Sensory Integration Poster - Case Smith

Sensory
Integration
WHAT IS SI? SENSORY INTEGRATIVE
PROBLEMS
Refers to a particular way of 1. Sensory modulation difficulty:
viewing the neural organisation Ability to generate response to
of sensory information for incoming stimuli
Sensory registration problems -
functional behaviour. Sensory Knowing when to pay attention to
input = NB for optimal brain stimulus vs when to ignore stimulus.
Sensation seeking behaviour -
development. Underresponsive (stomping when
walking, fall against objects,
excessive movements)
Overresponsiveness - Tactile
defensiveness, gravitational
SENSORY INTEGRATIVE insecurity
PROBLEMS CONT. 2. Sensory discrimination and
perception difficulty:
3. Vestibular-proprioceptive: Organization and interpretation of
Poor equilibrium reactions sensory stimuli
Low muscle tone (extensors) Tactile discrimination and
Poor left-right discrimination perception problems - Difficulty
Lack of hand dominance interpreting tactile stimulation. Poor
Poor bilateral coordination, integration eye-hand coordination and visual
and sequencing perceptual skills.
Poor motor planning Proprioceptive problems - Muscle
4. Praxis: and joint connection to the brain.
Ability to think, plan and execute non- Appear clumsy. Use too much or too
habitual tasks little force.
Ideational dyspraxia - Habitual and Visual-perceptual problems -
limited play, wander aimlessly Perception of visual skills
Somatodyspraxia - Avoid difficult motor
challenges
5. Secondary problems of SI difficulties:
Unpredictability of child’s behaviour =
frustrating for parents and teachers SI IN CHILDHOOD
Punsihment of behavioural issues leads to
decreased self-worth and self-esteem of DEVELOPMENT
the child
Negative influence on skill development Vestibular: Balance and gravity
with limited participation in childhood Tactile: Touch
occupations Proprioception: Muscle and joint
Lack of ability to play with peers affect to brain connection
social skills in a group setting Too much sensory stimulation =
stress and anxiety
Sensory
Integration
n
TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN
ASSESSMENT FOR SI WITH SI PROBLEMS
Interviewing caregivers 1. Individual Ayres Sensory
Integration intervention
and teachers Present activity challenges
Informal observation aimed at improving spesific
integration problems
Ayers clinical observation Balance between structure and
freedom of play
2. Training in specific skill
development
Short-term coping strategies
Poor handwriting skills improved
EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF OT with practise instead of working
1. Increase in the frequency and duration of
on proprioceptive feedback
adaptive responses 3. Group intervention
Responds to environmental challenges with Provides opportunity to see how
success sensory integrative problems
2. Development of increasingly more complex disrupts social participation
adaptive responses
Adaptive responses vary in quality, complexity
4. Modifications of activities,
and effectiveness routines and environments
Continuously presenting activities slightly Education on the nature of the
above the child’s previous accomplishments problem helps parents and
3. Improvement in gross and fine motor skills teachers to better understand
Making consistent and more complex adaptive
responses = mastery of skills
and help the child
4. Improvement in cognitive, language or Construct daily routines
academic performance Home programmes
Disturbing stimuli is better tolerated allowing
for better engagement and performance
5. Increase in self-confidence and self-esteem
Enhanced ability to make adaptive responses
allows the child to experience the joy of
accomplishing MEASURING OUTCOMES
6. Enhanced occupational engagement and
social participation Goal attainment scaling(GAS):
Ability to master self-care tasks, to cope with Prioritise goals that are
daily routines and organise behaviour relevent to individuals and
7. Enhanced family life
When parents better understand behaviour,
families.
they are more likely to generate strategies Allows for comparison of
for organising family routines in a way that achievement accross different
supports the entire family system types of goals.

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