On the 19th of August, 1773, the celebrated brief of Pope Clement XIV.
was published, which abolished the Order of Jesuits all over the world.
" The abolition of the Order operated precisely in the same manner in
Bavaria and in the other blind countries of the Catholic or rather Eccle-,
siastical States of Germany, as the removal of the Archbishop of Cologne,"
Schlosser says, " a few years ago, — the darkness became thicker than before.
The ex-Jesuits, now become Martyrs, proved more dangerous and perni-
cious in the form of an opposition which creeps into Secret Societies, and as-
sumes a thousand protean forms, than they had previously been as a domi-
nant and envied power. ... It was principally the Jesuits, who, un-
der Leopold and Francis, destroyed all the fruits of Joseph's exertions and
labors in Austria ; and true to the spirit of the casuistry which they had
learned in their Order, they continued to offer a hypocritical homage to
Order, and protected and aided the Jesuits. The Saxon Prince, Clement,
Bishop of Treves and Augsburg, had a Jesuit for Confessor, and was com-
pletely surrounded by the Order; and all its fanatics were collected in
Augsburg and Dillingen, and there railed against Protestants from the pul-
pits. Charles Theodore of the Palatinate allowed the same at Heidelberg
andDusseldorf In Bavaria, the ex-Jesuits continued to be the favorites at
Court, and Frank, the King's Confessor, exercised unlimited powers over
his Sovereign, until his death in 1795.
Of course it was foreseen that the Jesuits would labor assiduously for the
restoration of the Order. The result was, that "a design was entertained
maintenance of what its founders called knowledge and light ; and whose
members therefore were to be distinguished as the Jlluminati." These were
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 1 5;
anxious to prevent the restoration of the Order of Jesus, " and therefore their
struggle for life and death with the Jesuits and Papism, which appears in-
their doctrines are accustomed to do." He very sensibly remarks that the
men, their Orders, and the longing after secret initiations and revelations,
were not the catises, but the effects of a new order of things, that had been
slowly developing itself.
nati, he argues like a prosecuting attorney, and his conclusions do not always
France, was the most zealous and systematic of all the Cosmopolitan Lodges,
Germany. In 1769 and 1770, all the Lodges in Alsace and Lorraine put
von der giden Bach, at Munich, was suppressed by the Elector of Bavaria
in 1786. It had others at Regensburg, Spire and Worms.
When we scrutinize the Constitutions ascribed to Frederic, we find in
that time.
from the first, caused the constitution of new associations, most of which
have nothing whatever in common with the liberal art of Masonry, except the
name, and some forms preserved hy their founders to keep secret their
purposes, —
purposes often exclusive, sometimes dangerous, and almost al-
Free
ways opposed to the traditional principles and sublime doctrines ol
Masonry."
" The well-known dissensions which those new associations excited and
158 A HISTORICAL INQUIRV.
long kept alive in the Order, exposed it to the suspicion and distrust of al-
most all Mmarchs and to the cruel persecutions of some." ....
" Recent and urgent representations which of late have reached us from
every quarter, have satisfied us of the urgent necessity of erecting a strong
harrier against that spirit of intolerance, sectarianism, schism and anarchy,
which late innovators are busily laboring to introduce among the breth-
ing in Free Masonry in Germany, in 1786, the perversion of its forms and
ceremonies to the purposes of the llluminati, and the disturbances and troubles
caused by the latter Order in Bavaria and elsewhere ; as well as the at least
effaced the remembrance of these things, as if they had never been. Starck
and Wcellner, both preachers, and Protestants, of course shared these sen-
timents, in regard both to the Jesuits and llluminati ; and it is not probable
that d' Esterno, a French Nobleman, Minister of the King of France, and
no friend of Mirabeau, was in favor either of the revolutionary plots of
one, or the Papistical machinations of the other.
ter his initiation, "and was never engaged in them afterwards; but kept
himself aloof fr«m every direct participation in them, devoting himself with
almost superhuman exertions, exclusively to the troubles and cares of gov-
ernment, and to the command of his army."
When one is endeavoring to establish or disprove a proposition, by
an argument founded on probabilities, nothing should be invented, to serve
as a make-weight. The last clause of the foregoing sentence avails itself of
vhe supposed fact that Frederic was so exclusively and unremittingly en-
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 1 59
gaged in the matters spoken of, as to have neither time nor inclination to
attend to Masonry, or, in fact, to anything else, to aid the conclusion
supposed to follow from his indifference to Masonry when a few years had
elapsed after his initiation.
But every one knows that Frederic always found time to attend to many
other matters than the cares of government and the command of his army.
After the peace of Teschen, signed on the 1 3th of May, 1 779, he " returned
to Potsdam, and to those peaceful occupations, which continued, without in-
terruption, till his death." Soon after the war ended, the Prince de Ligne
visited him by invitation ; and during his stay, they conversed together
daily, for five hours. " The universality of his conversation," the Prince
says, '•'
completed my enchantment at his powers. The arts, war, medicine,
literature, religion, philosophy, morality, history and legislation passed in
That he paid no attention to Masonry, after a few years had passed from
the time of his initiation, is true. It is true, also, that he considered the
cal, and its ceremonies puerile. In its 3d ground, the Protocol says, " It
does not correspond at all to the manner of thinking and acting of the
Sublime Sovereign, to have occupied himself, near the end of his earthly
career, with things which he had characterized as idle, valueless and play-
work." He had so characterized Masonry in general, not speaking of the
High Degrees ; and a King and General like him was not likely to be much
impressed by the ceremonies, secrets, or learning, of the degrees of Appren-
tice, Fellow and Master.
But when Masonry had widely extended itself in his dominions and over
the neighboring States, and Noblemen, Generals and Statesmen were made
members of the Order, and even Monarchs ; when another Order claim-
ing to be connected with and based upon it, obedient to a single head, and
the principles of civil and religious liberty, revolutionary in its aims, and
desiring to overturn all thrones, and this, too, numbering among its mem-
bers men of the highest rank, the most vigorous intellect and the no-
blest characters, might not Frederic have come to think Free Masonry pow-
;rful and dangerous, and to deem it wise to put himself at the head of the
l6o J.. HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
eye on the Illuminati, Schlosser tells us. The chiefs of Masonry had been.,
principles ; but of what policy would lead him to do. Wherefore the first
quer, or rather destroy the Strict Observance and the Rose Croixes."
When General Count Pappenheim, Governor of Ingoldstadt, and Count
Leinsheim, Minister, and' Vice-President of the Council at Munich, were
of the Illuminati, Secret Orders were no longer unworthy of Frederic's
attention.
Masonry. With that we have all we wish." Many Lodges, among them
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. i6l
Vienna. His great obstacles were the jealousy of the Rose Croixes, and that
of the Brethren of the Strict Observance, and the Philalethes.
governed, gained entrance into the Directories, and fraternized with the Breth-
ren of the Strict Observance. The Master of a Lodge [Discours d' un
Venerable sur le dernier sort de la FranoMafonnerie) lamented this, and
said that it was owing to the labors of Bode, and to the assistance given him
by Knigge. " To the great astonishment," he said, " to the great grief of
all true Brethren, it was by means of Bode and him, that throughout all
Germany, the greatest part of our Lodges were impregnated and infected
letter, anathematized all Brethren who lent themselves to Illuminism ; but the
letter made little impression ; and the chiefs of Illuminism, in their Instruc-
tions for the Degree of Illuminatus Dirigens, said, " Of all the Lodges le-
Barruel says, " A more astounding mystery still, and which would seem
to be beyond the reach of human faith, if the progress of the llluminati did
not explain it, was the inactivity and species of sleep in which the German
Courts remained buried, in the midst of the dangers which that of Bavaria
had made so present and so palpable." Frederic IL had died, when the proofs
against the llluminati were discovered j but the llluminati, Barruel says,
Why did he not ? Those who deny that he concerned himself about
Masonry, must find a reply, if they can. It is undeniable that he was re-
puted, even in America, to be at the head of the high degrees ; and whenever
l62 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
the meaning of the Camp of the 3zd degree, and of its words is discovered,
it will be found, we believe, that they have allusion to him as the repre
sentative of liberal ideas and the acknowledged head and chief of anti-
2d. "In the year 1762, the third Silesian Campaign engaged the whole
attention of the King." [No one has ever claimed that he had any per-
sonal share in enacting the Regulations of 1762, which were in fact made
at Bordeaux in France, by nine Commissioners.] "On the 1st of May,
1786, he resided, a martyr to the gout, decrepit and weary of life, in his
castle of Sans Souci, near Potsdam, not in Berlin. Soon after the 10th of
September, 178;, he went from Berlin to Potsdam, and never returned to
Berlin : and on the 17th of April, 1761, he removed to the castle of Sans
Souci, which he never afterwards left."
3d. " It is therefore a falsehood that King Frederic the Great had con-
voked, on the 1st of May, 1786, in Ms residence at Berlin, a Grand
Council for regulating the high degrees."
Frederic was not troubled with the gout, at ail, in 1786. It had left
him in the fall of 1785. The phrase "decrepit and weary of life," involves
a falsehood, or rather two. He had the dropsy : he could not sleep, except
in a chair : he was feeble of body, could not ride without suffering great
fatigue : but his intellect was as keen, clear, and vigorous and bold as ever. He
could labor in the discharge of his kingly duties, as many hours in the twenty-
four as ever, and the work was as well done as ever. The protocol plainly
means the word " decrepit " to give the impression that he was feeble of
mind as well as body, and not in a condition to pay attention to the mak-
So it means that the phrase " weary of life " shall give the impression
that he no longer took an interest in the affairs of this life. Nothing could be
more false. His interest in every thing that concerned his kingdom, his
The Grand Lodge of the Three Globes could not have been ignorant of
what Frederic's true condition was, during his last illness. To misrepre-
sent it, by the use of words carefully selected for the purpose, was not cred-
after the mode resorted to in small courts ; but it was assuming to decide
authoritatively as a judge, and speaking ex cathedra.
The simple fact relied on in grounds 2d and 3d, and the deduction from
it, are, that Frederic was not at Berlin, after the 17th of April, and so could
not have held a Council at Berlin, on the 1st of May, 1786.
The Constitutions do purport to have been sanctioned and signed by him
at Berlin ; and it is equally true that he was at Potsdam, seventeen miles,
and yet sign and issue them at Washington. Berlin was the capital of
ports to the King. The Treasury was at Berlin, [ThiehauU, Orig. Anecd.
of Frederic the OreaJt, ii. 93; transl. Phila-, 1806). It was natural
enough that the Constitutions should purport to have been sanctioned and
signed at the capital.
When Frederic was about to commence the Seven Years' War, in 1756,
he published his Declaration of Motives, at Berlin ; and it is probable that
most of the public acts of the Government were dated at the same place.
We have not the means of verifying this ; but it is natural to suppose so,
especially as, we repeat, from the time he became King, he always lived at
Potsdam.
This ground is rather a thin one.
4th. " The Documents kept from time to time in the Archives of the
Grand National Mother Lodge, do not show the slightest trace of the above
It is quite. certain that there were bodies of the Higher Degrees and of
164 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
different Rites, at Berlin. During the life-time of Frederic the Great, none
of these were in any way interfered with. But his successor, Frederic Wil-
liam III., was but a little while (some two years) on the throne, when he
followed the example of Bavaria, in persecuting the Illuminati and higher
degrees ; and the latter soon disappeared from Prussia. It would hardly be
deemed very suspicious or strange, if documents concerning a Supreme
tions ; and as the persecution soon followed, it is not strange that no traces
remain in Prussia of the existence of a Supreme Council there.
5th. " Of the persons who are said to have signed those documents, only
Stark and Wcellner are here known ; the others are entirely uknnown,
nowhere mentioned in any of the numerous Masonic hooks or vyritings
collected here."
vi. and xiv. Mirabeau was sent there at the instance of Prince Henry,
second brother of Frederic, who spoke of d'Esterno as " the upright and
worthy Comte d'Esterno," but as not of a character decided or active
enough for the actual circumstances. He wrote to Calonne, Minister of
the King of France, to send some man of a different description, and Calonne
sent Mirabeau ; and Mirabeau complained to Calonne that he was not
well received by d'Esterno.
The signatures not effaced, are D'Esterno, Stark, Wcellner and H.
Willelm, and the initial letter D. . . . We do not find the name of
Willelm in the ^logfrop/lio UniuerseZfe or its Supplement ; but neither do
we find those of the Baron Von Hunde, of Counts Constanza or Costanza
and Savioli, of the Baron Bassus or Batz, or of Payne, Sayer or Anderson.
Starck, the Protocol says, comW not have signed the documents of 1762,
Preacher of the Court there ; and declares, in his Defence against the Accu-
sations of Nicolai and others, published in 1787, that he had had nothing to
do with Masonry since 1777, and had been very indifferent to every thing
:
that had happened among the Free Masons ; so much so, as not to wish to
That he resided at Darmstadt, some 250 or 275 miles from Berlin, did
not make it impossible for him to visit the latter place. The account given
of him in the Biographie UniverseUe is as follows
born at Schwerin, the zpth of October, 1741, was son of the President of
the Consistory of that city. Brought up in the Lutheran faith, he applied
the College of St. Peter at Petersburg, which place he filled with distinc-
he resigned his chair and went to Paris, with recommendations from the
many, where his abjuration not being known, he resumed the exercise of
to teach the Lutheran religion. But in 1781 he accepted the place of first
Consistory,
preacher of the Court of Darmstadt, and that of chief of the
himself exclusively with the duties of his
which he resigned, to occupy
chair. His enemies accused him of being secretly a Catholic, which accu-
sation he did not repel, but his conduct gave color to it.
Starck was held in great consideration at Darmstadt.
To the end he
II
) :
and the charges against himself, published at Francfurt, in the same years.
grapher of Hippel, in the Nekrologie, 1797, Vol. I. 274-5, says that the addi-
tions to St. John's Masonry " found acceptance at Konigsberg, at which place
a Court preacher, Starck, wlu) was one of the most active promoters of the
higher Free Masonry, filled distinguished offices and had many friends."
It is certainly not even improbable that Starck, opposed to Illuminism, and
therefore, perhaps, having become discontented with Masonry, should have
had his love for the Higher Degrees, which he received in France, revive
when Frederic offered (if he did so) to take the Scottish Masonry under
his protection. If he published works in regard to it, and a collection of
Masonic letters, in 1782 and 1785-6, he had certainly not abandoned it.
Wcellner had been elected, in 1775, the Protocol says, alt Schottischer
Obermeister, and held this office until 1791, when he was elected Nation-
al Grand Master. " Nowhere in the archives can be found evidence that
he took an interest in the High Degrees." Two letters, it says, were sent him
by " les PhUalethes chefs legitimes du regime Mafonnique de la respect'
able Loge des Coeurs Beunis, a V Orient de Paris,'" in 1786 and 1787,
in relation to a convention to be held at Paris. He must therefore have
been known in France.as in some manner connected with French Masonry.
This is what the Biographie Uhiversdle informs us about Wcellner
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 167
about Starck.
The fact that names- like thoee above, none of them ministers or favorites
of Frederic, appear upon the Constitutions, and that those of Herzberg,
Le Catt, the Count de Goertz and Mollendorf do not figure there, seems to
ignorant that such a person as d' Esterno was ever known. Why should
the names of Starck and Wollner have been selected, one Court Preacher
at Darmstadt, the other not generally known as possessed of the High
Degrees ? And why that of Willelm, about whom nothing at all can be
discovered ?
The initial D . . may be that of the name of Denina, who had become
known to Frederic as the author of the History of the Revolutions of Italy,
and whom Frederic, in consequence of the merit of that work, had engaged
in his service, and sent for him from Turin. He appears to have been a man
of labor and instruction, but of moderate abilities. He published, sub-
sequently, two or three works upon the subject of the reign of Frederic, the
Berlin, except d' Esterno, a Frenchman ; and that two of them did not
reside even in the kingdom, proves it almost impossible that the Constitu-
tions could have been forged anywhere, after the French Revoluiion, and
very improbable that they were forged at all. What forger would have
selected these names ? If they are genuine, it proves that the Supreme
Council was not a Prussian but a European body ; and that a forger would
never have thought of
most of them ; and we are told by the Charleston people, in a note ap-
pended to the document, that this imperfection is owing to the effects of
attrition and sea-water, to the action of which it has been frequently ex-
posed." Doctor Folger, 33d, is not told so by "the Charleston people,"
at all. The note is appended in the copy published in France, in 1834,
'certified by Lafayette and others to be a true copy of the original, act-
ually compared by them. " The Charleston people " are or were, probably,
not respectable enough to be entitled to decent words from Dr. Folger
but we incline to think that the word of the good Marquis de Lafayette
will weigh as heavy as his. Of the ignorance of history which makes the
learned Doctor say that Frederic " died in the month of May, 1786, at
the very time when he was said to be at work at these Institutes;" and that
" for full eleven months before his death he was powerless, and a part of
the time insensible, having suffered from paralysis,"— of loose and auda-
ciously incorrect statements like these, we need say nothing. Before
undertaking to write " history," Dr. Folger would have done well to read
some books on the subject about which he proposed to treat, and not have
resorted to the easier plan of saying what nobody else had ever said, and so
Dr. Folger thinks the Constitutions forged because the Latin is bad.
We do not see why forged Latin should necessarily be bad, or bad Latin
be necessarily forged.
One specimen of his criticism will sufBce :
there could be no reason for not correcting them. Whoever wrote the Con-
stitutions, it is very evident from the general style, that he knew by far too
much of the Latin grammar to make such blunders ignorantly, even if the
The criticisms upon the efFacement of part of the signatures, and upon
the reason assigned for it, are answered by the simple statement that a
effaced, and that they saw and examined the originals. If Dr. Folger does
not believe them, and does believe that they lied, wilfully and deliberately,
it is his right, we suppose. But we think that he is the first man, living or
It would be time and labor very poorly expended to go over and expose all
Masonry itself, in its present form, late in the 17th or early in the 18th
the Rite of Perfection because its founders are wholly unknown, as the
date of its origin is, it would amount to very little ; but it would
amount to just as much as his railing against the founders of the Supreme
Council at Charleston.
" The suicide of the soul is to think evil."
CONCLUSIONS.
We think we may safely say that the charge that the Grand Constitu-
And, secondly, that it is not by any means proven or certain that the
Constitutions were not really made at Berlin, as they purport to have been,
not genuine and authentic. In law, documents of great age, found in the
Emperors of the East and West." Their Rite seems in the beginning to
have consisted of twenty-five degrees ; at least, all the writers who speak of
its original scale, assign to it that number.*
The rite established (or adopted) by this chapter or council, consisting
of twenty-five degrees, has ordinarily been known as the Rite of Perfection,
or of Heredom.f
In 1759 the Council of Emperors of the East and West is said to have
established a Council of Princes of the Royal Secret at Bordeaux.t
In 1761 Lacorne, enraged because the Grand Ladge refused to act with
him in his character of Deputy or Substitute-General of the Grand Master,
and its members to sit with him, set up a new Grand Lodge.
Both Grand
Lodges granted charters, and the Council of Emperors constituted lodges
lind chapters at Paris and throughout France.§
In the midst of this confusion, Etienne (or Stephen) Morin was com-
missioned — some writers say by the Council of Emperors, and others by the
Grand Lodge. Ragon says, by the Grand Lodge of Lacorne,\
The patent to Etienne Morin, which all the writers agree, and the copies
extant show, was granted on the 27th of August, 1761, runs as follows:
"At the Grand Orient of France, and by the good pleasure of His Most
Serene Highness, and the thrice Illustrious Brother, Bourbon, Comte de
Clermont, Prince of the Blood, Grand Master and Protector of all the
Regular Lodges. At the Orient of a place well lighted, where peace, si-
lence and harmony reign. Anno Lucis, 5761, and according to the vulgar
style, the z7th August, 1761.
* Levesque, Aperfu 56. ' Thory, Acta Lat. 74. Vidal Fezandie, Essai Hist.
145. Eagon, Orthod. Ma?. 48, 49, 129. Clavel, Hist. Pitt. 167. Besuchet, i
Precis Hist. 37. Rebold, Hist. G^n. 136. f Ragon, Orthod. Maf. 129.
I
Thory, i Acta Lat. 78. Ragon, Orthod. Mag 131, Clavel, Hist. Pitt. 206,
say from the Council of Emperors. The Advocates of the Grand Orient, in its
controversies with the Supreme Council of France, say, from the Grand Lodge.
See, for example, I'Arche Sainte, 49, The patent speaks for itself.
1/2 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
Wardens and Officers of the Grand and Sovereign Lodge of St. John of
Jerusalem, established at the Orient of Paris; and we, Perfect Grand
Masters of the Grand Co'incil of the regular lodges under the protection of
the Grand and Sovereign Lodge, by the sacred and mysterious numbers,
and princes spread over the two hennispheres, that we being assembled by
order of the Deputy-General President of the Grand Council, a petition
communicated to us by the respectable Bro.'. Lacorne, Deputy of our
Morin, Grand Elect, Perfect and Sublime Ancient Master, Knight and
Sublime Prince of all the Orders of the Sublime Masonry of Perfection,
Member of the Royal Lodge de la Triniti, etc., being about to sail for
America, and desiring to be able to work under legal authority for the ad-
vancement and increase of the Royal Art in all its perfection, prays that it
will please the Grand Council and Grand Lodge to grant him letters-patent
eminent qualities of the very dear Bro.'. Etienne Morin, we have unhesi-
tatingly granted him this slight satisfaction for the services that he has al-
ways done to the Order, and whereof his zeal guarantees to us the contin-
uance.
" For these causes, and for other good and sufficient reasons, applauding
and encouraging the very dear Bro.'. Etienne Morin in his designs, anC
wishing to give him testimonials of our gratitude, we have, by unanimous
grees ; to take care that the statutes and general regulations of the Grand
and Sovereign Lodge in particular, be kept and observed ; and never to
admit therein any but the true and legitimate brethren of Sublime Masonry.
" To regulate and govern all the members who shall compose the Said
Lodge which he may establish in the four quarters of the globe, where he
shall arrive or may remain, under the title of ' Lodge of St. John,' surnam-
ed '
Perfed. Harmony ; '
giving him power to select such officers to aid
;
him in governing his lodge, as he shall think proper, whom we command and
enjoin to obey and respect him. We order and command all masters of
regular lodges, of whatever rank they may be, spread over the surface of
the earth and sea, we pray them and enjoin upon them, in .the name of the
Royal Order, and in presence of our Th.-. 111.-. Grand Master, to recognize
as we do, our very dear Brother Etienne Morin, in his character of our Gr.".
Inspector, in all pans of the New World, appointed to enforce the observ-
ance of our laws, and as Resp.'. Master of the Lodge la Parfaite Harmo-
nie ; and we do by these presents constitute our very dear Brother Etienne
Morin, our Grand Master Inspector, and do authorize and empower him
to establish in every part of the world the Perfect and Sublime Masonry,
etc., etc., etc.
" Consequently, we pray all our brethren in general to give to our said
Brother, Etienne Morin, such aid and assistance as shall be in their power
requiring them to do likewise towards all the brethren who shall be mem-
bers of his Lodge, and towards those whom he has admitted and constituted,
and shall hereafter admit and constitute in the Sublime Degrees of High
Perfection, whom we give him full and entire power to multiply, and to
create Inspectors in all places where the Sublime Degrees are not establish-
Paris, the year of The Light, 5761, and, according to the vulgar Era, tht
etc., etc. . . . The Bro.". Prince De Rohan, Master of the Grand Lodge
Grand Elect Perfect Knight, Sublime Prince Mason, etc., etc., etc. . . .
Maximilien de St. Simeon, Sen.'. Warden, Gr.* El.*. Perf.". Kt.'. and Pr.".
174 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
des Enfatis de la Gloire, Grand Elect Perfect Master, Knight and Prince
Mason, etc. . . . Boucher de Lenoncourt, Ven.-. Master of the Lodge
de la Vertu, Grand Elect Perfect Master, Kt.-. Pr.-. Mason, etc. . . .
Lodge also signed, Daubantin, Gr.-. El.-. Perf.-. Mason, Kt.-. Pr.-. Mason,
Ven.-. of the Lodge Saint Alphonse, Gr.-. Secretary of the Gr.'. Lodge
and Sublime Council of the Princes Masons in France."
thenticated by the seal of the Sublime Grand Council of Princes of the Royal
be copied by him from the Register of the Bro.-. Hyman Isaac Long,
is the oldest extant of which' we have any knowledge ; and, as may be seen,
And it is positively asserted by Vidal Fezandie, Clavel and others, that the
Grand Lodge of France never did know any other than the symbolic
degrees.^
The patent to 111.-. Bro.'. Morin, on its face, emanated from the Depu-
ties-General of the Grand Master, the " Grand Sovereign Lodge of St. John
of Jerusalem," through its Wardens and Officers ; and the " Grand Council
of the Regular Lodges under the protection of the Grand and Sovereign
Lodge," by its Perfect Grand Masters.
Now, we still have remaining " the statutes agreed by the Honorable
Lodge of St. John of Jerusalem, of the Orient of
by the Paris, governed
Very High and Very Mighty Lord Louis de Bourbon, Count de Clermont,
Prince of the Blood, Grand Master of all the regular Lodges of France, to
serve as rules for all those of the kingdom." Articles xxiii and xlii provid-
ed for the supremacy of the Scottish Degrees ; the former securing to those
who possessed them the right of sitting covered in lodge ; and the latter
appointing them " Superintendents and Inspectors of the Work ;" " for,"
says the latter, " they alone are permitted to censure any errors in the work.
They have the right of speaking at any time, and of being always armed
and covered ; and if they fall into error, can be reprimanded by Scottish
Masons only." These regulations were sealed with the mysterious seal of
the Scottish lodge or grade, in red wax, with golden and azure threads.
Kloss (vol. i., p. 83) thinks that they show that "the Grand Lodge of
''
France did recognize the Scottish degrees, although it had shortly before
assigned to the sixty Masters and Wardens, as a reason for making new
regulations, the necessity of avoiding these degrees.*
It is to be noticed, in connection with this, that there is some confusion
of dates. All the writers give the year 1 762 as the date of the revocation by
the Grand Master, Count de Clermont, of the powers of Lacorne, and the
appointment of Chaillon de Joinville (or de Jonville) as his General Dep-
uty ; and they all say that the revocation of the powers of one was con-
cert. The writers say also that in 1762, on the 24th of June, after de
Joinville was appointed, negotiations were set on foot, and the old Grand
Lodge and that of Lacorne were united, and new regulations made.j
f Thory, i Acta Lat. 79. Boub^e, Etudes sur la F. Mafonnerie, loi. Le-
vesque, 57. Rebold, 164. Besuchet, Precis Hist, par J. C. B., vol. 1, pp. 41,
t2. Ragon, Orthod. Maf. 50.
;;
The most probable solution of the matter is, that the patent to Mirin
was issued in 1762, or that de Joinville was appointed, and the two Grand
Lodges united, in 1761 ; at any rate, that the patent was granted after this
union. If it had been granted before, while Lacorne was going on with
his new Grand Lodge, and after his powers were revoked, how could de Join-
ville have united with him in granting the patent, and recognized him as
Deputy of the Grand Master ? And the regulations cited by Kloss, were
either those of the Lacorne Grand Lodge, or of the united Grand Lodge
and in all probability the recognition of the superiority of the Scottish de-
grees was one condition of the Union ; for Chaillon de Joinville himself
" Sublime Prince of the Royal ;"
claims in the patent the rank of Secret
and he does not entitle himself " Grand Inspector," as those below him in
rank do.
The authority to Morin was, it seems, a joint authority, given by both
bodies and the Deputies-General of the Grand Master ; the Grand Lodge
giving him power to establish a symbolic lodge, and making him a kind of Dep-
uty Grand Master for America, and the Grand Council giving him power
to confer the higher degrees, and the rank of Inspector over all bodies of
Council of Emperors of East and West of Paris, and from the Council of
Princes of the Royal Secret at Bordeaux, met at the latter place, and set-
Wherever and whenever made, the testimony of all the writers is unani-
mous, that these Constitutions became as early as 1762, the law of the Rite
of Perfection.* That Brother Morin accepted them as such, is clear j
Before tracing the progress of this Rite in America, let us briefly refer
to certain important events that occurred in France prior to the year 1801.
The reconcilation between the two Grand Lodges was not sincere ; the
members of the old Grand Lodge, forced to admit the low men who were
of the party of Lacorne to sit among them, did so with reluctance, and de-
1765, not one of that faction was elected. Enraged at that, they did not
appear at the feast of the Order, on the 24th of June, but withdrew from
the Grand Lodge, and published defamatory libels against it, protesting
against the recent elections.
On the 5th of April, 1766, the Grand Lodge expelled the authors of
these libels, and renewed the decree of expulsion on the 14th of May.t.
* Thory, i Acta Lat. 79. Boubee, loi. Rebold, 164. Levesque, 57. Be-
suchet, I. Precis Hist. 41, 42. Ragon, Orthod. Mac. 50.
On the 1 4th of August pf that year, troubled on every side by the pre.
tensions of the councils, chapters and colleges of the high degrees that were
constituting Lodges in Paris and throughout France, distributing circulars
and embarrassing the Grand Lodge, it issued a decree suppressing all their
Constitutions, and interdicting the Lodges fronn regarding or recognizing
them, under pain of being declared irregular and erased from the rolls.
This decree created new divisions in the French Lodges. The Councils
of the high degrees persisted, and continued to send out circulars and
instructions.*
until they came to blows. The scandal thus caused was so great, that the
government was constrained as a measure of prudence, to intervene, in order
to end the strife and prevent the recurrence of scenes so disgraceful ; and
on the next day, the Minister ordered all Masonic labors to cease.J
The Grand Lodge met no more until 1771 j but the Lacorne faction
continued to meet and work, and to use the title of " Grand Lodge of
France."! I" *e beginning of 1768, they applied to the Grand Lodge of
England for a regular correspondence with it, and received from it a book
of Constitutions, etc,|| In 1 769 they were granting charters as a Gr.". Lodge.^
§ Thory, i Acta Lat. 90. Hist, de la Fond, du G.-. O.-. de France, 23. Clavel,
Hist. Pitt. 229.
II
Preston, lUustr. ed. of 1786, p. 292. Thory, i Acta Lat. 92.
IT Levesque, 6a. 2 Thory, Acta Lat. 95. Besuchet, i Precis Hist. 45. Cla-
vel, Hist. Pitt. 229.
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. I/f
In 1771, the Comte de Clermont died, and the faction Lacorne offeree,
labors. The factionists appeared among them, fortified with the acceptance
of the Grand Mastership by the Duke de Chartres, who had appointed the
Duke de Luxembourg his Deputy. This they refused to transfer, except
on condition that the decree against them should be repealed, and every-
thing done in their absence from the Grand Lodge revised. The Grand
Lodge acceded to their demands, repealed the decree of expulsion, and
elected the Duke de Chartres Grand Master. Then those who had
been expelled recriminated anew, charging on the Grand Lodge embezzle-
ment and extortion ; and on their demand a committee of eight members
was appointed to report a plan for remedying the evils that afflicted French
Freemasonry.|'
The act of acceptance of the Grand Mastership, by the Duke de Char-
tres, throws so much light on the connection between the Grand Lodge of
France and the Council of Emperors of the East and West, that we subjoin
it entire.
" In the year of the Great Light, 1772, on the 3d day of the month Ijar,
or the 5th day of the second month of the Masonic year 5772, and of
the birth of the Messiah the 5th day of April, 1772, by virtue of the procla-
mation made in open Grand Lodge on the 24th day of the 4th March of the
Masenic year 5771, of the Most High, Most Mighty and Most Excellent
Prince, His Most Serene Highness, Louis Philippe Joseph d' Orleans, Due
de Chartres and Prince of the Blood, to be Grand. Master of all the regu-
lar lodges of France ; and the like proclamation by the Sovereign Council
of Emperors of the East and West, Sublime Scottish Mother-Lodge,
on the 26th day of the month Elul, 5771 (of the same prince), to be Sov-
ereign Grand Master of all the Scottish Councils, Chapters and Lodges of
the Grand Globe of France; office;s which his Most Serene Highness has
been pleased to accept, for his love of the Royal Art, and to unite all Ma-
f Levesque, 63, 64. Thoiy, i Acta Lat. g8. Boubee, 10 1. L'Arche Sainte.
46. Bescuchet, i Precis Hist. 45, 46, 47. Ragon, Orthod. Maf. 56-64. Clavel
Hist. Pitt. 230.
— —
sonic laborers under a single authority. In faith whereof, his Most Serene
Highness has signed the present instrument of acceptance.
*' Invested by his late Most Serene Highness, the Th.\ Resp.". and Th.'.
111.-. Bro.-. Count de Clermont, Gr.-. Master of all the regular lodges ol
France, with the whole plenitude of his power, not only to rule and ad-
minister the whole Order, but for a still more brilliant office, that of initiat-
ing into our mysteries the Th,'. Resp.-. and Th.'. 111.'. Bro.*. Louis-Philippe
lodges, that they may share in this great event, and unite with us in what-
Signed, Montmorenci-Luxembourg.
" Par Monseigneur :
' Signed, d'Atessen."!
following declaration :
" The Most Respectable Grand Lodge of France, having made known
to us its disquiet at our acceptance of the Presidency of certain bodies, we
hasten to quiet its apprehensions by this present declaration :
"For which causes, and in view of the resolution of the Most Respecta-
ble and Sov.-. Gr.v Lodge, on the 29th of August last, and having heard
the Ven.'. Brethren, commissioners and delegates,
its in regard to the mo
tives for that resolution and desiring to quiet the apprehensions enter-
;
tained by the said Most Resp.-. and Sov.-. Grand Lodge on the score of
the inconveniences which it apprehends may result from the acceptance by
us, heretofore or hereafter, of the presidency of any Masonic bodies, other
than the Most
Resp.-. and Sov.-. Or.-. Lodge.
" We
do declare that we do not recognize, nor do we mean to recog-
nize any body whatever, as independent of the Most Resp.-. and Sov.-.
Or.-. Lodge, with which is now united the sublime body of Emperors of
the East and West, Sublime Mother-Lodge Ecossaise, the two forming but
one and the same body, and uniting in itself the plenitude of the Masonic
knowledge and legislative power of the Order.
" We moreover declare, that in accepting the aforesaid presidencies,
we did not intend to confer upon, or recognize in, these particular bodies,
degrees, which the Grand Lodge had denounced, and who had united with
the Lacorne faction, demanded to be recognized, offering to make the Due
de Chartres Grand Master General of the high degrees, so ti at there
should thenceforward be but one chief for the whole of French Masonry.
The Duke of Luxembourg, who presided, supported this claim; and the
assembly, influenced by him, decreed the recognition of the dissident bodies,
and proclaimed the Due de Chartres, Sov.-. Gr.-. Master of all the Scottish'
Councils, Chapters and Lodges of France.
* Besuchet, i Precis Hist. 50. f Hist. Pitt. 230. Tliory, Fond, du G.-. O.'. 15.
12
1 82 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
head, invited many Masters and deputies of Lodges to join them, held meet
ings, and entertained and discussed a project for a new organization. Some
protested against the irregularity of all this, and were ex^^led from their
meetings; and on. the Z4th of December, 1772, having arranged the de-
tails of the new organization, they issued a manifesto declaring the Grand
Lodge of France dissolved, and replaced by a new national Grand Lodge,
under the title of the " Grand Orient of France." They recognized the
Ragon says that the Grand Lodge with which the Sovereign Council
was united in 1772, was the Lacorne faction.-)-
certain MSS., registers, and other documents, remaining among the archives
of the Supreme Council of Sov.". Inspectors-General of the thirty-third de-
gree at Charleston, and of the Grand Lodge of Louisiana. We append a
Aveilhe, Deputy Gr.-. insp.*. Gen.'., for the 111.'. Bro.'. Pierre Dupont
Delorme, Deputy Gr.'. Insp.'. Gen.'., at Port au Prince, Island of Santo
Domingo, in December, 1797.
* Besuchet, ub. sup. et. seq. Ragon, Orthod. Maf. 56-64. Clavel, His'
Pitt. 230. Thory, i Acta Lat. 102. Levesque, 64, 65. L'Arche Sainte, 46.
Boub^e, 102,103. Rebold, Hist. Gen. 164, 165. Vidal-Fezandie, Essai, 156.
The Baron de Marguerittes, on the trial of the Bro.'. de Grasse-Tilly, in 1818
pamph. 54. L'Encyc. Mac. vol. iii. pp. 273-284. Thory, Fond, du G -. O.'. 33.
Bto.'. Pierre Dupont Delorme, and some by the 111.'. Bro.\ John Mitchell,
and which appears to have belonged to the 111.". Bro.'. Moses Holbrook.
And the fourth is the Cahier of a degree of" Grand Commander of the
Temple," followed by copies of patents of the degree granted to diiFerent
brethren from the 21st of December, 1798, to the 22d of July, 1808,
most of them certified by the 111.'. Bro.'. Louis Claude Henri de Montmain.
And the principal MSS. in the archives of the M.-. W.-. Grand Lodge
of the State of Louisiana, is the Register made out by the 111.-. Bro.-. An-
toine Bideaud, Sov.-. Gr.". Insp.". Gen."., at Santiago de Cuba, in January,
1806, for the 111.-. Bro.-. Jean Baptiste Villadieu, Sov.-. Prince of all the.
July, August and September, 1802, issued by the 111.-. Bro.-. Count de
Grasse, as Sov.-. Gr.-. Insp.-. General, and by the Supreme Council estab-
lished by him at that place for the Windward and Leeward French islands.
The rank and office of Deputy Grand Inspector assumed gradually more
and more importance, in the estimation of its possessors, in a country so re-
mote from the governing power as America then was, and where necessarily
so much latitude was left to discretion. We find them after a time calling
themselves " Deputy Grand Inspectors General," and treating that official
1762, in the Becueil des Actes du Supreme Conseil de France, are In-
ent heads, " extracted from the collections of constitutional Balusters," and
all of unknown origin and date ; the '•
General Regulations " being simply
dated the 2Sth day of the 2d month, Ijar, of the year of the world, 5732,
and signed " Adington, Orand Chancellor ;" and the " Instructions," the
last of all, dating in the caption of the copy "at the O.-. of the world, un-
der the C.-. C.-., etc., 17° 58', south, under the sign of Capricorn, the
9th day of the second month, named Ijar, 5081 ; by order of the Grand
Sovereign Consistory of the Metropolitan Princes of Heredom, to be trans-
8°
mitted to the Grand Deputy of the Grand Consistory established at 1 47'
N.*. Lat.-.;" 'and signed "Adington, Chancellor ;" and at the end signed
t 17° 58' is the latitude of Kingston, in tlie Island of Jamaica, and 18° 47'
1 84 A HISTORICAI, INQUIRY.
that the Governing Body is called " The Grand Consistory j" and Article
3d, that Grand Inspectors-General and Presidents of the Grand Councils
of the Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret, are members of right [nes] of
the Grand Consistory ; and the first article of the " Instructions," which
are probably the latest, provides that in any country where there is no
Grand Consistory or Grand Council of Princes of the Royal Secret,
vided for, his decisions have the force of law, and are final in his jurisdic-
tion J that other Inspectors-General and Princes must report to the " Sov-
ereign ;
" that a Supreme Council oi Gr.". Insp.'.-Gen.'., or Gr.". Council
It required but little more to make their office a new degree, and to invest
dates, by which the powers of Stephen Morin were transferred, and succes-
all parts of the new world, gave the degree of Grand Deputy Inspector-
General, etc., etc., etc , to the Brother Francken, at Jamaica; at what date
we do not find :
of Princes of the Royal Secret, N. Lat. i7°4z', the nth day of the nth
month, called Thebat, of the Restoration, S5S4i ^nd of the Vulgar Era,
nth January, 1794, which is an evident error of the copyist, for i79S.]t
On the izth of November, 1796, the Bro.". Hyman Isaac Long, " Dep-
uty Grand Inspector-General and Prince Mason," granted his several let-
the service of the United States of America ;" " to Jean Baptiste Marie
Delahogue, of Paris in France, Councillor in the Supreme Court of
Cap Frangais ;" Pierre Croze Magnan, Dominique Saint Paul, Alexis
Claude Robin, Remy Victor Petit, and Jean Abraham Marie, creating each
of them " Patriarch Noachite and Sovereign Knight of the Sun and H. S.,
blank of all, and several copies in full of those to de Grasse and Dela-
*)f al the others, as well as by that of the Bro.'. Long; and there are also
other names on the patents of Deldhogue and De Grasse, viz.: P.G JV.
the island of Jamaica, at its session of the loth day of the 6th month, 7797,
according to advices received from it by the Grand Sublime Council at the
Orient of Charleston, South Carolina, and deposited in the archives the 7th
day of the month called Tammuz, 5558, the zist June, 1798, of the Vul-
gar Era. This is dated "Charleston, l6th February, 1802," and signed
"Alex. F'ois. Auguste de Grasse, Minister of State, Gr.-. Dep.-. Insp.-.
Gen.-, and P.-. M.-., etc.," and certified as a true copy of the original by
Council of the Princes of the Royal Secret," at Charleston, on the 13th day
of the eleventh month of the Masonic year, 7796, that is, the 13th of Jan-
uary, 1797, which was approved and confirmed by the Grand Council of
Sub.-. Princes of the R.-. S.-. at Kingston, Jamaica, on the 10th of August,
1797-11
On the 2d of April, 1795, as we have mentioned, the Bro.-. Barend
Moses Spitzer granted to Bro.-. John Mitchell, Esquire, native of Ireland,
Claude Henri de Montmain the degree and patent of " Grand Commander
of the Temple Mason."§
On the 10th of August, 1 799, he was one of the founders of the Lodge la
Reunion Francaise, at Charleston, which was on that day installed, under
a charter from " the Grand Mother-Lodge of Ancient York Masons of the
f Tableau for 1802 of the Lodge and Chapter des Sept Freres Reunis, at Cap.
Francais.
Dec, 1796.
If Tableau for
1806 of same Lodge.
** Tableau for 1804 of Lodge la Candeur, at Charleston.
1 88 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
member.f
On the 1 2th of November, 1 796, as we have seen, he received his pat-
On the Z4th of May, 1801, the Bro.-. John Mitchell, "K. H. P. R. S.,
were destroyed by fire, and the labors of the Lodge were virtually suspended
until July, i8oi.||
On the izth of May, 1788, the by-laws and regulations of the Grand
Council of Princes of Jerusalem were ratified at Charleston.^ That body
was established on the zoth of February, 1788, by the Bro.'. Joseph Myers,
appointed Deputy Inspector for South Carolina, by the Bro.'. Hayes, Bar-
end M. Spitzer, Deputy Inspector for Georgia, and Bro.'. Forst, Deputy
Inspector for Virginia.**
Most Puissant Council of the Valiant Prince s and Sublime Masons of the Royal
Secret," at Kingston, Jamaica, addressed to the Grand Council at Charles-
ton — one on the loth of August, 1797, and the other on the 26th of De-
cember, 1 798. By them the Council at Kingston ratified the acts of the Bro.*-
Long, as Deputy Inspector, and the creation of the Grand Council at
Charleston ; but, they first strongly censured that body for some of its acts ; re-
quired its sovereign and officers to take an oath that they would never there-
after, under any pretext, make at Charleston any Grand Deputy Inspectors
without the consent of the Sov.\ Sub.-. Council atKingston, " under the penal-
ty of being quashed and adjudged rebels and perjurers ;
" and said " We
hope to see proofs of its submission to the orders of our Sovereign Council
and Sublime Orient of Kingston, and greater regularity in its work." The
Council at Charleston subiiiitted, and, by the second decretal, that at
Kingston expressed itself highly satisfied with its truly Masonic course, and
the regularity of its proceedings.*
We have been able to learn nothing further in regard to the establish-
ment of Scottish Masonry in South Carolina, prior to the year 1801. Up
to that year, the highest degree known in America, either in the United
States or the West Indies, was, so far as we can learn, that of Sublime
Prince of the Royal Secret, rituals of which, as the twenty-fifth and last
advent.
the high honors of Masonry, by the Bros.". John Mitchell and Frederick
Dalcho, Sovereign Grand Injectors-General ; and, in the course of the
I go A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
ferred on a supreme council of nine brethren in each nation, who possess all
the Masonic prerogatives in their own district, that His Majesty individu-
same as those of the Rite of Perfection ; the eighteenth being the Rose
29. K. H.
30. 31, 32. Prince of the Royal Secret ; Princes of Masons.
Charleston, granted a warrant for " A Grand Elect Perfect and Sublime
And the Annual Register for i8oz, of the Sublime Grand Lodge of Per-
fection and other bodies in Charleston, gives the list of members of the
Supreme Council as follows :
Grasse went from Charleston to Santo Domingo, and that he ever establish,
ty Inspector. Still, it is possible that that may in reality have been done
at Charleston.
In the latter part of February and early part of March, 1802, the negro
forces of Toussaint, in Santo Domingo, were beaten by the French troops
under Le Clerc, and forced to retreat into the mountains, leaving the ports
and sea-coast in possession of the French. The Cape had been taken on
the 4th of February by Hardy and Rochambeau, and, in the same month.
Port au Prince and all the southern portion of the island was also recon-
quered by Boudet and Latouche ; and early in May all the rebels had sub-
mitted, and the pacification was complete. Foreign ships began to frequent
the harbors, and commerce to give an air of returning prosperity to the
scene of desolation.'j"
The survivors of those who had fled to different countries at the com-
mencement of the rebellion in 1791, and during its progress, returned in
great numbers during the spring and summer of j8o2 ; and, among them,
several of those who had settled in Charleston, South Carolina, and Ports-
mouth, Virginia, in each of which places they had established lodges.
Among others, De Grasse and Delahogue repaired to Santo Domingo, and
organized at the Cape a Supreme Council.
For late in 1802, De Grasse was borne on the annual Register of the
Sublime Grand Lodge of Perfection of South Carolina, as an honorary
member, and its representative in and to the Sublime Grand Lodge in Sar
Domingo.
On the 24th of June, 1802, he was Senior Warden of the Lodge and Sen.*.
Gr.*. Warden of the Chapter des Sept Frires Reunis, that day established
at the Orient of Cap Frangais, in San Domingo ; and tiie tableaux of those
bodies for that year in my possession are signed by him as Senior and
,ubmission in writing.f
patent of that date, made him their Grand Representative for the West
India islands.J
General, "from the Orient of the Grand Supreme Council of the Most
19°
Puissant Sovereign Grand Inspectors-General under, etc., answering to
46', north latitude;" signed by the Bros.-. De Grasse (as Sov.-. Grand
Commander), Delahogue (as Lt. Grand Commander), and Jean -Louis
ruary, 1S03.
.
, Gr. Captain of the Guards.
* Tableaux of the Lodge and Chapter, des Sept Frires Riunis, 1802.
Register, MSS. in Gr."
f Patent to Bro.-. Bideaud, and his submission, in his
Lodge of Louisiana.
Bro.-. Bideaud.
% Patent in Register of
§ Patent in the Register of Bro.-. Bideaud.
194 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
Pierre Gervais Nicolas Toutain, Sov. Grand Insp. General.
In October, 1802, the negroes again revolted, and in October, 1803, the
French rule in the islands was ended. The insurgents were successful from
the beginning, and had virtually conquered the island in Februry, 1803.*
The French residents of the island were compelled to take refuge else
where; and, among others, the Count de Grasse and the Bros.'. Delahogue,
Toutain, Croze-Magnan, Armand Caignet, Hannecart Antoine and Robert
" The hand of time," the Grand Orient said, in its circular of 31st of
July, 1819, "had now [in 1804] effaced in France the remembrance of
these degrees, which had gone out from its own bosom ; even of some that
were exclusively French; so that they were brought back there as strangers,
rived at Paris; who stands on the Tableau for 1801 of the Lodge Reunion des
Coeurs, of the Ancient Constitution of York, at Port Republicain [the new
name of Port au Prince], in Santo Domingo, thus :
" Venerable, Germain
Hacquet, notary public, born at Paris, aged 40 years, R.\ A.". R.*. C.'.
P.". of the R.". S.'. and Dep.". Gr. •. Insp.'.'' He was at the same time an
honorary member of the Lodge Des Freres Reunis, at Cap Frangais, of the
Ancient Constitution of York, working under a charter from the Grand
Lodge of Pennsylvania.J
Vassal says that he arrived at Paris early in 1 804, with a patent of Grand
Inspector-General, granted him in New York, and a second patent, a?
Metropolitan Deputy Grand Master of Heredom.§
With these powers, Vassal says, he established a Council of the High
Scottish Degrees — first, in the several bodies of la Triple Unite, and, sec
ond, in those of the Phoenix, at the Orient of Paris ; and afterwards con-
stituted, in the bosom of the Phoenix, a Grand Consistory, as the governing
body of the Scottish Rite of Heredom, with the title of Grand Consistory
of that Rite for France.
Ragon says* that the Bro.'. Hacquet practiced the Ancient and Accept
ed Scottish Rite, in 1803, in the. Lodge des Sept Ecossais at Paris; and was
adroit enough, the following year, to induce the Grand Orient to accept
On the Z2d of September, 1804, the Bro.'. Count de Grasee, in his ca-
It is beyond all question that the Grand Constitutions of 1786 were not
made at Charleston. The 111.-. Bros.-. Colonel Mitchell, Dr. Auld, Dr,
Dalcho and Dr. Moultrie were very far above any suspicion of that
sort, so far, that men like Clavel and Ragon, and others who would be
unknown as earth-worms, if not Masons, are too short-sighted even to see
them. The gentlemen of South Carolina, in that day, did not commit for-
gery. Whatever the origin of the Grand Constitutions, they came from
Europe to Charleston; and were accepted and received by the honorable
gentlemen and clergymen who were of the first Supreme Council, in perfect
good faith. The scurrilous ribalds who have spoken of them as mercenary Jews
could not comprehend what manner of men these noble gentlemen were.
erty ; he was a man fond of literature and of literary men, and had gathered
quite a valuable collection of books, chiefly connected with Hebrew and
Eastern lore ; a number of these were lost or destroyed by a fire in Charleston
sometime about 1838. Mr. Levy was very much respected in the com-
munity. The manuscript must fill what else I have been enabled to learn.
the brief allusion to him in the manuscript. There are several families
here of that name, but none have been able to tell anything, nor in fact
know of any connection with him. So far as I could learn from the mem-
ories of the older inhabitants, Mr. Alexander was not of Israelitish extraction.
me that the tradition among the Hebrews, is that, although a married man,
he left no children.
Francis B. Bowen, I can learn nothing of at all. No one whom I have
asked has any recollection of him. Even Mr. Jacob C. Levy could not
recall him to memory.
Dr. James Moultrie, was a South Carolinian by birth, and of Scottish
descent. He was a near kinsman of Genl. William Moultrie of the Revo-
lutionary War, and was a practicing physician of repute and standing. He
died on the zoth November, 1836, at the age of 70 years and z months.
He certainly left two sons viz : Dr. James Moultrie and Dr. William
Moultrie ; the former of whom I knew tolerably well, he was a P. M. of
the Blue Lodge of which I am a member, he died three or four years ago
the other brother. Dr. William Moultrie, does "not live in Charleston, and
was alive a short time since.
Col. John Mitchell, I can learn very Httle about. That little induces
the belief that he was a South Carolinian, and from some old papers, I in-
fer that he died between i8o8 and 1817, but this is entirely inference. I
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY, I97
find him as a proxy representative of some Blue Lodges in 1808, and then
lose all traces of him. None of the families here of similar name are able
o tell of him..
Dr. Frederick Dalcho, M.D., died Z4th November, 1836, but a few
days after Ur. James Moultrie. From an obituary of him, he appears to
his death. He was a zealous promoter of the charities and literary asso-
ciations of that sect, and left several religious tracts, etc., as the results of
his labors. Dr. Dalcho died at the age of 67 years. The likeness of him
ous Mason so long as his health lasted, which was until a year or two of
mander of the Supreme Council of the A. and A. R., had written him
to
Yates
procure all the information he could of Moses C. Levy (the said S.
Levy's grandfather),who was a very prominent Mason, and an active mem-
*
ber of the Supreme Council, established in Charleston, S. C, in 1801. * *
with regret
I have every impulse and desire to make the effort desired,
memory of old age furnishes but little of the past to do jus-
that the failing
tice to the subject ; and feel most grateful to the Sov.-. Gr.-. Commander,
as the only child of the man whose memory he seeks to preserve; grateful
on account of my love for the being, who devoted a long life to rear his
only child for the safe journey of Life Love and Gratitude for the labor
forethought that embraced the
of half a century to secure his son, with a
contingencies of this checkered life. * * *
From the infirmities inflicted by old age, being now in the 84 h year
of life, I have been unable to use my pen before the middle of February
13
— —
1872, and as the subject matter refers to things about the early part of the
fore all things, to exercise those virtues that found their chief reward in
self-approval.
An impartial fellov/ citizen and one who himself possessed many virtues,
wrote his obituary, vi'hich was a moral photograph. It yet may be read
on his obelisk in the Old Jewish Burial Place in Charleston (this cemetery
escaped the bombardment of the recent Civil War).
On the same monument is cut an epitaph, in choice classical Bebreu
poetry, written in the latter part of his life, by himself, with direction?
that it should be placed on his tomb. It is in English, as follows :
Incoeeuptiblb in Integeity,
Sincere in Piety,
Unostentatious in Chabity.
This Stone is placed
by his only son and child.
Apart from the great length of time, little of any interest can be written
of one who pursued his daily labor in his dry-goods store ; his Masonic
—
studies and interest being the only gratification and pleasure outside of his
exact facts may not be too strictly exact, as more than half a century has
passed, and with it conventional changes of opinion that formerly would not
have been tolerated; even religion itself has become far more moral as men
advance with civilization and refinement.
My lingering memory only supplies me that my father, Moses C. Levy,
was born in the Kingdom of Poland, in the old city of Cracow, and that his
father removed to the town of Brody. '
That about the close of the war
with England, he left his country and remained in London, where he en-
gaged himself to my mother, and sailed for Charleston, S. C, and after
pride, from the fact, that his uncle, in the early part of the last century,
was physician to the King of Poland, who conferred on him the honor that
had a Key for its Insignia — the golden Key.
When my father was about transferring his Masonic honors, I was ad-
vancing to manhood, probably 1803 or 1804, or rather advanced, boyhood.
I remember his asking if I wished to be a Mason, I presume this must have
been at the time of some change in the proceedings of Masonic affairs. It
was his duty to ask me, but he could neither advise nor dissuade me
with the thoughtlessness and impulse of youth, I declined. He left the
impression on my mind, that he had devoted much time, and spent much
money in the laudable cause. I remember as a child, my delight in the
glimpse 1 had occasionally of the beautiful eagle and tiny sword and other
insignia that were connected with what was called the 33d degree of Sublime
Masonry.
My father, although pious and practicing the formula of external religion
from long habit, disliked ostentation both in worship and in charity ; foi
he was " an Israelite without guile," and if his son is at liberty to quote
the Apostle St. Paul, " He walked orderly and followed the laws." When
the scrupulous among his congregation (especially the ladies), asked his
counsel about fasting on the sacred day of Atonement, as their health was
feeble, he told them that their physician was the surest and proper guide
to direct them.
200 A HISTORICAL INQUIRY.
Charleston, and in answer to their inquiry where they could find a reliable
Jew, their friends named my father, on whom they called. After intro-
ducing themselves and the purpose of their intended misson, they com-
convert the heathen, and particularly the Jews, fulfilling a duty, no doubt
" My friends," said he, " there are more roads to Heaven than one ; if
you are right, I in a very short time will know it ; at this supper time of life-
that I have reached, it is scarcely worth while to depart from the spirit of
and the public. He then said, " We are going to Jerusalem, and shall visit
the Beni Israel (the children of Israel) ; tell us, what should be our friendly
Hebrew Bible, and pointed out some appropriate sacred aphorism, that suit-
ed the occasion. When they were about leaving, the old man took from
his valuable Oriental library and gave each of his visitors a Hebrew Bible.
This was his constant practice, when visits of this sort were made. Many
months after this, some person called on him with a volume of the New
Testament translated into Hebrew, with a request, to know what was said,
" Tell the Rev. Mr, Stuart that I thank him for the excellent New Wine
he sent me, in compliment for the Old Wine I gave him."
sired, respecting his quiet and unobtrusive life, in or out of the Masonic
World.
In the early part of the century, I have a clear recollection of my father's
Masonic friends coming to see him. I remember when Col. Mitchell,
Doctor Dalcho and some others, discussing (as outside curiosity ascertained)
some days or weeks they all changed their opinion and adopted the course
he suggested, yielding to his judgment.
He greatly assisted to relieve the monetary troubles of his Synagogue,
with his advice, labor and means, and established a permanent fund, giving
largely to it, as a pattern for his co-religionists to follow.
It was only last summer that chatting with Mr. Nathan Hayden, Presi-
dent of the Chatham Bank, who in former days, was his tenant, in Charles-
ton, "Your Father," said he, "in his leases to govern tenants, bound
them as strongly as the law allowed, but then, after I was so bound, he
allowed me to do whatever I pleased.
''
I remember he built three brick houses after a great fire in Charleston,
and fixed the rent at six hundred dollars per annum ; after renting one at
this rate, he failed in getting more than four hundred for each of the re-
maining two, and when the first of the tenants paid him the $600 quarter-
ly, he gave a receipt for that sum and then returned two hundred, saying,
' Your neighbor pays me only $400, and this return is only fair, but the
"
lease must remain as agreed upon.'
He thought wisely that to investigate our interest too strictly, is to put
a sponge to all the virtues.
There are many men who are cursed with the selfish unhappy aphorism
of there being something pleasant in the misfortunes of one's friends, and
disappointment at their good fortune. He had some of this class, but when
they got into trouble or wished to confide safely their property in their wills
for the benefit of their kinsfolk across the Atlantic, they never failed to se-
these shares scattered over the whole country, will be the anchor that must
hold the union of the States in security !" So he honestly thought, and my
only comfort is that I obeyed his wish.
The old gentleman was ready with pleasantry when attacked. I remem-
ber he had a poor negro boy whose money value was about $150. The
boy had a defective bone in his leg, and Dr. S was called, remarkable for
his surgical skill and his bad temper. After some weeks, the boy was able
to limp as he walked. " Come with me," said my father, " I do not like
—
which was forthwith paid. On meeting the doctor some weeks after ir.
market, where they frequently met, Dr. S had two of his admirers with
him, and a whisper signified the joke that was hatching.
" Well, old gentleman, I am sorry you look sick,why don't you send for
me ? I can cure you and make you well." "
Why, to speak the truth, doc
tor, I am sick, and I am satisfied you can make me well but then your bill
;
would positively make me sick again." This put the doctor in excellent
humor, and was one of his best stories after dinner for many years, it was
said.
I knew him as the Secretary of the then Collector of the Custom House
in Charleston. He was a caligraphist of the first order. His grandson, of
his name, now lives in Atlanta, Georgia, doing business in that growing
A name not inquired after, among this circle, and very fresh in my mem-
ory, is Doctor Dalcho. He also very often came to my father, I suspect
tion during a yellow-fever epidemic, by his success and devotion to the poor
patients gratutiously. I think that, subsequently, he practiced clerical duties
J. C Levy.
Motta, has been kindly procured and furnished by 111.'. Bro.". Nathaniel
relatives have long since passed away, the records, books, and papers hav
been destroyed by fire, and but one or two persons are living from whom
I can procure information. What I write is gleaned from them, and can
be regarded as reliable.
quired, after some years, a handsome competency. About the year 1 780,
he married a Miss Emanuel. He was a man of education and character,
a scrupulous observer of his faith, but liberal and tolerant in his religious
opinions. He was an early, zealous and devoted friend of Masonry, and
practiced its pure principles with remarkable fidelity.
of Charleston.
At the head of his tombstone the following figures are engraved :
L/n
Emanuel de la Motta was born in Spain, January Jth, 1761. His fam-
ily fled from that intolerant country to avoid Spanish persecution, and
branches of the old stock settled in Savannah and Charleston.
It was in this city that the young de la Motta was raised and educated,
and the family saved sufficient of their former fortune to render them secure
from want. Their son Emanuel devoted himself to Jewish literature and
Masonic study. He was regarded in the community as a man of rare en-
dowments, to which were united a nobility and loftiness of character which
he sustained with undeviating rectitude. Strict, yet unbigoted in his faith,
he was liberal and unostentations in his charities, dignified, yet assuasive in
his manners ; he was beloved by all who knew him. The faithfulness and
integrity with which he performed his public trusts, won for him the con-
fidence and regard of his fellow-citizens. He died May 15, i8zi, leaving
A HISTORICAL INQUIRY. 20S
a wife and eight children, the eldest of whom was Dr. Jacob de la Motta,
Both De Lieben and de la Motta served their country in the war of the
Revolution, and the latter in the year 1812, and both rose from the ranks
to military positions of honor and trust.
iQiaHn (JonsHl^ulions
OF
ORDINIS
VETERUM-STRUCTORUM-LIBERORUM-AGGREGATORUM
ATQUE
CONSTITUTIONES MAGNiE
ANTIQUI-ACCEPTI-RITUS-SCOTICI,
ANNI MDOOLXXZVI.
EDITIO NOVA:
EVULGATA AUSPICIIS SUPREMI CONCILII GRADES 331
L'ORDRE
DES ANCIENS FRANCS-MA^ONS-UNIS
ET
GRANDES CONSTITUTIONS
DU RIT ANCIEN-ACCEPT^-^COSSATS,
DB L'AN 1786.
NOUVELLE EDITION:
PUBLif E SOUS LES AUSPICES DU SUPREME CONSEIL 33'
TRADUIT DU LATIN
PAR
THE ORDER
OF ANCIENT FREE ASSOCIATED MASONS
AND
GRAND CONSTITUTIONS
OF THE ANCIENT .AND ACCEPTED SCOTTISH RITE,
AITNI 1786.
NEW EDITION:
Published by Authority of the Supreme Council
33° FOR THE Southern Jurisdiction of the
United States of America.
14
: : :
posita.
Not£e discordias novis illis societatibus in ORDINE con-
fer from each other in their formulas only, now widely dif-
fused, and which it is easy to reconcile. These RiTES are
those that are known as " The Ancient," " Heredom or
Hairdom," "of the Orient of Kilwinnjjig," "of St. An-
drew," " of the Emperors of East and West," " of Prin-
ces of the Royal Secret " or " of Perfection," of " Philo-
sophy," and the most recent Rite of all, styled " The
Primitive."
Wherefore, adopting for the basis of our conservative re-
formation, thetitle of the first of those Rites, and the hier-
veiller k son
et Sublimes Chevaliers et Princes Magons de
ex6cution.
en notre Palais, ^ Berlin, le jour des Calendes—
DONN^
premier—de Mai, I'an de Grice 1786, et de notre Rbgne
le47e. Sign/ " FRfiD^RIC."
.
CONSTITUTIONES ET STATUTA
MAGNORUM SUPREMORUMQUE CONCILIORUM
CONSTAHTHJM "& MAGNIS GENEEALIBtrs INSPEOTOEIBUS, PATEONIS, DUCIBUS,
CONSEEVATOEIBTJS
ORDINIS XXXIIF
TTLTIMIQUE QEADUS ANTIQUI-SCOTIca-EIT&S-ACCEPTI
REGUL.^
CONSTITUTIONS BT STATUTS
DES
REGLEMENS
POUR LE GOUVERNEMENT DE TOUS LES CONSISTOIRES, CONSEILS, COLLIES,
CHAPITRES, ET AUTRES CORPS MACONNIQUES SOUMIS
A LA JURIDICTION DESDITS CONSEILS.
I
VEC Vapprobation.en la presence et sous les auspices de son Auguste
MajestS Frederic (Oharles) Soi de Prusse, Margrme de Brande-
II.,
(^34)
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 235
REGENDIS OMNIBUS CONSISTORIIS, CONCILIIS, COLLEGIIS, CAPITULIS.
ALHSQUE SOCIETATIBUS STRUCTORIIS EORUMDEM
CONCILIORUM JURISDICTION! SDEJECTIS,
IN NOMISm BAKCTISSIMI ET MAGNI ABOHITECTONIS UOTVEBai.
®xho ab Cbaij.
m THB NAME OF THE MOST HOLT AND GRAND ABCHITEOT OF THE UNITERBE.
#rtio ab Cbao.
j
ITH the approval, in the presence, and with the, sanction of Bis August
Majesty Prederic (Oha/rles) the Second, King of Prussia, Margrave
Brandenburg, etc., Mo4 Potent Monarch, Grand Patron,
of
Orand Commander, etc, of the ORDER, etc., etc., etc.
The Orand Supreme ZTniversaZ Inspectors, in constituted Supreme Council,
ha/oe determined and ordained the Decretals hereunder vyritten, which are and
ARTICULUS I.
ARTICULUS II.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE II.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE IL
ARTICULUS III.
didat. Cette rfegle sera observ6e dans tous Ics cas ana-
logues.
ARTICLE III.
ARTICLE III.
ARTICULUS IV.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICULUS V.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
poterit.
Item in Statibus Provinciisque, seu in Continenti terr^,
sen in Insulis, Meridionalem Americam componentibus,
ORDRE.
§ III. Dans chaque grande Nation, Royaume ou Empire
d'Europe, il n'y aura qu'un seul Supreme Conseil de ce
grade.
Dans les Etats et Provinces dont se compose I'Amdrique
Septentrionale, soit sur le continent, soit-dans les lies, il y
aura deux Conseils, aussi 61oignes qui possible I'un de 1'
autre.
Dans les fitats et Provinces dont se compose I'Am^rique
M6ridionale, soit sur le continent, soit dans les lies, il y aura
ARTICULUS VI.
ARTICLE. VI.
The Supreme Council need not always exercise its au-
thority directly, over the degrees below the 17th, or Knight
16
246 CONSTITUTIONS ET RfeOLEMENS.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICULUS VII.
ARTICULUS VIII.
article VII.
ARTICULUS IX.
ARTICLE VIII.
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICULUS X.
ARTICLE VIII.
article IX.
ARTICULUS XI.
ARTICULUS XII.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XL
Le Degr6 de Chevalier Kadosch, ainsi que le trente-
uni^me et le trente-deuxi6me Degr6, ne sera conf6r6
qu'k des Magons qui en auront 6t6 jug6s dignes, et ce,
en presence de trois Souverains Grands Inspecteurs
G6n6raux au moins.
ARTICLE XII.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XI
The degree of Knight Kadosh, and also the 31st and 32d,
are not to be given, except to Masons who may have been
adjudged worthy of them, nor unless there are present at
least three Sovereign Gratld Inspectors General.
ARTICLE XII.
ARTICULUS XIII.
article xiil
§ I. Tout Supreme Conseil du trente-troisi^me Degrd
pourra d616guer un ou plusieurs des Souverains Grands
Inspecteurs G6n6raux de I'ORDRE qui le composent, pour
fonder, constituer et 6tablir un CONSEIL du mgme degr^
dans tous les pays mentionn6s dans les presents Statuts, k
la condition qu'ils ob6iront ponctuellement & ce qui est
stipul6 dans le troisifeme paragraphe de I'article II ci-dessus,
ainsi qu'aux autres dispositions de lapr6sente Constitution.
;
ARTICLE XIIL
§ I. A Supreme Council of the 33d Degree may send
one or more of its members, Sovereign Grand Inspectors
General of the Order, as Legates, to found, constitute
and establish a Council of the same degree, in any of the
Countries mentioned in these Statutes upon the express
;
ARTICULUS XIV.
In qu41ibet Sublimium Graduum caeremoniS structoriS,
et solemni virorum in iis gradibus constitutoru m processu,
SUPREMUM Concilium cseteros sequetur, omniumque
membrorum ultimi erunt primarii duo Magistratus hosque ;
ARTICLE XIV.
Dans toute c6r6monie magonnique des Sublimes Degr6s
et dans toute procession solennelle de Magons poss6dant
ces degr6s, le Supreme Conseil marchera le dernier, et les
deux premiers Officiers se placeront apr^s tous les autres
membres et seront immddiatement pr6c6d6s du grand
Etendard et du Glaive de I'ORDRE.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIOIjS. 255
ARTICLE XIV.
In every Masonic ceremony whatever of the Sublime
Degrees, and every solemn procession of persons consti-
tuted in those degrees,, the Supreme Council is to be in the
rear of the others, and the last of all the members will be
the first two Magistrates and the Great Standard and the
;
ARTICULUS XVI.
ARTICLE XV,
§ I. Un Supreme Conseil doit
se r6unir r^gulierement
dans les trois premiers jours de chaque troisi^me nouvelle
lune ;
il s'assemblera plus souvent, si les affaires de I'OR-
DRE I'exigent et si I'exp^dition en est urgente.
§ II. Outre
grandes fgtes solennelles de I'ORDRE, le
les
Supreme Conseil en aura trois particuliferes chaque ann6e,
savoir le jour des Calendes (premier) d'Octobre, le vingt-
:
ARTICLE XVI.
§ I. Pour gtre reconnu et pour jouir des privileges at-
taches au trente-troisi^me Degr^, chaque Souverain Grand
Inspecteurs Gen6ral sera muni de Patentes et de lettres de
Cr^ance dont le module se trouve dans le Rituel du Degr6
Ces Lettres lui seront d61ivr6es a la condition de verser
dans le Tr6sor du Saint Empire la somme que chaque Su-
preme Conseil fixera pour sa juridiction aussit6t qu'il
aura 6t6 constitu6. Ledit Souverain Grand Inspecteur
G6n6ral paiera ^galement un Fr6d6ric, ou un Louis, mon-
naie ancienne, ou I'^quivalent en argent du pays, k I'lllustre
;
ARTICLE XV.
§ I. A Supreme Council is regularly to be held during
the three days wherewith each third new moon commences
and will be more frequently convoked, if the business of the
Order and the transaction thereof demand it.
requires,
§ II. Besides the great and solemn feast-days of the Or-
der, a Supreme Council will have three sacred days, spe-
cial to itself, in each year, —
to wit, the *Kalends of October,
the twenty-seventh of December, and the Kalends of May.
ARTICLE XVL
§ I. each Sovereign Grand Inspector General may
That
be recognized, and be enabled to enjoy the privileges to
the 33d degree belonging, he shall be furnished with Letters-
Patent and of Credence, issued in the form prescribed in the
Ritual of that Degree which Letters will be granted him
;
se invicem recognoverint.
ARTICULUS XVII.
ARTICLE XVII.
ARTICLE XVII.
ARTICULUS XVIII.
article xviii.
article xviii.
L. S. Si£7i^, FRl^DERIC.
ARTICULUS I.
APPENDICE
AUX
STATUTS FONDAMENTAUX ET GRANDES CONSTITU-
TIONS DU SUPREME CONSEIL DU TRENTE-TROISIEME DEGRE.
ARTICLE I.
L'ETENDARD de I'ORDRE
est argent'*- frang^e d'or, portant
au centre un aigle noir ^ deux
tStes, les ailes deploy6es ; les
bees et les cuisses sont en or : il
ARTICULUS II.
APPENDIX
THE FUNDAMENTAL STATUTES AND GRAND CONSTL
TUTIONS OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE
THIRTY-THIRD DEGREE.
ARTICLE I.
affixa;
2°. Major funiculus albus, superficie undulate micante,
ARTICLE II.
Un
grand Cordon blanc moir6
2".
ARTICLE II.
A Teutonic
[
J 1°.
2°. A broad
Cross of crimson,
affixed to the left side of the breast.
white watered Ribbon,
liordered with gold, bearing on the
I I ront a triangle of gold, glittering with
rays of gold, which has in the centre
} XXXIII. with, on each
the numeral
from above, on each side of the tri-
,
— —
album balteum ^hoc est fasciam auream fimbriam haben-
tem, et a dextro latere dependentem.
ARTICULUS III.
"
CILIUM XXXIir GRADUS IN
ACTUM in SuPREMO CONCILIO XXXIIP gradus, die,
mense, annoque ut suprk.
(Subscriptum)" (*) "— " Stark."—" d'Esterno."
article iii.
Le Grand Sceau de
L'ORDRE un Ecu d'ar-
est
gent sur lequel est un Aigle
k deux tetes, semblable k
celui de I'Etendard, mais
portant de plus le diad^me
d'or de Prusse au-dessus ;
— " (*)
" — "H. WiLLELM."— "D '
" WCELLNER."
APPROBATUM.
L. S. Subscriptum, " FREDERICUS."
ARTICLE III.
(Signed) * Stark.
D'Esterno * H. Willelm.
Wcellner. D
APPROVED.
[L. S.] Signed, FREDERIC."
* "These asterisks" (on pages 63 and 66), mark the places of signatures that
have become illegible or been effaced by attrition, or by the effect of sea-water,
to which the duplicate original of these documents, written on parchment, "has
several times been accidentally exposed." [Note to copy published by the Su-
treme Councils in 1834.]
274 CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
• [Sceau.]
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 2/5
1786.
As Published in 1832, in the Recueil des Actes of
THE Supreme Council of France.
18
INTRODTJCTION.
jjHE Latin copy of the Grand Constitutions of 1786, was
published by us in 18S9, from a copy published in 1834,
at Paris, as authentic, after the Treaty of 1832.
The Supreme Council of France, which had in 1833
published the mutilated French version of these Consti-
tutions, having, two years later, accepted and vouched for the Latin,
more ample and formal version, as authentic, this was accepted as
such by the Supreme Council for the Southern Jurisdiction of the
United States, without the slightest reference on its part or the part
of its Grand Commander, to the particular differences between the
two. It never occurred to either the Body or the Officer that any
question could ever arise between it and a sister Supreme Council,
in regard to which any of these differences would become material.
But at a timewhen ill-temper, caused by controversy long since
happily at an end, made men ready to attribute to ill motives inno-
cent acts, odious imp'jtations were indulged in, with respect to our
Edition of the Grand Constitutions. We replied to them and all ;
version, made by the 111. •. Bro. . Enoch T. Carson, 83°, now the
Lieut. . Grand Commander, as thatwas published by Setier at
Paris, in 1832, with a few slight changes made on the faith of an old
manuscript.
It is certainly desirable that both Councils should accept and rec
ognize the same Constitutions; and if we could believe that the
French version was the authentic original, and that the Latin Con
stitutions were not so, we should not be able to hesitate to reject
the latter and accept the former, which, until 1859, we also supposed
(*79)
28o CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
was known in Louisiana, and the lU. Bro/. Samory had in his pos-
•.
session a copy, the only one, indeed, of any edition except our own
and that published by Mr. Foulhouze about 1859, that we have ever
seen.
The first thing that strikes one in reading over the French ver-
sion, in the Remeil des Actes du Supreme Conseil de France, or a'S
translated, is the jejuneness, the incompleteness, thewant of form,
and the resemblance to an imperfect abstract or extracts from somc:-
thing more fuU and complete, of this that does not even claim or
purport to be a complete copy of the original.
Then, we naturally look for some authentication of the Constitu-
tions by signatures; but there is none; which itse\f proves that they
are, if copied from any original, not a complete copy.
lU. Bro. Carson prefers them, because the third, clause of the
•. •.
5th article reads that there shall be but two Supreme Councils in
the United States ; as it also provides for one for the English Islands,
and one for the French Islands, of the West
whereas the
Indies :
or the West Indies, returned with this French version of the Constitu-
tions, and in possession of the 33d degree and of its Ritual which
accompanied the Secret Constitutions that the reader will find at a
subsequent page of this volume and that he conferred the degree
;
never were published, in which the Rite was named, and in which the
degrees were enumerated. If the French version contains the only
true Constitutions of 1786, it will be difficult to find the authority
for the existence of the Rite and the arrangement of its degrees.
The Supreme Council of France must have become satisfied, when
it made the Treaty at Paris, that the French Version was not the
then discarded them and accepted the Latin copy; and Setier, a
member of it, who printed the French version in 1832, certified in
1834, to the genuineness of the Latin copy.
It is quite true that in the Acte of the trial of the lU. . Bro. *.
that the fee for the 33d degree shall be ten Louis of 24 livres tournois,
a French coin they are not authenticated in any way nor certified to
;
speak of the powers with which he was clothed and they provide
;
for two Councils in the United States, then a new and weak repub-
lic, and for two in the West Indies, of which Germans at Berlin, and
one, by enlarging, developing and adding to it. Only one other hy-
pothesis is possible, and that is, that the Latin is the original, the
French a defective and abbreviated translation, with some changes
made And, in our opinion, this hypo-
to suit particular purposes.
mere clumsy
thesis is true, or the Constitutions were originally a
French forgery, to give to which the appearance of respectability,
some one was employed to put them into shap^ and form, in Latin.
: The French version is evidently not a complete copy of any origi-
nal. A thing in such a shape could never have been enacted by a
Supreme Council and promulgated by it, nor was worthy to be ap-
proved by a great king nor is there, taking them entirely by them-
;
selves, and supposing the Latin version never to have been seen,
any sort of evidence in them that they were made by any Masonic
Body whatever, or ever seen by Frederic of Prussia.
The addition found in the Recueil des Aetes, in regard to privi-
leges, was no doubt made by the 111. . Bro. de Grasse, and had
•.
Grand Commander.
m THE NAHE OF THE MOST HOLT AVB OBAIID ABCHITBOT OV THE UHlTEIiBB.
#rit0 ab C§fso,
cer, the second will take his place, and will appoint an In-
spector to succeed to his own place.
If the second officer should die, resign, or leave the
country forever, the first officer will appoint another to
succeed him.
The Most Puissant Sovereign shall appoint, in the same
manner, the Illustrious Treasurer, the Secretary-General
of the Holy Empire, the Illustrious Grand Master of Cere-
monies, the Illustrious Captain of the Guards, and shall
also fill all the vacancies that may afterward occur.
Art. 4. Every Inspector who shall be initiated in this
Sublime Degree, shall pay in advance, into the hands of
the Illustrious Grand Treasurer, the sum of ten Louis of
24 livres tournois.
The same sum be exacted of those who shall re-
shall
ceive the degree of Knight Kadosh, or of Prince of the
Royal Secret, the which sum shall be for the use of the
Supreme Council.
Art. 5. Every Supreme Council is composed of nine In-
spectors-General, of whom five should profess the Christian
religion.
Three of the members, if the Most Puissant Sovereign
CONSTITUTIONS ET REGLEMENS.
celles Frangaises.
Art. 6. Le pouvoir du Supreme Conseil n'interlfere dans
aucun grade au-dessous du \f ou Chevalier d'Orient et d'
Occident mais chaque Conseil, et Loge de Parfaits Magons,
;
* 111.". Bro.". Carson says of Article V., " This provision of the Constitution
shows that it was never intended that any one Supreme Council should as-
sume the jurisdiction of the entire territory of the United States. This special
exception in regard to this country was made to prevent that."
This notion is in aid of the proposition of 111 . Bro.'. Drummond, Sov.".
Wherefore the provisionas to the United Statessimply is, that there shall be
only two Councils in them ; that there shall not be more than two ; and it
must be awfully twisted to make it read that there shall be two. It is permis^
sive, as to that number, and beyond that, prohibitory ; and it is permissive be-
cause it is prohibitory. To say that there shall be only two Councils, is tc
* Etait revetu : The word etait, not est (was, not is) was found in the copy
which the Supreme Council of France had in 1818, as well as in the Recueii
des Actes. Why did not 111". Bro.'. Carson give his authority for translating
the phrase " is possessed," by quoting the French of the old Manuscript ?
f I agree with 111.'. Bro.'. Carson that au dessus here should be au dessous
'•eloTv, instead of above, the degree of Knight of the Sun.
1
penses.
Le grand sceau du Supreme Conseil est un grand aigle
noir k deux tgtes, le bee d'or, les alles deploy6es, et tenant
dans ses serres une fepee nue sur un ruban d6ploye au-
;
* 111.'. Bro.". Carson translates etait revetu, " is possessed!' It is odd that a
f This Article is
evidently corrupted. I^ manuscrit de grade is meaningless.
'•
The manuscript of degree" specifies no particular one. And which is " ce
grade" that a brother is to establish in a remote country? It seems that the
Article should read, Le manuscrit des grades (of the degrees') ; and that ce grade
should be les grades, the degrees; or, as in the Latin Constitutions, "of the
Sublime degrees." Or is the 33d degree referred to ?
19
:
300 INTRODUCTION.
The Patent from the Bro. Hyman Isaac Long to the Bro. de
-. -.
enne Fourteau and Pierre Jean Duhulquod, who were also 33ds, on
the 10th of January, 1806.
The Bro. -. Duhulquod, it is proven by documents existing in the
Archives of the Grand Lodge of Louisiana, was afterwards in that
State, and engaged there in the propagation of Masonry. He brought
with him the Register spoken of, and divers Rituals, etc. {among
others, Rituals of the Soyal Arch, MarJe Master and Past Master De-
grees, translated from, English into French, and containing the originea
INTRODUCTION. 3OT
and germs of those degrees as fhey are. now worked in the United
States ; which Bituals are now in our possession).
When the bodies created by the Bro. . Duhulquod died out, all
their papers were sent up to the old Grand Lodge of Louisiana; and
had from that time remained there.
I had the MSS. containing the 33d degree and Secret Constitu-
tions bound, and fortunately copied the whole into my Kegister :
Gr.\ Commander of the same body, after exacting from 111. . Bro.".
MosBS HoLBROOK, 80V. Gr. Commander of the Supreme Council,
'. '.
(as appears by his letter stUl preserved in the Archives of the latter
Supreme Council,) an oath that he would keep them secret from
every one, and deliver them only to his successor, sent him a copy
of what he claimed to be the Secret Constitutions. 111. . Bro. •.
John Henry Honour, while Sov. Gr. Commander, had this copy,•. •.
ning FuRMAN, who succeeded him, and who retained the book from
that time until his death in July, 1872. I have never seen this copy;
and though I did once or twice request that it should be sent to me,
and had no reply, I should never have taken any such obligation af
was required of 111. Bro. Holbrook, nor, indeed, any obligation
•. •.
them.
Neither have I ever seen the copy that Bro. . Raymond had. I do
not know, therefore, that they,, or those which Bro. Fubman had, •.
are the same which I now publish. But from the description given
me by 111.- Bro.-. Enoch T. Carson, Lieut. Gr.-. Commander of the •.
302 INTRODUCTION.
Senate and Grand Council, at Paris, in the year 1761 and that the
;
Bro. Comte de Grasse certified the copy given by him to the Bro.-.
•.
SECRET CONSTITUTIONS.
REGLEMENS
DES
ARTICLE I.
Sytnbolique.
(306)
GRAND SECRET CONSTITUTIONS
OR
REGULATIONS
OF THE
ARTICLE I.
Symbolic.
ARTICLE II.
Symbolique.
leur ont 6t6 delivr6es a la charge par lui de faire part sur-
;
* Qu.? de noramer.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 30g,
ARTICLE II.
Symbolic.
ARTICLE III.
Symbolique.
ARTICLE IV.
ColUge.
ARTICI E III.
Symbolic.
ARTICLE IV.
College.
le mame hon-
visiteur ,qui a son tour doit en agir avec
s6ance, le visiteur qui est Sn.-.
netet6 et d6ccnce. Aprfes la
confirmer.
ARTICLE V.
College.
ARTICLE VI.
Cottage.
ARTICLE V.
College.
ARTICLE VI.
College.
ARTICLE VII.
College.
ARTICLE VIII.
ColUge.
ARTICLE IX.
Conseil.
ARTICLE VII.
College.
ARTICLE IX.
Council.
ARTICLE X.
Conseil.
ARTICLE XI.
Conseil.
ARTICLE X.
Council.
ARTICLE XI.
Council.
ARTICLE XII.
Conseil.
7 Juin, le 7 Septembire et le 7
Tons les S.-. G.-.
D6cembre.
I.-. G.-. Gd.-. Commandeurs de I'Ordre s'y
r6uniront, pour
rendre compte chacuns de leurs missions, des travaux qu'
ils auront faits, et de ce qu'ils pourroient avoir regu des
rapport ou plainte qui lui sont port6s par un S.-. G.-. I.-. G.-.
Gd.-. Commandeur, prend un nouvel arr6t6 sur la Loge,
Conseil, College,' Chapitre, Grand Conseil, Consistoire, et
S6nat, dont il s' agit.
ARTICLE XIII.
Conseil.
ARTICLE XII.
Council.
Sovereign Grand
sembly, the Sovereign Senate of the
Inspectors General Grand Commanders, on report or
Inspector Genl.-.
complaint addressed to it by a Sov.-. Gr.-.
Senate in question.
320 CONSTITUTIONS ET R^GLEMENS.
ARTICLE XIV.
Conseil.
ARTICLE XV.
Conseil.
ARTICLE XVI.
Chapitre.
ARTICLE XIII.
Council.
ARTICLE XIV.
Council.
ARTICLE XV.
Council.
ARTICLE XVII.
Chapitre.
ARTICLE XVIII,
Chapitre.
ARTICLE XVI.
Cliapter.
ARTICLE XVII.
Chapter.
ARTICLE XVIII.
Chapter.
ARTICLE XIX.
Souverain Grand Conseil.
ARTICLE XX.
Souverain Grand Conseil.
Atelier.
Quand il y a plusieurs Sns/. Commandeurs, ils restent
ARTICLE XXI.
Souverain Grand Conseil.
ARTICLE XIX.
Sovereign Grand Council.
ARTICLE XX.
Sovereign Grand Council.
ARTICLE XXII.
Souverain Grand Conseil.
[De I'anciennet^ des Grandes Constitiitions SecrHes. De V
origine exacte de nos symboles et de quelle source sortent nos
c^rhnonies et mystiresP^
* In the time of Antiochus Epiphanes, King of Syria, (167 B. c.,) the stan-
dard of revolt was raised against the Syrian masters of the Jews, by a priest
named Mattathias, whose five sons were afterwards called the Maccabees. He
was the son of Johanan, who was the son of Simeon, son of Hasmon, of the
Sacerdotal division or household of Jehoiarib [i Chron 24 7]. From the :
ARTICLE XXI.
Sovereign Grand Council.
ARTICLE XXII.
Sovereign Grand Council.
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
Souverain Grand Conseil.
Tout I.-. G.-. Grand Commandeur a le
D.-. G.-. droit de
Loges, Coll6ges, Conseiis, Chapitres, Souverains
visiter les
Grands Conseiis, et S6nat de 1" Ancienne et Moderne Franche
Magonnerie, d' inspecter, .visiter leurs travaux, scruter les
Registres, dresser proems verbaux et les faire signer par
les officiers dignitaires, conform6ment aux presents pou-
voirs.
Chez les Esseniens son nom 6toit jf^iiB^rt; qui veut dire
Interprfete des choses secrfetes et saintes, et
porteurs des
grands pouvoirs de 1' Ordre.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 39
" Sublime Philosophy''These maxims were entrusted only
to the Grand Commanders of their Order who transmit- ;
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
Sovereign Grand Council.
ARTICLE XXV.
Souverain Grand Conseil.
ARTICLE XXVI.
Grand Conseil.
ARTICLE XXVII.
Grand Consistoire.
ARTICLE XXV.
Sovereign Grand Council.
No
Lodge, College, Council, Sovereign Grand Council,
Chapter or Consistory, not constituted by a Grand Orient
or by a Sov.-. Gr.-. Dep'y Insp.-. Gen'l.-. Gr.-. Commander,
can of right receive and initiate, unless it has applied for
Letters of Constitution, and if it learns that any Sov.-.
Commander is in the vicinity it should apply to him, and
report to him its work and proceedings. It thus avoids a
journey, since the Sov.-. Commander will constitute it as
may seem good to him, and put it in condition to continue
its labors ; and it will not need to apply to any other auth-
ority whatsoever.
ARTICLE XXVI,
Grand Consistory.
ARTICLE XXVIII.
Grand Consistoire.
ARTICLE XXIX.
Grand Consistoire.
ARTICLE XXVII.
Grand Consistory.
ARTICLE XXVIII.
Grand Consistory.
ARTICLE XXIX.
Grand Consistory.
ARTICLE XXX.
Grand Consistoire.
ARTICLE XXXI.
Souverain Se'nat du 'i,'i,eme degrd.
ARTICLE XXXII.
Souverain Sdnat du ^yme degr^.
ARTICLE XXX.
Grand Consistory.
ARTICLE XXXI.
Sov.\ Senate of the ^2,(1 Degree.
The Sovereign Grand Inspectors General, Grand Com-
manders of the Holy Empire, are the depositaries and con-
servators of the Grand Secret Constitutions, which are the
decrees of the 33d Degree and coeval with the world.
Those illustrious and admirable Commanders have sworn,
and taken the most terrible of oaths, so to demean them-
selves as to cause the Royal and Military order of Ancient
and Modern Masonry to be cherished, and its laws to be
obeyed and also that they will conform to and execute
;
ARTICLE XXXII.
Sov.\ Senate of the ^^d Degree.
ARTICLE XXXIII.
Souverain Sdnat du 'Heme degr^.
Nos ancStres Commandeurs se sont servis de paraboles
pour nous instruire mais le sens de leurs 6crits n'est pas
:
ARTICLE XXXIII.
Sov.\ Senate of the 3,2,d Degree.
The Commanders our Ancestors have made use of Pa-
rables, whereby but their writings were not
to instruct us ;
never burn incense to any other than vain idols ? Must the
Temple of Truth continue to be so deserted ? An Ancient
and Sacred Institution, Free Masonry, offers you the means
of seeing, but the hieroglyphics which it places before
your eyes are useless to you. The Temple stands open
the bandage drops from your eyes, and yet you will not
see. When the question is asked you What have you — '
seen ?'
—Your reply is '
Nothing.'
Well ! learn then that the object of our investigations is
1802.
Sign^, Auguste de Grasse,
Grand Commandeur.
CAHIER.
The Sovereign Grand Inspector General of the
33D Degree, or Grand Elect Knight of the Temple,
LAST degree of ALL MASONRY, AnCIENT AND MODERN,
aged several centuries, conferred by the sovereign
Grand Inspectors General of Stockholm on Fred-
eric III., King of Prussia, as Grand Master.
OBSERVATIONS.
22
342 CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
Genius in the North, the two broken columns, with the at-
tributes of an Apprentice Mason, and the Blazing Star
closed that in the South, the Branch of Acacia, Squares,
;
RECEPTION.
ing him in the West and if he does not know his Degrees,
:
344 CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
Discourse.
****************
****************
In fine, all upon you, that you
these degrees impress it
The
Bro.". is caused to rise, and to advance to the right
of,and near, the urn. He places his hand upon it, and is
there made to promise forever to comply, point by point,
with his first obligation to be even more profoundly se-
;
*
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 34;
The sign
is given by gripping the heart with tfae right
from none other than the Sov.'. Princes of the Royal Se-
cret, and from the Sovereign Commander, through a de-
liberative assembly. Besides, this degree is the last of all,
and the only absolute one whence comes the title of its
;
gree he can make but one in each year, and but one Lieu-
tenant Commander in every six months. To make a Grand
Commander, he must be in a place three thousand leagues
from a Consistory or Senate, and there must be no Masons
there of his own degree if there be one such, they will
;
Light,
Pass-Word.
Sacred Words.
One says: ic XQ% t 5 Ja=2= ^ =2= •••
hand fall on the scabbard the third is to press the Hps with
:
the index finger and thumb of the right hand, closing the
lips a little.
Discourse.
(A general recapitulation should be read in this degree.)
STATUTES OF i 859.
as
Grand Orient of Charleston, So.". Car.", near the C". C.'. of thh
Zenith, which answers to 32° 45' N." .Lat.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE II.
To the
To the
State of Maryland, .... One.
One,
To the
To the
District of Columbia,
State of Virginia,
State of North Carolina,
.... .
.
.
.
.
.
Two.
One.
To the Five.
To the
To the
State of South Carolina,
State of Georgia, .... . . .
Two.
Two,
To the
State of Florida,
State of Alabama, .... Two
:
;
ARTICLE III.
ARTICLE IV.
ARTICLE V.
ARTICLE VI.
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE VIII.
All the officers are elected or appointed for life, and the
members are also for life Provided, That Office or Mem-
:
ARTICLE IX.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XI.
ARTICLE XII.
ARTICLE XIV.
In all cases of election to Honorary Membership, the
vote must be unanimous, one negative vote being sufficient
to refuse that mark of honor and confidence.
ARTICLE XV.
Whenever any vote whatever is needed to be taken in
the recess of the Supreme Council, the Secretary General
will by letter state the question to each Sov.'. Grand In-
spector General, who will in writing and by letter transmit
to him his vote ; and when all are received, or after suf-
ficient time has elapsed for all to respond, the Secretary
General will declare the result.
ARTICLE XVI.
In all cases where any Sov.*. Grand Inspector General,
being so called on, fails in a reasonable time to transmit his
vote, he will be deemed to have assented to the action of
the majority required in the given case ; and whenever one
duly notified fails to attend a called session, or, without
notification, to attend a regular session, he will be deemed
to have assented to the action of the majority present, in
all cases ; and is to be forever afterwards estopped to deny
that he assented thereto.
ARTICLE XVII.
A Sovereign Grand Inspector General, habitually ab-
senting himself from the meetings of the Supreme Council,
may be declared, by vote of two-thirds of all the members,
taken by yeas and nays, to have virtually resigned his
membership ; and thereupon the vacancy so occurring may
De filled in the usual manner.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 363
ARTICLE XVIII.
ARTICLE XIX.
The Supreme Council reserves to itself the power of con-
ferring any of the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted
Scottish Rite, upon such persons as it may deem worthy
to receive them. It may delegate that power to Deputy
Grand Inspectors General, to be exercised in foreign coun-
tries wherein no Supreme Council has been established:
and United States wherein there is no con-
in States of the
sistory of Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret but no :
ARTICLE XXI.
The 33d Degree, of Deputy Grand Inspector General,
364 CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
All Letters-Patent or of Credence of the 32d Degree
shall emanate from the Supreme Council, and shall not be
granted by the Consistories but if one is desired by a
;
ARTICLE XXV.
The charge for Letters-Patent and of Credence of the
:
32d Degree shall be five dollars, and the fee of the Secre-
tary General, one dollar in addition. The fee for Letters-
Patent of the 33d Degree, of Deputy or Sovereign Grand
Inspector General, shall be ten dollars, out of which shall
be retained by or paid to the Secretary General, his fee of
two dollars and fifty cents.
ARTICLE XXVI.
The fees for the sceral degrees, when conferred by the
Supreme Council, or by a Sovereign or Deputy Grand In-
spector General, shall be as follows
For the degrees from the 4th to the 14th inclusive, . $10
For the 15th and i6th, 5
For the 17th and 1 8th 15
From the 19th to the 30th inclusive, . . . 15
For the 31st and 32d 15
For the degrees of Royal and Select Master, . 10
ARTICLE XXVII.
All Charters shall be prepared and sealed by the Secre-
tary General, who shall receive as his fee for each, in addi-
tion to the charge above fixed for such Charter, the sum of
fifteen dollars.
ARTICLE XXVIII.
All fees received from Sovereign or Deputy Grand In-
spectors General, for degrees conferred by them, shall be
accounted for by them, and paid over to the Supreme
Council, deducting therefrom only their travelling expenses
necessarily incurred in the service of the Order, the ac-
counts whereof shall be audited and approved by the Su-
preme Council.
ARTICLE XXIX.
No Consistory, Council, Chapter, or Lodge of Perfection
:
shall confer any of the degrees any less fees than those
for
hereinbefore, in Section xxvi., provided but it is allowed ;
ARTICLE XXX.
Each body under the jurisdiction of this Supreme Coun-
cil shall annually, on the first day of December, remit to
each case in which the 32d degree had been conferred dur-
ing the year, in and by such body, three dollars.
Each Council of Knights Kadosch, Chapter of Rose-
Croix, and Council of Princes of Jerusalem, one dollar for
each person then a member of it and for each case in;
ARTICLE XXXI.
In each State where a Consistory of Sublime Princes of
the Royal Secret is in existence and working, the fees and
tax of the subordinate bodies shall be paid to such Consis-
tory, which shallpay to the Supreme Council only the tax
for its own members, of one dollar each per annum, and the
ARTICLE XXXII.
The Supreme Council shall have jurisdiction over the
Councils of Royal and Select Masters in every Statfe where
no Grand Council of those degrees has been established
and such Councils shall make their returns and pay their
tax to theSupreme Council but as soon as there are three
;
ARTICLE XXXIII.
Every Grand Inspector General of this jurisdiction
Sov.-.
will be, by virtue of his office, a member of each Grand
Council of Royal and Select Masters so created, if he has
legally received these degrees, and these bodies will, in all
cases, be created on that express condition.
ARTICLE XXXIV.
Only one Consistory shall be established in each State
within this jurisdiction and the title of each shall be
;
:
the I4tii to the 30th, inclusive ; the fees for all which shal
be fixed by itself. And, until a Grand Council is estab-
lished, it may also grant charters for Councils of Royal and
Select Masters, and Briefs of those Degrees.
ARTICLE XXXVI.
The Secretary Generalwill, on application, and without
charge, vis^ any Diploma, Brief, or Patent, issued by a
Consistory, and affix the seal of the Supreme Council to
his visa, without charge.
ARTICLE XXXVII.
All Diplomas, Briefs and Patents, of the 14th, i6th, 30th,
and 32d Degrees, will be on parchment, and in the three
languages, Latin, French and English, that they may avail
the holder everywhere ; and in every case he will sign his
name in the margin.
ARTICLE XXXVIII.
It is recommended to each Consistory to hold, at each
ARTICLE XLVII.
All elections and installations of officers must take place
at the meeting on, or immediately before, the festival of St.
ARTICLE XLVIII.
All returns of Consistories and subordinate bodies must
be made on the ist day of December in each year, and be
directed to the Secretary General at Charleston, S. C.
They must contain the names of the officers and members
of the and a statement of what degrees have been
body ;
ARTICLE XLIX.
A Deputy Grand Inspector General, visiting an inferior
body, is to be received with seven stars and seven swords,
and to enter under the Arch of swords clashing and
Steel,
nine stars and nine swords; and the M.-. P.-. Sovereign
Grand Commander with eleven stars and eleven swords
to pass under the Arch of Steel, and each with swords
372 CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
ARTICLE L.
ARTICLE LI.
OS
24
Dei Optimi Maximi, Universitatus Rerum Fontis ac
OrIGINIS A0 Gloriam.
the State of Sovih Garolina, near the Br. B.\ and under the G.: G.:
of that Zenith, which answers unto 32° 46' 33" North Latitude.
ARTICLE I.
ARTICLE II.
Apportionment of Members.
Vacancies.
ARTICLE V.
Election of Members.
* These words, being in the Ritual of the degree, added here, upon revision
n 1870. "
:
ARTICLE VI.
be as follows
Archives.
7. The 111.-. Treasurer-General.
8. The 111.-. Grand Almoner.
9. The 111.-. Grand Constable, or Mareschal of Cere-
monies.
10. The Grand Chamberlain.
111.-.
14. The
111.-. Grand Sword-Bearer.
15. The
111.-. Grand Herald.
1. On Finance.
2. On Correspondence.
3. On Jurisprudence and Legislation.
4. On the doings of Subordinate Bodies.
5. On the doings of Inspectors-General and Special
Deputies. [1868.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS. 37S
ARTICLE VII.
ARTICLE VIII.
Tenure of Office.
All the officers are elected or appointed for life, aiid the
members are also for life. Provided, that office or member-
ship shall be forfeited, ipso facto, by permanent removal of
the party beyond the Jurisdiction.
ARTICLE IX.
Proxy Votes.
ARTICLE X.
ARTICLE XI.
Quorum.
Seven Sovereign Grand Inspectors-General, the Sover-
eign Grand Commander or Lieutenant Grand Commander
being one or nine Sovereign Grand Inspectors-General,
;
ARTICLE XII.
ARTICLE XIII.
ARTICLE XIV.
Absence from Meetings.
ARTICLE XV.
The Consistorial Chamber.
At every biennial meeting of the Supreme Council, it
shall hold a Consistorial Chamber of the 32d degree. In
this Consistorial Chamber shall be heard and considered
all appeals from and questions referred by the Consistories,
and all complaints from subordinate bodies.
ARTICLE XVI.
Conferring Degrees.
ARTICLE XVII.
ARTICLE XVIII.
For the degrees from the 4th to the 14th, inclusive tz^
For the 15th and i6th 10
For the 17th and i8th 25
From the 19th to the 30th inclusive . . .25
For the 31st and 32d 50
For Deputy Inspector-General . . . .150
of the Royal Secret, one dollar for each person then a mem-
ber of it and for each case in which the 32d degree has
;
lars.
ARTICLE XIX.
Financial Provisions.
be used except from such book, and after having been duly
recorded in the margin, as to number, date, to whom paid,
for what purpose, and the amount thereof. [1870.
ARTICLE XX.
Council of Administration.
ARTICLE XXI.
Councils of Royal and Select Masters.
This Supreme Council relinquishes all control over the
degrees of Royal and Select Master ; and leaves all Coun-
cils now under its Jurisdiction, at liberty to attach them-
selves to the obedience of such Grand Council as they may
select ; andhereby remits and releases to all such Coun-
it
cils, all their dues to this Supreme Council and all sections
;
ARTICLE XXII.
Consistories.
lows :
by itself.
§ 5. The privilege of conferring the 31st and 32d degrees
has been delegated by the Supreme Council to the Grand
Consistories, and must be exercised by them in the same
manner as if the applicant were to be elected in the Su-
preme Council.
§ 6. All such elections will be determined by vote, openly
given, upon a members, the members voting in
call of the
body, and where that will not determine, by the day when
he received the 32d degree ;and the Grand Conamander-
in-Chief having two votes ; and three negative votes shall
reject.
32d ;
or of more, if there, be not three 33ds ; the whole
number being always five, to whom are to be added the
active member or members of the Supreme Council resi-
dent in the State.
2. On Correspondence of three members. ;
or Supreme
them, but directly to the Grand Consistory
Council, as the case may be. [1868.
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXIV.
Rituals.
them.
§ 3. or Monitor for instruction in the Rite
No Manual
shall be printted for sale, or be used in any
subordinate body
ARTICLE XXV.
Degrees by way of Honorarium.
ARTICLE XXVI.
On Conferring and Communicating Degrees.
degrees. [1870.
ARTICLE XXVII.
Intervals between Degrees.
ARTICLE XXVIII.
Times of Meeting, Feast-Days, etc.
*This is an error. The feast upon the Dedication of the Temple was held
by Solomon at the same time with the Feast of the Tabernacles, which com-
menced always on the fourteenth day of Tisri or Ethanim, (Josephus Antig.
Book viii, Ch. iv, §i ; Levi, Cere, of the Jews, loo), at even, at the same time as
the Sabbath begins, that being the commencement of the isth day of the
month, on which Moses directed the Feast to be held. Levit. xxiii. 39. It
Temple. But that is the Feast called niliH; Khanokah, the Dedication, in-
stituted by the Maccabees, in memory of the great deliverance that God
wrought for them, and the great victory they obtained over Antiochus Epiph-
anes, who had polluted the Temple, and thereby put them to the necessity of
cleansing it, and dedicating it anew, which was performed on this day. This
feast lasts eight days. Levi, 116. \ Mace. \, ^s, so, etc.
The Feast-day of Gr.\ Elect, Perfect and Sublime Masons, therefore, is the
evening of the 14th day of Tisri: and it is indispensable.
CONSTITUTIONS AND REGULATIONS.
399
Grand Consistories.
ARTICLE XXIX.
Subordinate Bodies, and their Returns.
ARTICLE XXX..
Balloting for Degrees.
ARTICLE XXXI.
Charges and Trials.
ARTICLE XXXII.
Rules of Comity.
ARTICLE XXXIII.
Declaratory Provision.
Albert Pike, j^
Sov.-. Gr.'. Com.'.
albert g. mackey, ^
Sec •- Gen.\ H:. E.',
STATUTES
IN
ARTICLE II.
kind by the officer ordering the Tribunal upon his own in-
formation or knowledge, with the names of the witnesses,
shall be furnished to the Advocate, who shall cause to be
prepared and prefer the act of Accusation.
§ II. Every Act of Accusation shall contain and set forth
charges and specifications, after the manner of those usual
in military courts ofEngland and the United States.
§ 12. Upon Act of Accusation being preferred, the
the
President of the Tribunal shall issue a Citation, by which
the Accused shall be cited to appear before the Tribunal
at a certain time and place and answer the charge. The
nature of such charge shall be specified in general terms
only. The Citation may be served by any Mason of a de-
gree as high as that possessed by the Accused ; and such
service shall be by copy in writing —the original being re-
turned to the President with a certificate of service. If the
Accused cannot be found at his last known place of resi-
dence, and it is so returned, a copy of the Citation shall be
put up such place, in the chamber of any Masonic body
in
there, of which he was last a member, or in that oS. any Ma-
sonic body there, if he was a member of none ; or, if there
be no Masonic body in such place, then in any public place
there ; and due return made of such constructive service by
a Mason of the highest degree possessed by the Accused,
shall be sufficient to give the Tribunal jurisdiction. The
Citation cannot be served by delivery to a member of the
family of the Accused, or to any person other than him-
self, or by leaving a copy at his dwelling-house or place
of business.
Whenever the Accused or his Defender asks it, he
§ 13.
shallbe furnished with a copy of the Act of Accusation,
and a list of the witnesses against him.
§ 14. The day fixed for the appearance shall be at least
ten days after the actual or constructive service.
§ 15. Upon the day fixed, if the accused appear, he shall
STATUTES AND INSTITUTES. 409
orally.
ARTICLE IV.
Trial.
ARTICLE V.
Appeals.
be taken.
§ 6. From every judgment of a Grand Consistory on
questions of law arising in any case, an Appeal lies to the
Supreme Council, which shall decide the same, and such
an Appeal may be made suspensive by order of the resi-
dent Inspector-General or Sovereign Grand Commander.
412 STATUTES AND INSTITUTES.
ARTICLE VI.
premises.
ARTICLE VII.
SUPREME COUNCIL
AND
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
(7 May, 1870.)
That any Mason of the Anc. and Ace.-. Rite,
Resolved,
who shall reside permanently in the vicinity of a regularly
organized body or bodies of the Rite, and does not within
six months seek with such body, or with one of
affiliation
organized
them, shall be prohibited from visiting such
bodies, from receiving relief therefrom, and from Masonic
burial at their hands. (Council of Administration, 10 May,
1870.)
8
41 GENERAL REGULATIONS.
§ 4. Each member
present at the next Session of the Su-
preme Council, may nominate two Sublime Princes of the
Royal Secret of his State, to receive the rank and decora-
tion of Knight Commander of the Court of Honour each ;
And no fee or charge shall ever be made for the said rank
and decoration, or those of the Grand Cross of the Court
of Honour.
§ 7. The Supreme Council shall at the next, and everj
subsequent session, select from among the Knights Com-
manders, three Grand Crosses of the Court of Honour, and
no more.
§ 8. Each Grand Consistory may, at each meeting of the
Supreme Council, nominate one Prince of the Royal Secret
to receive the rank and decoration of Knight Commander
of the Court of Honour.
§ 9. No Prince of the Royal Secret shall be hereafter
elevated to the rank of Honorary Sovereign Grand Inspec-
tor-General, unless he be a Knight Commander of the
Court of Honour.
§ 10. Each Active Member of the Supreme Council will
be, virtute officii sui, an Honorary Grand Cross of the Court
of Honour, entitled to wear the decoration of that rank
and such Honorary Sovereign Grand Inspectors-General
also as may, for distinguished services, be elected thereto,
by vote of three-fourths of the members present in Su-
preme Council.
§ II. The Sovereign Grand Commander will be Prasfect
of the Court of Honour, and the Lieutenant Grand Com-
mander be Pro-Prasfect. The first
will Grand Cross se-
lected from each State will be the Pro-Praetor for such
State and the Grand Commander-in-Chief of each Grand
;
420 GENERAL REGULATIONS.
27
STATUTORY DISPOSITIONS
Enacted at May Session, 1872.
fore reported.
e. Of all diplomas, briefs and patents granted by him,
not before reported.
/. Of moneys received by him from each such
all
Albert Pike, ^
Sov.'. Gr:. Com:.
article vi.
article VII.
ARTICLE XXIII.
ARTICLE XXXIII.
§ 2. No Statute shall be adopted at the same session at
which it was proposed, but each must be referred to the
Committee on Jurisprudence and Legislation, and be concur-
red in by two-thirds of the members of the Supreme Council
except in extreme cases, when a new Statute, after reference
to the Committee on Jurisprudence and Legislation, may
be adopted by two-thirds of the members of the Council of
Administration.
—
A STATUTE OF 1872.
GRAND CONSTITUTIONS.
A STATUTE FOR THE ERECTION OF A SANCTUARY, AND THE
CREATION OF A CHARITY FUND.
1
434 DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL.
reduced below nine, the Active Member for the State may
create new Princes of the Royal Secret, each of whom,
when become ipso facto
invested with the 32d degree, will
a Member Grand Consistory and as soon as there
of the ;
his power to confer any and all of the degrees of the Rite
from the 4th to the 32d, on such persons as he may select
and to establish any of the said subordinate bodies, grant
ing Letters-Patent, which must be submitted to the Grand
Consistory for confirmation, —the fees for the degrees be-
longing to the Supreme Council, and those for Letters-Pa
tent to the Grand Consistory from which, also, those
;
sistory can confer no degrees except the 31st and 32d all ;
and other questions that may arise, and from his decision
upon any such question, any member may take an appeal
to the body itself, upon which the question will be whether
the decision of the presiding officer shall stand as the de-
cision of the Grand Consistory ; upon that question the
vote of the majority may reverse the decision.
30. If the act done in consequence is invalid, as contrary
decision of a question.
33. the general law of the Rite, when a vacancy oc-
By
curs in any one of the first three offices of a body
answer-
it, and in its place, within the sphere of its local jurisdiction.
of any degree below the 14th, the vote must be first taken in
a Lodge of such lower degree, upon admitting the appli-
cant to receive the degree* or degrees possessed by such
brother who has not attained the 14th ; after which, the
ballot will be had degrees above
in the 14th degree, for the
those that are possessed by such brother.
42. When one is balloted for, upon application to receive
the degrees given in any body of the Rite, all who are
present, whether members of the body or not, have a right
to vote because those not of the body are to become
;
vote be reconsidered.
59. NoBrother is at liberty to say that he voted in the
affirmative. If one could do so, all could, who so voted,
have not paid his dues, the certificate may be refused until
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Promulgated July 30, 187a.
STATUTES.
ARTICLE XXIX. § 7, 8 and 9.
Council and the officers of the Chapter shall fill each the
;
ARTICLE XVIII.
RESOLUTIONS.
1.The Council of Administration recommends to each
Grand and Particular Consistory, and to every Sov.". Gr.'.
Inspector-General or Deputy conferring the degree of
Prince of the Royal Secret, that there be added to the fee
for that degree the sum of five where the party is
dollars,
not already in possession of the Morals and Dogma of the
Rite, for which there be handed to him a copy of that work
and it also advises that there be bound, of the next edition,
in cloth, a sufficient number of copies in four parts each,
one for each of the bodies of the Rite, to wit, Lodge of Per-
fection, Chapter of Rose Croix, Council of Kadosh, and
Consistory (the Chapter of Rose Croix including the 15th
and 1 6th Degrees); and that every person thereafter re-
ceiving the last degree in each such body be furnished
with the portion of the Morals and Dogma belonging to
the same, and be taxed, in addition to the fee, with the
price set upon the same
and that thereafter no one ad-
:
33D Sword.
Blade —rapier, and double-edged. Length of
straight
blade, thirty-one inches, width near the hilt, f of an inch.
Hilt—yeWovf metal, slightly oval on the end, a crown
;
;
32D Sword.
Blade —same as that of 33d.
IfiU—sa.me, with helmet on upper end, instead of crown
and numerals xxxii. on shield, instead of xxxiii.
Scabbard—gold-plated.
Belt— white patent leather. Width, 3 inches.
Buckle-plate— same as 33d; length, from top to bottom,
3 inches. Width, 2^ inches cross reduced in proportion.
;
Kadosh Sword.
Blade—broad and double-edged. Width, an inch
or
29
454 CLOTHING AND ARMS.
REGULATIONS
PRESCRIBING THE MODE OF WEARING THE GRAND DECORA-
TIONS OF THE 33D DEGREE, IN THE SOUTHERN JURIS-
DICTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
by all Active and Emeriti Members that have been 33ds fof
twenty years, and by Special Representatives of the Su-
preme Council in foreign countries.
SUPREME COUNCIL
FOR THE
DIGNITARIES.
1. Albert Pike, resident of Washington, in the District of Co-
lumbia. ^or«, December 29, 1809, at Boston, Massachusetts. Coun-
selor-at-Law. Admitted hora Arkansas in 1858.
Sov.'. Gr:. Commander, H:. E:. £ieeted such, in 1859.
* The 111.'. Sec.'. Gen.', is the third officer in rank, while the office continues
to be filled by this Brother, the Dean of the Supreme Council.
(457)
458 ROLL OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL.
OFFICERS.
9. Luke Edgar Barber, resident of Little Rock, Arkansas.
Born, September 9, 1806, at St. Mary's Co., Maryland. President
of College and Counselor-at-Law. Admitted va. 1859.
Grand Almoner. Appointed \n March, 1871.
ACTIVE MEMBERS.
17. Thomas Hubbard Caswell, resident of Nevada City, Cali-
fornia. Born, August 10, 1825, at Exeter, Otsego Co., New York.
Counselor-at-Law. Admitted in Ma.y, iSjo. Sov.'. Gr.'. Inspector-
General.
HONORARY OFFICERS.
GusTAV Adolf Schwarzman, resident of Baltimore, Maryland
Born, March 17, 1815, at Stuttgart, Wurtemberg. Notary Public.
Hon.'. Sov.'. Gr.'. Inspector-General. Grand Tiler.
EMERITI MEMBERS.
John Henry Honour, 330, of Charleston, South Carolina, Ex.".
Grand Commander. Resigned in 1859. ^«;r«, at Charleston,
Sov.'.
South Carolina, Dec. 20, 1802. Banker.
—
VACANCIES.
22. Virginia
23. North Carolina
....
. . . .
31.
32.
33.
Louisiana
Minnesota
Nevada
....
HONORARY MEMBERS,
RESIDENT IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS, AND ELECTED AS SUCH.
OF LYONS, IOWA.
M
HONOS VIRTUTIS PR^EMIUM.
KNIGHTS COMMANDERS