Sensors

Arduino
How to install libraries for certain sensors:

Certain sensors require additional libraries to be installed for this working.
1. In Arduino IDE, click sketch. Then click Include Library.
2. Click Manage Libraries.
3. Then, you will get the below window.

4. You need to type the name of the required library.
5. You will get few results. Choose the suitable one and click them.
6. Press install.
1. Ultrasonic sensor
const int trigPin = 2;
const int echoPin = 3;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
// Set the trigger pin as output and the echo pin as input
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
void loop() {
// Generate a short pulse to trig digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
// Measure the duration of the pulse from the echo pin
long duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
// Calculate the distance based on the speed of sound
int distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;
Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(" cm");
delay(500);
2. LM35 sensor
const int lm35Pin = A0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
void loop() {
int sensorValue = analogRead(lm35Pin);
// Convert the sensor value to temperature in Celsius
float temperature = (sensorValue * 5.0 / 1023.0) * 100.0;
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperature);
Serial.println(" °C");
delay(1000);
3. Touch sensor
const int touchPin = 2;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
// Set the touch pin as input
pinMode(touchPin, INPUT);
void loop() {
int touchStatus = digitalRead(touchPin);
if (touchStatus == HIGH) {
Serial.println("Touch Detected");
} else {
Serial.println("No Touch Detected");
delay(1000);
4. LM393 light sensor

const int lightPin = A0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
void loop() {
// Read the analog value from the LM393 light sensor
int sensorValue = analogRead(lightPin);
Serial.print("Light Intensity: ");
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(1000);
5. Soil moisture sensor

const int moisturePin = A0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
void loop() {
// Read the analog value from the soil moisture sensor
int sensorValue = analogRead(moisturePin);
Serial.print("Moisture Level: ");
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(1000);
6. Water Level Sensor
const int sensorPin = A0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
void loop() {
// Read the analog value from the water level sensor

int sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// Map the sensor value to a water level percentage (adjust the min and max values as needed)
int waterLevel = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 100);
Serial.print("Water Level: ");
Serial.print(waterLevel);
Serial.println("%");
delay(1000);
7. PIR sensor
const int pirPin = 2;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);
void loop() {
// Read the motion status from the PIR sensor
int motionStatus = digitalRead(pirPin);
if (motionStatus == HIGH) {
Serial.println("Motion Detected");
} else {
Serial.println("No Motion Detected");
delay(500);
8. DHT11 Sensor
#include <DHT.h>
// DHT11 sensor pin
const int dhtPin = 2;
// Initialize the DHT sensor
DHT dht(dhtPin, DHT11);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
// Initialize the DHT sensor
dht.begin();
void loop() {
float temperature = dht.readTemperature();
float humidity = dht.readHumidity();
// Print the temperature and humidity values to the serial monitor
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperature);
Serial.print(" °C\tHumidity: ");
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.println(" %");
delay(2000);
9. Force sensor
const int forcePin = A0;
void setup() {
// Initialize serial communication
Serial.begin(9600);
void loop() {
// Read the analog value from the force sensor
int forceValue = analogRead(forcePin);
Serial.print("Force Sensor Value: ");
Serial.println(forceValue);
delay(1000);
}
10. MQ-135 air sensor
const int mqPin = A0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
void loop() {
int airQuality = analogRead(mqPin);
// Print the air quality value to the serial monitor
Serial.print("Air Quality: ");
Serial.println(airQuality);
delay(1000);

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How to install libraries for certain sensors:

3. Then, you will get the below window.

const int trigPin = 2;

const int echoPin = 3;

// Generate a short pulse to trig digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

// Measure the duration of the pulse from the echo pin

long duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculate the distance based on the speed of sound

int distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;

const int lm35Pin = A0;

int sensorValue = analogRead(lm35Pin);

// Convert the sensor value to temperature in Celsius

float temperature = (sensorValue * 5.0 / 1023.0) * 100.0;

// Set the touch pin as input

int touchStatus = digitalRead(touchPin);

Serial.println("No Touch Detected");

4. LM393 light sensor

// Read the analog value from the LM393 light sensor

int sensorValue = analogRead(lightPin);

Serial.print("Light Intensity: ");

5. Soil moisture sensor

// Read the analog value from the soil moisture sensor

int sensorValue = analogRead(moisturePin);

Serial.print("Moisture Level: ");

6. Water Level Sensor

const int sensorPin = A0;

// Read the analog value from the water level sensor

int waterLevel = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 100);

Serial.print("Water Level: ");

const int pirPin = 2;

// Read the motion status from the PIR sensor

int motionStatus = digitalRead(pirPin);

// DHT11 sensor pin

const int dhtPin = 2;

// Initialize the DHT sensor

DHT dht(dhtPin, DHT11);

// Initialize the DHT sensor

float temperature = dht.readTemperature();

float humidity = dht.readHumidity();

// Print the temperature and humidity values to the serial monitor

const int forcePin = A0;

// Initialize serial communication

// Read the analog value from the force sensor

int forceValue = analogRead(forcePin);

Serial.print("Force Sensor Value: ");

const int mqPin = A0;

int airQuality = analogRead(mqPin);

// Print the air quality value to the serial monitor

Serial.print("Air Quality: ");

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