Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2021

Pearson Edexcel International Lower

Secondary Curriculum
In Science (LSC11) Paper 01 Year 9 Achievement
Test
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Summer 2021
Publications Code LSC11_01_2106_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2021
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners

must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they
mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must
be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather
than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade boundaries
may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be
awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if
deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero
marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit
according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will
provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and
exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of
the mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader
must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate
has replaced it with an alternative response.
Using the Mark Scheme

Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This does NOT mean
giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does mean allowing candidates to be
rewarded for answers showing correct application of principles and knowledge. Examiners should
therefore read carefully and consider every response: even if it is not what is expected it may be
worthy of credit.

The mark scheme gives examiners:

• an idea of the types of response expected
• how individual marks are to be awarded
• the total mark for each question
• examples of responses that should NOT receive credit.

/ means that the responses are alternatives and either answer should receive full credit.

( ) means that a phrase/word is not essential for the award of the mark, but helps the examiner to
get the sense of the expected answer.
Phrases/words in bold indicate that the meaning of the phrase or the actual word is essential to
the answer. ecf/TE/cq (error carried forward) means that a wrong answer given in an earlier part
of a question is used correctly in answer to a later part of the same question.

Candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark. Make sure that the
answer makes sense. Do not give credit for correct words/phrases which are put together in a
meaningless manner. Answers must be in the correct context.

Quality of Written Communication

Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:
• write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to make the
meaning clear · select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to complex
subject matter · organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary when
appropriate.

Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities.
Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the
mark scheme, but this does not preclude others.
Question Answer Mark
number
The only correct answer is D the voltage across both bulbs is (1)
1
the same

A is not correct because the current flowing through both bulbs would
be the same
B is not correct because the current flowing through both bulbs would
be the same
C is not correct because the voltage across both bulbs would be the
same

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is C, 3 atoms (1)
2

A is not correct because there is 1 atom of carbon and 2 of oxygen in

each molecule of carbon dioxide
B is not correct because there is 1 atom of carbon and 2 of oxygen in
each molecule of carbon dioxide
D is not correct because there is 1 atom of carbon and 2 of oxygen in
each molecule of carbon dioxide

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is D, 3 → 1 → 4 → 2 (1)
3

A is not correct because a selection based on the desirable characteristic

must be the start of the process.

B is not correct because a selection based on the desirable characteristic

must be the start of the process.

C is not correct because a selection based on the desirable characteristic

must be the start of the process.

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is B, magnesium (1)
4

A is not correct because aluminium is in a different group

C is not correct because sodium is in a different group

D is not correct because zinc is in a different group

Question Answer Mark
number
The only correct answer is B it has thick-walls and carries (1)
5
oxygenated blood at high pressure

A is not correct because arteries have high pressure

C is not correct because arteries have thick walls and high pressure

D is not correct because arteries have thick walls

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
6 (2)
One mark for each
correct answer.
cell membrane

cytoplasm
Question Answer Mark
number
7 (2)

All 3 correct = 2 marks

1 or 2 correct = 1 mark
0 correct = 0 marks
Do not credit where more than one line from any of the diagram boxes
is drawn.

Question Answer Mark

number
8 (a) hydrogen (1)
accept correct formula

8(b) Accept any answer in range 8 – 14 (1)

Accept ranges within the accepted range

8 (c) (An exothermic reaction) {gives out / produces / releases} {thermal / (1)
heat (energy)}
Question Answer Mark
number
9 (3)
normal drawn perpendicular to mirror (judge by eye) where
incident ray meets the mirror (1)

reflected ray with arrow to indicate direction drawn on opposite

side of normal to the incident ray (1)

Angle of reflection equal to angle of incidence (judge by eye) (1)

light ray
normal
angle of
reflection

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
10 (a) All three (1)
Micro-organism Cell wall Mitochondria Nucleus correct for
one mark
bacteria  × ×

fungi   

virus × × ×

10 (b) they do not show (all seven) characteristics of Accept a (1)

living things / they cannot live independently / virus can
they cannot reproduce independently only
reproduce
when it
inhabits a
host (cell)
Question Answer Mark
number
(1)
11(a) ohm(s)/Ω

Question Answer Mark

number
(2)
11(b) 3 (ohms)
Correct answer scores 2 marks
If answer is incorrect award 1 mark if a correct rearrangement of the
formula is seen either in numbers (4.5/1.5) or in symbols (R=V/I)

Question Answer Mark

number
12 The only correct answer is A, 0.5 : 1 (1)

B is not correct because surface area is 6 x 12 x 12 and volume is 12 x

12 x 12 so ratio is 0.5 :1

C is not correct because surface area is 6 x 12 x 12 and volume is 12 x

12 x 12 so ratio is 0.5 :1

D is not correct because surface area is 6 x 12 x 12 and volume is 12 x 12 x

12 so ratio is 0.5 :1

Question Answer Mark

number
13 The only correct answer is A, glass, PVC (1)

B is not correct because MDF is a composite material, not a polymer

C is not correct because GRP is a composite material not a ceramic

D is not correct because glass is a ceramic not a polymer

Question Answer Mark

number
14 The only correct answer is C (1)

A is not correct because it has a lower frequency than C

B is not correct because it has a lower frequency than C

D is not correct because it has a lower frequency than C

Question Answer Mark
number
15 The only correct answer is B, 14 (1)

A is not correct because 13 is the number of protons

C is not correct because 27 is the mass number

D is not correct because 40 is bigger than the mass number

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is C, Nm (1)
16

A is not correct because N is the unit of force

B is not correct because N/m is not a valid unit

D is not correct because Nm2 is not a valid unit

Question Answer Mark

number
One mark for each correct answer (3)
17

Gravity is an example of a non-contact force.

The upward force on the parachutist is caused by air resistance.

When the parachute reaches terminal velocity, the resultant force is

zero.
Question Answer Mark
number
(1)
18

relative charge

+1 0 -1

electron 

neutron 

proton 

All correct for 1 mark

Do not award mark if more than one tick in any row

Question Answer Mark

number
(2)
19 The greatest proportion of air is nitrogen whilst approximately 21% of
the air is oxygen.

Question Answer Mark

number
(2)
20(a)

All 3 correct = 2 marks

1 or 2 correct = 1 mark
0 correct = 0 marks

Do not award mark for answers with more than one line from any of the
boxes on the left.
Question Answer Mark
number
20(b) (1)
white fur / small ears / big feet / (strong) claws

ACCEPT thick fur / thick layer of fat / thick hide/ thick skin

Question Answer Mark

number
21 (2)

One mark for each correct line.

Do not award a mark if more than one line is drawn from a speed box.
Question Answer Mark
number
22 (2)

One mark for each correct line.

Do not award a mark if more than one line is drawn from a force box.

Question Answer Mark

number
23 (2)
(the student’s pulse rate) increases (1)

(Because)

(their muscles) need more oxygen/fuel/glucose (1)

Question Answer Mark

number
24 The only correct answer is B, cholera and salmonella (1)

A is not correct because athletes’ foot and flu are not caused by bacteria

C is not correct because flu is a virus and scurvy is caused by a dietary

deficiency

D is not correct because malaria and rickets are not caused by bacteria
Question Answer Mark
number
25 The only correct answer is D acid + metal carbonate  salt + (1)
water + carbon dioxide

A is not correct because the reaction also produces water

B is not correct because the reaction does not produce hydrogen

C is not correct because the reaction also produces carbon dioxide

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is C, the objects will attract each other if one (1)
26
object is positive and the other is negative

A is not correct because they would repel if both were positive

B is not correct because they would repel if both were negative

D is not correct because charged objects exert a force on each other

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is C, C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O (1)
27

A is not correct because CO2 should be produced

B is not correct because not enough CO2 is produced in this equation

D is not correct because not enough oxygen is present in the reactants.

Question Answer Mark

number
The only correct answer is C 7500 N (1)
28

A is not correct because 500 N would produce an anticlockwise moment

that is too small to balance the load.

B is not correct because 4500 N would produce an anticlockwise moment

that is too small to balance the load.

D is not correct because 22 500 N would produce an anticlockwise

moment that is too large to balance the load.
Question Answer Mark
number
(2)
29 (work done = 690 x 10 =) 6900 (1)

(Units =) Nm / J / joules (1)

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
ACCEPT any named (2)
30(a) Any two from
vitamin (eg vitamin C) or
fat / carbohydrate / vitamins / minerals / named mineral (eg iron)
fibre ACCEPT roughage for fibre
Allow water

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
30(b) (2)
starvation is caused by not eating (enough) /
(sufficient) food (1)
malnutrition is not consuming the correct ACCEPT not having a
proportion of fat / carbohydrate / vitamins / properly balanced diet /
minerals (1) not the correct balance of
nutrients

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
31(a) ALLOW displacement (1)
reduction

Question Answer Mark

number
31(b) (2)
iron is more reactive than lead (1) Accept order of reactivity
is X, iron, lead (1) with X
metal X is more reactive than iron (and lead)
being the most reactive (1)
(1)

Accept reverse arguments

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark
number
32 (water molecules will diffuse/move) into the cell (2)
(1)

(because)

concentration (of water molecules) is greater ALLOW water moves

outside the cell (1) from high
concentration to low
concentration

Question Answer Mark

number
33(a) correct identification of hydrogen (H2) as a product (1) (2)

correctly balanced chemical equation (1)

Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2

Question Answer Mark

number
33(b) (156.00 + 5.0) – 160.78 (1) (2)

0.22(g) (1)

Correct answer without working scores 2 marks

Question Answer Mark

number
(1)
34(a)(i) measuring cylinder / pipette / burette

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
34(a)(ii) (1)
(moderate) (health) hazard ACCEPT harmful /
irritant

Question Answer Additional guidance Mark

number
34(a)(iii) wear (safety) goggles / safety glasses /eye (1)
protection
Question Answer Mark
number
34(b) (3)

Control Dependent Independent

Variable
variable variable Variable

concentration of
sodium thiosulfate 
solution

volume of
hydrochloric acid and 
sodium thiosulfate

temperature of dilute
hydrochloric acid 
time taken for cross
to no longer be seen 

Do not award mark if more than one tick in any row

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
34(c)(i) point at 40°C circled (1)
34(c)(ii) Smooth curve missing out point at 40oC Ignore any curve (1)
drawn outside of
given points

Question Answer Mark

number
35(a) 2.0 (1)

Question Answer Mark

number
35(b) Allow each time a weight is (2)
as the number of weights increases (1)
added the rubber stretches
the stretch increases / pointer position
2.5 cm
reading decreases (1)
or
stretch is directly
proportional to the number
of weights added to gain
both marks
Question Answer Additional Mark
number guidance
35(c) (3)
{initially / for small weights / for up to 4 weights} Accept RA
rubber band A stretches more than rubber band B
(1)

with {5 / 6 } weights rubber band B does have a Accept RA

greater stretch than A (1)

when more than 3 weights are added (to the Accept RA

rubber bands) B stretches more than A for each
added weight (1)

Question Answer Additional Mark

number guidance
36(a) the (rate of) photosynthesis / number of bubbles (1)
produced (per minute) will increase

Question Answer Mark

number
36(b) (1)
voltmeter drawn in parallel with bulb

Question Answer Mark

number
36(c)(i) (1)
(number of) bubbles per minute

Question Answer Mark

number
36(c)(ii) (1)
keeps distance between lamp and pond weed the same throughout /
control the water temperature / darkened room ensures that ambient
light has no effect OWTTE

Question Answer Mark

number
36(c)(iii) repeat (and average) (investigation) (1)
 Question Answer Mark
number
36(d) (1)
how does the rate of photosynthesis vary with the distance between the
lamp and the pondweed?

ACCEPT any other valid suggestion.

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