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BT5 Dacibar

A truss is a pre-engineered framework that supports roofs and floors. Trusses have advantages like lower cost and easier installation compared to other materials. However, wooden trusses are more susceptible to damage from fire, insects, and weather than steel trusses. Truss-framed systems provide greater structural integrity by increasing continuity from the foundation to the roof. Key truss components include the apex, chords, joints, and webs. Plywood is commonly used for subfloors, sheathing, and wall framing due to its strength and insulation properties. Floor trusses can be customized for depth. Foundations include slab-on-grade, piers, and shingles,

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Daphne Ann Athena Dacibar
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6 views

BT5 Dacibar

A truss is a pre-engineered framework that supports roofs and floors. Trusses have advantages like lower cost and easier installation compared to other materials. However, wooden trusses are more susceptible to damage from fire, insects, and weather than steel trusses. Truss-framed systems provide greater structural integrity by increasing continuity from the foundation to the roof. Key truss components include the apex, chords, joints, and webs. Plywood is commonly used for subfloors, sheathing, and wall framing due to its strength and insulation properties. Floor trusses can be customized for depth. Foundations include slab-on-grade, piers, and shingles,

Uploaded by

Daphne Ann Athena Dacibar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A truss is a framework that supports a roof, floor, or other structure.

It’s assembled in a factory


with pre-engineered structures and joints.
(READ 1ST SLIDE)
Next, its advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages- Less expensive/less labor to assemble or install cause you don't have to use
bigger machinery, since they are light in weight. Resistant to heat and electrical conduction.
Energy efficient, because wood has a higher insulation rating than either steel or plastic. This
means that it takes less energy to heat and cool houses made with wood. It is also
Aesthetically pleasing. In fact, many restaurant chains express their corporate identity in the
roof design of their buildings. And many more.
Disadvantages- Wooden trusses simply do not last as long as steel trusses. Because
wooden trusses are made from timber they are susceptible to fire, mold, insect infestation,
moisture damage, and rot. Wooden trusses are also far more likely to be damaged in severe
weather. Unlike to Steel trusses that is fire resistant and do not need chemical treatments to
maintain the frame, are not susceptible to insect infestation, mold, rot, or moisture damage.

TRUSS FRAMED SYSTEM


National Association of Home Builders - NAHB
TFS evolved from field observations where framing failures is commonly occurred at
connections between sa floor, walls, and roof. So, It became apparent or clear that increased
continuity halin sa foundation to the roof would lead to greater structural integrity biskan wala
na sang pagtaas sang material requirements.

PART OF TRUSS
The Basic Components of a Roof Truss
Apex – Highest point where the sloping top chords meet.
Bearing – Structural support of trusses (usually walls) normally with a timber wall plate.
Bottom Chords (BC) – the lowest longitudinal member of a truss.
Cantilever – part of structural member that extends beyond its support.
Cantilever Strut – web that joins the bottom chord above the bearing point to the top chord of
a cantilevered truss.
Chord – main members that form the outline of the truss and subject to relatively large axial
forces and bending moments.
Clear Span – horizontal distance between interior edges of supports.
Heel – point on a truss which top and bottom chord intersect.
Joint – point of intersection of one or more web(s) with a chord.
Nail Plate – galvanized steel plate punched to form a nail pattern integral with the plate and
used to connect timber members.
Node (node point) – point of intersection of two or more members that make up the panels of
a truss.
Nominal Span – horizontal distance between outside edges of the supports (wall plates) –
usually the tie beam length.

SHEATHING PLYWOOD
Sheathing plywood can be used for structural and non-structural work in a residential or
construction setting. It’s thicker than your average plywood board, but it’s the same as any
other type of plywood. It’s made from layers of veneers that have been glued together and
tightly compressed. It also contains minimal knotholes to offer better insulation and water
resistance. For those who doesnt know what sheathing is gali, it is what you do to walls, roofs,
or flooring to strengthen the structure or add padding for insulation, soundproofing, or
waterproofing purposes. Most sheathing is performed using plywood.
WOOD FLOOR TRUSS
Floor trusses provide the opportunity for shallower or deeper depths. This allows the stiffness
and strength to be designed into the floor truss creating a more solid floor.
ELEMENTS THAT MAKE A FLOOR TRUSS
Bearing: Structural support, usually a beam, wall, or post that is designed by the building
designer to carry the truss reaction loads to the foundation.
Bottom Chord: Inclined, or horizontal member that establishes the bottom of a truss, usually
carrying combined tension and bending stresses.
Floor Panel/Deck: A preassembled unit of floor joists, subflooring, finished flooring, and
sometimes ceiling below supported by walls, columns, or beams.
Overall Depth: Vertical distance between bearing and the uppermost point of the peak.
Panel Length: Horizontal distance between the centerlines of two consecutive panel points
along the top or bottom chord.
Span: Horizontal distance between outside edges of exterior bearings.
Top Chord: Inclined or horizontal member that establishes the top member of a truss.
Triangulation: The act of forming rigid triangles with objects adequately fastened together.
Web: Members that join the top and bottom chords to form the triangular patterns typical of
trusses.

PLYWOOD SUBFLOOR
The purpose of a subfloor is that it offers a structurally sound flat surface to hold up the
underlayment and finish floor. The best material for a subfloor is typically plywood for its
strength. Subflooring is indi lang always ginagamimtan plywood. It can also be made from
OSB (oriented strand board) which is sometimes preferred for its consistency and affordability.

TIMBER WALL FRAME


Lightweight cladding materials can take less time to install and requires less scaffolding than
medium and heavy-weight wall cladding such as brick veneers.
Most used cladding is the Timber cladding. Often chosen for their ability to add a classic finish,
wood coverings are great for achieving a warm and inviting appearance. And if you still dont
know, timber is a natural insulator. This means that timber framed homes stay cooler in
summer and warmer in winter, as a result, a timber framed house can save you a lot of money
on your energy bills.

SLAB ON GRADE
A slab-on-grade foundation—also known as a floating slab foundation—is a structural
engineering practice in which the concrete slab that will serve as the foundation for a building
or other structure is formed from a mold that is set into the ground.

FOUNDATION PIER
A pier foundation is a collection of large-diameter cylindrical columns to
support the superstructure and transfer large super-imposed loads to the
firm strata below. It stood several feet above the ground.

SHINGLES
In its broadest sense, 'shingle' is a catch-all term used for any roof covering
consisting of discrete overlapping elements. However, the term is often used
more specifically to refer to thin, tapered pieces of material, traditionally wood,
used as a roof and wall covering.

ROOFING FELT
this is a layer of protection installed between the roof deck and the roofing
shingles.
Is Roofing Felt Underlayment Waterproof?
Roofing felt can shed water. This property helps it provide additional water
protection, which is one reason it is an important part of a roofing system.

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