Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FACULTY OF COMPUTER AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
CENTRE OF MATHEMATICS STUDIES

MAT 560 Vector Calculus- GROUP PROJECT EVALUATION (20%)

The following information are extracted from the course outline made available to all students enrolled in
this course at the beginning of the semester.
Course After completing this course, the students should be able to:
• Display digital skills in solving problems related to vector calculus.
Outcomes

Assessment Rubrics: Please review and keep it in mind as your written report and presentation are
weighted as follows:

Written Report 10%

A report of group project.
Software Skills 5%
Uses of Maple Software to solve the problems.
Presentation 5%
The video presentation is able to start and complete within the time frame (10 min).

General instructions:

1. This project is a group work. Please set up a group of 3 or 4 students from the same class who you
are comfortable to work with and decide on a group leader. The group leader is responsible in
coordinating the job distribution among the group members under him/her. However, all members
should know the content of the project, not just the section that she/he is responsible for.

2. Each group will choose one of the topics in Chapter 2: Vector calculus either Line Integral,
Fundamental Theorem of line Integral, Greens Theorem or Surface Integral. Write an introduction of
selected topic; create 2 questions related to your topic; Show manual calculation and MAPLE
calculation to solve the problem. You may consult your peers to discuss or refer to any books for the
possible problems. DO NOT CONSULT YOUR LECTURER.

3. Write a report related to selected topic. Please use Arial 11, 1.5 spacing on A4 papers. On the cover
page, please include the names of the group members (group leader listed first) and group number
(CS2495A/ CS2495B). The length of report should not be more than 10 pages long, excluding
pictures. Source of references must be listed at the end of the report according to APA formatting.
The format of the group project is shown on the following page.

4. No plagiarism please. You can use the same source as your reference, but the write-up has to be
absolutely your work.

5. Please submit the written report and presentation Video by email before 5pm, 22 December
2023
Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FACULTY OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS
TITLE (EXPLORING LINE INTEGRALS AND SOLVE THE PROBLEM)

ASSESSMENT 3: GROUP PROJECT

MAT 560 VECTOR CALCULUS

GROUP NUMBER:
CS2495A2
BY:

1. NOR KAMILIA HANIM BINTI MOHD NAZRI (2021485316)

2. MUHAMMAD AFIF BIN MOHAMAD SOBRI, (2021486374)
3. MUHAMMAD ALIF HAIKAL BIN MOHD AZNI, (2021839902)
4. MUHAMMAD ASHRAF IMAN BIN MD KAHARULNIZAM, (2021826386)
5. SITI HAJAR BINTI ANUAR HAKIM, (2021839668)

JANUARY 19, 2023 (DATE OF SUBMISSION)

Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.0 CASE STUDY......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1 . ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2 .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.0 REFERENCES ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Embarking on the exploration of line integrals opens up a fascinating journey into the world of
calculus and vector fields. This mathematical concept plays a pivotal role in diverse applications,
allowing us to analyze and solve problems related to work, circulation, and flux along specific curves.
As we delve into this exploration, we will unravel the intricacies of integrating scalar or vector functions
along paths, gaining valuable insights into the behavior of quantities in different fields. The realm of line
integrals and embark on solving intriguing problems that unveil the power and versatility of this
mathematical tool.

A line integral involves the integration of a function determined along a specific curve within the
coordinate system. The function subjected to integration can either be a scalar field or a vector field.
Along the curve, we have the flexibility to integrate either a scalar-valued or vector-valued function. The
computation of the line integral entails summing up the values at various points on the vector field as
shown at Figure 1.1.

Figure 1.1 Area for line integrals is a two-dimensional surface that curves into three dimensions.

Area is then found for f ( x, y ) by solving line integral:

2 2
b  dx   dy 
Area =  f ( x(t ), y (t ))   +   dt .
a
 dt   dt 
Generalized to three dimensions and becomes:
2 2 2
b  dx   dy   dz 
Area =  f ( x(t ), y (t ), z (t ))   +   +   dt
a
 dt   dt   dt 
Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

If f is continuous in a region D with curve C , parametrically described by ( x (t ), y (t )) and has

continuous first derivatives. Thus, the line integral can be evaluated by the following single integral:

2 2
b  dx   dy 
C
f ( x, y )ds =  f ( x(t ), y (t ))   +   dt
a
 dt   dt  .
b
=  f ( x(t ), y (t )) r '(t ) dt
a

The concept of line integral also can be extended to high dimensions. If f is continuous in a region D
with curve C , parametrically described by ( x(t ), y (t ), z (t )) or r (t ) . It can be evaluated by a single
integral as well, that is,

2 2 2
b  dx   dy   dz 
C
f ( x, y, z )ds = 
a
f ( x(t ), y (t ), z (t ))   +   +   dt
 dt   dt   dt  .
b
=  f ( x(t ), y(t ), z (t )) r '(t ) dt
a

If the force varies from point to point, it is represented by a vector field F , the displacement
vector v may also change as an object may follow a curving path in two or three dimensions. Suppose
that the path of an object is given by a vector function r (t ) at any point along the path, the (small)
tangent vector t gives an approximation to its motion over a short time t , so the work done during
that time is approximately F  r ' t ; the total work over some time period is then
a
b
F  r ' dt .

It is useful to rewrite this in various ways at different times which was:

a
 b
F  r ' dt =  F  dr ,
C

The line integrals over vector functions can be defined as

a
 b
F  dr =  F  T ds
C

Subsequently, work is computed using a particular line integral of the form we have considered.
Alternately, can be described as:

W =  F  dr =  Pdx + Qdy + Rdz

C C
Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

2.1 MANUAL CALCULATIONS

Question 1

Let C be a curve represented by r (t ) = 3cos t i + 3sin t j , 0  t   . Evaluate:

xy
 F . d r , where F ( x, y) = 3x i−
2
j
C
9

xy
F ( x, y ) = 3 x 2 − , r (t ) = 3cos t ,3sin t F ( r ( t ) ) = 27 cos 2 t , cos t sin t • −3sin t ,3cos t
9
= −81cos 2 t sin t + 3cos 2 t sin t
F (r (t )) = F ( 3cos t ,3sin t )
= cos 2 t sin t ( −81 + 3)
= 3 ( 3cos t ) ,
2 ( 3cos t )( 3sin t )
= −78cos 2 t sin t
9
= 27 cos 2 t , cos t sin t

 F . d r =  F ( r ( t ) ) r ' ( t ) dt
C a

=  −78cos 2 t sin t dt
0

= −78 cos 2 t sin t dt
0

du Let u = cos t
= −78 u 2 sin t
− sin t du

0
= − sin t
dt
= 78 u 2 du du
0 dt =
− sin t
 Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project

 
 u3 
78 u du = 78  
2

0  3 0

 ( cos t )3 
= 78  
 3  0
 ( cos  )3 cos ( 0 )3 
= 78  − 
 3 3 
 1 1
= 78  − − 
 3 3
= −52

2.2 Evaluate where and be a curve represent by part of circle where from to as

- Show full manual mathematical calculations for your case study.

- Use Maple software to solve your case study. Show Maple commands for all steps to solve the
case study and Output that you get from maple as in the following table:

Questions and Maple Command Output

3.0 REFERENCES

References (use APA style in formatting)

Vector Calculus (MAT560) – Group Project