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    870ce913-b5c0-4d2b-88f6-7d48dd6e9bf7

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    Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is diagnosed when repeated measurements in a doctor's office are 140/90 mmHg or higher. The diagnosis should be confirmed with 24-hour monitoring or home measurements. High blood pressure usually develops over time due to lifestyle factors like lack of exercise. Primary or essential hypertension, which has no identifiable cause but may be linked to risk factors like obesity, accounts for 95% of cases. Secondary hypertension makes up 5-10% of cases and can be caused by conditions affecting the kidneys, endocrine system, or nerves. Malignant or accelerated hypertension involves dangerously high diastolic blood pressure over 120 and can lead to organ damage.

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    870ce913-b5c0-4d2b-88f6-7d48dd6e9bf7

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    shaymaparveeen
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    Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is diagnosed when repeated measurements in a doctor's office are 140/90 mmHg or higher. The diagnosis should be confirmed with 24-hour monitoring or home measurements. High blood pressure usually develops over time due to lifestyle factors like lack of exercise. Primary or essential hypertension, which has no identifiable cause but may be linked to risk factors like obesity, accounts for 95% of cases. Secondary hypertension makes up 5-10% of cases and can be caused by conditions affecting the kidneys, endocrine system, or nerves. Malignant or accelerated hypertension involves dangerously high diastolic blood pressure over 120 and can lead to organ damage.

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    Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is diagnosed when repeated measurements in a doctor's office are 140/90 mmHg or higher. The diagnosis should be confirmed with 24-hour monitoring or home measurements. High blood pressure usually develops over time due to lifestyle factors like lack of exercise. Primary or essential hypertension, which has no identifiable cause but may be linked to risk factors like obesity, accounts for 95% of cases. Secondary hypertension makes up 5-10% of cases and can be caused by conditions affecting the kidneys, endocrine system, or nerves. Malignant or accelerated hypertension involves dangerously high diastolic blood pressure over 120 and can lead to organ damage.

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    4 views10 pages

    870ce913-b5c0-4d2b-88f6-7d48dd6e9bf7

    Uploaded by

    shaymaparveeen
    Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is diagnosed when repeated measurements in a doctor's office are 140/90 mmHg or higher. The diagnosis should be confirmed with 24-hour monitoring or home measurements. High blood pressure usually develops over time due to lifestyle factors like lack of exercise. Primary or essential hypertension, which has no identifiable cause but may be linked to risk factors like obesity, accounts for 95% of cases. Secondary hypertension makes up 5-10% of cases and can be caused by conditions affecting the kidneys, endocrine system, or nerves. Malignant or accelerated hypertension involves dangerously high diastolic blood pressure over 120 and can lead to organ damage.

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    of 10

    is diagnosed when repeated

    measurements in a doctor's office yield values of 140/90


    mmHg or higher. The diagnosis should be confirmed by
    24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or by home
    measurement.
    High blood pressure usually develops over time. It can
    happen because of unhealthy lifestyle choices, such as not
    getting enough regular physical activity.

    Hypertensive Disease Is Chronic Disease ,The Mian Clinucal


    Characteristics Of Which is lasting & Stable Increasing Of
    Arterial Pressure .
    Etiologic Classification

    Primary or Essential hypertension (95%)


    Secondary hypertension (5-10%)
    --Renal
    --Endocrine
    --Neurogenic
    --Other
    By definition, essential hypertension has no identifiable
    cause. However, several risk factors have been identified,
    including:
    1= obesity
    2= salt sensitivity
    3= renin homeostasis
    4= insulin resistance
    5= high-salt diet.
    6= age
    7= chronic emocional stresses
    8= drinking too much alcohol.
    Classifications of Hypertension

    1.Malignant / Accelerated
    Hypertension(Diastolic >120)

    2.BenignHypertensio--- A condition
    of mild to moderate high blood
    pressure that has no identifiable
    cause.
    Morphology Of Malignant Hypertension

    • Fibrinoid necrosis of vessels -> thrombosis-> infarctions, renal


    failure, hemorrhages
    • Double-sided edema of the disk of opticnerve
    • Malignant nephrosclerosisnecrosis of arterioles&
    (fibrinoidglomerularcapillary loops, edema & hemorrhages)
    Vascular Pathology in Hypertension

    • Accelerates atherosclerosis
    • Potentiates aortic dissection
    • Cerebrovascular hemorrhage
    • Small vessel changes. Hyaline

    Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis Fibrinoid Necrosis

    Benign hypertension Malignant hypertension Malignant hypertension


    Stage of the organic changes

    - Secondary changes in organs: Atrophy ofparenchyma &


    sclerosis of stroma

    - Acute changes: Infarction, hemorrhage


    COMPLICATIONS

    1.Thrombosis
    2. Ulceration of the endothelium
    3. Hemorrhage
    4. Aneurysm

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