Final Exam. in Advanced Curriculum Development

ASEAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION COLLEGE
FINAL EXAMINATION IN
ADVANCE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
1. Discuss the following dimensions in curriculum development

focusing on the special features of each dimension.
1.1 Philosophic-theological Dimension
The aspirations and ideals of people in any society serve as
determinants of the educational society serve as determinants
of the educational system. Education serves as the most
essential Education serves as the most essential instruments in
nation building. Instruments in nation building. It distills the
goals, direction and future of society. It distills the goals,
direction and future of society. Herein lies the importance of
showing the philosophic and theological foundation in
philosophic and theological foundation in curriculum
development. Curriculum development. It provides educators,
with a frame work for it provides educators, with a frame work
for organizing the totality of its curriculum.
1.2 Psychological Dimension
Psychological influences of curriculum can best be understood
through theories of learning. These theories of learning are
classified into three broad categories as follows: Behavioral
learning, cognitive and developmental learning and humanistic
learning theories. The basic needs of students must be satisfied
before they are ready or capable of learning. Students who are
exhausted or in ill health cannot learn much. If they are
distracted by outside responsibilities, interests, or worries.
1.3 Social Dimension
Our attitudes, values, habits, traditions, behavior are derived
from our interrelationships with one another. Our education is a
mirror of ourselves as a people. So, social dimensions of
educations, refers to those transformation or education that
takes place in a group life. The task of selecting and organizing
learning experiences in curriculum development must take into
consideration the culture of society. Society’s concept of the
function of the school determines to a great extent what kind of
curriculum schools will have.
1.4 Methodological Dimension
This section introduces a methodological framework and a set
of methods to work with narratives and storytelling to
reconstruct historical memory. The methods outlined allow for
the exploration of the ways in which people elaborate,
construct, change, and interpret the events they experienced.
That is to say, how people give meaning to the past, and how
their individual memories are intertwined with collective or group
memories. The methodology is based on a process approach,
and it covers general processes of a broad-based nature that
could be used as a jumping-off having started the design and
development of the curriculum.
1.5 Recent Dimensions in Curriculum Planning
The recent dimensions in curriculum development consist of a
number of innovations relevant to the curriculum.
These are the new ideas designed to meet the changing needs
and conditions made since the establishment of a modern
formal educational system in the Philippines in the early 1900s.
These innovations are:
Integrative method of the 1950s and the conceptual and
process approaches of today patterned after educational
policies and practices in the US.
The other innovations are results of assessment of Philippine
needs and problems such as the community school movement,
bilingualism, and the use of the vernacular as the medium of
instruction, the barrio high schools, and the work education
program.
2. Explain the following approaches to Curriculum Planning

emphasizing the highlights of each approach/model.
2.1 Traditional Approach
The traditional approach to curriculum theory is based on the
idea that the curriculum should be designed based on specific
knowledge which is important for students to learn. This
approach focuses on the development of predetermined subject
matter. This is designed to deliver this content in a structured
and systematic way. This approach often starts with the
development of objectives that define the expected outcomes of
the curriculum. These objectives are usually based on the
needs of society, the learners, and the educational institutions.
Once the objectives are identified, the curriculum developers
design the content and instructional methods that will best
achieve these objectives.
2.2 Systematic Approach
The systematic approach views the entire educational program
as a system of interrelated parts. It is an orchestrated learning
pattern with all parts harmoniously integrated into the whole: the
school, the teacher, the students, the objectives, the media, the
materials and the assessment tools and procedures. Such an
approach integrates the older, more familiar methods and tools
of instruction with the new ones such as computers.
2.3 Michaelis Model
The general goals of the curriculum should be cooperatively
developed by school personnel and lay person sand be
generally acceptable to the community, the objectives should be
defended by school personnel with assistance from experts in
areas of the curriculum, evaluation and formulation of objectives
so that they will be optimally useful in planning and appraisal
activities. The Michaelis model includes the components
generally recognized as essential to curriculum development. It
is designed for use in two ways. First, it may serve as a guide to
the development or revision of the curriculum. Second, the
model may serve as a guide for the review and analysis of the
curriculum. The model may serve as a guide for the review and
analysis of the curriculum.
2.4 Frymier-Hawn Approach

These curriculum studies involve the community, students,
organizational actors, content, and teachers. The effectiveness
question involving evaluation and corrective feedback must
replace the frequency and efficiency questions that are more
usually asked about programs, materials, and strategies.
2.5 Community Approach
The Community-Centered Curriculum is meant to reach out
beyond the classroom and into the community where the world
can be changed by students and teachers. The curriculum is
based on societal issues, and the goal of the curriculum is to
explore and solve those issues.
3. Give your comments on the implementation of the K-12 curriculum.
Cite the advantages and disadvantages of the program.
Answer:
K-12 program is a wide door open of opportunities for the students.
It helps the learner determines what kind of profession they
wanted to be in the future. It also offered many options that is
based on their intellectual intelligences unlikely to the traditional
type of curriculum. K to 12 curriculum/ program is an example of
progressive curriculum where every learner has given a chance to
developed their knowledge and skills fairly.
However, the problem of implementing the program is been rushed

by the government, but it is not the case to blame on because,
when we could say that we are already ready to start the change in
our education system.
Advantages
• An enhanced curriculum will decongest academic workload,
giving students more time to master competences and skills as
well as time for another learning opportunities beyond the
classroom, thus allowing for a more holistic development.
• Graduates will possess competences and skills relevant to the
job market. the proposal will be designed to adjust and meet fast
changing demands of society to prepare graduates with skills
essential for the world.
• Graduates will be prepared for higher education. graduates will
be prepared for higher education due to an enhanced curriculum
that will provide relevant content and attuned with the changing
needs of the times, basic education will ensure sufficient mastery
of course subjects to its graduates such that graduates may opt to
pursue higher education if they choose to.
• Graduates will be able to earn higher wages or better prepared to
start their own business. There is a strong correlation between
educational attainment and wage structure and studies specific to
the Philippines setting show that an additional year of schooling
increases by 7.5%. This should also allow greater access to higher
education for self supporting students.
• Graduates could now be recognized abroad. Filipino graduates,
e.g. engineers, architects, doctors, and etc. could now be
recognized as professionals in other countries. Those who intend
to study abroad will meet the entrance requirements for foreign
schools.
Disadvantages
• With the additional two years of education, parents will need to
provide more money (for tuition, allowances, transportation, etc.).
Middle and high class families would rather have little to no
problems at all. But majority of the Filipinos are having a hard time
in providing a budget for the primary needs of their families. This
only creates a problem for those parents who can’t afford high
tuition fees that seemingly increase year after year.
• The K-12 program might not be as effective as in the other
countries if the country is still faced with problems such as lack of
classroom, facilities, comfort rooms, and teachers who are not well
trained to adjust to K-12 curriculum.
•The ability of the government to release funds that would shoulder
all the expenses in adopting this education system is another
pressing concern.

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ASEAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION COLLEGE

1. Discuss the following dimensions in curriculum development

2. Explain the following approaches to Curriculum Planning

2.4 Frymier-Hawn Approach

However, the problem of implementing the program is been rushed

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