Instant Download Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management 2nd Edition Mangan Solutions Manual PDF Full Chapter
Instant Download Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management 2nd Edition Mangan Solutions Manual PDF Full Chapter
Instant Download Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management 2nd Edition Mangan Solutions Manual PDF Full Chapter
I. D. McKee, Chairman.
The election followed, and the Democratic ticket, headed by Robert E. Pattison of Philadelphia,
received an average plurality of 40,000, and the Independent Republican ticket received an average vote
of about 43,000–showing that while Independence organized did not do as well in a gubernatorial as it
had in a previous off-year, it yet had force enough to defeat the Republican State ticket headed by Gen.
James A. Beaver. All of the three several State tickets were composed of able men, and the force of both
of the Republican tickets on the hustings excited great interest and excitement; yet the Republican vote,
owing to the division, was not out by nearly one hundred thousand, and fifty thousand more
Republicans than Democrats remained at home, many of them purposely. In New York, where
dissatisfaction had no rallying point, about two hundred thousand Republicans remained at home, some
because of anger at the defeat of Gov. Cornell in the State nominating convention—some in protest
against the National Administrations, which was accused of the desire for direct endorsement where it
presented the name of Hon. Chas. J. Folger, its Secretary of the Treasury, as the home gubernatorial
candidate,—others because of some of the many reasons set forth in the bill of complaints which
enumerates the causes of the dissatisfaction within the party.
At this writing the work of Republican repair is going on. Both the Senate and House at Washington
are giving active work to the passage of a tariff bill, the repeal of the revenue taxes, and the passage of a
two-cent letter postage bill—measures anxiously hastened by the Republicans in order to anticipate
friendly and defeat unfriendly attempts on the part of the Democratic House, which comes in with the
first session of the 48th Congress.
In Pennsylvania, as we close this review of the struggle of 1882, the Regular and Independent
Republican State Committees—at least the heads thereof—are devising a plan to jointly call a Republican
State Convention to nominate the State ticket to be voted for in November, 1883. The groundswell was
so great that it had no sooner passed, than Republicans of all shades of opinion, felt the need of
harmonious action, and the leaders everywhere set themselves to the work of repair.
The Republicans in the South differed from those of the North in the fact that their complaints were
all directed against a natural political enemy—the Bourbons—and wherever there was opportunity they
favored and entered into movements with Independent and Readjuster Democrats, with the sole object
of revolutionizing political affairs in the South. Their success in these combinations was only great in
Virginia, but it proved to be promising in North Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and may take more
definite and general shape in the great campaign of 1884.
The Democratic party was evidently surprised at its great victory in 1882, and has not yet formally
resolved what it will do with it. The Congress beginning with December, 1883, will doubtless give some
indication of the drift of Democratic events.
The most notable law passed in the closing session of the 47th Congress, was the Civil Service Reform
Bill, introduced by Senator Geo. H. Pendleton of Ohio, but prepared under the direction of the Senate
Judiciary Committee. The Republicans, feeling that there was some public demand for the passage of a
measure of the kind, eagerly rushed to its support, at a time when it was apparent that the spoils of office
might slip from their hands. From opposite motives the Democrats, who had previously encouraged,
now ran away from it, but it passed both Houses with almost a solid Republican vote, a few Democrats in
each House voting with them. President Arthur signed the bill, but at this writing the Commission which
it creates has not been appointed, and of course none of the rules and constructions under the act have
been formulated. Its basic principles are fixed tenure in minor places, competitive examinations, and
non-partisan selections.
POLITICAL CHANGES—1883.
In the fall of 1883 nearly all of the States swept by the tidal wave of 1882 showed that it had either
partially or completely receded, and for the first time since the close of the Hayes administration (always
excepting the remarkable Garfield-Hancock campaign), the Republican party exhibited plain signs of
returning unity and strength. Henry Ward Beecher has wittily said that “following the war the nation
needed a poultice, and got it in the Hayes administration.” The poultice for a time only drew the sores
into plainer view, and healing potions were required for the contests immediately following. The
divisions of 1882 were as much the result of the non-action of the Hayes administration, as of the
misunderstandings and feuds which later on found bitter manifestation between the Stalwarts and Half-
Breeds of New York.
The Independents took no organized form except in New York and Pennsylvania, and yet the
underlying causes of division for the time swept from their Republican moorings not only the States
named, but also Massachusetts, Connecticut, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Kansas, Colorado and California.
The year 1882 seemed the culmination of every form of Republican division, and then everything in
the States named gave place to faction. Very wisely the Republican leaders determined to repair the
mischief, as far as possible, in the otherwise uneventful year of 1883. Their efforts were in most
instances successful, especially in Massachusetts where Robinson overthrew Gen. Butler’s State
administration by 20,000 majority; in Pennsylvania, where the Republican State ticket received about
20,000 majority, after the reunion of the Regular and independent factions. In Pennsylvania the efforts
at reconciliation made in the Continental Conference, and in subsequent conventions, gave fruit in 1883,
and at this writing in July, 1884 there is no mark of division throughout the entire State, if we except
such as must inevitably follow the plain acceptance of Free Trade and Protective issues. Very few of the
Republicans of Pennsylvania favor Free Trade, and only in the ranks of this few could any division be
traced after the close of the elections of 1883.
Ohio was an exception to the Republican work of reconciliation. Division still continued, and Judge
Hoadly, a leading and very talented Democrat, was elected Governor by about 15,000 majority, after a
contest which involved the expenditure of large sums of money. In the Convention which nominated
Hoadly, Senator Pendleton was practically overthrown because of his attachment to the Civil Service law
which takes his name, and later on he was defeated for U. S. Senator by Mr. Payne, the McLean and
Bookwalter factions uniting for his overthrow, which was accomplished despite the efforts of Thurman,
Ward and other leaders of the older elements of the party. Both the Hoadly and Payne battles were won
under the banners of the “Young Democracy.”
Any compilation of the returns of 1883 must be measurably imperfect, for in only a few of the States
were important and decisive battles waged. Such as they were, however, are given in the table on the
next page:
State Elections of 1882 and 1883, compared with the Presidential Election of 1880.
1880.[67]
STATES. Garfield, Hancock, Weaver, Dow,
Rep. Dem. Gbk. Pro.
Alabama 56,221 91,185 4,642
Arkansas 42,436 60,775 4,079
California 80,348 80,426 3,392
Colorado 27,450 24,647 1,435
[68]Connecticut 67,071 64,415 868 40
Delaware 14,133 15,275 120
Florida 23,654 27,964
Georgia 54,086 102,470 969
Illinois 318,037 277,321 26,358 443
Indiana 232,164 225,522 12,986
Iowa 183,927 105,845 32,701 592
Kansas 121,549 59,801 19,851 25
Kentucky 106,306 149,068 11,499 258
Louisiana 38,637 65,067 439
Maine 74,039 65,171 4,408 93
Maryland 78,515 93,706 818
Massachusetts 165,205 111,960 4,548 682
Michigan 185,341 131,597 34,895 942
Minnesota 93,903 53,315 3,267 286
Mississippi 34,854 75,750 5,797
Missouri 153,567 200,699 35,135
Nebraska 54,979 28,523 3,950
Nevada 8,732 9,613
New Hampshire 44,852 40,794 528 180
New Jersey 120,555 122,565 2,617 191
New York 555,544 534,511 12,373 1,517
North Carolina 115,874 124,208 1,126
Ohio 375,048 340,821 6,456 2,616
Oregon 20,619 19,948 249
Pennsylvania 444,704 407,428 20,668 1,939
Rhode Island 18,195 10,779 236 20
South Carolina 58,071 112,312 556
Tennessee 107,677 128,191 5,917 43
Texas 57,893 156,428 27,405
Vermont 45,567 18,316 1,215
Virginia 84,020 128,586
West Virginia 46,243 57,391 9,079
Wisconsin 144,400 114,649 7,986 69
Total 4,454,416 4,444,952 308,578 10,305
Plurality 9,464
1882.[69]
STATES.
Rep. Dem. Gbk. Pro.
Alabama 46,386 100,591
Arkansas 49,352 87,675 10,142
California 67,175 90,694 1,020 5,772
Colorado 27,552 29,897
[68]Connecticut 54,853 59,014 607 1,034
Delaware 10,088 12,053
Florida 20,139 24,067 3,553
Georgia 24,930 81,443 68
Illinois 254,551 249,067 11,306 11,202
Indiana 210,234 220,918 13,520
Iowa 149,051 112,180 30,817
Kansas [70]98,166 [70]61,547 [70]23,300
Plurality 130,195
1883.[68]
STATES.
Rep. Dem. Gbk. Pro.
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Colorado [68]
Plurality 42,303
The Republican National Convention met at Chicago, in the Exposition Building, on Tuesday, June 3d,
1884. It was called to order by Senator Sabin, the Chairman of the National Committee, who at the
conclusion of his address, at the request of his Committee, presented the name of Hon. Powell Clayton,
of Arkansas, for temporary President. Gen. Clayton, as a friend of Blaine, was antagonized by the field,
which named Hon. John R. Lynch for the place. An exciting debate followed, at the close of which Mr.
Lynch received 431 votes to 387 for Clayton. Ex-Senator Henderson of Missouri was made permanent
President without a contest. The contested seats were amicably settled, the most notable being that of
the straight-out Republicans of Virginia against Gen. Mahone’s delegation. The latter was admitted, the
only contest being in the Committee. The Blaine leaders did not antagonize, but rather favored Mahone’s
admission, as did the field generally, for the State Convention which elected this delegation had openly
abandoned the name of the Readjuster Party and taken that of the Republican. None of the Straightouts
expressed dissatisfaction at what appeared to be the almost universal sentiment.
Candidates for the Nomination.
On the third day the following candidates were formally placed in nomination, after eloquent eulogies,
the most notable being those of Judge West of Ohio, in behalf of Blaine; Gen. H. H. Bingham, of Penna.,
for President Arthur; and Geo. W. Curtis for Senator Edmunds:
This body assembled at Chicago, in the Exposition Building, on Tuesday, July 8th, 1884, and was
called to order by Ex-Senator Barnum, the Chairman of the National Committee. The Committee
presented Governor Richard B. Hubbard, of Texas, for temporary chairman. After his address a notable
contest followed on the adoption of the unit rule, the debate being participated in by many delegates.
Mr. Fellows, of New York, favored the rule, as did all of the advocates of Governor Cleveland’s
nomination for President, while John Kelly opposed it with a view to give freedom of choice to the
twenty-five delegates from New York who were acting with him. The contest was inaugurated by Mr.
Smalley, of Vermont, who was instructed by the National Committee to offer the following resolution:
Resolved, that the rules of the last Democratic Convention govern this body until otherwise ordered,
subject to the following modification: That in voting for candidates for President and Vice-President no
State shall be allowed to change its vote until the roll of the States has been called, and every State has
cast its vote.
Mr. Grady, of New York, offered the following amendment to the resolution:
When the vote of a State, as announced by the chairman of the delegation from such State is
challenged by any member of the delegation, then the Secretary shall call the names of the individual
delegates from the State, and their individual preferences as expressed shall be recorded as the vote of
such State.
After discussion the question was then put, the chairman of each State delegation announcing its vote
as follows:
THE VOTE IN DETAIL.
First Ballot.
States. No. Sherman, Sherma
Delegates. Blaine. Arthur. Edmunds. Logan. John. Hawley. Lincoln. W. T.
[74]Alabama 20 1 17 1
Arkansas 14 8 4 2
California 16 16
Colorado 6 6
Connecticut 12 12
Delaware 6 5 1
Florida 8 1 7
Georgia 24 24
Illinois 44 3 1 40
Indiana 30 18 9 1 2
Iowa 26 26
Kansas 18 12 4 1 1
Kentucky 26 5½ 16 2½ 1 1
[74]Louisiana 16 2 10 3
Maine 12 12
Maryland 16 10 6
Massachusetts 28 1 2 25
Michigan 26 15 2 7
Minnesota 14 7 1 6
Mississippi 18 1 17
Missouri 32 5 10 6 10 1
Nebraska 10 8 2
Nevada 6 6
New
Hampshire 8 4 4
New Jersey 18 9 6 1 2
New York 72 28 31 12 1
North
Carolina 22 2 19 1
Ohio 46 21 25
Oregon 6 6
Pennsylvania 60 47 11 1 1
Rhode Island 8 8
South
Carolina 18 1 17
Tennessee 24 7 16 1
Texas 26 13 11 1
Vermont 8 8
Virginia 24 2 21 1
West Virginia 12 12
Wisconsin 22 10 6 6
Territories.
Arizona 2 2
Dakota 2 2
Idaho 2 2
Montana 2 1 1
New Mexico 2 2
Utah 2 2
Washington 2 2
Wyoming 2 2
Dist. of
Columbia 2 1 1
Total 820 334½ 278 93 63½ 30 13 4
Second Ballot.
States. No. J. G.
Delegates. Blaine. Arthur. Edmunds. Logan. Sherman Hawley. Lincoln. Sherman
[74]Alabama 20 2 17 1
Arkansas 14 11 3
California 16 16
Colorado 6 6
Connecticut 12 12
Delaware 6 5 1
Florida 8 1 7
Georgia 24 24
Illinois 44 3 1 40
Indiana 30 18 9 1 2
Iowa 26 26
Kansas 18 13 2 2 1
Kentucky 26 5 17 2 1 1 [74
Louisiana 16 4 9 2
Maine 12 12
Maryland 16 12 4
Massachusetts 28 1 3 24
Michigan 26 15 4 5
Minnesota 14 7 1 6
Mississippi 18 1 17
Missouri 32 7 10 5 8 1
Nebraska 10 8 2
Nevada 6 6
New
Hampshire 8 5 3
New Jersey 18 9 6 1 2
New York 72 28 31 12 1
North
Carolina 22 3 18 1
Ohio 46 23 23
Oregon 6 6
Pennsylvania 60 47 11 1 1
Rhode Island 8 8
South
Carolina 18 1 17
Tennessee 24 7 16 1
Texas 26 13 11 2
Vermont 8 8
Virginia 24 2 21 1
West Virginia 12 12
Wisconsin 22 11 6 5
Territories.
Arizona 2 2
Dakota 2 2
Idaho 2 2
Montana 2 1 1
New Mexico 2 2
Utah 2 2
Washington 2 2
Wyoming 2 2
Dist. of
Columbia 2 1 1
Total 820 349 275 85 61 28 13 4
Third Ballot.
States. No. J. G.
Delegates. Blaine. Arthur. Edmunds. Logan. Sherman Hawley. Lincoln. Sherman
[75]Alabama 20 2 17 1
Arkansas 14 11 3
California 16 16
Colorado 6 6
Connecticut 12 12
Delaware 6 5 1
Florida 8 1 7
Georgia 24 24
Illinois 44 3 1 40
Indiana 30 18 10 2
Iowa 26 26
Kansas 18 15 2 1
Kentucky 26 6 16 2 1 1 [75
Louisiana 16 4 9 2
Maine 12 12
Maryland 16 12 4
Massachusetts 28 1 3 24
Michigan 26 18 3 3 1
Minnesota 14 7 2 5
Mississippi 18 1 16 1
Missouri 32 12 11 4 4 1
Nebraska 10 10
Nevada 6 6
New
Hampshire 8 5 3
New Jersey 18 11 1 6
New York 72 28 32 12
North
Carolina 22 4 18
Ohio 46 25 21
Oregon 6 6
Pennsylvania 60 50 8 1 1 1
Rhode Island 8 8
South
Carolina 18 2 16
Tennessee 24 7 17
Texas 26 14 11 1
Vermont 8 8
Virginia 24 4 20
West Virginia 12 12
Wisconsin 22 11 10
Territories.
Arizona 2 2
Dakota 2 2
Idaho 2 2
Montana 2 1 1
New Mexico 2 2
Utah 2 2
Washington 2 2
Wyoming 2 2
Dist. of
Columbia 2 1 1
Total 820 375 274 69 53 25 13 8
Fourth Ballot.
States.
No. Delegates. Arthur. Blaine. Edmunds. Logan. Sherman. Hawley. Lincoln.
[76]Alabama 20 12 8
Arkansas 14 3 11
California 16 16
Colorado 6 6
Connecticut 12 12
Delaware 6 1 5
Florida 8 5 3
Georgia 24 24
Illinois 44 3 34 6
Indiana 30 30
Iowa 26 2 24
Kansas 18 18
Kentucky 26 15 9 1 1[77]
Louisiana 16 7 9
Maine 12 12
Maryland 16 1 15
Massachusetts 28 7 3 18
Michigan 26 26
Minnesota 14 14
Mississippi 18 16 2
Missouri 32 32
Nebraska 10 10
Nevada 6 6
New Hampshire 8 2 5 3
New Jersey 18 0 17 1
New York 72 30 26 9 2 1
North Carolina 22 12 8 1
Ohio 46 0 46
Oregon 6 0 6
Pennsylvania 60 8 51 1
Rhode Island 8 1 7
South Carolina 18 15 2 1
Tennessee 24 12 11
Texas 26 8 15
Vermont 8 0 0 8
Virginia 24 20 4
West Virginia 12 0 12
Wisconsin 22 0 22
Territories.
Arizona 2 0 2
Dakota 2 0 2
Idaho 2 0 2
Montana 2 0 2
New Mexico 2 2 0
Utah 2 0 2
Washington 2 0 2
Wyoming 2 2 0
Dist. of Columbia 2 1 1
Total 820 207 541 41 7 15 2
States. Yeas Nays
Alabama 15 5
Arkansas 14
California 16
Colorado 4 2
Connecticut 2 10
Delaware 6
Florida 2 6
Georgia 12 12
Illinois 22 22
Indiana 30
Iowa 6 20
Kansas 3 15
Kentucky 20 6
Louisiana 16
Maine 2 10
Maryland 16
Massachusetts 21 7
Michigan 12 12
Minnesota 14
Mississippi 18
Missouri 18 24
Nebraska 5 5
Nevada 6
New Hampshire 8
New Jersey 14 4
New York 72
North Carolina 10 12
Ohio 25 21
Oregon 6
Pennsylvania 21 39
Rhode Island 8
South Carolina 3 14
Tennessee 17 7
Texas 12 10
Vermont 8
Virginia 6 18
West Virginia 9 3
Wisconsin 5 17
The Secretary announced the result of the vote as follows: Total number of votes cast, 795; yeas, 332;
nays, 463.
The report of the Committee on Permanent Organization was then made; the name of W. H. Vilas, of
Wisconsin, being presented as President, with a list of vice-presidents (one from each state) and several
secretaries and assistants, and that the secretaries and clerks of the temporary organization be
continued under the permanent organization.
The Contest over the Platform.
There was a two-days contest in the Committee on Resolutions over the adoption of the revenue
features of the Platform. It advocated the collection of revenue for public uses exclusively, the italicized
word being the subject of the controversy. It was retained by a vote of 20 to 18. To avoid extended debate
in the Convention an agreement was made that Gen. Butler should make a minority report, and that
three speeches should be made, these by Butler, Converse and Watterson. Col. Morrison, of Illinois,
made the majority report, which was adopted with but 97½ negative votes out of a total of 820.
The Ballots.
Before balloting an effort was made to abolish the two-third rule, but this met with such decided
disfavor that it was withdrawn before the roll of States was completed.
There were two ballots taken on the Presidential candidates, and they were as follows:
First. Second.
Total number of votes 820 820
Necessary to a choice 547 547
Grover Cleveland, of New York 392 684
Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware 168 81½
Allen G. Thurman, of Ohio 88 4
Samuel J. Randall, of Penn 78 4
Joseph E. McDonald of Indiana 56 1
John G. Carlisle, of Kentucky 27
Roswell P. Flower, of New York 4
George Hoadly, of Ohio 3
Samuel J. Tilden, of New York 1
Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana 1 45½
Mr. Hendricks, of Indiana, who was defeated eight years ago on the Tilden ticket, was nominated for
Vice-President by acclamation.
The Kelly and Butler elements of the Convention, at all of the important stages, manifested their
hostility to Cleveland, but there was no open bolt, and the Convention completed its work after sitting
four days.
[In the Book of Platform is given the Democratic Platform in full, and its tariff plank will be found in
comparison with the Republican in the same book.]
THE CAMPAIGN OF 1884.
In what were regarded as the pivotal States the campaign of 1884, was attended with the utmost
interest and excitement. Blaine, the most brilliant political leader of modern times, was acceptable to all
of the more active and earnest elements of the Republican party, and the ability with which he had
championed the protective system and a more aggressive foreign policy, attracted very many Irishmen
who had formerly been Democrats. The young and more intelligent leaders of this element promptly
espoused the cause of the Republicans, and their action caused a serious division in the Democratic
ranks. Wherever Irish-Americans were sufficiently numerous to form societies of their own, such as the
“Irish-American League,” the “Land League,” the “Clan na Gael,” etc., there supporters of Blaine were
found, and these were by a singular coincidence most numerous in the doubtful States of New York, New
Jersey, Connecticut, Ohio and Indiana. Cleveland’s nomination by the Democrats had angered the
Tammany wing of the party in New York, and not until very close to the election was a reconciliation
effected. Tilden had from the first favored Cleveland, and with Daniel Manning as his manager in New
York, no effort was spared to heal Democratic divisions and to promote them in the Republican ranks.
Thus the Independent or Civil Service wing of the Republican party, which in Boston and New York
cities, and in the cities of Connecticut, confessed attachment to free trade, was easily rallied under the
Democratic banner. In convention in New York city this element denounced Blaine on what it
pronounced a paramount moral issue, and for a time such brilliant orators as Rev. Henry Ward Beecher,
George W. Curtis and Carl Schurz, “rang the changes” upon the moral questions presented by the
canvass. They were halted by scandals about Cleveland, and the Maria Halpin story, almost too indecent
for historical reference, became a prominent feature of the campaign with the acquiescence, if not under
the direction of the Republican managers. Many of our best thinkers deplored the shape thus given to
the canvass, but the responsibility for it is clearly traceable to the plan of campaign instituted by the
Independents, or “Mugwumps,” as they were called—“Mugwump” implying a small leader.
Only Ohio, West Virginia and Iowa remained as October States, and in the height of the canvass all
eyes were turned upon Ohio. In all of the Western States both of the great parties had been distracted by
prohibitory and high license issues, and Ohio,—because of temperance agitations, which still remained
as disturbing elements—had drifted into the Democratic column. If it were again lost to the Republicans,
their national campaign would practically have ended then and there, so far as reasonable hopes could
be entertained for the election of Blaine. This fact led to an extraordinary effort to influence favorable
action there, and both Blaine and Logan made tours of the State, and speeches at the more important
points. Mr. Blaine first went to New York city, thence through New Jersey, speaking at night at all
important points on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and was the following day received by the Union League
of Philadelphia. In the evening he reviewed a procession of 20,000 uniformed men. He then returned to
New York, not yet having uttered a partisan sentence, but in passing westward through its towns, he
occasionally referred to their progress under the system of protection. Reaching Ohio, he spoke more
and more plainly of the issues of the canvass as his journey proceeded, and wherever he went his
speeches commanded national comment and attention. His plain object was, for the time at least, to
smother local issues by the graver national ones, and he did this with an ability which has never been
matched in the history of American oratory. The result was a victory for the Republicans in October;
they carried Ohio by about 15,000, and greatly reduced the Democratic majority in West Virginia.
From this time forward the battle on the part of the Republicans was hopeful; on the part of the
Democrats desperate but not despairing. Senator Barnum, the Chairman of the Democratic National
Committee, was a skilled and trained politician, and he sedulously cultivated Independent and
Prohibition defection in New York, Connecticut, New Jersey, Wisconsin and Indiana. Whether the
scandals growing out of the result be true or false, every political observer could see that the elements
named were under at least the partial direction of the Democratic National Committee, for their support
was inconsiderable in States where they were not needed in crippling the chances of the Republicans.
The Republican National Committee, headed by Mr. B. F. Jones, of Pennsylvania, an earnest and able,
but an untrained leader, did not seek to check these plain efforts at defection. This Committee thought,
and at the time seemed to be justified in the belief that the defection of Irish-Americans in the same
States would more than counterbalance all of the Independent and Prohibitory defection. The
Republicans were likewise aided by General Butler, who ran as the Greenback or “People’s” candidate, as
he called himself. It would have done it easily, but for an accident, possibly a trick, on the Thursday
preceding the November election. Mr. Blaine was at the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York, and among the
many delegations which visited him was one of three hundred ministers who wished to show their
confidence in his moral and intellectual fitness for the Chief Magistracy. The oldest of the ministers
present was Mr. Burchard, and he was assigned to deliver the address. In closing it he referred to what
he thought ought to be a common opposition to “Rum, Romanism and Rebellion,”—an alliteration which
not only awakened the wrath of the Democracy, but which quickly estranged many of the Irish-American
supporters of Blaine and Logan. Mr. Blaine on the two following days tried to counteract the effects of an
imprudence for which he was in no way responsible, but the alliteration was instantly and everywhere
employed to revive religious issues and hatreds, and to such an extent that circulars were distributed at
the doors of Catholic churches, implying that Blaine himself had used the offensive words. A more
unexpected blow was never known in our political history; it was quite as sudden and more damaging
than the Morey forgery at the close of the Garfield campaign. It determined the result, and was the most
prominent of half a dozen mishaps, which if they had not happened, must have inevitably led to the
election of Blaine.
As it was, the result was so close in New York, Connecticut, New Jersey, Indiana and West Virginia,
that it required several days to determine it, and it was not known as to New York until the 19th of
November.
The popular vote for Presidential electors was cast on the 4th of November last, and the results are
tabulated below. Where differences were found to exist in the vote for Electors in any State the vote for
the highest on each ticket is given in all cases where the complete statement of the vote of the State has
been received. The results show a total vote of 10,046,073, of which the Cleveland ticket received
4,913,901, the Blaine ticket 4,847,659, the Butler ticket 133,880, and the St. John ticket 150,633,
showing a plurality of 66,242 for Cleveland. The total vote in 1880 was 9,218,251, and Garfield’s
plurality 9464. It should be noted, in considering the tabulated statement of this year’s vote, that the
Blaine Electoral tickets were supported by the Republicans and the People’s Party in Missouri and West
Virginia, and that Cleveland Electoral tickets were supported by the Democrats and the People’s Party in
Iowa, Michigan and Nebraska. The People’s Party claims to have cast about 41,300 votes for the fusion
ticket in Michigan and about 33,000 votes in Iowa. The vote of California is official from all but two
counties; the unofficial reports from these are included in the totals given in the table. South Carolina
returns 1237 “scattering” votes.
1884.
STATES. Electoral Vote.
Blaine, Rep. Cleveland, Dem. Butler, People’s St. John, Pro. Blaine. Cleveland.
Alabama 59,444 92,973 762 610 10
Arkansas 50,895 72,927 1,847 7
California 102,397 89,264 2,017 2,920 8
Colorado 36,277 27,627 1,957 759 3
Connecticut 65,898 67,182 1,685 2,494 6
Delaware 12,778 17,054 6 55 3
Florida 28,031 31,769 74 4
Georgia 47,603 94,567 125 184 12
Illinois 340,497 312,314 10,910 12,074 22
Indiana 238,480 244,992 8,293 3,013 15
Iowa 197,082 177,286 1,472 13
Kansas 154,406 90,132 16,346 4,495 9
Kentucky 118,674 152,757 1,655 3,106 13
Louisiana 46,347 62,546 120 338 8
Maine 72,209 52,140 3,953 2,160 6
Maryland 85,699 96,932 531 2,794 8
Massachusetts 146,724 122,481 24,433 10,026 14
Michigan 192,669 189,361 763 18,403 13
Minnesota 111,685 70,065 3,583 4,684 7
Mississippi 42,774 78,547 9
Missouri 202,029 235,988 2,153 16
Nebraska 76,877 54,354 2,858 5
Nevada 7,193 5,577 3
New Hampshire 43,249 39,192 552 1,575 4
New Jersey 123,436 127,798 3,496 6,159 9
New York 562,005 563,154 17,064 25,003 36
North Carolina 125,068 142,905 448 11
Ohio 400,082 368,280 5,179 11,069 23
Oregon 26,852 24,593 723 488 3
Pennsylvania 474,268 393,747 16,992 15,306 30
Rhode Island 19,030 12,394 422 928 4
South Carolina 21,733 69,890 9
Tennessee 124,078 133,258 957 1,131 12
Texas 88,353 223,208 3,321 3,511 13
Vermont 38,411 17,342 785 1,612 4
Virginia 139,356 145,497 143 12
West Virginia 63,913 67,331 805 927 6
Wisconsin 161,157 146,477 4,598 7,656 11
Total 4,847,659 4,913,901 133,880 150,663 182 219
Plurality 66,242
There was no hitch in the count of the vote in any of the Electoral Colleges, held at the capitols of the
various States. On the 9th of February, 1885, the two Houses of Congress assembled to witness the
counting of the vote. Mr. Edmunds, President of the Senate, upon its completion, announced that “it
appears” from the count that Mr. Cleveland has been elected President, etc. This form was used upon his
judgment as the only one which he could lawfully use, the Electoral law not having as yet determined the
power or prescribed the form for declaring the result of Presidential elections.
Cleveland’s Administration.
Foraker, R. 359,538
Hoadley, D. 341,380
Leonard, Pro. 28,054
Northrop, G. 2,760
The Irish-Americans who had left the Democratic party to vote for
Blaine, adhered to the Republican standard, and really increased
their numbers—more than a third more voting for Foraker than for
Blaine, while the Mugwump element practically disappeared. The
Prohibition vote had almost doubled, but as all third or fourth
parties as a rule attract their vote from the parties in which the most
discontent prevails, the excess came not from the Republican but the
Democratic ranks.
Pennsylvania’s result, following in November, was similar in all
material points to that of Ohio. Col. M. S. Quay, an acknowledged
political leader and a man of national reputation, thought it wise that
his party should oppose in the most radical and direct way, the
Democratic State and National Administration, and with this
purpose became a candidate for State Treasurer. The Democrats
nominated Conrad B. Day of Philadelphia. The result was as follows:
Quay, R. 324,694
Day, D. 281,178
Spangler, Pro. 15,047
Whitney, G. 2,783
Col. Quay’s majority greatly exceeded all expectation, and was
universally accepted as a condemnation of the two Democratic
administrations.
New York, of all the November States, very properly excited the
most attention. The Democrats renominated Gov. Hill upon a
platform tantamount to a condemnation of civil service reform—a
platform dictated by Tammany Hall, which was already quarrelling
with the National administration. The Mugwump leaders and
journals immediately condemned both the Democratic ticket and
platform, and joined with the Republicans in support of Davenport.
The result was:
Governor.
Hill, D. 501,418
Davenport, R. 489,727
Bascom, Pro 30,866
Jones, G. 2,127
Lieutenant-Governor.
Jones, D. 495,450
Carr, R. 492,288
Demorest, Pro. 31,298
Gage, G. 2,087