PRONUNCIATION LESSONS

Nội dung
- Bảng IPA
- Thực hành các nguyên âm , phụ âm
- Âm –ED endings
- Âm –S/ES endings
- Từ vựng các Topics thông dụng
I. Bảng IPA
MONOPHTHONGS DIPHTHONGS
(nguyên âm đơn) (nguyên âm đôi)
i: ɪ ʊ uː ɪə eɪ IPA
sheep ship foot food ear eight
/ʃiːp/ /ʃɪp/ /fʊt/ /fuːd/ /ɪər/ /eɪt/

ə
VOWELS

e leader
ɜː ɔː ʊə ɔɪ əʊ CHART
bed bird door toy show
/ sure
/bed/ /bɜːrd/ /dɔːr/ /tɔɪ/ /ʃəʊ/
ˈliː.dər/ /ʃʊər/

æ ʌ ɑː ɒ eə aɪ aʊ
cat cut card not share cry cow
/kæt/ /kʌt/ /kɑːrd/ /nɒt/ /ʃeər/ /kraɪ/ /kaʊ/

p b t d tʃ dʒ k ɡ
pie bye tie dye cheap jeep came game
/paɪ/ /baɪ/ /taɪ/ /daɪ/ /tʃiːp/ /dʒiːp/ /keɪm/ /ɡeɪm/
CONSONANTS

f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ
fan van think there see zoom she vision
/fæn/ /væn/ /θɪŋk/ /ðeər/ /siː/ /zuːm/ /ʃiː/ /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

m n ŋ h l r w j
ankle
mail nail hit lit red wet yes
/
/meɪl/ /neɪl/ /hɪt/ /lɪt/ /red/ /wet/ /jes/
ˈæŋ.kəl/
 VOWELS
bee /biː/ is /ɪz/
/i:/ leave /liːv/ /ɪ/ live /lɪv/
sheep /ʃiːp/ ship /ʃɪp/
food /fuːd/ foot /fʊt/
/uː/ pool /puːl/ /ʊ/ pull /pʊl/
shoot /ʃuːt/ good /ɡʊd/
bird /bɜːd/ handsome /ˈhæn.səm/
/ɜː/ surf /sɜːf/ /ə/ banana /bəˈnæn.ə/
work /wɜːk/ zebra /ˈziː.brə/
door /dɔːr/ coffee /ˈkɒf.i/
/ɔː/ short /ʃɔːrt/ /ɒ/ clock /klɒk/
fork /fɔːrk/ doctor /ˈdɒk.tər/
star /stɑːr/ oven /ˈʌv.ən/
/ɑː/ park /pɑːrk/ /ʌ/ dove /dʌv/
card /kɑːrd/ cut /kʌt/
cat /kæt/ bed /bed/
/æ/ black /blæk/ /e/ never /ˈnev.ər/
man /mæn/ men /men/
beer /bɪər/ eight /eɪt/
/ɪə/ career /kəˈrɪər/ /eɪ/ always /ˈɔːl.weɪz/
material /məˈtɪə.ri.əl/ persuade /pəˈsweɪd/
boy /bɔɪ/ road /rəʊd/
/ɔɪ/ boil /bɔɪl/ /əʊ/ cold /kəʊld/
noisy /ˈnɔɪ.zi/ mosquito /məˈskiː.təʊ/
hair /heər/ rice /raɪs/
/eə/ bear /beər/ /aɪ/ island /ˈaɪ.lənd/
stairs /steərz/ require /rɪˈkwaɪər/
house /haʊs/ tourist /ˈtʊə.rɪst/
/aʊ/ mountain /ˈmaʊn.tən/ /ʊə/ boorish /ˈbʊər.ɪʃ/
flower /flaʊər/ dour /dʊər/
 CONSONANTS
two /tu:/ dock /dɒk/
/t/ table /ˈteɪ.bəl/ /d/ lady /ˈleɪ.di/
student /ˈstjuː.dənt/ decorate /ˈdek.ə.reɪt/
pencil /ˈpen.səl/ baby /ˈbeɪ.bi/
passport /ˈpɑːs.pɔːt/ neighbor /ˈneɪ.bər/
/p/ newspaper /ˈnjuːz /b/ butterfly /ˈbʌt.ə.flaɪ/
ˌpeɪ.pər/
five /faɪv/ heavy /ˈhev.i/
/f/ leaf /liːf/ /v/ invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/
friend /frend/ believe /bɪˈliːv/
city /ˈsɪt.i/ zoo /zuː/
/s/ class /klɑːs/ /z/ season /ˈsiː.zən/
six /sɪks/ closet /ˈklɒz.ɪt/
custom /ˈkʌs.təm/ ghost /ɡəʊst/
/k/ pocket /ˈpɒk.ɪt/ /g/ glass /ɡlɑːs/
cartoon /kɑːrˈtuːn/ guidance /ˈɡaɪ.dəns/
people /ˈpiː.pəl/ remember /rɪˈmem.bər/
/l/ little /ˈlɪt.əl/ /m/ memory /ˈmem.ər.i/
difficult /ˈdɪf.ɪ.kəlt/ memorial /məˈmɔː.ri.əl/
ant /ænt/ singer /ˈsɪŋ.ər/
/n/ knife /naɪf/ /ŋ/ single /ˈsɪŋ.ɡəl/
nobody /ˈnəʊ.bɒd.i/ evening /ˈiːv.nɪŋ/
hello /heˈləʊ/ red /red/
/h/ hope /həʊp/ /r/ grass /ɡrɑːs/
hospital /ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl/ library /ˈlaɪ.brer.i/
wind /wɪnd/ year /jɪər/
/w/ wheel /wiːl/ /j/ yard /jɑːrd/
weekend /ˌwiːkˈend/ yellow /ˈjel.əʊ/
fish /fɪʃ/ Asia /ˈeɪ.ʒə/
/ʃ/ nation /ˈneɪ.ʃən/ /ʒ/ leisure /ˈleʒ.ər/
national /ˈnæʃ.ən.əl/ vision /ˈvɪʒ.ən/
/tʃ/ chicken /ˈtʃɪk.ɪn/ /dʒ/ July /dʒʊˈlaɪ/
church /tʃɜːtʃ/ major /ˈmeɪ.dʒər/
 culture /ˈkʌl.tʃər/ orange /ˈɔːr.ɪndʒ/
birthday /ˈbɜːθ.deɪ/ teeth weather /ˈweð.ər/
/θ/ /tiːθ/ /ð/ father /ˈfɑː.ðər/
three /θriː/ smoothie /ˈsmuː.ði/

II. Âm –ED endings

1. Đuôi –ed được phát âm là /ɪd/ khi động từ kết thúc bằng /t/ hoặc /d/
hate hated I hated speaking in public.
/heɪt/ /heɪtɪd/ /aɪ//heɪtɪd//ˈspiː.kɪŋ//ɪn//ˈpʌb.lɪk/
/t/
visit visited He visited his grandmother last week.
/ˈvɪz.ɪt/ /ˈvɪz.ɪtɪd/ /hiː//ˈvɪz.ɪtɪd//hɪz//ˈɡræm.mʌð.ər/ /læst/ /wiːk/
need needed I needed a new bicycle.
/niːd/ /niːdɪd/ /aɪ//niːdɪd/ /ə/ /njuː//ˈbaɪ.sə.kəl/
/d/
decide decided /dɪ I decided to go abroad two years ago.
/dɪˈsaɪd/ ˈsaɪ.dɪd/ /aɪ//dɪˈsaɪ.dɪd//tʊ//ɡoʊ//əˈbrɑːd//tuː//jɪərz//əˈɡoʊ/

2. Đuôi –ed được phát âm là /t/ khi động từ kết thúc bằng các âm
/s/, /p/, /k/, /f/, / ʃ/, /tʃ/
miss missed I missed the bus.
/mɪs/ /mɪst/ /aɪ/ /mɪst/ /ðə/ /bʌs/
/s/
discuss /dɪ discussed We discussed this topic.
ˈskʌs/ /dɪˈskʌst/ /wiː/ /dɪˈskʌst/ /ðɪs/ /ˈtɒp.ɪk/
stop stopped My father stopped smoking.
/stɒp/ /stɒpt/ /maɪ//ˈfɑː.ðɚ/ /stɒpt/ /ˈsmoʊ.kɪŋ/
/p/
hope hoped I hoped I would see you yesterday.
/hoʊp/ /hoʊpt/ /aɪ//hoʊpt//aɪ/ /wʊd/ /siː/ /juː/ /ˈjes.tə.deɪ/
cook cooked My mother has cooked dinner.
/kʊk/ /kʊkt/ / maɪ//ˈmʌð.ər//hæz//kʊkt/ /ˈdɪn.ər/
/k/
like liked I liked playing with dolls when I was a kid.
/laɪk/ /laɪkt/ /aɪ//laɪkt//ˈpleɪ.ɪŋ/ /wɪð/ /dɒlz/ /wen/ /aɪ/ /wəz/ /ə//kɪd/
/f/ cough coughed / I coughed all night long.
/kɒf/ kɒft/ /aɪ/ /kɒft/ /ɑːl/ /naɪt/ /lɒŋ/
surf surfed I surfed the internet to look for the information.
 /sɝːf/ /sɝːft/ /aɪ//sɝːft//ðiː//ˈɪn.t̬ ɚ.net//tʊ/ /lʊk//fɔːr//ðiː/ /ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/
wash washed / I have my clothes washed by my mother.
/wɑːʃ/ wɑːʃt/ /aɪ//hæv//maɪ/ /kloʊðz/ /wɑːʃt/ /baɪ//maɪ//ˈmʌð.ər/
/ʃ/
finish finished Have you finished your homework ?
/ˈfɪn.ɪʃ/ /ˈfɪn.ɪʃt/ /hæv/ /juː/ /ˈfɪn.ɪʃt/ /jɔːr/ /ˈhoʊm.wɝːk/
watch watched / I watched TV for a couple of hours.
/wɑːtʃ/ wɑːtʃt/ /aɪ//wɑːtʃt/ /ˌtiːˈviː/ fɔːr//ə//ˈkʌp.əl//əv//aʊrz/
/tʃ/
reach reached They finally reached the coast.
/riːtʃ/ /riːtʃt/ /ðeɪ/ /ˈfaɪ.nəl.i/ /riːtʃt/ /ðə/ /koʊst/

3. Đuôi –ed được phát âm là /d/ với những trường hợp còn lại
study studied They studied very hard.
/ˈstʌd.i/ /ˈstʌd.id/ /ðeɪ/ /ˈstʌd.id /ˈver.i/ /hɑːrd/
vowel
die died My dog died last week.
/daɪ/ /daɪd/ /maɪ//dɒɡ//daɪd/ /læst//wiːk/
subscribed
subscribe / Many people subscribed to this music channel.
/b/ /səb
səbˈskraɪb/ /ˈmen.i//ˈpiː.pəl//səbˈskraɪbd//tʊ//ðɪs//ˈmjuː.zɪk//ˈtʃæn.əl/
ˈskraɪbd/
hug hugged They hugged each other when they met.
/g/
/hʌɡ/ /hʌɡd/ /ðeɪ/ /hʌɡd/ /iːtʃ/ /ˈʌð.ɚ/ /wen/ /ðeɪ/ /met/
call called I called a doctor last night.
/l/
/kɔːl/ /kɔːld/ /aɪ//kɔːld//ə//ˈdɒk.tər//læst/ /naɪt/
dream dreamed I dreamed that I was having a baby.
/m/
/driːm/ /driːmd/ /aɪ//driːmd/ /ðæt//aɪ//wəz//hæviŋ/ /ə//ˈbeɪ.bi/
plan planned Our meeting wasn’t planned.
/n/ /plænd/
/plæn/ /aʊr//ˈmiː.t̬ ɪŋ/ /ˈwɑː.zənt//plænd/
belong belonged /bɪ This house belonged to an old man.
/ŋ/
/bɪˈlɒŋ/ ˈlɒŋd/ /ðɪs/ /haʊs/ /bɪˈlɒŋd/ /tʊ//ən//oʊld//mæn/
love loved I loved you very much.
/v/
/lʌv/ /lʌvd/ /aɪ//lʌvd/ /juː/ /ˈver.i/ /mʌtʃ/
change changed My hometown has changed a lot.
/dʒ/
/tʃeɪndʒ/ /tʃeɪndʒd/ /maɪ//ˈhoʊm.taʊn/ /hæz/ /tʃeɪndʒd/ /ə/ /lɒt/
use used The old hospital isn’t used any more.
/z/
/juːz/ /juːzd/ /ðiː/ /oʊld//ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl//ˈɪz.ənt/ /juːzd//ˈen.i//mɔːr/
III. Âm S/ES endings
1. Đuôi S/ES được phát âm là /ɪz/ khi từ kết thúc bằng các âm /s/,
/z/, /∫/, /t∫/, /ʒ/ /dʒ/
place places I traveled to many places in Vietnam.
/pleɪs/ /pleɪsɪz/ /aɪ//ˈtræv.əld//tʊ//ˈmen.i//pleɪsɪz//ɪn//ˌvjetˈnæm/
/s/
tax taxes Cigarettes are subject to a number of taxes.
/tæks/ /tæksɪz/ /ˈsɪɡ.ə.rets/ /ɑːr//ˈsʌb.dʒekt//tʊ//ə//ˈnʌm.bər//əv//tæksɪz/
exercise exericses I have many exercises to do.
/ˈek.sə.saɪz/ /ˈek.sə.saɪzɪz/ /aɪ//hæv//ˈmen.i/ /ˈek.sə.saɪzɪz//tʊ//duː/
/z/
quiz quizzes The book uses many quizzes.
/kwɪz/ /kwɪzɪz/ /ðə/ /bʊk/ /juːzɪz//ˈmen.i/ /kwɪzɪz/
wash washes He hardly ever washes the dishes.
/wɑːʃ/ /wɑːʃɪz/ /hiː//ˈhɑːrd.li//ˈev.ər//wɑːʃɪz/ /ðə/ /dɪʃɪz/
/ʃ/
finish finishes My brother finishes his homework.
/ˈfɪn.ɪʃ/ /ˈfɪn.ɪʃɪz/ /maɪ/ /ˈbrʌð.ər/ /ˈfɪn.ɪʃɪz/ /hɪz/ / ˈhoʊm.wɝːk/
mirage mirages /mɪ Mirages are most common in deserts.
/mɪˈrɑːʒ/ ˈrɑːʒɪz/ /mɪˈrɑːʒɪz/ /ɑːr/ /moʊst//ˈkɒm.ən/ /ɪn/ /ˈdez.əts/
/ʒ/ Anne massages my neck whenever I have a headache.
massage massages
/æn/ /məˈsɑːʒɪz/ /maɪ/ /nek/ /wenˈev.ər//aɪ//hæv//ə/ /ˈhed.eɪk/
/məˈsɑːʒ/ /məˈsɑːʒɪz/
There are a large number of churches in my
church churches hometown.
/tʃɜːtʃ/ /tʃɜːtʃɪz/ /ðeər/ /ɑːr/ /ə/ /lɑːrdʒ//ˈnʌm.bər//əv//tʃɜːtʃɪz//ɪn//maɪ/
/tʃ/ /ˈhoʊm.taʊn/
watch watches My father watches TV.
/wɑːtʃ/ /wɑːtʃɪz/ /maɪ//ˈfɑː.ðər/ /wɑːtʃɪz/ /ˌtiːˈviː/
bridge bridges They built two bridges over the river.
/brɪdʒ/ /brɪdʒɪz/ /ðeɪ/ /bɪlt/ /tuː/ /brɪdʒɪz/ /ˈəʊ.vər//ðə//ˈrɪv.ər/
/dʒ/
language languages I can speak three languages.
/ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪdʒ/ /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪdʒɪz/ /aɪ/ /kən/ /spiːk/ /θriː/ /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪdʒɪz/

2. Đuôi S/ES được phát âm là /s/ khi từ kết thúc bằng các âm /t/,
/p/, /f/, /k/, /θ/
 minute minutes / It takes me thirty minutes to do the task.
/ˈmɪn.ɪt/ ˈmɪn.ɪts/ /ɪt//teɪks/ /mi//ˈθɝː.t̬ i//ˈmɪn.ɪts/ /tʊ /duː//ðə/ /tæsk/
/t/
cat cats I feed four cute cats.
/kæt/ /kæts/ /aɪ//fiːd/ /fɔːr/ /kjuːt/ /kæts/
shop shops There are many shops on this road.
/ʃɒp/ /ʃɒps/ /ðeər / /ɑːr//ˈmen.i/ /ʃɒps/ /ɒn//ðɪs/ /roʊd/
/p/
sleep sleeps She sleeps on the sofa.
/sliːp/ /sliːps/ /ʃiː/ /sliːps/ /ɒn/ /ðə//ˈsoʊ.fə/
laugh laughs She laughs at me.
/læf/ / læfs/ /ʃiː/ /læfs/ /ət/ /mi/
/f/
graph graphs There are some graphs on the essay.
/ɡræf/ /ɡræfs/ /ðeər/ /ɑːr/ /sʌm/ /ɡræfs/ /ɒn/ /ðə//ˈes.eɪ/
book books Reading books is one of my hobbies.
/bʊk/ /bʊks/ /ˈriː.dɪŋ/ /bʊks/ /ɪz//wʌn//əv//maɪ//ˈhɒb.iz/
/k/
work work He works as a doctor.
/wɜːk/ /wɜːks/ /hiː/ /wɜːks/ /æz//ə//ˈdɒk.tər/
month months There are twelve months in a year.
/mʌnθ/ /mʌnθs/ /ðeər/ /ɑːr/ /twelv/ /mʌnθs/ /ɪn/ /ə//jɪər/
/θ/
birth births The percentage of live births continues to increase.
/bɜːθ/ /bɜːθs/ /ðə/ /pəˈsen.tɪdʒ/ /əv/ /laɪv/ /bɜːθs/ /kənˈtɪn.juːz//tʊ/ /ɪnˈkriːs/

3. Đuôi S/ES được phát âm là /z/ trong các trường hợp còn lại.
see sees She only sees her parents once every six months.
/siː/ /siːz/ /ʃiː//ˈoʊn.li//siːz//hər//ˈper.ənts//wʌns//ˈev.ri//sɪks//mʌnθs/
play plays The boy who plays with fire gets burned.
vowel
/pleɪ/ /pleɪz/ /ðə/ /bɔɪ/ /huː/ /pleɪz/ /wɪð/ /faɪər//ɡets/ /bɝːnd/
go goes It goes without saying.
/ɡəʊ/ /ɡəʊz/ /ɪt//ɡəʊz//wɪˈðaʊt/ /ˈseɪ.ɪŋ/
web webs You can access many webs to find more information.
/b/
/web/ /webz/ /juː/ /kən//ˈæk.ses//ˈmen.i//webz//tʊ//faɪnd//mɔːr//ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/
dog dogs There are five dogs in my house.
/g/
/dɒɡ/ /dɒɡz/ /ðeər/ /ɑːr/ /faɪv/ /dɒɡz/ /ɪn//maɪ/ /haʊs/
Your essay should be no more than two thousand
word words words long.
/d/
/wɜːd/ /wɜːdz/ /jɔːr/ /ˈes.eɪ/ /ʃʊd/ /biː/ /noʊ//mɔːr/ /ðæn/ /tuː/
/ˈθaʊ.zənd/ /wɜːdz/ /lɒŋ/
 live lives My uncle lives abroad.
/v/
/lɪv/ /lɪvz/ /maɪ//ˈʌŋ.kəl//lɪvz/ /əˈbrɔːd/
email emails I sent a lot of emails to my customers.
/l/
/ˈiː.meɪl/ /ˈiː.meɪlz/ /aɪ//sent//ə//lɒt//əv//ˈiː.meɪlz//tʊ//maɪ//ˈkʌs.tə.mərz/
boom booms This year has seen booms in book sales.
/m/
/buːm/ /buːmz/ /ðɪs/ /jɪər/ /hæz/ /siːn/ / buːmz/ /ɪn/ /bʊk/ /seɪlz/
rain rains It rains heavily.
/n/
/reɪn/ /reɪnz/ /ɪt//reɪnz/ /ˈhev.əl.i/
sing sings She sings very beautifully.
/ŋ/
/sɪŋ/ /sɪŋz/ /ʃiː/ /sɪŋz/ /ˈver.i/ /ˈbjuː.t̬ ə.fəl.i/
car cars He owns some luxurious cars.
/r/
/kɑːr/ /kɑːrz/ /hiː/ /oʊnz/ /sʌm/ /lʌɡˈʒʊr.i.əs/ /kɑːrz/
clothe clothes I spent a lot of money buying clothes.
/ð/
/kləʊð/ /kləʊðz/ /aɪ//spent//ə//lɒt//əv//ˈmʌn.i/ /baɪɪŋ/ /kloʊðz/

IV. Từ vựng các chủ đề

1. Topic FAMILY
Từ vựng - Phiên âm Nghĩa Ví dụ
family

nuclear family

extended family

parent

single parent

grandmother/ grandfather

sibling

older/ younger brother

older/ younger sister

daughter
son

nephew

niece

cousin

relative

distant relative

uncle

aunt

get together

look after/ take care of

bring up

grow up

give birth to

settle down

fall out with

breadwinner

live far from

marriage

divorce

wear the trousers

 Practise:
Ex 1:
Jessica’s family
My name is Jessica. I am 19 years old. I live in California with my small family. I live
with my parents and my sister. We have a small beautiful house. We are all very happy in
our house. My parents are very good. My father is a manager in the bank. My mother is a
teacher in school. My parents help me with my studies. My mother gets up in the
morning. She cooks for the whole house. Then, she goes to her school. My sister studies
in school. She is very intelligent and hardworking. She helps me with my studies as well.
She is the smartest in her class. She always comes first. I study in university. I like indoor
games like cards and other board games. My parents are very simple. My father is always
ready to help the poor. He has a compassionate heart. We accompany our parents every
weekend to the local charity. I am proud of my parents. I love my family very much.
- nineteen /ˌnaɪnˈtiːn/ : mười chín
- California /ˌkæl.ɪ.ˈfɔː.ni.ə /
- manager /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒər/ (n) quản lý
- intelligent /ɪnˈtel.ə.dʒənt/ (adj) thông minh
- compassionate /kəmˈpæʃ.ən.ət/ (adj) động lòng thương xót
- accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/ (v) đi cùng với
- weekend /ˈwiːk.end/ (n) cuối tuần
- local /ˈloʊ.kəl/ (adj) địa phương
- charity /ˈtʃær.ə.ti/ (n) tổ chức từ thiện
- proud of /praʊd / (adj) tự hào về ai đó

Ex 2:
Paul’s family
Welcome to my home. My name is Paul. I’m 12 years old and this is my beautiful family.
There are six people in my family: my mom, my dad, my two sisters and my younger
brother and me. My sister, Olivia, is 10. She is in the fourth grade. She loves reading. Her
favorite school subject is English. My younger brother, Oliver, is 7. He is in the first
grade. He loves playing games with his spinning top. He never seems to have enough.
Lucy is my youngest sister, who has just turned four. She is in kindergarten and loves
playing with her dolls. We get along very well and love each other very much, but,
sometimes, we have our fights and arguments, too. We usually make up soon afterwards.
My mom is a nurse and she works in a hospital. She is so kind and compassionate, and
she always takes good care of the sick people. When she gets home, she always helps up
with our homework. My mom is an excellent cook and she loves to bake delicious cakes.
My dad is a photographer. He travels pretty often with his job, to make great pictures in
different places. When he returns home from his travels, he tries to spend as much time as
possible with us and we have a lot of fun together. On weekend, we sometimes go on
bike rides together.
- spinning top /ˈspɪn.ɪŋ ˌtɒp/ (n) con quay
- kindergarten /ˈkɪn.dəˌɡɑː.tən/ (n) trường mầm non
- get along well /ɡet əˈlɒŋ wel/ (phrasal V) có mối quan hệ tốt
- argument /ˈɑːɡ.jə.mənt/ (n) tranh cãi
- make up /meɪk ʌp/ (phrasal V) làm hòa
- afterwards /ˈɑːf.tə.wədz/ (adv) sau đó
- take care of /teɪk keər əv/ (phrasal V) chăm sóc
- excellent /ˈek.səl.ənt/ (adj) xuất sắc
- delicious /dɪˈlɪʃ.əs/ (adj) ngon
- photographer /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fər/ (n) nhiếp ảnh gia
- possible /ˈpɒs.ə.bəl/ (adj) có thể
- together /təˈɡeð.ər/ (adv) cùng nhau

2. Topic HOBBY
Từ vựng - Phiên âm Nghĩa Ví dụ
listen to music

watch TV

read books

hang out with friends

travel

play sports

go for a walk

go shopping

go camping
go fishing

take a stroll

surf the internet

take photographs

go to the gym/ work out

sing

dance

play guitar/ piano

garden

play sports

relax/ unwind

release stress

relax after a hard day

like/ love/ enjoy

be keen on

be crazy about

have a great passion for

be a big fan of

be an avid + N

be not my kind of thing

broaden my knowledge
 maintain a work-life balance

keep fit/ be in shape

improve oneself health

Practise
Ex 1:
Janelle recently started a new job. Now she has more free time. She is happy because she
has more free time. She can do things she’s interested in. Janelle really likes to read. She
enjoys reading different kinds of books, such as science, fiction, mystery, and romance.
Her favorite book is IQ 84 by Haruki Murakami. It is interesting because it is a mystery
and a love story. She also enjoys listening to music. She likes different kinds of music,
such as pop, jazz, and rock. She listens to pop music in the gym, jazz at home when she’s
relaxing, and rock on her way to work. On her days off, Janelle likes to play basketball
with her friends. She is not very good at basketball, but she thinks it is fun.
- recently /ˈriː.sənt.li/ (adv) gần đây
- interested in /ˈɪn.tres.tɪd/ /ˈɪn.trɪ.stɪd/ (adj) có hứng thú với cái gì đó
- different /ˈdɪf.ər.ənt/ (adj) khác biệt
- science /ˈsaɪ.əns/ (n) khoa học
- fiction /ˈfɪk.ʃən/ (n) viễn tưởng
- mystery /ˈmɪs.tər.i/ (n) sự bí ẩn
- romance /roʊˈmæns/ (n) sự lãng mạn
- favorite /ˈfeɪ.vər.ɪt/ (adj) yêu thích
- interesting /ˈɪn.tres.tɪŋ/ /ˈɪn.trɪ.stɪŋ/ (adj) thú vị
- jazz /dʒæz/ (n) nhạc jazz
- basketball /ˈbɑː.skɪt.bɔːl/ (n) bóng rổ

Ex 2:
I’m interested in music and photography. When I am at home, I turn on my radio and
listen to jazz music. Jazz is one of my favorite types of music. During the summer, our
city has jazz concerts in the park. My family and I enjoy going to these events. When I go
places, I usually take my camera with me. Some of the things I take pictures of include:
trees, flowers and wildlife. I also enjoy taking photos of my children and sharing them
with my family and friends. Recently, I took a photography class at the local university.
My teacher’s name was Mrs. Robinson. She won many awards for her work as a
photographer.
- photography /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fi/ (n) nhiếp ảnh
- radio /ˈreɪ.di.oʊ/ (n) đài ra-đi-ô
- concert /ˈkɒn.sət/ (n) buổi hòa nhạc
- usually /ˈjuː.ʒu.ə.li/ (adv) thường xuyên
- camera /ˈkæm.rə/ (n) ca-me-ra
- flowers /flaʊərz/ (n) hoa
- wildlife /ˈwaɪld.laɪf/ (n) động vật hoang dã
- local /ˈloʊ.kəl/ (adj) thuộc về địa phương
- university /ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.sə.ti/ (n) trường đại học
- Mrs. /ˈmɪs.ɪz/ chỉ người phụ nữ đã có chồng
- won /wʌn/ (v) chiến thắng (quá khứ của win)
- awards /əˈwɔːrdz/ (n) giải thưởng
- photographer /fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fər/ (n) nhiếp ảnh gia

3. Topic ACCOMMODATION
Từ vựng - Phiên âm Nghĩa Ví dụ
a private house

a two-storey house

an apartment/ a flat

a single room

balcony

dormitory

live on campus

the suburbs/ outskirts

back garden

rented accommodation

to own your own home

in the heart of the city

densely populated area

hustle and bustle

 metropolis

residential area

furniture

fully-furnished

tidy and neat

warm and cozy

spacious

be located in

neighbor

neighborhood

facility

amenity

vibrant/ dynamic

serene/ tranquil

Practise:
Ex 1: Mike’s ideal house
Mike is living in a bustling city , and he hates this place. He’s always surrounded by
traffic and other annoying noises, and there’s so much dust and pollution here. So he
hopes to be able to move out of his current apartment soon. His top choice would be a big
house in the countryside, with the view of the village, trees and fields. It’s always been
his dream to have a lot of land and live in a quiet, peaceful place. Plus, he loves nature, so
he’d love to be able to take long walks in the fresh air. He likes the idea of being in a
rural setting. He thinks he would have a community of people close to him. He imagines
they would be a very friendly group of people who would have cookouts and festivals.
He’d like to participate in the village events from time to time. He has even thought
about getting a dog or two. He’d have plenty of space for them to run around and play.
He could hike with them through the woods and take them for walks on nearby trails.
And he could also grow and enjoy his own fruits and vegetables.
His ideal house would be big enough to host friends for parties and get-togethers. He’d
like to have a cool basement with a movie screen and a game area to be able to enjoy
some fun time with friends and family. A laundry room, a garage, at least three bedrooms
with their own bathroom, a big walk-in closet, an office and a library. I do not need
luxurious furniture but rather simple in terms of design and style.
Ex 2: Jane’s ideal house
Jane is more of a city girl, her ideal house would actually be an apartment. She would
live in a big city like Chicago or New York, right downtown in the heart of it all. Things
would be happening all the time, and she wouldn’t be bored anymore. In her current
apartment, there’s not a lot to do. The only things to walk to nearby are the library and
the grocery store. In her new cool, downtown apartment, she could be able to walk to
museums, parks, cafes, dance clubs, and more. She could see shows every night and
make reservations at restaurants with friends. Her apartment now is really basic and
suburban, she has a small, simple bedroom, an office, an old narrow kitchen, and a small
bathroom, and there is no view. In her dream apartment, she would have two bedrooms, a
big office, a large living room, a very modern kitchen with all the latest appliances, a
spacious bathroom equipped with a shower with body jets, and an incredible view of the
city. The place should have a proper ventilation system so that I can have fresh air all the
time. All of her furnishings would be modern and colorful. Plus, her elegant apartment
would have sound-proof windows, so she could relax when she got home after a long day
at work.

4. Topic EDUCATION
Từ vựng - Phiên âm Nghĩa Ví dụ
primary school

secondary school

high school

boarding school
private school

public school

math

literature

English

physics

chemistry

physical education

biology

geography

history

art

science

to learn by heart

to deliver a lecture

to get higher academic results

pass with flying colors

college/ university/ further

education

undergraduate

vocational course
distance learning course

online class

give a presentation

to grasp the main point of the

lesson

to bury oneself in
tasks/assignments

extracurricular activities

bookworm

hit the book

to be admitted to a top-tier
school

learn a wide range of skills

gain/ accumulate knowledge

get the scholarship

graduate

5. Topic TRANSPORT
Từ vựng - Phiên âm Nghĩa Ví dụ
traffic

traffic jams/ traffic

congestion

get stuck in traffic congestion

rush hour/ peak hour

off-peak hour

vehicle

private/personal vehicle

type/ mode of transportation

road/ roadside

pavement/ sidewalk

one-way street

traffic light

signpost

van

lorry/ truck

motorcycle/ motorbike

scooter

bus/ train

bike/ bicycle

petrol

diesel

driver

speed

exhaust fumes

to brake
to accelerate

to slow down

drive to work

travel/go/commuter to work

use public transport

commuting costs

daily travel/ daily commute

drive under the influence of

run a red light

pedestrian

improve road traffic safety

reduce traffic accidents

driving offence

raise people’s awareness

contribute to