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    STAT 1770 Lab 2-2

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    ishaankakade21
    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. To find the sample mean, add up all the values and divide by the total number of values. The sum is 310 and there are 20 values, so the mean is 310/20 = 15.5 hours. 2. To find the standard deviation, first find the mean (calculated above as 15.5 hours). Then for each value, subtract the mean and square the result. Add up all the squared differences and divide by one less than the total number of values. Doing this calculation manually, the standard deviation is 6.36 hours. 3. The mode is the value that occurs most frequently. Here, the value 15 occurs 5 times, more than any

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    STAT 1770 Lab 2-2

    Uploaded by

    ishaankakade21
    12 views3 pages
    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. To find the sample mean, add up all the values and divide by the total number of values. The sum is 310 and there are 20 values, so the mean is 310/20 = 15.5 hours. 2. To find the standard deviation, first find the mean (calculated above as 15.5 hours). Then for each value, subtract the mean and square the result. Add up all the squared differences and divide by one less than the total number of values. Doing this calculation manually, the standard deviation is 6.36 hours. 3. The mode is the value that occurs most frequently. Here, the value 15 occurs 5 times, more than any

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    STAT_1770_Lab_2-2

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    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. To find the sample mean, add up all the values and divide by the total number of values. The sum is 310 and there are 20 values, so the mean is 310/20 = 15.5 hours. 2. To find the standard deviation, first find the mean (calculated above as 15.5 hours). Then for each value, subtract the mean and square the result. Add up all the squared differences and divide by one less than the total number of values. Doing this calculation manually, the standard deviation is 6.36 hours. 3. The mode is the value that occurs most frequently. Here, the value 15 occurs 5 times, more than any

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views3 pages

    STAT 1770 Lab 2-2

    Uploaded by

    ishaankakade21
    Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. To find the sample mean, add up all the values and divide by the total number of values. The sum is 310 and there are 20 values, so the mean is 310/20 = 15.5 hours. 2. To find the standard deviation, first find the mean (calculated above as 15.5 hours). Then for each value, subtract the mean and square the result. Add up all the squared differences and divide by one less than the total number of values. Doing this calculation manually, the standard deviation is 6.36 hours. 3. The mode is the value that occurs most frequently. Here, the value 15 occurs 5 times, more than any

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Lab #2

    January 22

    Submission Guidelines: Although group discussions are encouraged, each student must submit
    their work individually to Crowdmark by the end of the day.

    The concepts introduced in this tutorial will be vital for understanding future lectures and for
    completing the upcoming assignment. Make sure you are comfortable with them before moving on
    to more complex topics.

    1 Introduction to Types of Plots


    • Stem and Leaf Plot: A stem and leaf plot is a data visualization technique used to display
    quantitative data. The ’stem’ represents the leading digits, while the ’leaf’ shows the trailing
    digits.

    • Bar Plot: A bar plot represents categorical data with rectangular bars. The length of each
    bar is proportional to the count or frequency of the category it represents.

    • Pie Chart: A pie chart displays categorical data in the form of a circle divided into sectors.
    Each sector represents a category, and its size is proportional to the count or frequency of
    that category.

    • Histogram: A histogram is similar to a bar plot but is used for continuous or numeric
    data. The data is divided into bins, and the frequency or count of data points in each bin is
    represented by the height of the bar.

    • Polygon Plots: A polygon plot connects the midpoints of each bin in a histogram with
    straight lines, creating a polygon. It is often used to highlight the distribution shape of the
    data.

    2 Statistical Measures and Descriptive Statistics


    • Sample Mean: The sample mean, often denoted as x̄, is the sum of all values in a sample
    divided by the number of values in the sample.

    • Standard Deviation: The standard deviation, often denoted by σ or s, measures the amount
    of variation or dispersion in a set of values. A low standard deviation means that the values
    tend to be close to the mean, while a high standard deviation means the values are spread
    out over a wider range.

    • Mode: The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set. A data set may
    have one mode (unimodal), two modes (bimodal), or multiple modes (multimodal).

    1
    • Median: The median is the middle number in a sorted list of numbers. If the list has an odd
    number of observations, the median is the middle number. If the list has an even number of
    observations, the median is the average of the two middle numbers.

    • Percentile: The P th percentile is the value below which a given percentage (P ) of the data
    falls. For example, the 20th percentile is the value below which 20% of the data falls.

    • Q1 and Q3 (First and Third Quartiles): Q1 (25th percentile) is the middle value in the
    first half of the data set (25 percent of the data points are below that). Similarly, Q3 (75th
    percentile) is the middle value in the second half of the data set (75 percent of the data points
    are below that).

    • Suspected Outliers: Outliers are data points that are significantly different from other
    observations. They could be due to variability in the data or errors. In a box-and-whisker
    plot, outliers are usually observed as points that fall outside the ”whiskers.”

    • Box Plot: A box plot is a graphical representation of statistical data based on a five-number
    summary (minimum, first quartile (Q1 ), median, third quartile (Q3 ), and maximum). It can
    also show outliers. The box represents the interquartile range (the range between Q1 and
    Q3 ), the line inside the box is the median, and the lines or ”whiskers” extend to the smallest
    and largest observations in the data.

    2
    Question: Consider the following data set representing the number of hours studied by
    students for a final exam: 10, 12, 12, 15, 15, 15, 15, 17, 18, 20, 20, 20, 23, 23, 26, 26, 26, 27,
    27, 40.
    You are expected to follow the materials and methods taught in the lectures. You
    are not allowed to use Excel.

    1. What is the sample mean of the data set?


    2. Calculate the standard deviation of the number of hours studied by students.
    3. What is the mode of the data set?
    4. Compute the median of the data set.
    5. Determine the first and third quartiles of the data set.
    6. Find the 65th percentile of the data set.
    7. Are there any suspected outliers in this data set? If yes, which ones?
    8. Construct a box plot (sketch with hand) for the given data set.

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