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Class 11 - Physics
Sample Paper - 06 (2023-24)

Maximum Marks: 70
Time Allowed: : 3 hours

General Instructions:

1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E. All the sections are
compulsory.
3. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B contains
five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case
study-based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in section B, C, D and E. You have to attempt
only one of the choices in such questions.
5. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. Which pairs do not have equal dimensions?
a) Force and impulse
b) Elastic modulus and pressure
c) Energy and torque
d) Angular momentum and Planck's constant
2. If a star emitting orange light moves away from the earth, it's color will:
a) appear yellow
b) remain the same
c) turns gradually blue
d) appear red
3. The moment of the force, F ⃗ = ^ ^ ^
4 i + 5j − 6k at (2, 0, -3), about the point (2, -2, -2), is given by
a) ^ ^ ^
−7 i − 4j − 8k

b) −8^i − 4^j − 7k
^

c) −4^i − ^j − 8k
^

d) −7i − 8^j − 4k ^

4. The angle of contact at the interface of water-glass is 0°, Ethyl alcohol-glass is 0°, Mercury-glass is 140° and Methyl
iodide glass is 30°. A glass capillary is put in a trough containing one of these four liquids. It is observed that the
meniscus is convex. The liquid in the trough is
a) water
b) methyliodide
c) mercury
d) ethylalcohol
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5. If V is the gravitational potential on the surface of the earth, then what is its value at the centre of the earth?
a) V 2

b) 3 V
c) V 3

d) 2 V
6. Two waves are propagating with the same amplitude and nearly the same frequency in opposite direction, they result in
a) beats
b) wave packet
c) resonance
d) stationary wave
7. What will be ratio of speed in first two seconds to the speed in next 4 seconds?

–
a) √2 : 1
b) 3 : 1
c) 2 : 1
d) 1 : 2
8. If the wave equation is y = 0.08 sin
2π

λ
(150t − x)s . Then velocity of the wave will be:
a) 150 units
–
b) 150√2 units
c) 300 units
–
d) 300√2 units
9. A solid sphere of volume V and density ρ floats at the interface of two immiscible liquids of densities ρ and 1

ρ respectively. If ρ < ρ < ρ , then the ratio of the volume of the parts of the sphere in upper and lower liquids is
2 1 2

ρ+ρ
a) ρ+ρ
2

ρ−ρ
b) ρ −ρ
1

ρ −ρ
c) ρ−ρ
2

ρ+ρ
d) ρ+ρ
1

10. If the radius of earth decreases by 1% and its mass remains same, then the acceleration due to gravity.
a) decreases by 2%
b) increases by 1%
c) decreases by 1%
d) increases by 2%
11. The angular acceleration of a rigid body α rotating about a fixed axis is given by (I is the moment of inertia and τ is the
torque):
a) Iα = τ
b) Iα = 2τ
c) Iα = τ

d) Iα = τ

12. The Celsius temperature at absolute zero is equal to:

a) 273o C
b) -273o C

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c) -100o C
d) 100o C
13. Assertion (A): Power of machine gun is determined by both, the number of bullets fired per second and kinetic energy
of bullets.
Reason (R): Power of any machine is defined as work done (by it) per unit time.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
14. Assertion: It is impossible for a ship to use the internal energy of sea water to operate its engine.
Reason: A refrigerator is a heat engine working in the reverse direction.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
15. Assertion: The time period of revolution of a satellite close to surface of earth is smaller than that revolving away from
surface of earth.
Reason: The square of time period of revolution of a satellite is directly proportional to cube of its orbital radius.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
16. Assertion (A): A body X is dropped from the top of a tower. At the same time, another body Y is thrown horizontally
from the same position with a velocity u. Both bodies will reach the ground at the same time.
Reason (R): Horizontal velocity has no effect motion in the vertical direction.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Section B
17. A cord 80 cm long is stretched by a load of 8.0 kg f. The mass per unit length of the cord is 4.0 × 10-5kg m -1. Find
i. speed of the transverse wave in the cord and
ii. frequency of the fundamental and that of the second overtone
18. If force F, length L and time T are taken as fundamental units then what will be the dimensions of mass?
19. The velocity of a body that has fallen freely under gravity varies as gphq, where g is the acceleration due to gravity at the
place and h is the height through which the body has fallen. Determine the values of p and q.
20. A body is dropped from the ceiling of a transparent cabin falling freely towards the earth. Describe the motion of the
body as observed by an observer
i. sitting in the cabin
ii. standing on the earth.
21. An apple of mass 0.25 kg falls from a tree. What is the acceleration of the apple towards the earth? Also, calculate the
acceleration of the earth towards the apple. Mass of the earth = 5.983 × 1024 kg, Radius of the earth = 6.378 × 106 m
and G = 6.67 × 10-11 Nm2 kg-2.

OR

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Mean solar day is the time interval between two successive noon when the sun passes through the zenith point
(meridian). The sidereal day is the time interval between two successive transit of a distant star through the zenith point
(meridian).

In drawing appropriate diagram showing earth’s spin and orbital motion, show that the mean solar day is four minutes
longer than the sidereal day. In other words, distant stars would rise 4 minutes early every successive day.
[Hint: you may assume a circular orbit for the earth.]
Section C
22. With what terminal velocity will an air bubble of density 1 kgm-3 and 0.8 mm in diameter rise in a liquid of viscosity
0.15 Nsm-2 and specific gravity 0.9? What is the terminal velocity of same bubble in water of η = 1 × 10-3 Nsm-2?
23. Distinguish between conduction, convection and radiation.
24. A police jeep on a patrol duty on national highway was moving with a speed of 54km/hr. It finds a thief rushing up in a
car at a rate of 126km/hr in the same direction. Police sub-inspector fired at the car of the thief with his service revolver
with a muzzle speed of 100m/s. With what speed will the bullet hit the car of thief?
25. A hammer of mass 1 kg strikes on the head of a nail with a velocity of 10 ms-1. It drives the nail 1 cm into a wooden
block. Calculate the force applied by the hammer and the time of impact.
26. A vessel of volume 0.2 m3 contains hydrogen gas at temperature 300 K and pressure 1 bar. Find the heat required to raise
the temperature of gas to 400 K. The molar heat capacity of hydrogen at constant volume is 20.9 J mol-1 K-1.
27. Discuss the motion of a car on a curved level (unbanked) road.
28. Show that a liquid at rest exerts a force perpendicular to the surface of the container at every point.

OR

A horizontal pipe of diameter 20 cm has a constriction of diameter 4 cm. The velocity of water in the pipe is 2m/s and
pressure is 10 N/m2. Calculate the velocity and pressure at the constriction?
Section D
29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Potential energy is the energy stored within an object, due to the object's position, arrangement or state. Potential energy
is one of the two main forms of energy, along with kinetic energy. Potential energy depends on the force acting on the
two objects.

i. A body is falling freely under the action of gravity alone in a vacuum. Which of the following quantities remain
constant during the fall?
a) mechanical energy

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b) none of these
c) potential energy
d) kinetic energy
ii. Work done by a conservative force is positive, if
a) potential energy decreases
b) kinetic energy increases
c) potential energy increases
d) kinetic energy decreases
iii. When does the potential energy of a spring increase?
a) only when spring is compressed
b) none of these
c) both only when spring is stretched and compressed
d) only when spring is stretched

OR

A vehicle of mass 5000 kg climbs up a hill of 10 m. The potential energy gained by it

a) 5 × 104
b) 5 × 105 J
c) 500 J
d) 5 J
iv. Dimension of k/m is, here k is the force constant
a) T2
b) T-2
c) T-1
d) T1
30. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Root mean square velocity (RMS value)is the square root of the mean of squares of the velocity of individual gas
molecules and the Average velocity is the arithmetic mean of the velocities of different molecules of a gas at a given
temperature.

i. Moon has no atmosphere because:

a) the escape velocity of the moon’s surface is more than the r.m.s velocity of all molecules
b) it is far away from the surface of the earth
c) the r.m.s. velocity of all the gas molecules is more than the escape velocity of the moon’s surface
d) its surface temperature is 10oC
CP
ii. For an ideal gas, CV
is
a) ≤ 1

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b) none of these
c) > 1
d) < 1
–
iii. The root means square velocity of hydrogen is √5 times that of nitrogen. If T is the temperature of the gas then:
a) T(H2) = T(N2)
b) T(H2) < T(N2)
c) none of these
d) T(H2) > T(N2)
iv. Suppose the temperature of the gas is tripled and N2 molecules dissociate into an atom. Then what will be the
rms speed of atom:
a) none of these
–
b) v √6
0

–
c) v √3
0

d) v0

OR

The velocities of the molecules are v, 2v, 3v, 4v & 5v. The RMS speed will be:
a) 11 v
b) v(12)11
c) v
d) v(11)12
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Section E
31. A cylindrical piece of cork of density of base area A and height h floats in a liquid of density ρ . The cork is depressed
l
−−
−
hρ
slightly and then released. Show that the cork oscillates up and down simple harmonically with a period T = 2π√
ρl g

Where ρ is the density of cork. (Ignore damping due to viscosity of the liquid).

OR

A person normally weighing 60 kg stands on a platform which oscillates up and down harmonically at a frequency of 2.0
s-1 and an amplitude 5.0 cm. If a machine on the platform gives the person's weight against time, deduce the maximum
and minimum readings it will show. Take g = 10 ms-2.
32. A man wants to reach from A to the opposite corner of the square C (as in figure). The sides of the square are 100 m. A
central square of 50m × 50m is filled with sand. Outside this square, he can walk at a speed 1 m/s-1. In the central
square, he can walk only at a speed of vm/s (v<1) What is smallest value of v for which he can reach faster via a straight
path through the sand than any path in the square outside the sand?

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OR

A projectile is fired horizontally with a velocity of 98 ms-1 from the hill 490 m high. Find
i. time taken to reach the ground
ii. the distance of the target from the hill and
iii. the velocity with which the projectile strikes the ground.
33. A small sphere of radius R is held against the inner surface of a larger sphere of radius 6R (Fig.). The masses of large
and small spheres are 4M and M, respectively. This arrangement is placed on a horizontal table. There is no friction
between any surfaces of contact. The small sphere is now released. Find the co-ordinates of the centre of the larger
sphere when the smaller sphere reaches the other extreme position.

OR

a. Find the moment of inertia of a sphere about a tangent to the sphere, given the moment of inertia of the sphere about
2

any of its diameters to be , where M is the mass of the sphere and R is the radius of the sphere.
2MR

5
2

b. Given the moment of inertia of a disc of mass M and radius R about any of its diameters to be MR
, find its moment
4

of inertia about an axis normal to the disc and passing through a point on its edge.

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Class 11 - Physics
Sample Paper - 06 (2023-24)

Solution

Section A
1. (a) Force and impulse
Explanation: [Force] = [MLT-2], [Impulse] = [MLT-1]
2. (d) appear red
Explanation: Due to the Doppler effect for a source moving away from a stationary observer
v
f1 = × f
v+u

Frequency will decrease thus wavelength will increase thus signal will shift towards red light.
3. (a) −7^i − 4^j − 8k
^

Explanation:

⃗ ^ ^ ^
F = 4 i + 5j − 6k

^
⃗ = (2 − 2) ^
r ⃗ − r0
^
i + (0 + 2) j + (−3 + 2) k

^ ^ ^
= 0 i + 2j − k

⃗ ) × F⃗
τ ⃗ = (r ⃗ − r 0

∣^ ^ ^ ∣
i j k
∣ ∣
^ ^ ^
= ∣0 2 −1 ∣ = −7 i − 4j − 8k
∣ ∣
∣4 5 −6 ∣

4. (c) mercury
Explanation: It is given that the meniscus is convex. This means the angle is obtuse. This indicates that the liquid in the
trough is mercury. This can also, be understood from the fact as:
The surface is always perpendicular to the resultant force. Since the meniscus is convex, the resultant force is inside the
liquid. That means that cohesive force is greater than adhesive force like in the case of mercury.
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5. (c) V
3

Explanation: V = − GM

Vcentre = −
3 GM 2 2
(3R − r )
2 3
R

=− 3

2
GM

3
(3R
2
− 0)
R

=−
3 GM 3
= − V
2 R 2

6. (d) stationary wave

Explanation: Stationary waves are formed when two waves of the same frequency traveling in opposite directions are
superimposed.

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7. (c) 2 : 1
Explanation: Magnitude of slope of distance-time graph gives the speed of the particle.
Slope of line AB, m1 =
BO x
=
AO 2

Thus speed in first two seconds, v1 ​= ∣m1∣ = x

Slope of line BC, m2 =

−BO −x
=
CO 4

Thus speed in first two seconds, v2 ​= ∣m2∣ =

x

4
x

v1
Thus ratio of speed
2 2
= x
=
v2 1
4

8. (a) 150 units

Explanation: y = A sin
2π
(vt − x)
λ
2π
y = 0.08 sin (150t − x)
λ

∴ v = 150 units
ρ −ρ
9. (c)
2

ρ−ρ1

Explanation: Let V1 and V2 be the volumes of the parts of the sphere immersed in liquids of densities ρ and ρ
1 2

respectively. According to the law of floatation,

Weight of sphere = Weight of liquid 1 displaced + Weight of liquid 2 displaced
V ρg = V1 ρ1 g + V2 ρ2 g

⇒ (V1 + V2)ρg = V 1
ρ1 g + V2 ρ2 g

⇒ V1 (ρ − ρ1 ) = V2 ( ρ2 − ρ)

V1 ρ2 −ρ
∴ =
V2 ρ−ρ
1

10. (d) increases by 2%

Explanation: g =
GM

2
R

For constant G and M

Δg
= -2(-1)% = + 2%
ΔR
× 100 = −2 × 100
g R

The value of g increases by 2%.

11. (a) Iα = τ
Explanation: L = Iω

differentiate with respect to time

dL dω
= I
dt dt
dL
= τ
dt
dω
= α
dt

τ = Iα
12. (b) -273o C
TC −0 TK −273.15
Explanation: 100−0
=
373.15−273.15

13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Kinetic energy of one bullet = K
Kinetic energy of n bullets = nK
According to law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy of bullets be equal to the work done by machine gun per
sec.
Power = = nk
Work

Time

14. (b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
15. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: The time period of satellite, T ∝ r 3/2

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or T ∝ (Re + h)3/2
For a satellite revolving close to surface of the earth, h = 0.
3/2
∴ T ∝ ( Re )

It is evident that the period of revolution of a satellite depends upon its height above the earth’s surface. Greater is the
height of a satellite above the earth’s surface greater is its period of revolution.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
−− −−−−−
17. i. v = √
T

m
= √
8×9.8

−5
= 1400 ms
−1

4×10
−−
ii. Fundamental frequency, ν =
2L
1
√
T

m
=
1

2×0.80
× 1400 = 875 Hz

Second overtone or third harmonic,

ν = 3v = 3 × 875 = 2625 Hz
3

18. Let m = K F L T a b c

Substituting the dimension of, [F ] = [M LT

−2
] , [L] = [L] and [T ] = [T ] , we have
[M] = [MLT-2]a[L]b[T]c
[M] = MaLa+ bT-2a + c
On equating the powers on both sides, we get
a = 1, a + b = 0, -2a + c = 0
Solvign these equations, we get
a = 1, b = -1 and c = 2
Hence, dimensions of mass M are [F1L-1T2].
19. Let v = K gp hq,
where K = a dimensionless constant. Putting the dimensions of various quantities, we get
LT-1 = [LT-2]p [L]q
or L1T-1 = Lp + q T-2p
Equating the powers of L and T on both sides, we get:
p + q = 1, -2p = -1
On solving, p = ,q=
1 1

2 2

20. i. The body will appear stationary in air.

ii. The body will appear falling freely under gravity.
21. Here m = 0.25 kg, M = 5.983 × 1024 kg, R = 6.378 × 106 m
Force of gravitation between earth and apple,
F=
GMm

2
R

Acceleration of the apple towards the earth,

a= =
F

m
GM

2
R

= 9.810 ms-2
−11 24

=
6.67 × 10 × 5.983 × 10

2
6
(6.378 × 10 )

Acceleration of the earth towards the apple,

−11
′ F Gm 6.67 × 10 × 0.25
a = = =
m 2
6
2
R (6.378 × 10 )

= 4.099 × 10-25 ms-2

OR

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Consider that on a day at noon sun passes through the zenith (meridian). After one revolution (3600) of the earth about
its own axis sun again passes through the zenith.
2
−b±√b −4ac

During this time when earth revolve at its own axis by 360o it changes its angle x = 2a

rotation by earth is considered as one solar day.

If 361 corresponds to 24 hrs
∘

1
0
=
361
24
hrs =
24

361
× 3600 sec = 3min59sec ≅ 4min .
Hence, distant star rises 4 min. early every day.
Section C
22. given that,
Here r = = 0.4 mm = 0.4 × 10-3 m, η = 0.15 Ns/m2, g = 9.8 m/s2
0.8

Specific gravity of the liquid = 0.9

Density of liquid (given medium),
ρ
′
= 0.9 × 103 kg m-3 = 900 kg m-3
Density of air bubble (spherical object),
ρ = 1 kg m-3
Terminal velocity of air bubble,
2
2 ′ −3
2r g(ρ−ρ ) 2×(0.4×10 ) ×9.8×(1−900)
v= 9η
=
9×0.15

= -0.0021 ms-1
The negative sign shows that the air bubble will rise up.
Terminal velocity of air bubble in water :
Here ρ = 1000 kg m-3, η = 10-3 Nsm-2
′

2
−3
2×(0.4×10 ) ×9.8×(1−1000)
∴ v =
−3
9×10

= -0.348 ms-1
23. Three modes of heat transmission are conduction, convection, and radiation. Their main points of distinctions are as
follows:
Conduction Convention Radiation
In conduction, heat transfer In radiation, heat transfer occurs
In convection, the heat transfer takes within
takes place between objects by through electromagnetic waves without
the fluid.
direct contact. involving particles.
The heat transfer takes place
The heat transfer occurs due to the The heat transfer occurs in all objects
due to the difference in
difference in density. with a temperature greater than 0 K.
temperature.

The heat transfer in conduction The heat transfer in radiation is the

The heat transfer in convection is faster.
is slow. fastest.
The heat transfer occurs through
The heat transfer occurs The heat transfer occurs through
intermediate objects. For example, heat
through a heated solid object. electromagnetic waves.
transfer between air and water.

It does not follow the laws of It does not follow the laws of reflection and It follows the laws of reflection and
reflection and refraction. refraction. refraction.

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(54×5)
24. Velocity of the police jeep, VPJ = 54km/hr = 18
= 15m/s
(126×5)
Velocity of the thief car, VTC = 126km/hr = 18
= 35m/s
Muzzle speed of the bullet V = 100m/s. B

Now velocity of the thief car, VTC with respect to the police jeep (VPJ), VCP = VTC - VPJ = 35 - 15 = 20m/s.
VBC = VB - VCP = 100 - 20 = 80 m/s
Where, VBC = Velocity of bullet, VB w.r.t the relative velocity of the thief car, VCP
Thus bullet will hit the car with a velocity of 80m/s.
25. It is given that the mass of hammer M = 1 kg and hammer strikes the nail with a velocity of 10 ms-1 . As mass of nail is
extremely small, hence nail also start moving with same velocity.
Thus, for nail u = 10 ms-1, v = 0 and distance covered, s = 1 cm = 0.01 m.
By using the relation v2 - u2 = 2as, we have
(0)2 - (10)2 = 2 × a × (0.01)
...............(1)
10×10 3 −2
⇒ a = − = −5 × 10 ms
2×0.01

Now using the relation v = u + at, we obtain

0 = 10 - 5 × 103 . t [by using equation (1)]
⇒ t =
10

3
= 2 × 10
−3
s or 2 ms
5×10
Δp Mu−0
Therefore, Force exerted by the hammer on the nail =
1×10 3
= = = 5 × 10 N
−3
Δt Δt 2×10

26. The heat required for rising in temperature is

ΔQ = n ⋅ Cv ⋅ ΔT

Here Cv = 20.9 Jmol-1K-1 and ΔT = T2 - T1 = 400 - 300 = 100 K, P = 1 bar = 105 Pascal
From ideal gas equation, PV = nRT1,
PV
n =
RT1
5

moles
10 ×0.2
= = 8
8.31×300

ΔQ = 8 × 20.9 × 100 = 16720 J

27. Suppose the car is going around an unbanked (level) curve as shown in the figure. The diagram shows a free-body
diagram of the forces acting on the car. Forces acting on the car are : (i) the weight of the car equal to mg, (ii) normal
reaction N acting upwards, and (iii) force of lateral static friction.

As there is no acceleration along the vertical direction, we can write,

N - mg = 0 or N = mg.
The centripetal force required for circular motion is along the surface of the road and is provided by the frictional force f.
Thus, static friction provides the centripetal acceleration. The car will remain in dynamic equilibrium if
2

Centripetal force F (= mv

r
) ≤ f

But we know that the maximum value of frictional force, f = μ s ⋅ N = μs mg

where μ is coefficient of static friction.

s

Hence, for equilibrium we have

2
mv
≤ μs mg
r

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−−− − −
⇒ v ≤ √μs ⋅ rg

or vmax = √−−−− −
μ ⋅ rg s

28. Consider a liquid contained in a vessel in the equilibrium state of rest. As shown in Fig., suppose the liquid exerts a force
F on the bottom surface in an inclined direction OA. The surface exerts an equal reaction R to water along OB.

The reaction R along OB has two rectangular components:

i. Tangential component, OC = R cos θ
ii. Normal component, OD = R sin θ

Since a liquid cannot resist any tangential force, the liquid near O should begin to flow along OC. But the liquid is at
rest, the force along OC must be zero.
∴ R cos θ = 0
As R ≠ 0, so cos θ = 0 or θ = 90o
Hence a liquid always exerts a force perpendicular to the surface of the container at every point.

OR

according to equation of continuity

a1v1 = a2v2
a1 v1
v2 =
a2
→ (1)
Now, v1 = velocity at1 = 2m/s
v2 = velocity at 2 = ? a2, a1 = Cross – Sectional Area at 2 & 1.
a2 = π × r
2
2
; r2 = 2cm
2 2 −2
a2 = π × (0.02) m = 2 × 10 m

2
a1 = π × r
1

2 2
a1 = π × (0.1) m

r1 = 10cm
−2
= 10 × 10 m

= 10-1m
= 0.1m
Now, from equation 1)
2
π×(0.1) ×2
v2 =
2
π×(0.02)

0.01×2
v2 =
−4
2×10

v2 = 50m/s
Acc. to Bernoulli’s theorem, for the horizontal pipeline, we have,
P2, P1 = Pressure at 1 & 2
s = Density

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1 2 1 2
P1 + sv = P2 + sv
2 1 2 2

1 2 2
P2 = P1 − s (v − v )
2 2 1

P1 = 107N/m2
v2 = 50m/s
v1 = 2m/s

s = 103 kg/m3
So, P 2 = 10
7
−
1

2
× 10
3
[(50)
2 2
− (2) ]

7 1 3
= 10 − × 10 [2500 − 4]
2
7 5
= 10 − 12.48 × 10

6 2
P2 = 8.752 × 10 N /m

Section D
29. i. (a) mechanical energy
Explanation: mechanical energy
ii. (a) potential energy decreases
Explanation: potential energy decreases
iii. (c) both only when spring is stretched and compressed
Explanation: both only when spring is stretched and compressed

OR

(b) 5 × 105 J
Explanation: 5 × 105 J
iv. (b) T-2
Explanation: T-2
30. i. (c) the r.m.s. velocity of all the gas molecules is more than the escape velocity of the moon’s surface
Explanation: The r.m.s. velocity of all the gas molecules is more than the escape velocity of the moon’s
surface.
ii. (c) > 1
Explanation: > 1
iii. (b) T(H2) < T(N2)
Explanation: T(H2) < T(N2)
–
iv. (b) v 0 √6

–
Explanation: v 0 √6

OR

(d) v(11)12
Explanation: v(11)12
Section E
31. This numerical can be solved using concept of Simple Harmonic Motion of floating object in which an object is dipped
into the liquid and released by pushing it down,due to increased buoyant force it will move upward due to which excess
force will push it downward.This repeated up and down movement of the object is governed by the laws of Simple
Harmonic Motion assuming viscous forces are absent.
so area of the cork = A
Height of the cork = h

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Density of the liquid = ρ l

Density of the cork = ω

In equilibrium:
Weight of the cork = Weight of the liquid displaced by the floating cork
Let the cork be depressed slightly by x. As a result, some extra water of a certain volume is displaced. Hence, an extra
up-thrust acts upward and provides the restoring force to the cork.
Up-thrust = Restoring force, F = Weight of the extra water displaced
F = –(Volume × Density × g)
Volume = Area × Distance through which the cork is depressed
Volume = Ax
∴ F = −A × ρl g

According to the force law:

F = kx
F
k =
x

Where, k is a constant
k =
F

x
= −Aρl g ...(ii)
The time period of the oscillations of the cork:
−−
T = 2π√
m
....(iii)
k

Where,
m = Mass of the cork
= Volume of the cork × Density
= Base area of the cork × Height of the cork × Density of the cork
= Ahρ
Hence, the expression for the time period will be -
−−−−
−−
−
Ahρ hρ
T = 2π√ = 2π√
Aρ g ρ g
l l

From the above expression it is proved that time period of the fork does not depend on the mass of the object rather
depends on specific gravity of the cork and height of the cork and acceleration due to gravity.

OR

The platform vibrates between the positions A and B about the mean position O, as shown in figure.

Given A = 5.0 cm, m = 60 kg, v = 2 Hz

At A and B, the acceleration is maximum and is directed towards the mean position.
It is given by
2
amax = ω A

= 4π 2 2
v A

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= 4 × 9.87 × (2)2 × 0.05 = 7.9 ms-2

At A, both the weight mg and the restoring force F are directed towards O. Therefore, the weight at A is maximum and is
given by
W1 = (mg + F) = (mg + mamax) = m(g + amax)
= 60 (10 + 7.9) = 60 × 17.9 = 1074 N
= = 107.4 kg f
1074 1074
=
g 10

At B, mg and F are opposed to each other so that the weight is minimum. It is given by
W2 = (mg - F) = (mg - mamax) = m (g - amax)
= 60 (10 - 7.9) = (60 × 2.1) N = 126 N
= 126

10
= 12.6 kg f

−−− −−−−− –
32. Let us first calculate the lengths of PQ and AC , P Q 2
= √50 + 50
2
= 50√2
−−−−−−−−− –
2 2
AC = √100 + 100 = 100√2

Time(T1) taken through path A → P → Q → C

(AP +QC ) PQ
T1 = +
1m/s v

AC −P Q PQ – – 50√2
T1 = + = 100√2 − 50√2 +
1 ν v

– 50√2 – 1
T1 = 50√2 + = 50√2(1 + )
2 v

(AR+RC )
Time taken along the path A → R → C =
1
= 2AR = T2 ,
Using Pythagoras theorem, we get
100√2 50√2
AR
2
= AO
2
+ OR
2
= (
2
2
) + (
2
2
) = 5000 + 1250 = 6250
−−−− −−
AR = √6250 = 25√10 s
−− −−
T2 = 2 × 25√10 s = 50√10 s

For Tsand < Toutside, we have

– 1 −−
50√2[1 + ] < 50√10
v
1 –
[1 + ] < √5
v
1 –
< √5 − 1
v
1 3.3
v < = = 0.83m/s
(√5−1) 4

v < 0.82 m / s

OR

From the given figure, YO = 490 m. A body projected horizontally from O with velocity u = 98 ms-1 hits the ground at
position A following a parabolic path as shown in the figure.

i. Let T be the time of flight of the projectile.

Taking vertical downward motion of projectile from O to A, we have

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y0 = 0, y = 490 m, uy = 0, ay = 9.8 m/s2, t = T

From equation of kinematics, y = y0 + uyt + 1

2
ayt2
1 2 2
⇒490 = 0 + 0 × T + × 9.8 × T = 4.9T
2
−−−
or T = √
490

4.9
= 10s

ii. Taking horizontal motion(i.e, motion along OX axis) of projectile from O to A,we have
x0 = 0, x = R (say), ux = 98 m/s, t = T =10 s , ax = 0 (as there is no acceleration along horizontal)
As, x =
1 2
x0 + ux t + ax t
2

= 980 m
1 2
∴ R = 0 + 98 × 10 + × 0 × 10
2

iii. Let vx, vy be the horizontal and vertical component velocity of the projectile at point A.
Using the relation, vx = ux + axt = 98 + 0× 10 = 98 m/s, which is represented by AB.
Similarly, vy = uy + ayt = 0 + 9.8 × 10 = 98 m/s as represented by AC
∴ The magnitude of the resultant velocity is given by
−− −−−− −−− −−−−− –
2 2 2
v = √vx + vy = √98 + 98
2
= 98√2 m/s
And the direction of the resultant velocity is given by
vy
tan β =
vx
=
98

98
= 1 or β = 45
∘
with the horizontal.
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33. Initial position of the centre of mass of the system is given by
4M(L)+M(L+5R)
xC M =
5M
=L+R
When the smaller sphere reaches the other extreme (Fig.), the larger sphere moves to the right so that

The position of CM of the system remains unchanged (as no external force is acting in the system). The new position of
the CM of the system is
4M(x)+M(x−5R)
′
x = = x− R
CM 5M

But xCM = x'CM

or L + R = x - R
or x = L + 2 R
∴ The Centre of the larger sphere will lie at (L + 2R, 0).

OR

a. The moment of inertia (M.I.) of a sphere about its diameter is given by =

2 2
MR
5

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Given,
Moment of inertia of the sphere about its diameter is given by = ( )mR²
2

Use, parallel axis theorem ,

Moment of inertia of the sphere about tangent is given by = I + mR²
= ( )mR² + mR²
2

= (7/5)mR²
b. Moment of inertia of disc of mass m and radius R about any of its diameter is = mR²/4
Moment of inertia about diameter is given by = Ix = Iy= ( )mR²
1

Using , perpendicular axis theorem,

Iz = Ix + Iy
Where Iz is moment of inertia about perpendicular axis of plane of disc. Hence,
Iz = ( )mR² + ( )mR²
1 1

4 4

= ( )mR²
1

Moment of inertia of disc about passing through a point of its edge is given by;
Use , parallel axis theorem, we get
I = Iz + mR²
= ( ) mR² + mR²
1

= ( )mR²
3

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