Class Xi Study Material 2-23 24 (KVS, Jabalpur)
Class Xi Study Material 2-23 24 (KVS, Jabalpur)
Class Xi Study Material 2-23 24 (KVS, Jabalpur)
हमारे संरक्षक
OUR PATRONS
DIRECTED BY :-
MR. PANKAJ KUMAR JAIN
PRINCIPAL, KV BALAGHAT
i
DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE
It is with profound delight and utmost pride that I announce the publication of our
study material for class XI (MATHEMATICS) for the session 2023-24. It’s my
firm belief that access to quality education should know no boundaries,
transcending social and economic constraints. Our collective vision is to
empower all students with the tools for success and intellectual growth.
PRINCIPAL
KENDRIYA VIDYALAY
BALAGHAT
ii
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF PGT MATHEMATICS
BOOKLATE FOR CLASS - XI , SUBJECT :- MATHEMATICS (041)
6. Permutations and
6 MR R K TRIPATHI JAYANT COLLIERY
Combinations
REVIEW AND
15 MR. RITESH AGRAWAL BALAGHAT
COMPILATION
INDEX
S.NO
NAME OF CHAPTER PAGE NUMBER
.
1 1. Sets. 1-4
13 13.Statistics 84-96
14 14.Probability 97-101
1
Q.1: If the sets A and B are given by A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and the universal set
U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, then:
(a) (A 𝖴 B)' = {5, 7, 9} (b) (A ∩ B)'= {1, 3, 5, 6, 7}
(c) (A ∩ B)' = {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8} (d) None of these
Q.2: If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 3, 5, 6} and C = {3, 4, 6, 7}, then
(a) A – (B ∩ C) = {1, 3, 4} (b) A – (B ∩ C) = {1, 2, 4}
(c) A – (B 𝖴 C) = {2, 3} (d) A – (B 𝖴 C) = {Ø}
Q.3: The number of the proper subset of {a, b, c} is:
(a) 3 (b) 8 (c) 6 (d) 7
Q.4: Which one is different from the others?
(a) empty set (b) void set (c) zero set (d) null set
Q.5: Which of the following collections is a set ?
(a) The collection of all the days of a week (b) A collection of 11 best hockey player of India.
(c) The collection of all rich person of Delhi (d) A collection of most dangerous animals of India.
Q.6: If A 𝖴 B = Ø then n(A 𝖴 B) is equal to:
(a) n(A) + n(B) - n(A∩B) (b) n(A) - n(B) + n(A∩B)
2
Q.1: Write down the set {5, 25, 125, 625} in the set builder form
Q.2: If n(A) = 2 then find n[P(P(A))]
Q.3: Write down {x: x ∈ R, - 4 < x ≤ 6} as interval.
Q.4: Write the set A ={x: x ∈ R, 2x + 11= 15} in the roaster form.
Q.1: If A = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11}, B = {7, 9, 11, 13} , C= {11, 13, 15} , D = {15, 17}, Find
(a) (A 𝖴 B) ∩ C (b) C - D (c) (A ∩ B) ∩ (B 𝖴 C) (d) B ∩ D
Q.2: In a survey of 100 students the number of students studying the various languages were found
to be: English only18, English but not Hindi 23, English and Sanskrit 8, English 26, Sanskrit 48,
3
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ASSERTION & REASON TYPE QUESTIONS
Directions : Each of these questions contains two statements, Assertion and Reason. Each of these
questions also has four alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You have to select one
of the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a correct explanation for assertion
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Q.1: Assertion : The number of non-empty subsets of the set {a, b, c, d} are 15.
Reason : Number of non-empty subsets of a set having n elements are 2n – 1.
Q.2: Suppose A, B and C are three arbitrary sets and U is a universal set.
Assertion : If B = U – A, then n(B) = n(U) – n(A).
Reason : If C = A – B, then n(C) = n(A) – n(B).
Q.3: Assertion : Let A = {1, {2, 3}}, then P(A) = {{1}, {2, 3}, Ø, {1, {2, 3}}}.
Reason : Power set is set of all subsets of A.
Q.4: Assertion : The subsets of the set {1, {2}} are { }, {1}, {{2}} and {1, {2}}.
Reason : The total number of proper subsets of a set containing n elements is 2n – 1.
Q.5: Assertion : For any two sets A and B, A – B ⊂ B’
Reason : If A be any set, then A ∩ A’ = Ø
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Venn diagrams were invented by a logician John Venn as a way of picturing relationships between
different groups of things. These diagrams, also called Set diagrams or Logic diagrams,
are widely used in mathematics, statistics, logic, teaching, linguistics, computer science and
business
In the following diagram, triangle shows children, circle shows rural population, rectangle shows
school going population & square shows boys.
4
Based on the information stated above answer the below given questions-:
(i) The rural boys not going to school are denoted by which number?
(a)1 (b) 2 (c)1,2 (d) 2,8
(ii) The children from rural population not going to school are denoted by which number?
(a)1 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 2,6
(iii) What is represented by number 4?
(a) Children who are not from rural population (b) Children who are boys
(c) School going boys (d) School going boys who are not from rural population
(iv) School going boys from village are denoted by which number?
(a) 3 (b) 3,5 (c) 3,4 (d) 3, 4, 5,7
(v) Number of children who are not from rural population?
(a) 8 (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 9
2 MARKS
7
Q10.
3 MARKS
Q.1
Q 5.
Q 6.
8
Q 7.
Q 10.
Q 11.
Q 12.
Q 13.
5 MARKS
9
𝝅 𝟕𝝅 𝝅
Q.NO.4 Value of 2sin2𝟔 + cosec2 𝟔 +cos2 𝟑 is
𝟏 −𝟏 𝟑
a. 𝟐 b. 𝟐 c. 1 d.𝟐
Q.NO.2 Show that cos 60° + cos 120° + cos 240° - sin 300° = 0
𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙−𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
Q.NO.3 Show that 𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙 = tanx
13
√𝟏−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 √𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
Q.NO.4 If x lies in second quadrant, then show that + = 2secx
√𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 √𝟏−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝒙−𝒚
Q.NO.5 Show that (cos x – cos y)2 + ( sin x – sin y)2 = 4 sin2( )
𝟐
3 MARKS QUESTIONS
𝜽 𝟗𝜽 𝟓𝜽
Q.NO.1 Show that cos 2𝜽.cos𝟐 - cos 3𝜽 . cos = sin 5𝜽 .sin 𝟐
𝟐
5 MARKS QUESTIONS
−𝟓 𝒙 𝒙 𝒙
Q.NO.1 If tanx = 𝟏𝟐 and x lies in 2nd quadrant , find the value of sin𝟐 , cos𝟐 , tan𝟐
𝝅 𝝅 𝟑
Q.NO.2 Prove that cos2x + cos2(x +𝟑 )+cos2(x - ) =𝟐
𝟑
MARKING SCHEME
= [tan 1° tan 2° ... tan 44°] tan 45°[tan (90° – 44°) tan (90° – 43°)... tan (90° – 1°)]
14
= [tan 1° tan 2° ... tan 44°] [cot 44° cot 43°....... cot 1°] × [tan 45°]
= [(tan 1° × cot 1°) (tan 2° × cot 2°) .....(tan 44° × cot 44°)] × [tan 45°]
= 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × ...× 1= 1 {As 1n = 1}
= 1 + 1 [From (i)]=2
Q.NO.1 (d) If the radii of the two circles are r 1 and r2 and l is the length of the arc in either case , then
𝟑𝟎𝝅 𝟕𝟎𝝅
I = r1 ( circular measure of 30°) = r1( 𝟏𝟖𝟎 ) and l = r1 ( circular measure of 70°) = r1( 𝟏𝟖𝟎 )
𝒓𝟏𝝅 𝟕𝒓𝟐𝝅 𝒓 𝟕
= ⇒ 𝒓𝟏 = 𝟑
𝟔 𝟏𝟖 𝟐
𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝝅+𝒙).𝒄𝒐𝒔(−𝒙) −𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙.𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙
Q.NO.2 (a) 𝝅 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙(−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙) =cot2x
𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝝅−𝒙)(𝒄𝒐𝒔 +𝒙)
𝟐
2 MARKS QUESTIONS
Q.NO.2 LHS cos 60° + cos 120° + cos 240° - sin 300°
cos 60° +cos (180° – 60°) +cos (270° – 30°) – sin (360°-60°) (1 mark)
𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙−𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐𝒙
Q.NO.3 LHS 𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙+𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
(1/2 mark)
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙+𝟏+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙+𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙
(1/2 mark)
𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙+𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙
𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙(𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙)
(1/2 mark)
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙(𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙)
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
=tanx (1/2 mark)
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
√𝟏−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 √𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
Q.NO.4 LHS +
√𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 √𝟏−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝟏−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙+𝟏+𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
(1 mark)
√𝟏−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙
𝟐
(1/2 mark)
√𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙
𝟐
= secx(1/2 mark)
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
2 – 2 cos(x-y)
2 {1 – cos (x-y)}
𝒙−𝒚
2 . 2 sin2( ) (1/2 mark)
𝟐
𝒙−𝒚
4 sin2( )
𝟐
3 MARKS QUESTIONS
𝜽 𝟗𝜽
Q.NO.1 LHS cos 2𝜽 cos𝟐 - cos 3𝜽 . 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟐
𝟏
Using formula cos A cos B = 𝟐 [ cos (A+B) + cos(A-B)] and
𝑨+𝑩 𝑨−𝑩
cos A – cos B = -2 sin sin
𝟐 𝟐
16
𝟏 𝜽 𝜽 𝟏 𝟗𝜽 𝟗𝜽
[ cos (2𝜽 +𝟐) + cos (2𝜽 - 𝟐 ) ] - 𝟐 [cos(3𝜽 + ) + cos(3𝜽 - 𝟐 )] (1 mark)
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟓𝜽 𝟑𝜽 𝟏𝟓𝜽 −𝟑𝜽
[ cos + cos - cos - cos( )]
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟓𝜽 𝟑𝜽 𝟏𝟓𝜽 𝟑𝜽
[ cos 𝟐 + cos 𝟐 - cos - cos 𝟐 ] (1/2 mark)
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟓𝜽 𝟏𝟓𝜽
[ cos 𝟐 - cos ]
𝟐 𝟐
𝟓𝜽 𝟏𝟓𝜽 𝟓𝜽 𝟏𝟓𝜽
𝟏 + −
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
[ -2 sin sin ] (1 mark)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟐𝟎𝜽 −𝟏𝟎𝜽
- sin sin( )
𝟒 𝟒
𝟓𝜽
Sin 5𝜽 sin 𝟐 = RHS proved(1/2 mark)
𝟗 𝟒
cos A =±√𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨 = ±√𝟏 − =± 𝟓(1/2 mark)
𝟐𝟓
𝟒
A lies in second quadrant so that cosA = - 𝟓(1/2 mark)
𝟏𝟒𝟒 𝟓
sin B=±√𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑩 =±√𝟏 − =± 𝟏𝟑(1/2 mark)
𝟏𝟔𝟗
𝟓
B lies in second quadrant so that sin B= 𝟏𝟑(1/2 mark)
−𝟑𝟔 𝟐𝟎 −𝟓𝟔
= - 𝟔𝟓 = 𝟔𝟓 (1/2 mark) ans
𝟔𝟓
17
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝑨 +𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟔𝑨
= 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟔𝑨
𝟐𝑨+𝟔𝑨 𝟐𝑨−𝟔𝑨
𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏( )𝒄𝒐𝒔( )
𝟐 𝟐
= 𝟐𝑨+𝟔𝑨 𝟐𝑨−𝟔𝑨 (1 mark)
𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔( )𝒄𝒐𝒔( )
𝟐 𝟐
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟒𝑨𝒄𝒐𝒔(−𝟐𝑨)
=𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟒𝑨𝒄𝒐𝒔(−𝟐𝑨)
5 MARKS QUESTIONS
−𝟓
Q.NO.1 tanx = 𝟏𝟐 x lies in 2nd quadrant
𝝅
≤x≤𝝅
𝟐
𝝅 𝒙 𝝅
≤ 𝟐 ≤ 𝟐 (1/2 mark)
𝟒
𝟏𝟑
± 𝟏𝟐 =secx(1/2 mark)
18
−𝟏𝟐
x lies in second quadrant cos x = 𝟏𝟑 (1/2 mark)
𝟏𝟐
𝒙 𝟏+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝟏− 𝟏 𝟏
cos𝟐 = √ =√ 𝟐𝟏𝟑 = √𝟐𝟔 = (1 mark)
𝟐 √𝟐𝟔
𝟏𝟐
𝒙 𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝟏+ 𝟐𝟓 𝟓
sin𝟐 =√ =√ 𝟐𝟏𝟑 = √𝟐𝟔 = (1 mark)
𝟐 √𝟐𝟔
𝒙
𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏
𝟐
tan𝟐 = 𝒙 =5 (1 mark)
𝒄𝒐𝒔
𝟐
𝝅 𝝅
Q.NO.2 LHS cos2x + cos2(x +𝟑 )+cos2(x - 𝟑 )
𝟏 𝝅 𝝅
[2cos2x +2 cos2x + cos2(x + 𝟑 )+cos2(x - 𝟑 )] (1 mark)
𝟐
𝟏 𝟐𝝅 𝟐𝝅
[( 1+cos2x)+1+cos(2x+ 𝟑 ) +1+ cos(2x - )] (1 mark)
𝟐 𝟑
𝟏 𝟐𝝅 𝟐𝝅
[3+cos2x +{ cos(2x+ 𝟑 ) + cos(2x - )] (1/2 mark)
𝟐 𝟑
𝟏 𝟐𝝅
[3+cos2x+2cos2x cos 𝟑 ] (1 mark)
𝟐
𝟏 −𝟏
[3+cos2x+2cos2x ( 𝟐 )] (1 mark)
𝟐
𝟏 𝟑
[3+cos2x - cos2x ] = (1/2 mark)
𝟐 𝟐
RHS
𝟑
∴ sin A =−√𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 = − 𝟓 (1/2 mark )
𝟏𝟐
Cos B = 𝟏𝟑
𝟓
∴ sin B =−√𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑩 = − 𝟏𝟑 (1/2 mark )
19
𝟒 𝟏𝟐 𝟑 𝟓 𝟑𝟑
i) cos(A+B) = cos A cos B – sin A sin B = 𝟓 . 𝟏𝟑 -(− 𝟓 ).( − 𝟏𝟑) = 𝟔𝟓 ( 1 mark )
𝟑 𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟓 𝟏𝟔
ii) sin (A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A .sin B = − 𝟓 . 𝟏𝟑 - . (− 𝟏𝟑 ) = 𝟔𝟓 ( 1 mark )
𝟓
𝟑 𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟓 𝟓𝟔
iii) sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A .sin B = − 𝟓 . 𝟏𝟑 + 𝟓 . (− 𝟏𝟑 ) = − 𝟔𝟓 ( 1 mark )
−𝟓𝟔
𝒔𝒊𝒏 (𝑨+𝑩) 𝟔𝟓 𝟓𝟔
tan ( A + B ) = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 ( 𝑨+𝑩 ) = 𝟑𝟑 = − 𝟑𝟑 ( 1 mark )
𝟔𝟓
𝝅
Q.NO.2 A + B = 𝟒 ,
𝝅
tan(A + B) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 ,
𝟒
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝑨+𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝑩
𝒊) 𝟏−𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝑨 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝑩 = 1
(1 + tan A ) (1 + tan B ) = 2
( cot B – 1 ) (cot A – 1 ) = 2
𝝅
iii) A + B = 𝟒 ,
𝝅
sin (A + B ) = sin 𝟒
𝟏
sin (A + B ) =
√𝟐
𝝅
cos (A + B ) = cos 𝟒
𝟏
cos (A + B ) =
√𝟐
𝝅
tan(A + B) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟒
tan(A + B) = 1
𝟏 𝟏
sin(A+B)-cos(A+B)+tan(A+B) = - +1 = 1
√𝟐 √𝟐
20
5. sin x + i cos 2x and cos x – i sin 2x are conjugate to each other for:
=========================================================
a + ib = c + id
⇒ |a + ib| = |c + id|
a2 + b2 = c2 + d2
Thus, 1 + i is also the root of the given equation since non-real complex roots occur in conjugate pairs.
⇒a=–2
b = 1 – i2
b = 1 + 1 {since i2 = -1}
21
⇒b=2
Now, a – b = -2 – 2 = -4
Solution: Given,
[(1 + i)/(1 – i)]x = 1
By rationalizing the denominator,
[(1 + i)(1 + i)/ (1 – i)(1 + i)]x = 1
[(1 + i)2/ (1 – i + i – i2)]x = 1
[(1 + i2 + 2i)/(1 + 1)]x = 1
[(1 – 1 + 2i)/ 2]x = 1
ix = 1
Thus, ix = i4n, where n is any positive integer.
Solution:
(1 – i)3/(1 – i3)
= (1 – i)3/(13 – i3)
= (1 – i)2/(1 + i – 1)
= (1 – i)2/i
= (1 + i2 – 2i)/i
= (1 – 1 – 2i)/i
= -2i/i
= -2
Solution:
Consider sin x + i cos 2x and cos x – i sin 2x are conjugate to each other.
Therefore, for no value of x, sinx + i cos 2x and cos x – i sin 2x are conjugate to each other.
=====================================================================
Instructions : Each question consists of two statements, namely, Assertion (A) and Reason (R).For selecting the
correct answer, use the following code:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true but Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.
Answers
Q.1. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Q.2. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).
==============================================================================
VSA Type Questions (2 marks each)
Q.1. Write the complex number i9 + i19 in the form of a + ib.
Q.2. Express the given expression (1 + i) (1 + 2i) in the form a + ib and find the values of a
and b.
1+𝑖 𝑚
Q.5. If ( ) = 1, find the least positive integral value of m.
1−𝐼
Answers
Sol Q(1) : Given number: i9 + i19.
23
𝟏+𝒊 𝒎
Sol Q(5) ( ) =1
𝟏−𝑰
𝟏+𝒊 𝟏+𝒊 𝒎
(𝟏−𝑰 × 𝟏+𝒊) = 𝟏
𝟏+𝟐𝒊−𝟏 𝒎
( ) =𝟏
𝟏+𝟏
(𝒊𝒎 = 𝟏)
===========================================================================
SA Type Questions (3 marks each)
Q.1. If z1 and z2 are the two complex numbers, then show that :
Re (z1z2) = Re z1 Re z2 – Im z1 Im z2.
Q.2. Compute the value of (1-i)n [1- (1/i)]n for a positive integer “n”.
Q.5. The complex numbers sin x + i cos 2x is the conjugate to itself. Find the value of x.
Answers
Sol Q(1) : Let z1 = a1 + ib1 and z2 = a2+ ib2
Now, take the product of these two complex numbers.
z1z2 = (a1 + ib1)(a2+ ib2)
z1z2 = a1(a2+ ib2) + ib1(a2+ ib2)
z1z2 = a1a2 + ia1b2 + ia2b1 + i2b1b2
z1z2 = a1a2 + ia1b2 + ia2b1 – b1b2 [since i2 = -1]
Now, the above equation can be rearranged as follows:
z1z2 = a1a2 – b1b2 + ia1b2 + ia2b1
z1z2 = (a1a2 – b1b2) + i(a1b2 + a2b1)
Here, the real part is:
Re (z1z2) = a1a2 – b1b2
Thus,
Re (z1z2) = Re z1 Re z2 – Im z1 Im z2.
Hence, Re (z1z2) = Re z1 Re z2 – Im z1 Im z2 is proved.
25
= (1/27 – 9) + i(-27 + 1)
= -242/27 – 26i
= 3i – 7 + 7 – 4i – 6 – 3i + i23
= -4i – 6 + i22+1
= -4i – 6 + (i2)11 . i
= -4i – 6 + (-1)11 . i
= -4i – 6 – i
⇒ sin x = cos x and sin 2x = cos 2x [comparing real and imaginary part]
⇒ tan x = 1
and tan 2x = 1
Now, both of them are not possible for the same value of x.
===========================================================================LA
Type Questions (5 marks each)
β−α
Q.1. If αandβ are different complex numbers with |β| = 1, thenfind |1−α̅β|
𝑢 𝑣
Q.2. If (x+iy)3 =u+iv, where u,v,x,y R, then show that 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )
(1+𝑖)𝑥−2𝑖 (2−3𝑖)𝑦+𝑖
Q.3. Find x and y , if + = 𝑖, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖 = √−1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅
3+𝑖 3−𝑖
Answers
𝜷−𝜶 ̅ −𝜶
𝜷 ̅
= (𝟏−α̅ β) (𝟏−𝜶𝜷̅) using properties of conjugate
̅ +|𝛼|2
̅ 𝛽−𝛼𝛽
1−𝛼
= ̅ +|𝛼|2
̅ 𝛽−𝛼𝛽
simplifying and using |𝒛|𝟐 = 𝒛. 𝒛̅ as well as |𝜷| = 𝟏
1−𝛼
=1
𝜷−𝜶
|𝟏−α̅ β| = 𝟏 proved .
simplifying and comparing the real and imaginary parts from both sides, we get
4x + 9y - 3 = 0 ----- (1)
27
2x−7y−13=0 ----(2)
Solving (1) and (2) , we get
x = 3 and y = -1
===============================================================================
CASE Based Questions
Q.1. A complex number z is said to be purely real iff 𝑧̅ = 𝑧 and purely imaginary iff 𝑧̅ = −𝑧, where 𝑧̅ is the
conjugate of z. If z = x + iy , then 𝑧̅ = 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑦.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions :
(i) Which of the followings is not true
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑧 ̅̅̅
𝑧1
(a) ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑧1 + 𝑧2 = 𝑧̅1 + 𝑧̅2 (b) ̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑧1 𝑧2 = 𝑧̅1 𝑧̅2 (c) ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑧1 −𝑧2 = 𝑧̅2 − 𝑧̅1 (d) (𝑧1 ) = ̅̅̅
1 mark
2 𝑧2
Q.2. Two complex numbers z1 = a + ib and z2 = c+ id are said to be equal iff a = c and b = d.
Answers
(a) x ∈ (–4, 6)
(b) x ∈ [–4, 6]
(a) x ∈ (10, )
(b) x ∈ [10, )
(c) x ∈ (– , 10]
2 MARKS
Q6) Draw the graphical solution of the following inequation : x > 3
Q7) Solve for x : 3x – 4 ≥ – 2x + 6 when (i) x is a natural number (ii) x is a real number.
29
Q10) Solve – 12x > 30, when (i) x is a natural number (ii) x is an integer.
3 MARKS
2−3𝑋
Q11) Solve :-5≤ ≤9
4
Q12) Solve : 5 (2x – 7) –3 (2x + 3) ≤ 0 and 2x + 19 ≤ 6x + 47 and represent the solution on number line.
4−7𝑋
Q13) Draw the graphical solution of the following system of inequation : -3≤ ≤18
2
𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐴𝐺𝐸
Q14) I.Q. of a person is given by formula I.Q. = 𝐶𝐻𝑅𝑂𝑁𝑂𝐿𝑂𝐺𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 𝐴𝐺𝐸 × 100, where M.A. stands for mental age
and C.A., stands for chronological age. If 75 ≤ I.Q. ≤ 135 for a group of 9 year children. Find the range of
their mental age.
The marks of four students out of 100 in 4 test are given below and the grading scheme is also given.
Read the given information carefully and answer the following.
Prachi 85 93 94 89
Reshma 75 86 76 75
Ankit 92 83 44 60
Sunil 59 81 62 73
Grading system
Average Marks (x) Grade
x ≥ 91 A1
90 ≥ x ≥ 81 A2
80 ≥ x ≥ 71 B1
70 ≥ x ≥ 61 B2
60 ≥ x ≥ 51 C
(i) To get grade A1 the minimum marks Prachi should score in test-5 is
(a) 94 (b) 95
30
(c) 90 (d) ≥ 94
(ii) The marks Reshma should score in Test-5 to get grade A2 is
(a) ≥ 95 (b) 93
(c) ≥ 93 (d) 90
(iii) If Ankit scored 91 marks in his test-5, then he will get grade
(a) A2 (b) B1
(c) B2 (d) C
(iv) To get average marks more than Ankit, the minimum marks Sunil should score is
(a) 96 (b) 95
(c) 98 (d) 97
Q1717 A manufacturer has 640 liters of 8% boric acid solution and 1300 liters of 2% boric acid solution. To
dilute the 8% boric acid solution manufacturer added some amount of 2% boric acid solution into it.
(i) The maximum amount of 2% boric acid solution to be added so that resulting mixture is to be
more than 4% boric acid is
(a) 1280 l (b) 1278 l
(c) 1300 l (d) 1200 l
(ii) The maximum amount of 2% boric acid solution left after adding to 8% boric acid solution so
that resulting mixture to be less than or equal to 6% boric acid is
(a) 20 l (b) 800 l
(c) 980 l (d) 1000 l
(iii) If manufacturer used water in place of 2% boric acid solution for dilution of 8% boric acid
solution, then amount of water to be added so that resulting mixture is more than 2% boric acid is
(a) ≤ 1920 l (b) 3840 l
(c) 1920 l (d) <1920 l
(iv) The minimum amount of water to be added to 8% boric acid solution so that resulting mixture
is less than 4% boric acid solution is
(a) 641 l (b) 640 l
(c) 648 l (d) 650 l
31
18 A company produces certain items. The manager in the company used to make data record on daily basis
about the cost and revenue of these items separately. The cost function is given by C(x) = 40x + 14000 and
the revenue function is given by R(x) = 80x + 6000, where x is the number of items produced and sold
considering that all items produced are sold.
(i) Number of items produced to get some profit is
(a) > 200 (b) 200
(c) ≥ 200 (d) > 102
(ii) If the cost function becomes C(x) = 40x + 12000 and revenue function remains same then number of
items produced to get some profit is
(a) ≥ 150 (b) > 150
(c) > 200 (d) ≤ 150
(iii) To get at least ₹ 26,000 revenue per day the minimum number of items produced and sold per day is
(a) 255 (b) 257
(c) 250 (d) 300
(iv) The profit company will get after producing minimum number of items to get at least 26,000
revenue per day
(a) 2,400 (b) 20,000
(c) 24,000 (d) 2,000
(v) If the company has only ₹ 22,000 to invest in producing items per day. The maximum number of
items that can be produced is
(a) 250 (b) ≥ 200
(c) 200 (d) ≤ 200
5 MARKS
Q19)A manufacturer has 600 litres of a 12% solution of acid. How many litres of a 30% acid solution must
be added to it so that acid content in the resulting mixture will be more than 15% but less than 18% ?
Q20)A company manufactures cassettes. Its cost and revenue functions are C(x) = 26,000 + 30x and R(x) =
43x, respectively, where x is the number of cassettes produced and sold in a week. How many cassettes
must be sold by the company to realise some profit ?
Q21)The water acidity in a pool is considered normal when the average pH reading of three daily
measurements is between 8.2 and 8.5. If the first two pH readings are 8.48 and 8.35, find the range of pH
value for the third reading that will result in the acidity level being normal.
Reasoning:if both sids are divided by same negative quantity, then inequality is reversed
32
Q2) Assertion: the line divide the cartisian plane in two parts
1. 1440
2. 14400
3. 3600
4. None of the above
1. 6
2. 5
3. 4
4. None of the above
Q-3 In how many ways a committee, consisting of 5 men and 6 women can be formed from 8 men and
10 women?
1. 266
2. 5040
3. 11760
4. None of the above
Q-4 In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'GEOGRAPHY' be arranged such that the
vowels must always come together?
1. 2520
2. 2530
3. 15130
4. 15120
Q-5 In how many ways can the word CHRISTMAS be arranged so that the letters C and M are never
adjacent?
1. 8! × (7/2)
2. 9! × (7/2)
3. 8! × (9/2)
4. None of the above
Q-1 2
Q-2 2
Q-3 3
33
Q-4 4
Q-5 1
2 MARKS QUESTION
Question 1:
Find the 3-digit numbers that can be formed from the given digits: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 assuming that
Solution:
a) By the multiplication principle, the number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed
from the given digits is 5 × 5 × 5 = 125
b) By the multiplication principle, the number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed
without repeating the given digits is 5 × 4 × 3 = 60
Question 2:
A coin is tossed 6 times, and the outcomes are noted. How many possible outcomes can be there?
Solution:
When we toss a coin once, the number of outcomes we get is 2 (Either Head or tail)
So, in each throw, the no. of ways to get a different face will be 2.
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 × 2 × 2 = 64
34
Question 3:
(i) 6 ! (ii) 5 ! – 2 !
Solution:
(i) 6! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 = 720
(ii) 5! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 x 5 = 120
As 2! = 1 × 2 = 2
Question 4:
From a team of 6 students, in how many ways can we choose a captain and vice-captain assuming
one person can not hold more than one position?
Solution:
From a team of 6 students, two students are to be chosen in such a way that one student will hold
only one position.
Here, the no. of ways of choosing a captain and vice-captain is the permutation of 6 different things
taken 2 at a time.
So, 6P2 = 6! / ( 6 -2 )! = 6! / 4! = 30
Question 5:
How many words, with or without meaning, can be formed using all the letters of the word
EQUATION, using each letter exactly once?
Solution:
n=8
r=8
= 8P 8
= 8!/(8 8)!
= 8!/0!
= 8!/1
= 8!
35
=8*7*6*5*4*3*2*1
= 40320
3 MARKS QUESTION
1. How many numbers are there between 99 and 1000, having at least one of their digits 7?
Solution:
Total number of 3 digit numbers having at least one of their digits as 7 = (Total numbers of three-digit
numbers) – (Total number of 3 digit numbers in which 7 does not appear at all)
= (9 × 10 × 10) – (8 × 9 × 9)
= 900 – 648
= 252
2. How many 5-digit telephone numbers can be constructed using the digits 0 to 9, if each number starts
with 67 and no digit appears more than once?
Solution:
Given that the first two digits of each number are 6 and 7.
As repetition is not allowed and 6 and 7 are already taken, the digits available for place C are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8,
9, i.e. eight possible digits.
Solution:
Here, there are 9 objects (letters) of which there are 4As, 2 Ls and rest are all different.
= (1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 × 7 × 8 × 9)/ (1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 1 × 2)
36
= (5 × 6 × 7 × 8 × 9)/2
= 7560
4. In how many of the distinct permutations of the letters in MISSISSIPPI do the four Is not come
together?
Solution:
M–1
I–4
S–4
P–2
= 34650
We take that 4 I’s come together, and they are treated as 1 letter,
= (8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4!)/ (4! × 2)
= 840
Therefore, the total number of permutations where four Is don’t come together = 34650 – 840 = 33810
5. In a small village, there are 87 families, of which 52 families have at most 2 children. In a rural
development programme, 20 families are to be chosen for assistance, of which at least 18 families must
have at most 2 children. In how many ways can the choice be made?
Solution:
Given,
Remaining families = 87 – 52 = 35
Also, for the rural development programme, 20 families are to be chosen for assistance, of which at least 18
families must have at most 2 children.
52C18 × 35C2 (18 families having at most 2 children and 2 selected from other types of families)
37
52C19 × 35C1 (19 families having at most 2 children and 1 selected from other types of families)
Hence, the total number of possible choices = 52C18 × 35C2 + 52C19 × 35C1 + 52C20
5 MARKS QUESTION
1. A committee of 3 persons is to be constituted from a group of 2 men and 3 women. In how many ways
can this be done? How many of these committees would consist of 1 man and 2 women?
Solution:
Given,
Men = 2
Women = 3
= 5!/(3! 2!)
= (5 × 4 × 3!)/(3! × 2)
= 10
= 2 × 3C1
=2×3
=6
2. Determine the number of 5 card combinations out of a deck of 52 cards, if there is exactly one ace in
each combination.
Solution:
38
According to the given, we need to select 1 Ace card out of the 4 Ace cards
⇒ More 4 cards are to be selected now from 48 cards (52 cards – 4 Ace cards)
Number of 5 card combinations out of a deck of 52 cards if there is exactly one ace in each combination =
4C1 × 48C4
= 4 × [48!/(44! 4!)]
= 4 × 2 × 47 × 46 × 45
= 778320
3. A group consists of 4 girls and 7 boys. In how many ways can a team of 5 members be selected if the
team has
(i) no girls
Solution:
Given,
Number of girls = 7
Number of boys = 7
(i) No girls
Total number of ways the team can have no girls = 4C0 × 7C5
= 1 × 21
= 21
Total number of ways the team can have at least one boy and one girl = 7 + 84 + 210 + 140
= 441
Total number of ways the team can have at least three girls = 4C3 × 7C2 + 4C4 × 7C1
= 4 × 21 + 7
= 84 + 7
= 91
9. How many numbers greater than 1000000 can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 4?
Solution:
Number of digits = 7
The numbers have to be greater than 1000000, so they can begin either with 1, 2 or 4.
When 1 is fixed at the extreme left position, the remaining digits to be rearranged will be 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 4, in
which there are 3, 2s and 2, 4s.
= 60
10. 18 mice were placed in two experimental groups and one control group, with all groups equally large. In
how many ways can the mice be placed into three groups?
Solution:
Number of mice = 18
Number of groups = 3
Since the groups are equally large, the possible number of mice in each group = 18/3 = 6
Case study
Read the Case study given below and attempt any 4 subparts:
One evening, four friends decided to play a card game Rummy. Rummy is a card game that is played with decks of
cards. To win the rummy game a player must make a valid declaration by picking and discarding cards from the two
piles given. One pile is a closed deck, where a player is unable to see the card that he is picking, while the other is an
open deck that is formed by the cards discarded by the players. To win at a rummy card game, the players have to
group cards invalid sequences and sets.
In rummy, the cards rank low to high starting with Ace, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Jack, Queen, and King. Ace, Jack, Queen,
and King each have 10 points. The remaining cards have a value equal to their face value. For example, 5 cards will
have 5 points, and so on. Four cards are drawn from a pack of 52 playing cards, then:
While reading the instructions, he observed that the question paper consists of 12 questions divided into two parts -
Part I and Part II, containing 5 and 7 questions, respectively.
(i) If Anish is required to attempt 8 questions in all, selecting at least 3 from each part, then in how many ways can he
select the questions?
(ii) If Anish is required to attempt 8 questions in all, selecting at most 3 from part I, then in how many ways can he
select the questions?
Ques. Members of the BTS group, RM, Suga, V, Jin, Jungkook,Jimin, J Hope, are to be seated in a row for a photo
session
(ii) Total number of arrangements so that RM and Jin are at extreme positions
(a) 720
(b) 360
(c) 120
5. 1440
6. 14400
7. 3600
8. None of the above
5. 6
6. 5
7. 4
8. None of the above
Q-3 In how many ways a committee, consisting of 5 men and 6 women can be formed from 8 men and
10 women?
5. 266
6. 5040
7. 11760
8. None of the above
Q-4 In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'GEOGRAPHY' be arranged such that the
vowels must always come together?
5. 2520
6. 2530
7. 15130
8. 15120
Q-5 In how many ways can the word CHRISTMAS be arranged so that the letters C and M are never
adjacent?
5. 8! × (7/2)
6. 9! × (7/2)
7. 8! × (9/2)
8. None of the above
Q-1 2
Q-2 2
Q-3 3
Q-4 4
Q-5 1
42
2 MARKS QUESTION
Question 1:
Find the 3-digit numbers that can be formed from the given digits: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 assuming that
Solution:
a) By the multiplication principle, the number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed
from the given digits is 5 × 5 × 5 = 125
b) By the multiplication principle, the number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed
without repeating the given digits is 5 × 4 × 3 = 60
Question 2:
A coin is tossed 6 times, and the outcomes are noted. How many possible outcomes can be there?
Solution:
When we toss a coin once, the number of outcomes we get is 2 (Either Head or tail)
So, in each throw, the no. of ways to get a different face will be 2.
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 × 2 × 2 = 64
Question 3:
(i) 6 ! (ii) 5 ! – 2 !
Solution:
(i) 6! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 = 720
(ii) 5! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 x 5 = 120
As 2! = 1 × 2 = 2
Question 4:
From a team of 6 students, in how many ways can we choose a captain and vice-captain assuming
one person can not hold more than one position?
Solution:
From a team of 6 students, two students are to be chosen in such a way that one student will hold
only one position.
Here, the no. of ways of choosing a captain and vice-captain is the permutation of 6 different things
taken 2 at a time.
So, 6P2 = 6! / ( 6 -2 )! = 6! / 4! = 30
Question 5:
How many words, with or without meaning, can be formed using all the letters of the word
EQUATION, using each letter exactly once?
Solution:
n=8
r=8
= 8P 8
= 8!/(8 8)!
= 8!/0!
= 8!/1
= 8!
=8*7*6*5*4*3*2*1
= 40320
44
3 MARKS QUESTION
1. How many numbers are there between 99 and 1000, having at least one of their digits 7?
Solution:
Total number of 3 digit numbers having at least one of their digits as 7 = (Total numbers of three-digit
numbers) – (Total number of 3 digit numbers in which 7 does not appear at all)
= (9 × 10 × 10) – (8 × 9 × 9)
= 900 – 648
= 252
2. How many 5-digit telephone numbers can be constructed using the digits 0 to 9, if each number starts
with 67 and no digit appears more than once?
Solution:
Given that the first two digits of each number are 6 and 7.
As repetition is not allowed and 6 and 7 are already taken, the digits available for place C are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8,
9, i.e. eight possible digits.
Solution:
Here, there are 9 objects (letters) of which there are 4As, 2 Ls and rest are all different.
= (1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 × 7 × 8 × 9)/ (1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 1 × 2)
= (5 × 6 × 7 × 8 × 9)/2
= 7560
45
4. In how many of the distinct permutations of the letters in MISSISSIPPI do the four Is not come
together?
Solution:
M–1
I–4
S–4
P–2
= 34650
We take that 4 I’s come together, and they are treated as 1 letter,
= (8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4!)/ (4! × 2)
= 840
Therefore, the total number of permutations where four Is don’t come together = 34650 – 840 = 33810
5. In a small village, there are 87 families, of which 52 families have at most 2 children. In a rural
development programme, 20 families are to be chosen for assistance, of which at least 18 families must
have at most 2 children. In how many ways can the choice be made?
Solution:
Given,
Remaining families = 87 – 52 = 35
Also, for the rural development programme, 20 families are to be chosen for assistance, of which at least 18
families must have at most 2 children.
52C18 × 35C2 (18 families having at most 2 children and 2 selected from other types of families)
52C19 × 35C1 (19 families having at most 2 children and 1 selected from other types of families)
46
Hence, the total number of possible choices = 52C18 × 35C2 + 52C19 × 35C1 + 52C20
5 MARKS QUESTION
1. A committee of 3 persons is to be constituted from a group of 2 men and 3 women. In how many ways
can this be done? How many of these committees would consist of 1 man and 2 women?
Solution:
Given,
Men = 2
Women = 3
= 5!/(3! 2!)
= (5 × 4 × 3!)/(3! × 2)
= 10
= 2 × 3C1
=2×3
=6
2. Determine the number of 5 card combinations out of a deck of 52 cards, if there is exactly one ace in
each combination.
Solution:
According to the given, we need to select 1 Ace card out of the 4 Ace cards
⇒ More 4 cards are to be selected now from 48 cards (52 cards – 4 Ace cards)
Number of 5 card combinations out of a deck of 52 cards if there is exactly one ace in each combination =
4C1 × 48C4
= 4 × [48!/(44! 4!)]
= 4 × 2 × 47 × 46 × 45
= 778320
3. A group consists of 4 girls and 7 boys. In how many ways can a team of 5 members be selected if the
team has
(i) no girls
Solution:
Given,
Number of girls = 7
Number of boys = 7
(i) No girls
Total number of ways the team can have no girls = 4C0 × 7C5
= 1 × 21
= 21
Total number of ways the team can have at least one boy and one girl = 7 + 84 + 210 + 140
= 441
Total number of ways the team can have at least three girls = 4C3 × 7C2 + 4C4 × 7C1
= 4 × 21 + 7
= 84 + 7
= 91
9. How many numbers greater than 1000000 can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 4?
Solution:
Number of digits = 7
The numbers have to be greater than 1000000, so they can begin either with 1, 2 or 4.
When 1 is fixed at the extreme left position, the remaining digits to be rearranged will be 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 4, in
which there are 3, 2s and 2, 4s.
= 60
10. 18 mice were placed in two experimental groups and one control group, with all groups equally large. In
how many ways can the mice be placed into three groups?
Solution:
Number of mice = 18
Number of groups = 3
Since the groups are equally large, the possible number of mice in each group = 18/3 = 6
Case study
Read the Case study given below and attempt any 4 subparts:
One evening, four friends decided to play a card game Rummy. Rummy is a card game that is played with decks of
cards. To win the rummy game a player must make a valid declaration by picking and discarding cards from the two
piles given. One pile is a closed deck, where a player is unable to see the card that he is picking, while the other is an
open deck that is formed by the cards discarded by the players. To win at a rummy card game, the players have to
group cards invalid sequences and sets.
In rummy, the cards rank low to high starting with Ace, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Jack, Queen, and King. Ace, Jack, Queen,
and King each have 10 points. The remaining cards have a value equal to their face value. For example, 5 cards will
have 5 points, and so on. Four cards are drawn from a pack of 52 playing cards, then:
While reading the instructions, he observed that the question paper consists of 12 questions divided into two parts -
Part I and Part II, containing 5 and 7 questions, respectively.
(i) If Anish is required to attempt 8 questions in all, selecting at least 3 from each part, then in how many ways can he
select the questions?
(ii) If Anish is required to attempt 8 questions in all, selecting at most 3 from part I, then in how many ways can he
select the questions?
Ques. Members of the BTS group, RM, Suga, V, Jin, Jungkook,Jimin, J Hope, are to be seated in a row for a photo
session
(a) 28
(b) 5040
(c) 2520
(ii) Total number of arrangements so that RM and Jin are at extreme positions
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the
correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Q1: Assertion (A) : The expansion of (1+ x)n = nC0 + nC1 x + nC2 x2+…+ nCn xn
Reason (R) : If x = −1, then the above expansion is zero
2
Q2: Assertion (A) : ∑𝑛 𝑘=1 𝑘(𝑛𝑐 𝑛 ) = n (2𝑛 − 1𝑐 𝑛−1 )
Reason (R) : : If 22003 is divided by 15 then remainder is 8.
{2 marks questions}
Q1: Using binomial theorem, evaluate (99)5 .
3 4
Q2: Expand (x 2 + x) , x ≠ 0 b using Pascal triangle.
Q3: Expand (1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )4
Q4: Prove that(𝑎 + 𝑏)4 − (𝑎 − 𝑏)4 is an even number if a and b are integers:
3 6
Q5: Find 4th term of the expansion (2𝑥 + 𝑥)
{3 marks questions}
Q1: Prove that ∑𝑛𝑟=0 3𝑟 𝑛 𝐶𝑟 = 4𝑛
Q2: Find a, if the 4th and 5th term of the expansion (2 + a)7 are equal.
Q3: Which of the following is larger (9950 + 10050 ) or 10150
1 6
Q4: Find the term independent of x in the expansion of(2x + 3x2 ) .
6 6
Q5:Find (a + b)6 − (a − b)6 hence evaluate(√3 + √2) − (√3 − √2)
{5 marks questions}
51
4 4
Q1: Find the value of (a2 + √a2 − 1) + (a2 − √a2 − 1)
Q2: Prove that 12n − 11n − 1 is divisible by 121 For all n∈N by using binomial theorem.
Q3: Show that 24𝑛+4 − 15𝑛 − 16, where n ∈ N is divisible by 225.
Q1: In class XI, teacher explained binomial theorem. Two students Shivani and Vishwani trying to solve the
exercise. Shivani expanded (1+x)6 by using Binomial theorem, Viswani expanded (x+1)6.
Based on this above information answer the following questions.
1. According to Shivani find 4th term .
2. Find the value of 6C0 + 6C1 + 6C2 + 6C3 + … … + 6C6
3. Find the positive value of x if 3rd terms of Shivani and Vishwani are equal.
Q2: In class XI, teacher explained binomial theorem. Two students
Rohan and Mahek trying to solve the exercise. Mahek expanded
(x+y)3 by using Binomial theorem, Rohan expanded (x+y)3.by
using algebraic identity
Based on this above information answer the following
questions.
1. According to Mahek find expansion
2. According to Rohan find expansion
3. Find the value of (99)3 by using above result
(a)6
(b)8
(c)4
(d)None of these
Q4 If the sum of first n even natural numbers is equal to k times the sum of first n odd natural numbers ,then k
is
1
a) 𝑛
𝑛−1
(b) 𝑛
𝑛+1
(c) 2𝑛
𝑛+1
(d) 𝑛
Q5If a,b,c are in AP and x,y,z are in GP , then value of 𝑥 𝑏−𝑐 𝑦 𝑐−𝑎 𝑧 𝑎−𝑏 is
(a)0
(b)1
(c)xyz
(d) 𝑥 𝑎 𝑦 𝑏 𝑧 𝑐
0.5+0.55+0.555+……………..
Q2. If n arithmetic means are inserted between 20 and 80 such that the ratio of first mean to the last mean is
1:3, then find the value of n.
Q3. On the first day of new year i.e., on January Ramesh helped 3 persons. When those persons thanked him,
he advised them not to thank but to help 3 more persons on second day and instructed them to do the same on
third day. They move the chain similarly.
Assuming that the chain is not broken, answer the following:
(i) Find how many persons will be helped on 5th day.
(ii) Find the total number of people helped in 5 days.
(iii) 6561 persons will be helped on which day?
OR
(iii)How many persons will be helped on 7th day?
SOLUTIONS (MCQ)
ANS1 (b)25,-125,,625,-3125,15625
54
ANS 2 (c)60
ANS 3 (a)6
𝑛+1
ANS 4 (c) 2𝑛
ANS 5 (b)1
ANS -1
14
a=2 ,𝑎4 = 10 ,2+3d = 10 d=8/3 , 𝑎2 = , 𝑎3 =22/3
3
ANS-2
G= 0.04
ANS -3 ,
2𝑛 −2𝑛−1
𝑎𝑛 =
3
𝑎2 𝑎
= 𝑎3 =2
𝑎1 2
ANS 4
a=0.3 , r= 0.2
𝑎8 =0.3(0.2)7
ANS 5
( SHORT ANSWERS)
a(𝑟 3 −1) 125
ANS 1 𝑎(𝑟 6 −1)=152
1 125
=152
𝑟 3 +1
r=3
1 1 1
ANS 2 Let 𝑎𝑥 =𝑏 𝑦 =𝑐 𝑧 = 𝑘, a=𝑘 𝑥 ,b=𝑘 𝑦 ,c=𝑘 𝑧
𝑏 2 =ac, 𝑘 2𝑦 =𝑘 𝑥+𝑧
2y=x+z
55
X,y,z are in AP
ANS 3
a+𝑎𝑟 3=2x18
2𝑟 2 -5r+2=0
1
r =2, 2 , a=32
By cross multiplication
𝑎𝑛−1 =𝑏 𝑛−1
𝑎𝑛−1
=1
𝑏 𝑛−1
𝑎 𝑛−1 𝑎
(𝑏) =(𝑏 ) 0
n-1=0
n=1
ANS 5
5 0.1(1−0.1𝑛 )
= 9 [ n- ]
1−0.1
5 1(1−0.1𝑛 )
= 9 [ n- ]
9
5
= 81 [ 9 n- 1+0.1𝑛 ]
ANS 1) Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of the given A.P. then
Ap = pth term = a + ( p – 1 ) d ; aq = qth term = a + ( q - 1 ) d
Ar = rth term = a + (r - 1) d and, as = sth term = a + (s -1) d
It is given that
A.M. between ap and aq = A.M. between ar and as
1 1
=> (ap + aq) = 2 (ar + as)
2
=> ap + aq = ar + as
=> {a + (p - 1) d} + { a + (q - 1) d} = {a + (r -1) d} + {a + (s-1) d}
=> (p + q - 2) d = (r + s - 2) d
=> p + q = r + s
(iii) Length of each side Ist square, IIsquare ,……. Form a GP 100, 50√2,50….
1 25
Side of 6th square = 𝑎6 =100( )5=
√2 √2
OR
(𝑖𝑖𝑖)𝑎7=12.5
ANS 3
(i) No of persons helped by others form a GP
3,9,27,…………….
𝑎5 =3(3)4 =243
(𝑖𝑖)toal no of people got help on 5th day =3+9+27+81+243=363
(𝑖𝑖𝑖)8th day
𝑂𝑅
(iii) 𝑎7 =2187
57
ASSERTION - REASONING
DIRECTION: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
1) Assertion : The equation of the straight line which passes through the point ( 2, - 3) and the point of the
intersection of the lines x + y + 4 = 0 and 3x – y – 8 = 0 is 2x – y – 7 = 0
Reason : Product of slopes of two perpendicular straight lines is - 1 .
2) Assertion : Equation of the horizontal line having distance a from the x-axis is either y = a or y = - a
Reason : Equation of the vertical line having distance b from the y-axis is either x = b or x = - b .
CASE STUDY -1
A girl standing at the junction (crossing) of two straight paths represented by the equations 2x –
3y + 4 = 0 and 3x + 4y – 5 = 0 wants to reach the path whose equation is 6x – 7y + 8 = 0 in the
least time.
b) 119 / 125
c) 102 / 125
d) 125/ 102
CASE STUDY -2
A triangular park has two of its vertices as B(-4, 1) and C(2, 11). The third vertex A is a point dividing the
line joining the points (3, 1) and (6, 4) in the ratio 2 : 1.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
a) The coordinates of third vertex A are
i) (5, 3)
ii) (3, 5)
iii) (-5, 3)
iv) (5, -3)
b) The equation of passing through B and C is
i) 5x – 3y – 23 = 0
ii) 5x – 3y + 23 = 0
iii) 3x + 5y – 23 = 0
iv) 5x + 3y – 23 = 0
CASE STUDY -3
60
Read the paragraph given below and answer the following queations:
Villages of Shanu and Arun’s are 50 km apart and are situated on Delhi Agra highway as shown in
figure .
Another highway yy′ crosses Agra Delhi highway at O (0,0). A small local road PQ crosses both
the highways at points A and B s.t. OA = 10 km and OB = 12 km. Also, the villages of Barun and
Jeetu is 15km from O
i) √61 km
ii) 12 𝑘𝑚
iii) 10 km
iv) 2√61 𝑘m
ANSWERS
MCQ
1) (a) 𝑦 = −5
2) (b) Ɵ = 600
3) (d) 3/10
4) (b) ( 0, - 2)
5) (a) 4
ASSERTION AND REASON
1) (b)
2) (b)
0+8 − 4+0
2) Mid point of line segment joining (0, - 4) and (8,0) = ( , ) = (4, - 2) ……..1
2 2
− 2−0 1
Slope of required line = = -2 ……………………………………… 1
4−0
𝑘 − 3 = 0 ⟹ 𝑘 = 3 ………………….. 1
4) Let (a,b) be the fourth vertex
In rhombus diagonals bisect each other. ……………………………. 1/2
5+ −2 3+4 2+𝑎 7+𝑏
⟹( 2 , 2 )=( 2 , 2 ) ………………………………………. 1/2
⟹ a =1 , b = 0 ……………………………………….. 1
68 49
Foot of perpendicular = (25 , − 25) ………………………… 1
2) Let k :1 be the ratio in which the line joining A (- 1,1) and B (5,7) is divided by 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4
5𝑘−1 7𝑘+1
The point of intersection = ( 𝑘+1 , 𝑘+1 ) …………………… 1
5𝑘−1 7𝑘+1
The point also lie on the line 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4 = 0 ⟹ 𝑘+1 + 𝑘+1 − 4 = 0 ……….. 1
⟹ 8𝑘 − 4 = 0
1
⟹ 𝑘 = 2 ⟹ Ratio = 1 : 2 ……….. 1
𝑥 𝑦
3) Length of perpendicular from (0,0) to 𝑎 +𝑏 = 1 is p
0+0−1
⟹ | 1 1
|=p ……………………………………….. 1
√ 2+ 2
𝑎 𝑏
1
⟹ 1 1
=p …………………………………………. 1
√ 2+ 2
𝑎 𝑏
1 1 1
⟹ √𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑝
1 1 1
⟹ + 𝑏 2 = 𝑝2 …………………………………………. 1
𝑎2
4) If (h,k) is the new origin ,then new coordinates (X,Y) of the point (x,y) are given by 𝑥 = 𝑋 + ℎ and
𝑦 =𝑌+𝑘 ……………………………… 1
(x,y) = (4,5) and (X , Y) = ( -3,9)
⟹ 4 = - 3 + h and 5 = 9 + k ……………………………… 1
⟹ h = 7 and k = - 4
Origin = (7, - 4) ………………………………. 1
5) Given equation 𝑥 − 7𝑦 + 5 = 0
1 5
⟹ 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 7
1
Slope of given line = 7 …………………………… 1
Slope of line perpendicular to it is - 7
Required line has x-intercept = 3, so it passes through (3,0)
Equation of required line 𝑦 − 0 = −7(𝑥 − 3) ⟹ 7𝑥 + 𝑦 − 21 = 0 ……… 1
|7𝑋1+(−1)−21|
Distance of the point (1, - 1) from required line = √72 +12
|−15| 15 3
= = = ………. 1
√50 5√2 √2
2) (i) x-intercept ; a = 2
y-intercept ; b = -3 …………………………. 1
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
Equation of line ; 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1 ⟹ + =1
2 −3
Simplifying 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 6 = 0 ……………………… 1
( 12𝑋−2 )−(5 𝑋 3)−2 41
(ii) Distance = ⌈ 2 2
⌉= ……………………… 1
√12 +(−5) 13
(iii) Slope of x-axis ; m1= 0 ………………….. 1/2
Slope of line joining the points (3, -1) and (4, -2) ; m2 = -1 ……….. 1/2
Calculation of angle = 450 …………………….. 1
CASE STUDY -1
(i) A (ii) C (iii) D (iv) A
CASE STUDY -2
a) i) (5, 3)
b) ii) 5x – 3y + 23 = 0
c) iii) 5x – 3y – 16 = 0
d) i) 3x + 5y – 30 = 0
e) iv) 39 sq units
CASE STUDY -3
a) i) (10, 0)
b) ii) 6x + 5y = 60
c) ii) 60/√61 km
d) iii) -6/5
e) iv) 2√61 𝑘m
64
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
(c) – =1 (d) – =1
64 36 36 64
𝑦2 𝑥2
Ans ( b) Since the vertices are on the y-axis ,the equation is of the form (a) –𝑏2 =1 as vertices are (0,±6) ,
𝑎2
𝑦2 𝑥2
a=6 so the required equation is –64 =1
36
Ans From given equation x/2 =(cos t + sin t) ,y/5 =(cos t - sin t) Elliminating t from i & ii, we have
𝑥2 𝑦2
+25 =2 is an ellipse
4
3. Equation of the circle with centre on the y-axis and passing through the origin and the point (2, 3) is
2 2 2 2
(a) x + y – 13y = 0 (b) 3x + 3y +13x + 3 = 0
2 2 2 2
(c) 6x + 6y – 13x = 0 (d) x + y + 13x + 3 = 0
Ans
65
4. The foci of an ellipse are (0, ± 6) and the length of its minor axis is 16. The equation of the ellipse is
Ans
2
5. If the parabola x = 6y, the focus and the equation of directrix are respectively.
2
Ans: (c), given equation of the parabola is x = 4ay ⇒ a = 3/2 Focus of the parabola is Its directrix is y = – a ⇒ y
= -3/2
1.Assertion: Latus rectum of a parabola ia a line segment perpendicular to the axis of the parabola,through the focus and
whose end points lie on the parabola.
𝑥2 𝑦2
Reason : The equation of the hyperbola with foci on the y-axis is – =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
Ans: c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
66
Assertion: If the equation has a term y2,then the axis of symmetry is along the x-axis,
Reason: If the equation has a term x2,then the axis of symmetry is along the x-axis
Ans (c)
Reason: x2/a2 + y2/ b2=1 is an equation of ellipse if major axis is along y-axis
Ans
⇒ =1 [Hyperbola]
Here a2 = 9 ⇒a = 3 and b2 = 16 ⇒b = 4
Eccentricity (e) =
Length of transverse axis = 2a = 6
Length of conjugate axis = 2b = 8
Foci = (± ae, 0) = = (± 5, 0)
67
2. Find the coordinates of the focus, the equation of directrix, vertex and length of latus rectum for the parabola y2 = –
12x.
3. What is the eccentricity of hyperbola whose vertices and foci are (± 2, 0) and (± 3, 0) respectively ?
∴e = .
Ans Centre =
:x2 = – 16y.
2
ANS: Consider the equation x = – 16y
Comparing with x2 = 4ay, we get
4a = – 16 ⇒a = – 4.
∴ Coordinates of focus are (0, a), i.e. (0, – 4)
Axis is y-axis.
Equation of directrix is y + a = 0 ⇒y – 4 = 0
Length of latus rectum = | 4a | = 16.
⇒ represents an ellipse.
Let X = x – 1, Y = y + 1 ... (i)
Also a2 = 4 ⇒a = 2 ; b2 = 1 ⇒b = 1
Eccentricity =
2. Find the equation of the hyperbola whose foci are (± 3√ 5 , 0) and the length of the latus rectum is 8.
∴c = 3√ 5 and =8
2
⇒ and b = 4a
2 2 2
⇒a + b = 45 and b = 4a ...(ii)
2
⇒a + 4a – 45 = 0
⇒ (a + 9) (a – 5) = 0
⇒a = – 9, a = 5
a = – 9, not possible [From (ii)]
∴a = 5
Substituting in (i), we get
2
b = 4 × 5 = 20
3. Write the equation of ellipse whose vertices are (± 5, 0) and foci (± 4, 0).
Ellipse is …(i)
We have a = 5, c = 4 =
2 2
⇒ 16 = 25 – b ⇒b = 9
Substituting for a, b in (i), we get
4. Find the equation of the circle passing through (0, 0) and making intercepts a andb on the coordinate axes.
and radius is
∴ Equation of circle is
2 2
⇒x + y – ax – by = 0 is the required equation.
5. Find the equation of a circle whose centre is (3, –2) and which passes through the inter-section of the lines 5x + 7y = 3
and 2x –3y = 7.
Therefore, r =
69
2 2
∴ Circle is (x – 3) + (y + 2) = 2
2 2
x + y – 6x + 4y + 11 = 0
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(a) (± 5, 0) (b) (± 4, 0)
2a = 26
⇒ a = 13, 2c = 10 ⇒ c = 5
70
c2 = a2 – b2
⇒ 25 = 169 – b2
⇒ b2 = 144
⇒ b = 12
(ii) (c),
(iii) (a),
2. A man visited India gate and moving on a path, he observed that his distance from India gate is always 500 metres.
Taking India gate as origin. Answer the following:
(ii) If he saw a balloon seller is at point (600, 800) then the man has to move towards India gate or away from it.
(iii) If man is considered to be at point (400, 300), then find the distance between balloon seller and man.
(iv) Find the locus of balloon seller if he also start moving around India gate on circular path from the point where
he was standing.
(v) Find the area of triangle formed by joining the India gate, the position of man and the position of balloon
seller.
2 2
ANS: (i) x + y = 250000 (ii) Man has to move away from India gate (iii)
2 2
(iv)x + y = 1000000 (v) Area = 70000 m2
3.
A beam is supported at its ends by supports which are 12 m apart. Since the load is concentrated at its centre, there is a
deflection of 3 cm at the centre and defected beam is in the shape of parabola. Now considering the centre of beam is at
origin as shown in figure. Answer the following:
71
(c) 12 m (d) 48 m
(a) (± 6, 3) (b)
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
2
ANS: (i) (b), Equation of parabola is x = 4ay
= 4 × 300
= 1200 m
(iv) (c),
(v) (a), Where the deflection is 1 cm. Let the coordinates of point be
72
1.A beam is supported at its ends by supports which are 12 metres apart. Since the load is concentrated at its centre,
there
is a deflection of 3 cm at the centre and the deflected beam is in the shape of a parabola. How far from the centre is the
deflection 1 cm?
Solution Let the vertex be at the lowest point and the axis vertical. Let the coordinate
axis be chosen as
2. If the latus rectum of an ellipse with axis along x-axis and centre at origin is 10, distance between foci = length of
minor axis, then the equation of the ellipse is
Ans Given that 2b2/a =10
= and 2ae = 2b b = ae and
Again, we know that
b2 = a2 (1 – e2)
or 2 a2 e2 = a2 √
Thus a = b √2
Again 2 b2/a= 10
Or b=5√
73
An equilateral triangle is inscribed in the parabola y2 = 4ax whose one vertex is at the vertex of the parabola. Find the
length of the side of the triangle.
Solution As shown in the figure APQ denotes the equilateral
triangle with its equal
sides of length l (say).
Here AP = l so AR = l cos30°=l√3/2
.
Also, PR = l sin 30° = l/2
.
Thus (√3/2,1/2 )are the coordinates of the point P lying on the
parabola y2 = 4ax.
Therefore,
l2/4=4a(l√3/2)l=8a√3
A. Octant I
B. Octant II
C. Octant III
D. Octant IV
Q.2: A point is on the x-axis. Which of the following represent the point?
A. (0, x, 0)
B. (0, 0, x)
C. (x, 0, 0)
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
Q.4: What is the distance between the points (2, –1, 3) and (–2, 1, 3)?
A. 2√5 units
B. 25 units
C. 4√5 units
D. √5 units
Q.5: The maximum distance between points (3sin θ, 0, 0) and (4cos θ, 0, 0) is:
(a) 3 units
75
(b) 4 units
(c) 5 units
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct, reason is a correct explanation for assertion
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct, reason is not a correct explanation for assertion
1 Assertion: The coordinates of the point which divides the join of A(2,-1,4) and B(4,3,2) in the ratio 2:3
externally is C(-2,-9,8)
Reason: If P(x₁,y₁,z₁) and Q(x₂,y₂.z₂) be two points, and let R be a point on PQ produced dividing it externally
in the ratio m₁: m₂. Then the coordinates of R are
Reason: Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other and mid-point of AC and BD coincide
2. Find the coordinates of a point equidistant from the four points O (0,0,0), A(a, 0, 0), B(0, b, 0) and C(0,0,
c).
3. Prove that the points (a,b,c), (b,c,a) and (c,a,b) are the vertices of an equilateral triangle.
4. Show that the points (-2, 3, 5), (1, 2, 3) and (7, 0, -1) are collinear.
5. What are the coordinates of the vertices of a cube whose edge is 2 units, one of whose vertices coincides
with the origin and the three edges passing through the origin, coincide with the positive direction of the axes
through the origin?
2. Show that the triangle ABC with vertices .4(0,4,1), 6(2,3, -1) and C(4, 5,0) is right angled.
3. The mid-point of the sides of a triangle are (1, 5, -1), (0,4, -2) and (2, 3,4). Find its vertices. Also, find the
centroid of the triangle.
1. A boy is standing at point O and observe three kites A, B and C in space. Taking O as origin if the
coordinates of three kites A, B and C are (3, 4, 5), (–1, 3, 4) and (2, – 1, 4) respectively, then
(i) the distance between kites A and B will be —-
(ii) The coordinates of a point on the y-axis which is at a distance of units from kite A are
(a) (0, 0, 5) (b) (0, 7, 0)
(c) (3, 0, 0). (d) (0, 5, 0)
(iii) The coordinates of point D so that ABCD is a parallelogram are
(a) (6, 0, 5) (b) (4, 9, 5)
(c) (–1, 3, 2) (d) (5, 6, 0)
(iv) If the points (0, –1, –7), (2, 1, –9) and (6, 5, –13) represent kites A, B and C then the kites
(a) are collinear
(b) form right angled triangle
(c) form an isosceles triangles
(d) form a rhombus
3.
77
VSA
8 𝑰𝒙𝑰 2
Evaluate LHL and RHL of the𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙
𝐱→𝟎
9 𝑿𝟐𝟏 − 𝟏 2
Evaluate : 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝐱→𝟏 𝑿𝟑 − 𝟏
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙
10 Evaluate : 𝐥𝐢𝐦 2
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙
Q N SA QUESTION MARKS
13 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 −𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟓𝒙 3
Evaluate : 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ]
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙
14 𝒙𝟒 − 𝟖𝟏 3
Evaluate : 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟓𝒙− 𝟑
𝐱→𝟑
16 𝟏 3
Differentiate(𝒙 + )𝟑 w.r.t. x
𝒙
QN LA QUESTION MARKS
18 𝒙𝟑 −𝟕𝒙 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙−𝟗 5
Evaluate :𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙𝟒 −𝟓𝒙 𝟑 + 𝟐𝟕𝒙−𝟐𝟕
𝐱→𝟑
19 𝒎𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒏, 𝒙 < 0 5
If f(x) = {𝒏𝒙 + 𝒎, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏,
𝒏𝒙 𝟑 + 𝒎, 𝒙 > 1
𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒔 𝒎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒏 𝒅𝒐𝒆𝒔 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐟(𝐱) and 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐟(𝐱) exist ?
𝐱→𝟎 𝐱→𝟏
20 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 5
Find the derivative of : f(x) =
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙
Mr. Shami, a maths teacher of class XI wants to check the knowledge of his students,
so he writes a function f(x) = sin x + cos x, where f be a real valued function defined
by
𝐟(𝐱 +𝐡)− 𝐟(𝐱 )
f'(x) = = 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝒉→𝟎 𝐡
For a function f(x) = sin x + cos x, answer the following questions ;
𝒅
(a) Find 𝒅𝒙 {f'(x)} at x = 90°
(b) If f(x) = cos2 x - sin2 x, then find the value of f'(45°)
22 𝒈(𝒙)
A function f is said to be a rational function, if f(x) = , where g(x) and h(x) are
𝒉(𝒙)
polynomial functions such that h (x) ≠ 0.
𝒈(𝒙) 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒈(𝒙) 𝒈(𝒂)
𝒙→𝒂
Then 𝐥𝐢𝐦 f(x) = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = =
𝐱→𝐚 𝐱→𝐚 𝒉(𝒙) 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒉(𝒙) 𝒉(𝒂)
𝒙→𝒂
79
One day Virat, a friend of Rohit, explain him a direct application mehod to find the
derivative of polynomials. He explained that :
Let f(x) = an xn+ an-1 xn-1 + … + a1 x + a0 be a polynomial function, where a1s are all
real numbers and aa ≠ 0. Then, the derivative function is given by
𝒅𝒇(𝒙)
= 𝒏an xn - 1 + (n - 1) an -1 xn - 2 + … + 2a2 x + a1.
𝒅𝒙
After explaining the method, he ask these two questions to Rohit :
(a) Compute the derivative of : 5x100 - x48 + 1.
(b) Find the derivative of : f(x) = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + … + x50 at x = 1.
Help Rohit to solve these questions.
SOLUTION (VSA)
8 𝑰𝒙𝑰 −𝒙 1
LHL = 𝐥𝐢𝐦− 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙 = -1
𝐱→𝟎 𝐱→𝟎
𝑰𝒙𝑰 𝒙
RHL = 𝐥𝐢𝐦+ = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙 = 1 1
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙 𝐱→𝟎
= 1.1 = 1 1/2
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 10 + h) = 10
𝒉→𝟎 1/2
Q N SA SOLUTIONS MARKS
13 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟓𝒙
𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ]
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 𝟐𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟓𝒙
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ − + ]
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙 𝒙 𝒙 1
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟓𝒙
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ −𝟔 + 𝟓 ]
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙 𝟑𝒙 𝟓𝒙
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟓𝒙
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ] - 6 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ] + 5 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ]
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙 𝐱→𝟎 𝟑𝒙 𝐱→𝟎 𝟓𝒙
𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟓𝒙
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ] -6 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ] + 5 𝐥𝐢𝐦 [ ]
𝐱→𝟎 𝒙 𝟑𝐱→𝟎 𝟑𝒙 𝟓𝐱→𝟎 𝟓𝒙
1
= 1 - 6(1) + 5(1) = 0
1
14 Putting x = 3
𝒙𝟒 − 𝟖𝟏 𝟑𝟒 − 𝟖𝟏 𝟖𝟏 − 𝟖𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟓𝒙− 𝟑 = = 𝟏𝟖−𝟏𝟓− 𝟑= 𝟎 since, it is of the form 𝟎
𝐱→𝟑 𝟐(𝟑𝟐 )−𝟓(𝟑)− 𝟑
81
We simplify as 1
𝒙𝟒 − 𝟖𝟏 (𝒙𝟐 )𝟐 − 𝟗𝟐 (𝒙−𝟑)(𝒙+𝟑)(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗) (𝒙+𝟑)(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗)
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟓𝒙− 𝟑 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙𝟐 −𝟔𝒙 + 𝒙 − 𝟑 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝒙−𝟑)(𝟐𝒙+𝟏)
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟐𝒙+𝟏)
𝐱→𝟑 𝐱→𝟑 𝐱→𝟑 𝐱→𝟑 1
Putting x = 3
(𝟑+𝟑)(𝟑𝟐 + 𝟗) 𝟔 (𝟗+𝟗) 𝟔 (𝟏𝟖) 𝟏𝟎𝟖
= = = =
𝟐(𝟑)+ 𝟏 𝟔+𝟏 𝟕 𝟕
1
15 On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x. We get
𝒅𝒚 𝒅(𝟐𝒙𝟑 − 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟖 ) 𝒅 𝒅 𝒅 𝒅 𝟏
= =2 𝒅𝒙x3 - 4 𝒅𝒙x2 + 6𝒅𝒙 (x) + 𝒅𝒙(8) 1𝟐
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
16 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟑 𝟏 1
Let y = (𝒙 + 𝒙 )𝟑 = x3+ 3x (𝒙𝟐 ) +𝟑𝒙𝟐 (𝒙 )+ 𝒙𝟑 = x3 + 𝒙 + 3x + 𝒙𝟑
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x. We get
𝒅𝒚 𝒅 𝒅 𝟑 𝒅 𝒅 𝟏
= 𝒅𝒙 x3 + 𝒅𝒙(𝒙) + 𝒅𝒙 (3x) + 𝒅𝒙(𝒙𝟑 )
𝒅𝒙
𝒅 𝒅 𝒅 𝟏
= 𝟑𝒙𝟐 +3 𝒅𝒙x-1 + 3 𝒅𝒙 x + 𝒅𝒙x-3 1𝟐
𝟑 𝟑
=
𝟑𝒙𝟐 - 𝒙𝟐 + 3 - 𝒙𝟒
1/2
QN LA SOLUTIONS MARKS
18 𝒙𝟑 −𝟕𝒙 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙−𝟗 𝟎 1
When x = 3, the expression 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙𝟒 −𝟓𝒙 𝟑 + 𝟐𝟕𝒙−𝟐𝟕 assumes the form 𝟎
𝐱→𝟑
So, (x - 3) is a factor of numerator and denominator
Now, factorizing the numerator and denominator we get
𝒙𝟑 − 𝟕𝒙 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙 − 𝟗
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟒
𝐱→𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙 𝟑 + 𝟐𝟕𝒙 − 𝟐𝟕 2
( 𝒙−𝟑) ( 𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙+ 𝟑)
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙−𝟑) (𝒙𝟑 −𝟐𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 +𝟗)
𝐱→𝟑
( 𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙+ 𝟑) 𝟎
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝒙𝟑 −𝟐𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 +𝟗)form𝟎
𝐱→𝟑
( 𝒙−𝟑) ( 𝒙−𝟏)
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( 𝒙−𝟑) (𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒙 −𝟑) 2
𝐱→𝟑
( 𝒙−𝟏) 𝟑−𝟏 𝟐
= 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = =𝟗
𝐱→𝟑 (𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒙 −𝟑) 𝟗+𝟑−𝟑
19 𝒎𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒏, 𝒙 < 0
The given function is f(x) = {𝒏𝒙 + 𝒎, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟏,
𝒏𝒙 𝟑 + 𝒎, 𝒙 > 1
𝐥𝐢𝐦− f(x) = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝒎𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒏) = m(0)2 + n = n 1
𝐱→𝟎 𝐱→𝟎
𝐥𝐢𝐦 f(x) = 𝐥𝐢𝐦(𝒏𝒙 + 𝒎) = n(0) + m = m
𝐱→+ 𝐱→𝟎
82
20 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
Let f(x) = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 ,
By quotient rule,
𝒅 𝒅
(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙) (𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙)− (𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙) (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)
f’(x) = 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 2
(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)2
𝒅 𝒅 𝒅 𝒅
(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)[𝟒 (𝒙)+𝟓 (𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙)] − (𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙)[𝟑 (𝒙)+𝟕 (𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)]
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
= (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)2
(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)( 𝟒+𝟓 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙) − (𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙)(𝟑−𝟕 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙)
= 2
(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)2
𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟐 𝒙−𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙−𝟏𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐 𝒙
= (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)2
𝟏𝟓𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙−𝟏𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓
= (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)2
𝟏𝟓𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙−𝟏𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓( 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟐 𝒙)
= 1
(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)2
𝟏𝟓𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟖𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙−𝟏𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓
= (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)𝟐
𝒙 𝟑 − 𝟒𝒙 𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 𝒙 (𝒙−𝟐) 𝟐 𝒙(𝒙−𝟐) 𝟐( 𝟐 − 𝟐) 𝟎
Hence 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = = =0
𝐱→𝟐 𝒙 𝟐 −𝟒 𝐱→𝟐 (𝒙+𝟐)(𝒙−𝟐) 𝐱→𝟐 ( 𝒙 +𝟐) (𝟐 +𝟐) 𝟒
3.3
84
* * Mean x i
x
n
i i
fx
fi
a i i h, where a is the assumed mean , h is the class size and u i i
fu x a
f h
i
th
n 1
* * Median observatio ns arranged in ascending or descending order & the number of observatio ns
2
is odd.
th th
n n
mean of & 1 observatio ns arranged in ascending or descending order & the number
2 2
of observatio ns is odd.
n
cf
l 2 h where , l lower limit of median class, n number of observatio ns,
f
cf cumulative frequency of class preceding the median class, f frequency of median class,
h class size .
f1 f 0
* * Mode l h , where l lower limit of the modal class, h size of the class interval,
2f1 f 0 f 2
f1 frequency of the modal class, f 0 frequency of the class preceding the modal class,
f 2 frequency of the class succeeding the modal class.
** Measures of Dispersion: The dispersion or scatter in a data is measured on the basis of the observations
and the types of the measure of central tendency, used there. There are following measures of dispersion:
(i) Range, (ii) Quartile deviation, (iii) Mean deviation, (iv) Standard deviation.
** Range: Range of a series = Maximum value – Minimum value.
** Mean Deviation : The mean deviation about a central value ‘a’ is the mean of the absolute values of the
deviations of the observations from ‘a’. The mean deviation from ‘a’ is denoted as M.D. (a).
(i) For ungrouped data
1 n 1 n
M.D.( x ) x i x , where x Mean
n i 1
M.D.(M) x i x , where M Median
n i 1
(ii ) For grouped data
(a) Discrete frequency distributi on
n
fi x i x 1 n 1 n
M.D.( x ) i 1
n
fi x i x
N i 1
M.D.(M) xi M
N i 1
fi
i 1
85
fi x i x , u sin g x a i i h
1 n fu
M.D.( x )
N i 1 f
i
n
1 n cf
M.D.(M) x i M , u sin g M l 2 h
N i 1 f
Section A (MCQ)
Q.1 If the variance of the data is 121, the standard deviation of the data is:
Answer: (b) 11
Q.2Find the median of 36, 72, 46, 42, 60, 45, 53, 46, 51, 49.
A. 42 B. 45.5 C. 47.5 D. 45
Answer: C. 47.5
(a) Range = Max Value – Min Value (b) Range = Max Value + Min Value
(c) Range = (Max Value – Min Value)/2 (d) Range = (Max Value + Min Value)/2
(a ) 2 (b) 3 (c ) 4 ( d) 5
Answer : (b)
Q.5 If the mean of 1,3,4,5,7 is m ,the numbers 3,2,2,4,3,3,p have mean m-1 and median q then p + q is
Answer : (d) 7
Q.1 Assertion (A) The mean deviation about mean for the data 4,7,8,9,10,12,13,17,3.
Reason (R ) The mean deviation about the mean for 38,70,48,40,42,55,63,46,54 is 8.5.
Answer :- ( c )
Q.2 Consider the following data
xi 5 10 15 20 25
fi 7 4 6 3 5
Then, the mean deviation about the mean is 6.32.
Reason ( R ) Consider the following data
xi 10 30 50 70 90
fi 4 24 28 16 8
Then, the mean deviation about the mean is 15 .
Answer :- ( c )
Q.3 Assertion ( A ) The mean deviation about median calculated for series, where variability is very
high, cannot be fully relied.
Reason ( R ) – The median is not a representative of central tendency for the series where degree of
variability is very high.
Answer :- ( a )
Section B Short Answer Type Question( 2 Marks Questions)
Question 1. Find the mean deviation about the mean.
𝑥𝑖 5 10 15 20 25
𝑓𝑖 7 4 6 3 5
Find the mean deviation about the median for the data in Exercises 7 and 8.
Question 2.
𝑥𝑖 5 7 9 10 12 15
𝑓𝑖 8 6 2 2 2 6
Solution :-
87
Question 3.
𝑥𝑖 15 21 27 30 35
𝑓𝑖 3 5 6 7 8
Solution :-
Find the mean deviation about the mean for the data in Exercises 9 and 10.
Question 4.
Income per day 0-100 100-200 200-300 300-400 400-500 500-600 600-700 700-800
Number of persons 4 8 9 10 7 5 4 3
Solution:-
88
Question 5.
Heights ( in cm) 95-105 105-115 115-125 125-135 135-145 145-155
Number of boys 9 13 26 30 12 10
Solution :-
89
( 3 Marks Questions )
Question 1.
From the prices of shares X and Y below, find out which is more stable in value:
Question 2
Find the mean and standard deviation using short-cut method
𝑥𝑖 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68
𝑓𝑖 2 1 12 29 25 12 10 4 5
Solution :-
90
Find the mean and variance for the following frequency distributions in Exercises 13and 14.
Question 3
Classes 0-30 30-60 60-90 90-120 120-150 150-180 180-210
Frequencies 2 3 5 10 3 5 2
Solution :-
Question 4.
Classes 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequencies 5 8 15 16 6
91
Solution:-
Question 5.
Find the mean, variance and standard deviation using short-cut method.
Heights in cms 70-75 75-80 80-85 85-90 90-95 95-100 100-105 105-110 110-115
No. of children 3 4 7 7 15 9 6 6 3
Solution :-
92
Question 1.
The diameters of circles (in mm) drawn in a design are given below:
Diameters 33-36 37-40 41-44 45-48 49-52
No. of Circles 15 17 21 22 25
Calculate the standard deviation and mean diameter of the circles.
[Hint: First make the data continuous by making the classes as 32.5 – 36.5, 36.5 – 40.5, 40.5 – 44.5, 44.5 –
48.5, 48.5 – 52.5 and then proceed.]
93
Question 2: The mean and variance of 8 observations are 9 and 9.25 respectively. If six of the
observations are 6 , 7 , 10, 12 , 12 and 13 . Find the remaining two observations.
Solution :-
Question 3: The mean and variance of 7 observations are 8 and 16 respectively. If five of the
observations are 2 , 4 , 10 , 12 , and 14 . Find the remaining two observations .
Solution :-
94
Xi 2 5 6 8 10 12
fi 2 8 10 7 8 5
Based on the following data answer the following questions
I) Mean of the grouped data is (a) 7 (b) 7.5 (c) 8 (d) 8.5
II )Mean deviation about the mean is (a) 2.1 (b) 2.2 (c) 2.3 (d) 2.4
IV ) The mean deviation about mean is (a) 1.9 (2.0 (c) 2.2 (d)2.3
V ) The difference between mean and median is (a)0 .9 (b) 0.7 (c) 0.5 (d) 0.3
Q.2. You are given some observations as 34, 66, 30, 38, 44, 50, 40, 60,42, 51.
(i) The mean of the given data is (a) 40.5 (b) 45.0 (c) 45.5 (d) 50.50
(ii) The mean deviation about mean is (a) 10 (b) 9.5 (c) 9.1 (d) 9
(iv) The mean deviation about the median is (a) 8.0 (b) 8.3 (c) 8.5 (d) 8.7
(v) The difference between mean deviation about mean and mean deviation about median is
xi 4 8 11 17 20 24 32
fi 3 5 9 5 4 3 1
∑ fixi ∑ 𝑓𝑥 2
(𝑎) 𝑥̅ = (b) 𝑥̅ = ∑ fi xi ( c) 𝑥̅ = (d ) None of These
𝑁 𝑁
1 1 1
(a) 𝜎 2 = ∑ fi(xi − ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 (b) 𝜎 2 = ∑ fi(xi + ̅̅̅
𝑥)2 ( c ) 𝜎 2 = ∑ fi(xi − ̅̅̅
𝑥) (d) None of these .
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
( a) 10 (b ) 12 (c ) 14 (d) 15
Ans: (c)
1-. ASSERTION (A): 20 persons are sitting in a row, two of these persons are selected at random. The
probability that the two selected person are not together is 0.9.
REASON (R) : If Ā denotes the negation of event A, then P(Ā) 1 – P(A)
98
Ans: (a)
2-. ASSERTION (A): the probability of drawing either a king or an ace from a pack of 52 playing card is
2/13.
REASON (R) : For any two events A and B P (A∪ 𝐵 ) = P(A) + P(B) - P( A - B)
Ans: (c)
4-. There are three coins. One is two headed coin, another is based coin that comes up heads 75% of the times
and third is an unbased coin. One of the three coins is choosen at random and tossed, If shows head, what is
the probability that it was the two headed coin ?
Answer: 4/9
5-. Bag A contain 3 red and 5 black balls, white bag B contains 4 red balls and 4 black balls. Two balls are
transferred at random from bag A to bag B and then a ball is drawn from bag B at random. If the ball drawn
from bag B is found to be red, find the probability that two red balls where transferred from bag A to bag B.
1. Let the target is hit by A, B: the target is hit by B and C: the target is hit by A and C.
Then, the probability that A, B and, C all will hit, is:
(A) 4/5 (B) 3/5 (C) 2/5 (D) 1/5 [Correct answer is C]
2. What is the probability that B, C will hit and A will lose?
(A) 1/10 (B) 3/10 (C) 7/10 (D) 4/10 [Correct answer is A]
3. What is the probability that ‘any two of A, B and C will hit?
(A) 1/30 (B) 11/30 (C) 17/30 (D) 13/30 [ Correct answer is D ]
4. What is the probability that ‘none of them will hit the target’?
(A) 1/30 (B) 1/60 (C) 1/15 (D) 2/15 [Correct answer is B ]
5. What is the probability that at least one of A, B or C will hit the target ?
6. (A) 59/60 (B) 2/5 (C) 3/5 (D) 1/60 [Correct answer is A ]
CASE STUDY - 2
100
II. Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:
The reliability of a COVID PCR test is specified as follows:
Of people having COVID, 90% of the test detects the
disease but 10% goes undetecte. Of people free of COVID,
99% of the test is judged COVID negative but 1% are
diagnosed as showing COVID positive. From a large
population of which only 0.1% have COVID, one person is
selected at random, given the COVID PCR test, and the
pathologist reports him/
her as COVID positive.
(A) 11/5 (B) 4/15 (C) 1/5 (D) 1 [ Ans. Option (A) is correct.]
𝑘=2
Q.4. ∑𝑘=1 P( Ek) Equals :
(A) 1/3 (B) 1/5 (C) 1 (D) 3/5 [ Ans. Option (C) is correct.]
Q.5 What is the probability that the student knows the answer given that he answered it
correctly?
(A) 2/11 (B) 5/3 (C) 9/11 (D) 13/3 [ Ans. Option (C) is correct.]
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN JABALPUR REGION
BLUE PRINT
CLASS XI: SAMPLE PAPER 2023-24
SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS (041)
MATHEMATICS (041)
________________________________________________________________________________
General Instructions:
This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
i However, there are internal choices in some questions. You have to attempt only one of the
alternatives in all such questions.
ii Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 02 Assertion - Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
iii Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA) - type questions of 2 marks each.
vi Section E has 3 source based / case based / passage based / integrated units of
assessment (4 marks each) with sub parts.
vii Use of calculator is not permitted. You may ask for logarithmic tables, if required.
Page 1 of 11
SECTION – A
Direction (Q.1 - Q.18) - There are multiple choice type questions. Choose the correct
answer:
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
1 "The complement of the intersection of two sets is the union of their complements." 1
This statement is called:
(a) {(3,4), (3,7), (3,9), (8,4), (8,7), (8,9)} (b) {(4,8), (9,8), (7,8), (4,3), (9,3), (7,3)}
(c) {(8,4), (8,9), (8,7), (4,3), (9,3), (7,3)} (d) {(4,8), (9,8), (7,8), (3,4), (3,9), (3,7)}
3 If is the identity function and is the modulus function then which of the following 1
is true?
(a) ( )( ) { (b) ( )( ) {
(c) ( )( ) { (d) ( )( ) {
Page 2 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
6 In the figure given below, the point ( ) represents the complex number 1
. The length of line segment is called:
(a) Conjugate of .
(b) Modulus of .
(i) Every number in a row is the sum of the two numbers diagonally above it
(ii) Sum of the numbers in a row is equal to 2n
(iii) It is a triangular arrangement of numbers that gives the coefficients in the
expansion of any binomial expression, such as (x + y)n
(a) Only (i) and (ii) (b) Only (i) and (iii)
(c) Only (ii) and (iii) (d) All are true
9 If the Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean of two different positive real 1
numbers and are A.M. and G.M. respectively, then which of the following
is always true?
Page 3 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
10 The equation of straight line parallel to the at a distance 5 units below it is: 1
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
11 The coordinates of the centre and radius of the circle whose equation in standard 1
form is ( ) ( ) , are:
12 In the figure given below, the names of the planes 1, 2 and 3 are respectively: 1
(a) YZ ZX XY
(b) XY YZ ZX
(c) XZ YZ XY
(d) XY ZX YZ
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) (d) Does not exist
(d) Slope of the line passing through origin and the point ( ( ))
Page 4 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
17 If A and B are two mutually exclusive events then which of the following are true: 1
(i)
(ii) ( ) ( )
(iii) ( ) ( )
(iv) ( ) ( ) ( )
(a) Only (i) and (ii) (b) Only (ii) and (iii)
(c) Only (i) and (iv) (d) Only (iii) and (iv)
18 Three integers are chosen at random from 1 to 10. The probability that they are 1
non-consecutive is:
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
Page 5 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
19 Assertion (A): 1
If for any two sets and , then adjacent
Venn diagram represents correct relationship
between and .
20 Assertion (A): 1
In the given figure total number of rectangles of
any size is 150.
SECTION – B
Direction (Q.21 - Q.25) - This section comprises of very short answer type-questions (VSA)
of 2 marks each.
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
2
21 Using binomial theorem, expand ( )
OR
Using the binomial theorem, show that always leaves remainder 1 when
divided by 25.
Page 6 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
24 Find the coordinates of a point on y-axis which are at a distance of √ from the 2
point P (3, –2, 5).
SECTION – C
Direction (Q.26 - Q.31) - This section comprises of short answer type-questions (SA) of 3
marks each.
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
OR
28 Prove that: 3
√
Page 7 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
OR
SECTION – D
Direction (Q.32 - Q.35) - This section comprises of long answer type-questions (LA) of 5
marks each.
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
OR
√
Prove that:
(i) Find the equation of the line which intersects at a distance 2 units in 2
(iii) Find the angle between the and the line joining the points ( ) and 2
( ).
OR
Find equations of lines which pass through the point ( ) and the sum of its 5
intercepts on the axes is 14.
35 Calculate mean, variance and standard deviation for the following distribution. 5
Classes 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60 60 - 70 70 - 80 80 - 90 90 - 100
Frequency 3 7 12 15 8 3 2
Page 8 of 11
SECTION – E
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
36 Case-Study: Read the Case study given below and attempt (i), (ii) and any 4
one subparts of (iii):
Ravi, a student of class XI had been anxiously waiting for having a get together
with his classmates as he could not be with them for a stretch of two years in
Corona Period. He invited four of his best friends Amar, David, sheetal and Fatima
to his birthday party. After cutting cake they gathered to take a group photograph of
all of them sitting in a row.
37 Case-Study: Read the Case study given below and attempt (i), (ii) and any
one subparts of (iii): 4
Four persons Abdul , Kavita, Monika and Pramod are appearing in an interview to
get a job in a software company. Chances of Abdul’s selection are same as that of
Pramod. Chances of Kavita’s selection are double that of Abdul. Chances of
Monika’s selection are four times that of Abdul. One and only one among these are
sure to be selected.
Page 9 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
The intervals are defined as the set of all real numbers lying between two given real
numbers (end points / boundary points). It is a way of writing subsets of the set of
all real numbers. Based on the inclusion / exclusion of end points the intervals are
classified as – closed, open and semi closed / semi open intervals as shown in the
following table.
Page 10 of 11
Q. QUESTIONS MARKS
NO.
Intervals are sets so we can combine two or more intervals using set operations.
(i) To join the Indian Army under technical entry scheme the age of a candidate 2
must be more than 16½ years and not above 19½ years. Represent the age
limit using the interval.
Page 11 of 11
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, JABALPUR REGION
SAMPLE PAPER 2023-24
MARKING SCHEME
MATHEMATICS (041) CLASS: XI
SECTION - A
Q.NO. ANSWER SOLUTION MARKS
1 d De Morgan's Law 1
3 b ( )( ) 2 1
( )( ) ( ) ( ) | |
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
4 c 1 radian 1
5 c 1
6 b Modulus of 1
7 d All are true 1
8 a 26 1
●( ) has 52 terms all are positive
●( ) has 52 terms - 26 positive and 26 negative
● 26 negative terms of ( ) cancel with the 26
corresponding positive terms of ( )
● 26 positive terms of ( ) combine with 26
corresponding positive terms of ( )
9 d A.M. G.M. 1
10 a 1
11 a Centre: ( ), Radius: 4 1
15 d . . / / 1
16 a Median 1
Page 1 of 9
Q.NO. ANSWER SOLUTION MARKS
19 d A is false but R is true 1
20 a Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A 1
SECTION - B
Q.NO. SOLUTION MARKS
21 ( ) . / ( ) . / ( ) . / ( ) . / 1
(Simplifying) 1
OR
( ) ( ) 1
. / 1
½
½
½
OR
Equation of ellipse in standard form:
, √ √ ½
√
½
Foci: ( ) i.e. ( √ ) ½
24 A point on y-axis is ( ) ½
Page 2 of 9
Q.NO. SOLUTION MARKS
25 . / 1
( ) ½
½
SECTION - C
26 *( )( )( )( )+ 1
Domain: * +
1
Range: * + 1
27 Finding domain: 2 3 1
Separating 1
Finding range: 2 3 1
OR
Drawing the graph of: ( ) 1
Page 3 of 9
Q.NO. SOLUTION MARKS
28 ( ) 1
1
1
√ √
29 . /. / ( )(
. / ½
)
1
1
( ) ( )
( )
½
30 to terms
( to terms) ½
( to terms) ½
,( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) - ½
,( ) - ½
( ) ( )
0 1 0 1 1
OR
½
½
½
Getting ½
Getting 1
Page 4 of 9
Q.NO. SOLUTION MARKS
31
( ) ( ) ( )
1
( )
…….. (1)
(Applying quotient rule)
Calculation of ( ) ½
( )
OR
( ) ( )
……. (i) 1
Calculation of ( ) ½
Calculation of
½
Substituting in (1) and simplifying to get
1
Page 5 of 9
SECTION - D
Q.NO. SOLUTION MARKS
32 (As given) 1
(i)
1
√
. / √ 1
√
. /
(ii)
1
√
√
1
√
. /
OR
√
½
√
( ) ½
√
( ) 1
√
. / ½
√
( ) ½
√
( ) ½
√
( )
½
√
. /
½
√ ½
33 Let litres of 2% solution be added then total mixture = litres ½
Formation of inequality: 2% of 8% 640 4% of ( )
1
1
Formation of inequality: 2% of 8% 640 6% of ( ) 1
1
Hence the amount of 2% solution to should be more than 320 litres
½
but less than 1280 litres.
Page 6 of 9
34 (i)
intercept: ½
intercept:
Equation of line: 1
(Simplifying) ½
(ii)
( ) ( )
Distance | | units 1
√ ( )
(iii)
Slope of ½
Slope of line joining the points ( ) and ( )
½
Calculation of Angle 1
OR
intercept:
1
intercept:
Equation of line: 1
50 - 60 12 55 660 -7 49 588
60 - 70 15 65 975 3 9 135
For
70 - 80 8 75 600 13 169 1352 correct
variance
80 - 90 3 85 255 23 529 1587
-2
90 - 100 2 95 190 33 1089 2178 Marks
For
Calculation of Mean: ̅ ∑
correct
S.D. - 1
Calculation of Variance: ∑ Marks
Calculation of S.D.: √
Page 7 of 9
SECTION - E
36 (i) 1
(ii)
When Fatima is sitting at middle, the numbers of photographs are:
1
(iii)
When Ravi and Amar be sitting side by side, the numbers of
2
photographs are:
OR
When David and sheetal be sitting together, the numbers of 1
photographs are:
( )
(ii) ( ) ( ) 1
( ) ( ) ( )
Page 8 of 9
Q.NO. SOLUTION MARKS
38 (i) 2
(ii) , - ( ) 2
Page 9 of 9