Using and Understanding Mathematics 6Th Edition Bennett Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Using and Understanding Mathematics 6Th Edition Bennett Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Using and Understanding Mathematics 6Th Edition Bennett Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
2) The students in Hugh Logan's math class took the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Their math scores are shown below.
Find the mean score. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
3) Last year, nine employees of an electronics company retired. Their ages at retirement are listed below. Find the
mean retirement age. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
57 64 59
53 66 58
67 51 54
A) 58.0 B) 58.8 C) 58.1 D) 57.5
Answer: B
4) The grocery expenses for six families were $43.84, $71.11, $79.58, $88.66, $72.70, and $77.99. Compute the mean
grocery bill. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
A) $74.78 B) $108.47 C) $72.31 D) $86.78
Answer: C
What was the mean amount earned by an employee last week? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
A) $360.21 B) $353.55 C) $463.13 D) $405.24
Answer: A
What was the mean commission earned? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
A) $3558.80 B) $4003.65 C) $3196.92 D) $3202.92
Answer: D
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7) Bill kept track of the number of hours he spent exercising each week. The results for four months are shown
below. Find the mean number of hours Bill spent exercising per week. Round your answer to the nearest tenth
of an hour.
8) The weights, in pounds, of twelve apples are given below. Find the mean weight. Round your answer to the
nearest thousandth of a pound.
9) The numbers below represent the amount of precipitation, in inches, on January 1st in eleven different U.S.
cities. Find the mean precipitation. Round your answer to the nearest ten-thousandth of an inch.
10) The heights of nine different mountains are shown in the table below. Find the mean height. Round your
answer to the nearest foot.
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11) The grades are given for a student for a particular semester. Use weighted means to find the grade point
average. Assume the grade point values are A = 4, B = 3, C = 2, D = 1, and F = 0. Round your answer to the
nearest tenth when necessary.
13) The salaries of ten randomly selected doctors are shown below.
15) The distances traveled (in miles) to 7 different swim meets are given below:
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16) A store manager kept track of the number of newspapers sold each week over a seven-week period. The results
are shown below.
17) The number of vehicles passing through a bank drive-up line during each 15-minute period was recorded. The
results are shown below. Find the median number of vehicles going through the line in a fifteen-minute period.
20 22 20 23
23 20 25 22
30 26 26 24
19 26 20 15
10 22 22 22
A) 22 B) 26 C) 21.85 D) 23
Answer: A
18) The weights (in ounces) of 21 cookies are shown. Find the median weight.
19) The normal monthly precipitation (in inches) for August is listed for 20 different U.S. cities. Find the median of
the data.
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23) 7.16, 7.41, 7.56, 7.16, 7.88, 7.99, 7.62
A) 7.16 B) 7.54 C) 7.56 D) 7.41
Answer: A
25) Last year, nine employees of an electronics company retired. Their ages at retirement are listed below. Find the
mode(s).
51 65 66
55 56 61
67 58 54
A) No mode B) 51, 65, 66, 55, 56, 61, 67, 58, 54
C) 59.2 D) 58
Answer: A
26) The weights (in ounces) of 14 different apples are shown below.
27) The speeds (in mi/h) of the cars passing a certain checkpoint are measured by radar. The results are shown
below.
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28) The table shows the country represented by the winner of the 10,000 meter run in the Summer Olympic Games
in various years.
Year Country
1912 Finland
1920 Finland
1924 Finland
1928 Finland
1932 Poland
1936 Finland
1948 Czechoslovakia
1952 Czechoslovakia
1956 USSR
1960 USSR
1964 United States
1968 Kenya
1972 Finland
1976 Finland
1980 Ethiopia
1984 Italy
1988 Morocco
1992 Morocco
29) The blood types for 30 people who agreed to participate in a medical study were as follows.
O A A O A AB O B A O
A O A B O O O AB A A
A B O A A O O B O O
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
State which type of average, the mean, median, or mode, would be most appropriate in the situation described. Explain
your thinking.
30) An engineer has designed an elevator and wishes to determine the maximum number of people that will be
allowed to ride in the elevator at a time. In order to do this, the engineer needs to know the average weight of
the people likely to ride in the elevator. Which type of average would be the most useful?
Answer: The mean. The mean takes into account the numerical value of all the weights and thus will allow the
engineer to estimate the total weight of a given number of people.
31) You are considering moving to a new city and would like to know the average price of a new home in that city.
Which type of average would be the most useful to you?
Answer: The median. The median gives the center of the data and is not affected by the few unusually high home
prices. The median gives a better indication of the "typical" home price than either the mean or the mode.
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32) A parcel service wants to estimate how many vans it will need. It knows how many parcels are delivered each
day, but it also needs to know the average volume of the parcels. Which average would be the most useful?
Answer: The mean. The mean takes into account the actual volume of all the parcels and thus will allow the
parcel service to estimate the total volume of a given number of parcels.
33) A shoe manufacturer wants to know in which size they should make the most shoes. Which type of average
would be the most useful?
Answer: The mode. The manufacturer needs to know the most common shoe size.
34) A state governor is planning a tax cut. A researcher calculates the average amount that will be saved by
residents of the state. Which average would best convey the amount that will be saved by most residents of the
state?
Answer: The median. Explanations will vary. Possible answer: The median gives the center of the data and is not
affected by the few unusually high salaries. The median gives a better indication of the "typical" amount
that will be saved than either the mean or the mode.
35) A state governor is planning a tax cut. The governor is to announce the average amount that people would save
if the tax cut were to take effect. If the governor wants to exaggerate the benefit of the tax cut, which average
would he quote?
Answer: The mean. The mean will affected by the few unusually high salaries and will be larger than the median.
The mean will not be representative of the amount that most people will save.
36) Before a mayoral election, a pollster tries to predict which candidate will win the most votes. Which average
does the pollster need to know?
Answer: The mode. The pollster needs to know which candidate will receive the most votes - the most common
"value" in the distribution, which is the mode.
37) The table below provides a frequency distribution for the winner of the Davis Cup during the period 1977-1994.
Winner of
Davis Cup Frequency
United States 6
Germany 3
Czechoslovakia 1
Australia 3
France 1
Sweden 4
Which measure of center, the mean, the median, or the mode is most appropriate here? Why?
Answer: The mode. The data (winning country) is qualitative. Since the data are not numerical values, it is not
possible to find the median or mean, only the most frequently occurring value (i.e. the mode).
38) Suppose that a state introduces a state income tax which will be at a flat rate of 3%. The state legislature wishes
to estimate how much money they will receive in taxes, and to do this they need to know the average income of
residents of the state. Which information would be most useful, the mean income, the median income, or the
mode of the incomes? Why?
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: The mean income would be most useful as it takes into account the
numerical value of all incomes and thus best predicts how much tax will be paid.
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39) Dave is a college student contemplating a possible career option. One factor that will influence his decision is
the amount of money he is likely to make. He decides to look up the average starting salary of graduates in that
profession. Which information would be most useful to him, the mean starting salary, the median starting
salary, or the mode of the starting salaries. Why?
Answer: The median salary would be most useful. Explanations will vary. Possible answer: The median gives the
center of the data and is not affected by the few unusually high (or low) starting salaries. The median
gives a better indication of the "typical" salary than either the mean or the mode.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
42) Number of days worked last year by adult males in a U.S. city which has a low unemployment rate
A) Right-skewed B) Left-skewed C) Symmetric
Answer: B
48) Exam scores for an exam in which most students did very well but a few students failed
A) Right-skewed B) Left-skewed C) Symmetric
Answer: B
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State how many peaks you would expect for the distribution described.
50) Heights of a group of college athletes consisting of the gymnastics team and the basketball team
A) Three B) None C) Two D) One
Answer: C
52) Voice pitch for the people in the school auditorium consisting of 6 year olds giving a concert, their mothers, and
their fathers
A) Two B) None C) Three D) One
Answer: C
53) Numbers of people with birthdays in a particular month (January through December)
A) Two B) One C) None D) Three
Answer: C
57) Speeds of everyone traveling on a country road, including cyclists and motorists
A) Two B) One C) Three D) None
Answer: A
59) Tell which of the following distributions would have the least variation.
A) 100-meter times for male college seniors B) 100-meter times for adults
C) 100-meter times for male Olympic sprinters D) 100-meter times for college seniors
Answer: C
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60) Tell which of the following distributions would have the most variation.
A) Scores on a test in which all students got a perfect score
B) Scores on a test in which half the students got a C and half failed
C) Scores on a test in which half the students got an A and half failed
D) Scores on a test in which half the students got an A and half got a B
Answer: C
61) Tell which of the following distributions would have the most variation.
A) Temperature over a one-year period in Boston.
B) Temperature over a one-year period in San Diego.
C) Temperature over a one-month period in San Diego.
D) Temperature over a one-month period in Boston.
Answer: A
62) Tell which of the following distributions would have the most variation.
A) Salaries of CEOs of U.S. corporations B) Salaries of high-school teachers
C) Salaries of bank clerks D) Salaries of waitresses
Answer: A
63) Tell which of the following distributions would have the most variation.
A) The number of hours of light per day over a one-year period in New York
B) The number of hours of light per day over a one-year period in Mexico City
C) The number of hours of light per day over a one-year period at the North Pole
D) The number of hours of light per day over a one-year period at the equator
Answer: C
64) Tell which of the following distributions would have the least variation.
A) Number of children for women in India
B) Number of children for women in Kenya
C) Number of children for women in Haiti
D) Number of children for women in Portland, Oregon
Answer: D
65) Tell which of the following distributions would have the least variation.
A) Weights of all pet cats B) Weights of all children who have a pet cat
C) Weights of all pets D) Weights of all pet dogs
Answer: A
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Select the requested distribution.
66) Which of the distributions has the greatest variation?
A)
B)
C)
Answer: A
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B)
C)
D)
Answer: B
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68) Which of the distributions is multimodal?
A)
B)
C)
Answer: B
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B)
C)
D)
Answer: B
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B)
C)
D)
Answer: A
72) Of the mean, median, and mode, which take(s) into account the numerical size of all the data values?
A) The median and mode B) The mean only
C) The mean and median D) All of them
Answer: B
73) Which quantity describes how widely data values are spread about the center of a distribution?
A) Skewness B) Number of peaks C) Variation D) Mean
Answer: C
74) Rank the mean, median, and mode in order of ascending size for a right-skewed distribution.
A) Mode, Mean, Median B) Mode, Median, Mean
C) Mean, Median, Mode D) Median, Mode, Mean
Answer: B
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75) Which of the following statements is not true for a left-skewed distribution?
A) The mode is greater than the mean B) The mode is at the peak
C) The mean is greater than the median D) The median is smaller than the mode
Answer: C
79) A data set consists of 9 values which are not all the same. Which of the following is possible?
A) The median is equal to the largest value. B) The mean is equal to the largest value.
C) The mode is equal to the largest value. D) None of the above is possible.
Answer: C
80) A data set consists of 9 values which are all different. Which of the following is possible?
A) The median is equal to the second smallest value.
B) The mean is equal to the second smallest value.
C) The mode is equal to the second smallest value.
D) None of the above is possible.
Answer: B
5 17 3 14 10
A) 5 B) 14 C) 17 D) 3
Answer: B
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82) Rich Borne is currently taking Chemistry 101. On the five laboratory assignments for the quarter, he got the
following scores.
29 36 17 43 60
A) 7 B) 17 C) 60 D) 43
Answer: D
83) The owner of a small manufacturing plant employs six people. The commute distances, in miles, for the six
employees are listed below.
84) The amount that Jeremy has saved in each of the last six months is shown below.
85) Each student in a sixth-grade class recorded the amount of time he or she had spent watching television during
a one-week period. The times (in hours) are listed below.
86) The manager of an electrical supply store measured the diameters of the rolls of wire in the inventory. The
diameters of the rolls (in m) are listed below.
0.519
0.599
0.137
0.341
0.335
0.118
A) 0.481 m B) 0.118 m C) 0.198 m D) 0.519 m
Answer: A
87) Fred, a local mechanic, gathered the following data regarding the price, in dollars, of an oil and filter change at
twelve competing service stations.
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Obtain the five-number summary for the given data.
88) The test scores of 15 students are listed below.
40 47 51 54 56
63 66 69 73 80
85 87 90 94 95
A) 40, 54, 71.0, 87, 95 B) 40, 54, 69, 87, 95
C) 40, 53.25, 71.0, 85.5, 95 D) 40, 53.25, 69, 85.5, 95
Answer: B
89) The weekly salaries (in dollars) of sixteen government workers are listed below.
90) The normal annual precipitation (in inches) is given below for 21 different U.S. cities.
91) The weights (in pounds) of 18 randomly selected adults are given below.
92) The National Education Association collects data on the number of years of teaching experience of high-school
teachers. A sample taken this year of 19 high-school teachers yielded the following data on number of years of
teaching experience.
33 13 1 21 31
8 3 12 2 23
25 1 33 28 6
18 24 22 31
A) 1, 5.25, 19.5, 25.75, 33 B) 1, 5.25, 21, 25.75, 33
C) 1, 6, 19.5, 28, 33 D) 1, 6, 21, 28, 33
Answer: D
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Construct a boxplot as requested.
93) The weights (in pounds) of 30 newborn babies are listed below. Construct a boxplot for the data set.
5.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6
6.7 6.7 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.2
7.4 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.3 8.7
A) B)
C) D)
Answer: D
94) The test scores of 32 students are listed below. Construct a boxplot for the data set.
32 37 41 44 46 48 53 55
57 57 59 63 65 66 68 69
70 71 74 74 75 77 78 79
81 82 83 86 89 92 95 99
A) B)
C) D)
Answer: C
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95) The test scores of 40 students are listed below. Construct a boxplot for the data set.
25 35 43 44 47 48 54 55 56 57
59 62 63 65 66 68 69 69 71 72
72 73 74 76 77 77 78 79 80 81
81 82 83 85 89 92 93 94 97 98
A) B)
C) D)
Answer: D
96) The weekly salaries (in dollars) of 24 randomly selected employees of a company are shown below. Construct a
boxplot for the data set.
C) D)
Answer: D
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97) The highest temperatures ever recorded (in °F) in 32 different U.S. states are shown below. Construct a boxplot
for the data set.
C) D)
Answer: D
98) The normal monthly precipitation (in inches) for August is listed for 20 different U.S. cities. Construct a boxplot
for the data set.
C) D)
Answer: C
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99) Here are the ages of the male and female employees at First River Bank. Draw a box plot for each of the two
data sets.
C) D)
Answer: C
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100) Here are the heights of the male and female employees at First City Bank. Draw a double box plot for each of
the two data sets.
C) D)
Answer: C
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Which distribution has the smallest median? Which has the greatest variation? Which is skewed to the left?
Answer: Distribution C has the smallest median. Distribution D has the greatest variation. Distribution C is
skewed to the left.
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102) Draw one boxplot to illustrate bell-shaped data, another for uniform data, and a third for skewed data. Which
of these shapes matches the boxplot for the first 100 digits of π? (Below is the frequency table for the first 100
digits of π.)
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
f 8 8 12 11 10 8 9 8 12 14
Answer: Check students' drawings. The boxplot for a skewed distribution has a long whisker on one side. The
boxplots for uniform and bell-shaped distributions are symmetric but for a bell-shaped distribution, the
whiskers are long relative to the width of the box. The distribution of the given frequency table is roughly
uniform.
103) In the Florida lottery, the numbers (between 1 and 49) are generated randomly with the expectation that each
number has an equal chance of winning. Draw a boxplot which should illustrate the data set of all numbers
picked for the lottery during the past year.
Answer: Check students' drawings. Students should draw a boxplot for a uniform distribution (a symmetric
boxplot with the length of each whisker roughly equal to half the width of the box).
104) Boxplots are graphs that are useful for revealing central tendency, the spread of the data, the distribution of the
data and the presence of outliers. Draw an example of a box plot and comment on each of these characteristics
as shown by your boxplot.
Answer: Answers will vary.
105) Describe any similarities or differences in the two distributions represented by the boxplots below. Assume the
two boxplots have the same scale.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: The distribution represented by the first boxplot is symmetric, while
the distribution represented by the second boxplot is skewed to the right.
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106) Discuss the differences between the distributions represented by the two boxplots below. Explain your
reasoning.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: The first boxplot represents a bell-shaped distribution since it is
symmetrical and has long whiskers relative to the width of the box (indicating that observations close to
the mean are more common than those far from the mean).
The second boxplot represents a left-skewed distribution, since the whisker to the left is relatively long.
107) A population consists of 100 professional gymnasts and 100 professional basketball players. For this group, the
average height is 70 inches. However, most of the gymnasts are between 57 and 61 inches tall while most of the
basketball players are between 78 and 82 inches tall. For this group, observations far from the mean are more
common than observations close to the mean. Describe what a boxplot for the heights of this group would look
like. Discuss, in particular, the lengths of the whiskers relative to the width of the box and explain your
reasoning.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: For this data, the whiskers will be very short relative to the width of
the box since the first and third quartiles will be far apart.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Find the standard deviation for the given data. Round your answer to one more decimal place than the original data.
108) 3, 5, 6, 6, 9, 1
A) 2.8 B) 7.6 C) 5.4 D) 2.5
Answer: A
111) 40 20 37 20 17 49 72
A) 9289.3 B) 19.8 C) 11,643 D) 37
Answer: B
112) 290, 201, 130, 283, 135, 124, 147, 156, 270
A) 69.9 B) 24.1 C) 74.7 D) 65.9
Answer: A
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113) 20.9, 10.2, 26.2, 48.8, 20.0, 24.9
A) 3800.2 B) 37.5 C) 4628.7 D) 12.87
Answer: D
114) The numbers below represent the test scores of nine students.
46, 81, 54, 53, 27, 41, 67, 33, 89
Find the standard deviation.
A) 21.0 B) 6.8 C) 22.4 D) 19.8
Answer: A
115) The manager of an electrical supply store measured the diameters of the rolls of wire in the inventory. The
diameters of the rolls (in m) are listed below. Compute the standard deviation.
0.45 0.558 0.644 0.145 0.627 0.268 0.294
A) 1.5010 m B) 0.1946 m C) 0.145 m D) 1.2737 m
Answer: B
116) The numbers listed below represent the amount of precipitation (in inches) last year in six different U.S. cities.
10.4 12.0 31.6 30.2 12.6 22.2
Compute the standard deviation s.
A) 9.53 in. B) 30.9 in. C) 2360.2 in. D) 2814.4 in.
Answer: A
117) The numbers listed below represent the amount of money that Tom has saved in each of the last 8 months.
$278 $441 $244 $384 $337 $348 $362 $207
Compute the standard deviation.
A) $77.2 B) $887,323.0 C) $845,650.1 D) $272.0
Answer: A
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123) The heights in feet of people who work in an office are as follows. Round results to the nearest tenth.
5.9 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.9 5.5 5.6 6.2 5.8 5.5
A) 0.5 B) 0.1 C) 0.2 D) 1.2
Answer: C
124) The race speeds for the top eight cars in a 200-mile race are listed below. Round results to the nearest tenth.
182.4 178.3 189.2 183.5 175.6 187.6 181.7 185.7
A) 1.1 B) 6.8 C) 3.4 D) 7.5
Answer: C
125) The following is a set of data showing the water temperature in a heated tub at different time intervals. Round
results to the nearest tenth.
114.6 115.8 116.7 113.5 113.4 114.6 112.9 115.2
A) -55.9 B) 0.8 C) 1.3 D) 1.0
Answer: D
126) The maximum value of a distribution is 18.1 and the minimum value is 5.5. Round results to the nearest tenth.
A) 14.2 B) 8.2 C) 3.2 D) 0.2
Answer: C
127) A distribution of data has a maximum value of 78, a median value of 51, and a minimum of 24. Round results
to the nearest tenth.
A) 10.8 B) 27.0 C) 7.2 D) 13.5
Answer: D
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
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129) You are late for work. You have two options for getting to work. You may take the bus which takes on average
40 minutes with a standard deviation of 12 minutes. Or you can cycle which takes on average 50 minutes with
a standard deviation of 2 minutes. Compare these two distributions.
You leave your house at 8.20 am and are supposed to start work at 9.00 am.
Which option would you choose if you will be fired if you are even a few minutes late?
Which option would you choose if you know that up to 15 minutes late is OK but after that there is trouble?
Explain your thinking.
Answer: Taking the bus is faster on average but there is more variation in the times. Cycling takes longer on
average but there is less variation in the times.
Possibility one - you will be fired if you are even a few minutes late.
You should take the bus. If you cycle you will definitely be a little late. If you take the bus you could be
on time or could be very late but you at least have a chance of being on time.
Possibility two: you will be OK if you are not more than 15 minutes late:
You should cycle. If you cycle you will almost certainly be there by 9.15 am. If you take the bus there is a
chance you will be more than fifteen minutes late.
130) A company advertises an average of 42,000 miles for one of its new tires. In the manufacturing process there is
some variation around that average. Would the company want a process that provides a large or a small
standard deviation? Justify your answer.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: A small standard deviation would be preferable as this would
indicate that the lifetimes of the tires do not vary too widely around the mean.
131) Marcella is nearing retirement age and has some money to invest. She is deciding between Fund A which in the
past has grown by a mean of 7% per year with a standard deviation of 2% and Fund B which has grown by a
mean of 10% with a standard deviation of 6%. Which fund should she choose? Explain your thinking.
Answer: Fund A would be less risky. Fund B has a higher mean return but also a higher standard deviation
indicating that there is more variation in its returns. Since Marcella is nearing retirement age, this is
probably a short-term investment. Marcella won't have time to ride out the fluctuations and will not
have much flexibility about when to withdraw her money. Of course she may be lucky with Fund B but if
she wants more security, she should choose Fund A.
132) You are the coach of a basketball team. Player A's mean score per game over the last season has been 24 with a
standard deviation of 2. Player B's mean score per game over the last season has been 23 with a standard
deviation of 6. Contrast the performance of the two players. Which player would be your choice to play in a
game in which you all you need is a medium performance to win? Which player would be your choice to play
in a game in which your team needs an exceptional performance in order to win?
Answer: Player A has been playing more consistently, with little variation from game to game. Player B has
almost the same mean score per game as player A but a higher standard deviation. This means that there
is more variation in his score per game, sometimes his score is very high, sometimes quite low
If only a medium performance is needed, player A should be chosen as player A rarely has a poor game.
If an exceptional performance is needed, player B should be chosen as he is more likely to have an
exceptional game than player A
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133) The range and standard deviation of the data set below are 35 and 12.47 respectively.
If the 26 is replaced with 39, how will this affect the range? How will this affect the standard deviation. Use
your answers to explain why the standard deviation is preferable to the range as a measure of variation.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: The range will be unaffected, while the standard deviation will
increase. The standard deviation is preferable as it takes into account the numerical value of all
observations while the range depends only on the smallest and largest observations and disregards other
observations.
134) Do you think it is possible to find two data sets such that the first data set has a smaller range but a larger
standard deviation than the second set? If so, give an example of two such data sets. If it is not possible, explain
why not.
Answer: It is possible to find two such data sets. Examples will vary.
135) In essence, the standard deviation indicates how far, on average, the observations are from the mean. Do you
think that for the data set below the standard deviation will give a good indication of the typical deviation from
the mean?
2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 100
136) Can the sample variance ever be a negative number? If so, for what types of data? If not, why not? Can the
sample variance ever be zero? If so, for what types of data? If not, why not? Explain your reasoning.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer: The variance can never be a negative number since it is a sum of
squared terms each of which must be positive or zero. It can be zero only if all observations are identical,
in which case all deviations from the mean will be zero.
137) How does Q3 - Q2 compare to Q2 - Q1 for a distribution which is skewed to the right? for a distribution which
is skewed to the left? for a uniform distribution? (The three quartiles of a data set from smallest to largest are
denoted Q1 , Q2, Q3 ).
Answer: For a distribution which is skewed to the right, Q3 - Q2 is greater than Q2 - Q1 .
For a distribution which is skewed to the left, Q3 - Q2 is smaller than Q2 - Q1 .
For a uniform distribution, Q3 - Q2 is equal to Q2 - Q1 .
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
139)
140)
30
141)
142)
State whether you would expect the data set to be normally distributed.
143) The amount of property taxes paid by homeowners
A) Not normal B) Normal
Answer: A
146) The amount of coffee which a filling machine puts into "4 ounce jars"
A) Normal B) Not normal
Answer: A
148) Scores on a test in which most students have near perfect scores and a few fail.
A) Normal B) Not normal
Answer: B
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149) Amount of credit card debt of families in the U.S.
A) Not normal B) Normal
Answer: A
150) Times for able bodied female college students to run 400 meters.
A) Normal B) Not normal
Answer: A
154) For adults in the town of Bridgeport, systolic blood pressure is normally distributed with a mean of 130 mmHg
and a standard deviation of 11 mmHg. What percentage of adults in the town have a systolic blood pressure
less than 97 mmHg?
A) 99.7% B) 0.3% C) 99.85% D) 0.15%
Answer: D
155) For women at Hartford College, times to run 400 meters are normally distributed with a mean of 82 seconds
and a standard deviation of 5 seconds. What percentage of the times are more than 67 seconds?
A) 99.7% B) 0.15% C) 0.3% D) 99.85%
Answer: D
156) Scores on a test are normally distributed with a mean of 101 and a standard deviation of 20. What percentage of
scores are greater than 161?
A) 0.3% B) 99.7% C) 0.15% D) 99.85%
Answer: C
157) At one college, GPA's are normally distributed with a mean of 3 and a standard deviation of 0.6. What
percentage of students at the college have a GPA between 2.4 and 3.6?
A) 68% B) 84% C) 99.7% D) 95%
Answer: A
158) The amount of Jen's monthly phone bill is normally distributed with a mean of $70 and a standard deviation of
$9. What percentage of her phone bills are between $43 and $97?
A) 99.7% B) 99.9% C) 95% D) 68%
Answer: A
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159) The amount of Jen's monthly phone bill is normally distributed with a mean of $61 and a standard deviation of
$12. Fill in the blanks.
160) The annual precipitation for one city is normally distributed with a mean of 27.5 inches and a standard
deviation of 3.2 inches. Fill in the blanks.
In 99.7% of the years, the precipitation in this city is between ___ and ___ inches.
A) 17.9, 37.1 B) 21.1, 27.5 C) 21.1, 33.9 D) 27.5, 37.1
Answer: A
161) Assume that a distribution has a mean of 28 and a standard deviation of 7. What percentage of the values in the
distribution do we expect to fall between 21 and 28?
A) 34% B) 17% C) 68% D) 25%
Answer: A
162) Assume that a distribution has a mean of 26 and a standard deviation of 7. What percentage of the values in the
distribution do we expect to fall between 26 and 40?
A) 47.5% B) 25% C) 95% D) 5%
Answer: A
164) Scores on a test are normally distributed with a mean of 86 and a standard deviation of 3. What is the exam
score corresponding to a standard score of -0.95?
A) 85.68 B) 88.85 C) 83.15 D) None of the above
Answer: C
For the given data value, find the standard score and the percentile.
165) A data value 0.6 standard deviations above the mean.
A) z = 0.6; percentile = 72.57 B) z = 0.06; percentile = 51.99
C) z = -0.6; percentile = 27.43 D) z = 0.6; percentile = 2.5
Answer: A
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168) A data value 0.9 standard deviations below the mean.
A) z = -0.09; percentile = 46.02 B) z = 0.9; percentile = 81.59
C) z = -0.9; percentile = 81.59 D) z = -0.9; percentile = 18.41
Answer: D
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179) Assume that math SAT scores are normally distributed with a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 100. A
score of 560 represents what percentile? Round the percentile to the nearest tenth.
A) 68.8 B) 66.7 C) 70.1 D) 72.6
Answer: D
180) Scores on a test are normally distributed with a mean of 72 and a standard deviation of 5. What is the percentile
for an exam score of 84? Round the percentile to the nearest tenth.
A) 99.4 B) 2.4 C) 99.2 D) 2
Answer: C
181) Weights of adult females in a certain country are normally distributed with a mean of 137 lb and a standard
deviation of 15 lb. A weight of 158 lb represents what percentile? Round the percentile to the nearest tenth.
A) 1.4 B) 2.2 C) 91.9 D) 93.3
Answer: C
182) The diameters of bolts produced by a certain machine are normally distributed with a mean of 0.30 inches and a
standard deviation of 0.01 inches. What percentage of bolts will have a diameter greater than 0.32 inches?
A) 47.72% B) 2.28% C) 97.72% D) 37.45%
Answer: B
183) The monthly incomes of trainees at a local factory are normally distributed with a mean of $1600 and a standard
deviation $150. What percentage of trainees earn less than $1390 a month?
A) 91.92% B) 44.04% C) 1.40% D) 8.08%
Answer: D
184) The volumes of soda in quart soda bottles are normally distributed with a mean of 32.3 oz and a standard
deviation of 1.2 oz. What percentage of bottles contain less than 32 oz of soda?
A) 0.25% B) 59.87% C) 38.21% D) 40.13%
Answer: D
185) Suppose that the mean salary in a particular profession is $45,000 with a standard deviation of $2,000. What
percentage of people in that profession earn less than $48,000?
A) 55.96% B) 1.50% C) 6.68% D) 93.32%
Answer: D
186) Assume that math SAT scores are normally distributed with a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 100. If
you scored 560, what percentage of those taking the test scored below you?
A) 0.60% B) 72.57% C) 27.43% D) 51.99%
Answer: B
187) In a certain country, weights of women are normally distributed with a mean of 138 lb and a standard deviation
of 15 lb. What percentage of women in that country weigh more than 120 lb?
A) 88.49% B) 53.98% C) 11.51% D) 1.20%
Answer: A
188) Scores on a test are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 9. The
teacher wants to give A's to the top 10% of students. What is the bottom cutoff for an A grade? Round your
answer to the nearest whole number.
A) 80 B) 79 C) 82 D) 90
Answer: C
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189) Scores on a test are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 9. The
teacher wants to give A's to the top 10% of students and B's to the next 23%. What is the bottom cutoff for a B
grade? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
A) 76 B) 71 C) 74 D) 66
Answer: C
190) Scores on a test are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 9. The
teacher wants to give A's to the top 10% of students, B's to the next 25%, and C's to the next 42%. What is the
bottom cutoff for a C grade? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
A) 77 B) 68 C) 63 D) 65
Answer: C
191) Scores on a test are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 9. The
teacher wants to give A's to the top 10% of students, B's to the next 25%, C's to the next 40%, D's to the next 16%,
and F's to the bottom 9%. What is the bottom cutoff for a D grade? Round your answer to the nearest whole
number.
A) 56 B) 65 C) 62 D) 58
Answer: D
a. The area under the standard normal curve to the left of -3 is zero.
b. The area under the standard normal curve between any two z-scores is greater than zero.
c. The area under the standard normal curve between two z-scores will be negative if both z-scores are
negative.
d. The area under the standard normal curve to the left of any z-score is less than 1.
A) a, c B) b, d C) a D) a, b
Answer: B
193) Which of the following statements concerning areas under the standard normal curve is/are true?
194) The area under the standard normal curve between 1 and 2 is equal to 0.1359. Scores on a particular aptitude
test are normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 10. Which of the following are
equal to 13.59%?
A) d B) a, b C) b, c D) b E) a
Answer: C
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195) A variable is normally distributed with a mean of 100. Which of the following is the largest?
A) The percentage of observations between 90 and 100
B) The percentage of observations between 100 and 110
C) The percentage of observations between 95 and 105
D) The percentage of observations between 80 and 90
Answer: C
196) Heights of gymnasts at a certain college are normally distributed. Which of the following are the most plausible
values for the mean and standard deviation?
A) Mean = 60 in., standard deviation = 0.5 in. B) Mean = 60 in., standard deviation = -1 in.
C) Mean = 61 in., standard deviation = 6.2 in. D) Mean = 61 in., standard deviation = 2.1 in.
Answer: D
197) For women at Durham College, times to run the 400 meters are normally distributed. Which of the following
are the most plausible values for the mean and standard deviation?
A) Mean = 77 sec, standard deviation = 20 sec B) Mean = 77 sec, standard deviation = 16 sec
C) Mean = 77 sec, standard deviation = 9.1 sec D) Mean = 77 sec, standard deviation = 2.1 sec
Answer: C
198) Weights of adults in a certain age group are normally distributed. Which of the following are plausible values
for the mean and standard deviation?
A) Mean = 160 lb, standard deviation = 25 lb B) Mean = 158 lb, standard deviation = 5 lb
C) Mean = 155 lb, standard deviation = -20 lb D) Mean = 155 lb, standard deviation = 12 lb
Answer: A
199) Scores on a test are normally distributed. Which of the following statements is (are) plausible?
A: Daniel had a standard score of 1.9 and got an A
B: Jon had a standard score of 0.7 and got a D
C: Eric had a standard score of -1.6 and got a B
D: Raul had a standard score of 0 and got a C
A) A and D B) A and B C) B and C D) C and D E) A only
Answer: A
200) Scores on a test are normally distributed. Which of the following statements is (are) plausible?
A: Margo's score was in the 90th percentile and she got a C
B: Helena's score was in the 40th percentile and she got an A
C: Monica's score was in the 5th percentile and she failed
D: Gale's score was in the 70th percentile and she got a D
A) C only B) A and B C) D only D) C and D E) B and C
Answer: A
State whether you think the difference between what occurred and what you would expect by chance is statistically
significant.
201) In 50 rolls of a die, you got 40 sixes.
A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
Answer: B
202) You draw a card at random from a deck of cards and replace it. You repeat this 100 times and get an ace 40
times.
A) Statistically significant B) Not statistically significant
Answer: A
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203) You draw a card at random from a deck of cards and replace it. You repeat this 60 times and get a heart 13
times.
A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
Answer: A
204) There are two candidates for mayor, Maria Hernandez, and Eric Wong. Of 100 people polled, 53 say they will
vote for Maria Hernandez.
A) Statistically significant B) Not statistically significant
Answer: B
205) Of the people taking the medication, 38 out of 100 noticed improvement in their arthritis. Of the people taking
the placebo, 35 out of 100 noticed improvement in their arthritis.
A) Statistically significant B) Not statistically significant
Answer: B
206) In nine out of the last ten years, the stock market has gone up.
A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
Answer: B
207) In eighteen of the last twenty years the annual precipitation in a certain region has been less than in the
previous year.
A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
Answer: B
209) At Linden High School there are math tests at the end of each three-month session. On all of the last 10 days
when there was a math test at school, Brian got a cold and had to stay home. He didn't have colds at other times.
A) Not statistically significant B) Statistically significant
Answer: B
211) In a poll of 433 adults, 46% said that they favored the proposed environmental laws.
Give your answer as a decimal to three decimal places.
A) 0.048 B) 0.024 C) 0.002 D) 0.096
Answer: A
212) During the questioning of 82 potential jury members, 33% said that they had already formed an opinion as to
the guilt of the defendant.
Give your answer as a percentage to one decimal place.
A) 22.1% B) 1.2% C) 11.0% D) 5.5%
Answer: C
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213) In a survey of 602 employees of a large company, 25% said that they had high job satisfaction.
Give your answer as a decimal to three decimal places.
A) 0.082 B) 0.002 C) 0.041 D) 0.020
Answer: C
214) In a poll of 1093 college students, 19% said that they had cheated at least once on an exam.
Give your answer as a percentage to one decimal place.
A) 6.0% B) 0.1% C) 3.0% D) 1.5%
Answer: C
215) In a poll of 1534 adults, 35% said that they exercised regularly.
Give your answer as a percentage to one decimal place.
A) 0.1% B) 2.6% C) 1.3% D) 5.1%
Answer: B
217) In a survey of 415 adults, 59% said that they favored the proposed environmental laws.
A) 58.8% to 59.2% B) 56.5% to 61.5% C) 54.1% to 63.9% D) 59% to 63.9%
Answer: C
218) During the questioning of 78 potential jury members, 37% said that they had already formed an opinion as to
the guilt of the defendant.
A) 35.7% to 38.3% B) 25.7% to 48.3% C) 36.9% to 37.1% D) 31.3% to 42.7%
Answer: B
219) In a survey of 765 employees of a large company, 32% said that they had high job satisfaction.
A) 28.4% to 35.6% B) 32% to 35.6% C) 30.2% to 33.8% D) 31.9% to 32.1%
Answer: A
220) In a poll of 1082 college students, 19% said that they had cheated at least once on an exam.
A) 17.5% to 20.5% B) 12.9% to 25.1% C) 16.0% to 22.0% D) 18.9% to 19.1%
Answer: C
221) In a poll of 1810 adults, 33% said that they exercised regularly.
A) 32.9% to 33.1% B) 30.6% to 35.4% C) 28.3% to 37.7% D) 31.8% to 34.2%
Answer: B
222) In a random sample of 250 births at one hospital, 34% were by Caesarean section.
A) 33.9% to 34.1% B) 33.6% to 34.4% C) 30.8% to 37.2% D) 27.7% to 40.3%
Answer: D
223) In a survey of 257 female employees of a large company, 21% said that they had experienced some form of
sexual harassment while working for the company.
A) 8.5% to 33.5% B) 20.9% to 21.1% C) 14.8% to 27.2% D) 20.6% to 21.4%
Answer: C
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A hypothesis test is to be performed. State the null and alternative hypotheses.
224) A consumer advocacy group believes that the mean volume of juice in a company's 16-ounce juice bottles is
actually less than 16 ounces.
A) Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces
Alternative hypothesis: mean volume ≤ 16 ounces
B) Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces
Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces
C) Null hypothesis: mean volume > 16 ounces
Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces
D) Null hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces
Alternative hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces
Answer: B
225) At one school, the average amount of time that tenth-graders spend watching television each week is
21.6 hours. The principal introduces a campaign to encourage the students to watch less television. One year
later, the principal wants to perform a hypothesis test to determine whether the average amount of time spent
watching television per week has decreased.
A) Null hypothesis: mean time = 21.6 hours B) Null hypothesis: mean time > 21.6 hours
Alternative hypothesis: mean time 21.6 hours
≤ Alternative hypothesis: mean time < 21.6 hours
C) Null hypothesis: mean time = 21.6 hours D) Null hypothesis: mean time < 21.6 hours
Alternative hypothesis: mean time < 21.6 hours Alternative hypothesis: mean time = 21.6 hours
Answer: C
226) A health insurer has determined that the "reasonable and customary" fee for a certain medical procedure is
$1200. They suspect that the average fee charged by one particular clinic for this procedure is higher than $1200.
The insurer wants to perform a hypothesis test to determine whether their suspicion is correct.
A) Null hypothesis: mean fee = $1200 B) Null hypothesis: mean fee < $1200
Alternative hypothesis: mean fee ≥ $1200 Alternative hypothesis: mean fee > $1200
C) Null hypothesis: mean fee > $1200 D) Null hypothesis: mean fee = $1200
Alternative hypothesis: mean fee = $1200 Alternative hypothesis: mean fee > $1200
Answer: D
227) Carter Motor Company claims that its new sedan, the Libra, will average better than 25 miles per gallon, which
is the gas mileage of its competitor.
A) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage < 23 mpg
Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg
B) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg
Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg
C) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg
Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage ≥ 23 mpg
D) Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg
Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg
Answer: D
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228) A consumer group believes that the proportion of defects among computers produced by one manufacturer is
greater than the 2% claimed by the company.
A) Null hypothesis: proportion of defectives > 2%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of defectives = 2%
B) Null hypothesis: proportion of defectives < 2%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of defectives > 2%
C) Null hypothesis: proportion of defectives = 2%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of defectives > 2%
D) Null hypothesis: proportion of defectives = 2%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of defectives ≥ 2%
Answer: C
229) Last month the mean waiting time at a bank was 8.4 minutes. The manager has installed a new computer
system and claims that people will no longer have to wait as long.
A) Null hypothesis: mean waiting time < 8.4 minutes
Alternative hypothesis: mean waiting time = 8.4 minutes
B) Null hypothesis: mean waiting time = 8.4 minutes
Alternative hypothesis: mean waiting time ≤ 8.4 minutes
C) Null hypothesis: mean waiting time = 8.4 minutes
Alternative hypothesis: mean waiting time < 8.4 minutes
D) Null hypothesis: mean waiting time > 8.4 minutes
Alternative hypothesis: mean waiting time < 8.4 minutes
Answer: C
230) The governor of a state claims that since his tax cuts have taken effect, the unemployment rate has dropped.
The unemployment rate in the state had been 6.3% prior to the tax cuts.
A) Null hypothesis: unemployment rate = 6.3%
Alternative hypothesis: unemployment rate < 6.3%
B) Null hypothesis: unemployment rate < 6.3%
Alternative hypothesis: unemployment rate = 6.3%
C) Null hypothesis: unemployment rate > 6.3%
Alternative hypothesis: unemployment rate < 6.3%
D) Null hypothesis: unemployment rate = 6.3%
Alternative hypothesis: unemployment rate ≤ 6.3%
Answer: A
231) During one flu epidemic the proportion of adults nationwide who have come down with the flu is 8%. The
manufacturer of a flu vaccine claims that those who have been vaccinated are less likely to catch the flu.
A) Null hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu > 8%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu < 8%
B) Null hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu = 8%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu ≤ 8%
C) Null hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu = 8%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu < 8%
D) Null hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu < 8%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu = 8%
Answer: C
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232) An environmental group believes that the health of the residents of Castletown is adversely affected by the oil
refinery in their town. It believes that in Castletown, the proportion of children who suffer from asthma is
higher than the nationwide proportion of 9.1%.
A) Null hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma > 9.1%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma = 9.1%
B) Null hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma = 9.1%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma > 9.1%
C) Null hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma = 9.1%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma ≥ 9.1%
D) Null hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma < 9.1%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma > 9.1%
Answer: B
233) In a clinical study of an arthritis medication, 28% of those taking the placebo reported improvement. The
manufacturer of the medication claims that among those taking the medication, the proportion reporting
improvement will be higher than this.
A) Null hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement < 28%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement > 28%
B) Null hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement > 28%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement = 28%
C) Null hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement = 28%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement > 28%
D) Null hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement = 28%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion reporting improvement ≥ 28%
Answer: C
A hypothesis test is to be performed. Describe the two possible outcomes of the test using the context of the given
situation.
234) A consumer advocacy group believes that the mean volume of juice in a company's 16-ounce juice bottles is
actually less than 16 ounces.
The hypotheses are as follows:
Null hypothesis: mean volume = 16 ounces
Alternative hypothesis: mean volume < 16 ounces
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean volume is equal to 16
ounces.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean volume
is less than 16 ounces.
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is less than 16 ounces.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean volume
is equal to 16 ounces.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean volume is not equal to 16 ounces.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean volume is equal to 16
ounces.
Answer: B
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235) A health insurer has determined that the "reasonable and customary" fee for a certain medical procedure is
$1200. They suspect that the average fee charged by one particular clinic for this procedure is higher than $1200.
The insurer wants to perform a hypothesis test to determine whether their suspicion is correct.
The hypothesis tests are as follows:
Null hypothesis: mean fee = $1200
Alternative hypothesis: mean fee > $1200
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is not equal to $1200.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is
greater than $1200.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is
greater than $1200.
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean fee is equal to $1200.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean fee is greater than $1200.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean fee is
equal to $1200.
Answer: B
236) Carter Motor Company claims that its new sedan, the Libra, will average better than 22 miles per gallon, which
is the gas mileage of its competitor.
The hypotheses are as follows:
Null hypothesis: mean gas mileage = 23 mpg
Alternative hypothesis: mean gas mileage > 23 mpg
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean gas mileage is not equal to 23 mpg.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean gas
mileage is greater than 23 mpg.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean gas mileage is greater than 23 mpg.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean gas
mileage is equal to 23 mpg.
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean gas mileage is greater than 23 mpg.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean gas mileage is equal to
23 mpg.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean gas mileage is greater than 23 mpg.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean gas
mileage is greater than 23 mpg.
Answer: D
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237) Last month the average waiting time at a bank was 8.4 minutes. The manager has installed a new computer
system and claims that people will no longer have to wait as long.
The hypotheses are as follows:
Null hypothesis: average waiting time = 8.4 minutes
Alternative hypothesis: average waiting time < 8.4 minutes
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean waiting time is not equal to 8.4
minutes.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean waiting
time is less than 8.4 minutes.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean waiting time is less than 8.4 minutes.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean waiting time is equal to
8.4 minutes.
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence that the mean waiting time is equal to
8.4 minutes.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the mean waiting time is equal to
8.4 minutes.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the mean waiting time is less than 8.4 minutes.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the mean waiting
time is less than 8.4 minutes.
Answer: D
238) The governor of a state claims that since his tax cuts have taken effect, the unemployment rate has dropped.
The unemployment rate in the state had been 6.3% prior to the tax cuts.
The hypotheses are as follows:
Null hypothesis: unemployment rate = 6.3%
Alternative hypothesis: unemployment rate < 6.3%
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the unemployment rate is less than 6.3%.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the
unemployment rate is less than 6.3%.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the unemployment rate is less than 6.3%.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the unemployment rate is equal to
6.3%.
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the unemployment rate is not equal to 6.3%.
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the unemployment rate is equal to
6.3%.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence that the unemployment rate is equal to
6.3%.
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the
unemployment rate is equal to 6.3%.
Answer: A
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239) During one flu epidemic the proportion of adults nationwide who have come down with the flu is 8%. The
manufacturer of a flu vaccine claims that those who have been vaccinated are less likely to catch the flu.
The hypotheses are as follows:
Null hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu = 8%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of those vaccinated catching the flu < 8%
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the proportion of those vaccinated catching the
flu is not equal to 8%
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of
those vaccinated catching the flu is equal to 8%.
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence that the proportion of those vaccinated
catching the flu is equal to 8%
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the proportion of those vaccinated
catching the flu is equal to 8%.
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the proportion of those vaccinated catching the
flu is less than 8%
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of
those vaccinated catching the flu is less than 8%.
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the proportion of those vaccinated catching the
flu is less than 8%
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the proportion of those vaccinated
catching the flu is equal to 8%.
Answer: C
240) An environmental group believes that the health of the residents of Castletown is adversely affected by the oil
refinery in their town. It believes that in Castletown, the proportion of children who suffer from asthma is
higher than the nationwide proportion of 9.1%.
The hypotheses are as follows:
Null hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma = 9.1%
Alternative hypothesis: proportion of Castletown children with asthma > 9.1%
A) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the proportion of Castletown children with
asthma is greater than 9.1%
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of
Castletown children with asthma is greater than 9.1%
B) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the proportion of Castletown children with
asthma is greater than 9.1%
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the proportion of Castletown
children with asthma is equal to 9.1%
C) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is evidence that the proportion of Castletown children with
asthma is not equal to 9.1%
Accepting the null hypothesis means there is evidence to conclude that the proportion of Castletown
children with asthma is equal to 9.1%
D) Rejecting the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence that the proportion of Castletown
children with asthma is equal to 9.1%
Failing to reject the null hypothesis means there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of
Castletown children with asthma is greater than 9.1%
Answer: A
45
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karsaalla silmällä suomalaisia, jotka uutis-asukkaina eli
»kolonisteina», niinkuin niitä nimitetään, perustawat kyliä kylien
perästä Murmannilaiselle rannikolle; tekewät kaikenkaltaista kiusaa
suomalaisille estääkseen heitä waurastumasta; leikkelewät weneen
köydet poikki, jos joku suomalainen tulee heidän satamaansa kaloja
myömään; nakkelemat kiwiä saitaparwiin, jos näkewät suomalaisten
sitä nuottansa päälle odottawan, mainitsemattakaan pieniä
löylytyksiä ja selkäsaunoja, jotka siellä niinkuin muuallakin
maksetaan, jos jaksetaan, samassa rahassa. Kuuluu joku
suomalainen näistä tehneen suullisen walituksen kuwernöörillekin ja
siihen saaneen tuon wiisaan wastauksen: »antakaa takaisin»; se on
tietty: kuka aawalla merellä pystyy polisinwirkaa toimittamaan, ja se
wenäläinen wahti-jahti, joka sitä warten on rakennettu, oleilee
Wuoreijassa, eikä näy kuin ihmeeksi kalastus-wesillä. Maat, meret
owat keisarin; ja kun suomalaiset pitäwät itseään yhtä hywinä
keisarin alamaisina kuin wenäläisetkin, eiwätkä luowu oikeuksistaan,
niin siitä syntyy riita. Mutta olisiwat suomalaiset jo aikaa näiltä
rannoilta muuttaneet pois, ellei Korkea Esiwalta olisi ruwennut heitä
semmoisella huolenpidolla auttamaan, jota ei kyllin saata kiittää.
Korkeilta wirkamiehiltä on sangen usein tullut kowia kieltoja alhaisille
wirkamiehille ja wenäläisille kalastajille, ettei harwalukuisia
suomalaisia saa polkea. Hallitus on myös luwannut 200 ruplaa sille,
jota hankkii itselleen oman kalaweneen, waikka tätä rakennusapua
ei ole saaneet ulos räntteriasta useammat, kuin pari kolme
suomalaista, jotka owat olleet wähä (niinkuin sanotaan)
herrasmiehiä. Stanowoi panee kaikenlaisia esteitä awunsaamiseen,
ja hänen puoltosanattansa ei rahaa anneta. Saa aluksi panna 50
ruplaa likoon, eikä sittekään tiedä, tokko raha-apu lähtee, waikka
wene jo olisi puoleksi walmis; ei ole kumma, jos harwat ryhtyiwät
rahan pyyntiin. Kyläjärjeslys ja weronkanto on samanlainen kuin
Wenäjällä; joku isäntä walitaan joka kylässä 3:ksi wuodeksi
päätösten toimeenpanijaksi; hän on staarosta, meidän nimityksen
mukaan lautakunnan esimies, jos semmoista olisi joka kylässä. Hän
kokoo kylän miehiltä werorahat ja wie räntteriaan. Koko kylälle
pannaan joku rahasumma weroa, ja warojaan ja kalastusonneaan
myöten maksaa itsekukin osan siitä kylän miesten suostumuksen
tahi weroituksen mukaan. Suomalaisissa kylissä ei ole 25 wuoteen
ollut henkikirjoitusta, waan wuosittain maksetaan sen henkiluwun
mukaan, mikä oli olemassa neljännes-wuosisata takaperin; kaikki
siitä nuoremmat owat wapaat ja moni maksaa weroa, joka aikaa
sitten on wirunut »alla selwien wesien, päällä mustien mutien»,
mutta »maassa maan tawalla», Wenäjällähän »kuolleet sielut» owat
kirjoissa eläwitten keskellä. Wero, joka kyläkunnille suuruuden
mukaan on määrätty, on sangen pieni; mutta sotapalweluksessa
pitää suomalaistenkin nuorukaisten käydä, jotka owat
asewelwollisuus-iässä. Erään lesken poika Puumangista oli ollut
Turkin sodassa ja saatuansa luwan palata kotia oli päässyt
Arkangeliin asti, mutta kuollut tautiin siellä. Wenäjän mallin mukaan
on suomalaisilla kylilläkin »prawlenia» eli kylän esiwalta. Uurasta,
Laatsiwuonosta ja Kakkarista walitaan yksi mies (staarosta), toinen
kylistä, jotka owat Tsipnawolokasta Puumankiin asti, ja kolmas mies
Petsamosta. Tästä näiden miesten oikeudesta saa wedota
stanowoihin (wallesmanniin), sitte isprawnikaan (kaupungin
pormestariin), ja yhä ylemmä kuwernööriin, mutta se tosiaankaan ei
kannata, sillä asia wiipyy wirastoissa wuosikausia ja wiimein hukkuu
kokonaan. Se minkä kylän miehet päättäwät, se on laki,
ensimäisessä ja wiimeisessä kädessä, ja sen walwojina owat sen
tekijät. Kuinka suuri puute on oikeuden walwojista osoittaa seuraawa
surkia tapaus: kaksi wenekunta kalasaarennon kohdalla rupesi
huonona saaliin aikana alkukesästä wierailemaan toisissaan;
juowuttuaan löi eräs Sellberg toista miestä, Juntusta, joka muistutti
muutaman kymmenen kruunun saamistaan edelliseltä, puukolla
rintaan kuoleman haawan. Toiset pakoittiwat Sellbergin wiemään
toweriaan paatilla Potshein lasarettiin: mutta irti pääsi Sellberg
kumminkin ja oleili wielä 2 wiikkoa samoilla seuduin, siksi kuin
asiasta ruwettiin tarkemmin kysymään; silloin lähti Sellberg Ruijan
puolelle ja heti Wenäjän wirkamiesten kirjeet perässä pyynnöllä:
ottakaa kiinni; mutta sitäkö Sellberg odottamaan, oikaisi Amerikaan.
Kakkarin
Laatsiwuonon
Tsipna Wolokan