CLASS – XII

[PHYSICS]
Maximum Marks : 70 Time : 3 hours Date 19.01.2024

1. Charges q, 2q, 3q and 4q are placed at the corners A, B, C and D of a square as shown in Fig. The
direction of electric field at the centre of square is along

(a)AB (b)CB (c) BD (d)AC

2. Two materials of dielectric constant K1 and K2 are filled between two parallel plates as shown in
Fig. The capacity of the capacitor is

3. The resultant capacitance between points A and B in figure is

4. The equivalent resistance of the arrangement of resistances shown in adjoining figure between
the points A and B is

(a) 6 ohm (b) 8 ohm (c) 16 ohm (d) 24 ohm

5. The voltage V and current I graph for a conductor at two different temperatures T1 and T2 are
shown in the figure. The relation between T1 and T2 is–

(a) T1 > T2 (b) T1 ≈ T2 (c) T1 = T2 (d) T1 < T2

6. For a cell, the terminal potential difference is 3.6 V, when there circuit is open. If the potential
difference reduces to 3V, when cell is connected to a resistance of 5 , the internal resistance of
cell is–
(a) 1  (b) 2  (c) 4  (d) 8 

7. How much work is required to carry a 6 C charge from the negative to the positive terminal of
a 9V battery?

(a) 50 × 103 J (b) 54 × 10–6 J (c) 50 × 10–9 J (d) 50 × 10–12 J

8. Following graph shows the variation of photoelectric current with anode potential for two light
beam of same wavelength but different intensity. Find the correct relation:

(a) I1 > I2 (b) I1 = I2 (c) I1 < I2 (d) I1 < I2

9. The slope of frequency of incident ray and stopping potential for a given surface is:

(a) h (b) h/e (c) eh (d) e

10. Identify the correct relation for the given diagram for frequency:

(a) v1 = v2 = v3 (b) v1 > v2 > v3 (c) v1 < v2 < v3 (d) v1 = 2v2 = 3v3

11. The threshold wavelength for a metal having work function 0 is 0, what is the threshold
wavelength for a metal whose work function is 0/2.

(a) 4 0 (b) 2 0 (c) 0/2 (d) 0/4

12. In Geiger Marsden experiment, the expression of distance of closest approach to the nucleus of
a alpha particle before it comes to momentarily at rest and reverse its direction is:

13. Assertion (A) : The surface of a conductor is an equipotential surface.

Reason (R) : Conductor allows the flow of charge.

(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
14. Assertion (A) : A point charge is brought in an electric field. The field at a nearby point is increase
whatever be the nature of the charge.
Reason (R) : The electric field is independent of the nature of charge.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct
15. Assertion (A) : The whole charge of a conductor cannot be transferred to another isolated
conductor.
Reason (R) : The total transfer of charge from one to another is not possible.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.

16. Assertion : The resistivity of a semi-conductor increases with temperature.

Reason : The atoms of semi-conductor vibrate with larger amplitude as higher temperatures
thereby increasing its resistivity.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) The Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

17. State Bohr’s postulates for explaining the spectrum of hydrogen atoms.
OR
Define the terms (a) Excitation and ionization energies and (b) excitation and ionization
potentials.

18. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6eV. What are the kinetic and potential
energies of electron in this state?

19. The variation of the stopping potential (V0) with the frequency (v) of the light incident on two
different photosensitive surface which has greater value of the work function.

20. A proton and an  particle are accelerated through the same potential difference. Which one of
the two has (i) greater de-Broglie wavelength, and (ii) less kinetic energy? Justify your answer.

21. A (i) series (ii) parallel combination of two given resistors is connected one-by-one, across a cell.
In which case will the terminal potential difference, across the cell, have a higher value?

22. Using Bohr’s atomic model, derive the expression for the velocity of electron revolving in the nth
orbit of hydrogen atom.
Or
 Using Bhor’s postulates, derive the expression for the frequency of radiation emittes when
electron in hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher energy state (quantum number ni)
to the lower state, (nf). When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from energy state ni =4 to nf =
3,2,1 identify the spectral series to which the emission lines belong.

23. Define the terms

(i) ‘cut-off voltage’ and (ii) ‘threshold frequency’ in relation to the phenomenon of photoelectric
effect. Using Einstein’s photoelectric equation shows how the cut-off voltage and threshold
frequency for a given photosensitive material can be determined with the help of a suitable
plot/graph.

24. Show, on a plot, variation of resistivity of (i) a conductor, and (ii) a typical semiconductor as a
function of temperature.
Using the expression for the resistivity in terms of number density and relaxation time between
the collisions, explain how resistivity in this case of a conductor increase while it decrease in
semiconductor, with the rise of temperature.

25. Define relaxation time of the free electrons drifting in a conductor. How is it related to the drift
velocity of free electrons? Use this relation to deduce the expression for the electrical resistivity
of the material.

26. Six resistors, each of value 4, are joined together in a circuit as shown in the diagram.
Calculate equivalent resistance across the points A and B. If a cell of emf 2 volt is connected
across AB, Compute the current through the arms AB and DF of circuit.

27. A network of four capacitors each of 12 F capacitance is connected to a 500 V supply as shown
in the figure. Determine (a) equivalent capacitance of the network and (b) charge on each
capacitor.

28. Use Gauss’s law to derive the expression for the electric field between two uniformly charged
large parallel sheets with surface charge densities  and – respectively.
OR
(a) A charge + Q is placed on a large spherical conducting shell of radius R. Another small
conducting sphere of radius r carrying charge ‘q’ is introduced inside the large shell and is placed
 at its centre. Find the potential difference between two points, one lying on the sphere and the
other on the shell.
(b) How would the charge between the two flow if they are connected by a conducting wire?
Name the device which works on this fact?

29. Electric field strength is proportional to the density of lines of force i.e., electric field strength at
a point is proportional to the number of lines of force cutting a unit area element placed normal
to the field at that point. As illustrated in the given figure, the electric field at P is stronger that at
Q

(i) Electric lines of force about a positive point charge are

(a) radially outwards (b) circular clockwise
(c) radially inwards (d) parallel straight lines.

(ii) Which of the following is false for electric lines of force?

(a) They always start from positive charges and terminate on negative charges.
(b) They are always perpendicular to the surface of a charged conductor.
(c) They always form closed loops.
(d) They are parallel and equally spaced in a region of uniform electric field.

(iii) Which one of the following pattern of electric line of force in not possible in filed due to
stationary charges ?

(iv) Electric lines of force are curved

(a) in the field of a single positive or negative charge
(b)in the field of two equal and opposite charges
(c) in the field of two like charges
(d) both (b) and (c)
OR
(v) The figure below shows the electric field lines due to two positive charges. The magnitudes
EA, EB and EC of the electric fields at points A, B and C respectively are related as
 (a) EA  EB  EC (b) EB  EA  EC (c) EA = EB  EC (d) EA  EB = EC

30. When electric dipole is placed in uniform electric field, its two charges experience equal and
opposite forces, which cancel each other and hence net force on electric dipole in uniform electric
field is zero. However these forces are not collinear, so they give rise to some torque on the dipole.
Since net force on electric dipole in uniform electric field is zero, so no work is done in moving the
electric dipole in uniform electric field. However some work is done in rotating the dipole against
the torque acting on it.

(i) The dipole moment of a dipole in a uniform external field Ev is Pv. Then the torque τ vacting on
the dipole is
(a)  = P  E (b)  = P E (c)  = 2( P + E ) (d)  = ( P + E )

(ii) An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges, each of magnitude 1.0 µC separated by a
distance of 2.0 cm. The dipole is placed in an external field of 10 NC 5 1 - . The maximum torque
on the dipole is (a) 0.2 × 10–3 Nm (b) 1 × 10–3 Nm (c) 2 × 10–3 Nm (d) 4 ×
–3
10 Nm

(iii) Torque on a dipole in uniform electric field is minimum when θ is equal to

(a) 0° (b) 90° (c) 180° (d) Both (a) and (c)

(iv) When an electric dipole is held at an angle in a uniform electric field, the net force F and torque τ
on the dipole are
(a) F = 0,  = 0 (b) F  0,   0
(c) F = 0,   0 (d) F  0,  = 0
OR
(v) An electric dipole of moment p is placed in an electric field of intensity E. The dipole acquires a
position such that the axis of the dipole makes an angle θ with the direction of the field. Assuming
that the potential energy of the dipole to be zero when θ = 90c, the torque and the potential
energy of the dipole will respectively be
(a) pE sin  , − pE cos (b) pE sin  , −2 pE cos
(c) pE sin  , 2 pE cos  (d) pE cos , − pE sin 
31. (a) Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector? Derive the expression for the electric
field of a dipole at a point on the equatorial plane of the dipole.
(b) Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole. Locate the points where the
potential due to the dipole is zero.
OR
Using Gauss’ law deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged spherical
conducting shell of radius R at a point (i) outside and (ii) inside the shell. Plot a graph showing
variation of electric field as a function of r. (r being the distance from the centre of the shell)

32. State Kirchhoff’s rules. Use these rules to write the expressions for the currents I1, I2 and I3 in the
circuit diagram shown.

OR
Calculate the current drawn from the battery in the given network.

33. Define the term function of a metal. The threshold frequency of a metal is f0. When the light of
frequency 2f0 is incident on the metal plate, the maximum velocity of electrons emitted is v1.
When the frequency of the incident radiation is increased of 5f0, the maximum velocity of
electrons emitted is v2. Find the ratio of v1 to v2.
OR
For photoelectric effect in sodium, the figure shows the plot of cut-off voltage versus frequency
of incident radiation. Calculate (i) threshold frequency (ii) work function for sodium.