MOTION IN ONE-DIMENSION

1. A particle travels A to M along a straight line with a

velocity of 8 m/s and M to A with a velocity of 2 m/s, then the
average velocity for the whole journey is –
(A) 3.2 m/s (B) –5 m/s (C) –3.2 m/s (D) 0 m/s
Answer: (D)
Average Velocity = Total Displacement
Time Taken

Total displacement from ‘A’ to ‘M’ and then back from

‘M’ to ‘A’ is zero.
∴ Average Velocity is zero

2. A car travels first 1/3 of the distance AB at 30 km/hr, next

1/3 of the distance at 40 km/hr, last 1/3 of the distance at 24
km/hr. Its average speed in km/hr for the whole journey is -
(A) 40 (B) 35 (C) 30 (D) 28
Answer: (C)

Average Speed = TotalDis tance Covered

Total time taken
= D
T1 + T2 + T3

D D D
=T1 = ; T2 = ; T3
3 × 30 3 × 40 3 × 24

1
 ∴ Average Speed = D
D
D D
= 30Km / hr
+ +
90 120 72

3. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the ground. It

crosses a point at the height of 25 m twice at an interval of 4
secs. The ball was thrown with the velocity of
(A) 20 m/sec. (B) 25 m/sec (C) 30 m/sec. (D) 35 m/sec.
Answer: (C)
The ball took 2 sec to reach top
most point from 25 m height point
∴ Its speed at 25 m height point is
20 m/sec
( 0= V – 10 ×2 ⇒ v = 20 m/sec)
Applying v= u + 2as from ground
2 2

level to 25 m height point we have

(20)2 = u2 + 2( −10) × 25

⇒ u = 30 m/sec

4. From the velocity time graph of a

particle moving in straight line decide which
of the following is/ are incorrect statement(s)
(A) the particle crosses its initial position

2
 (B) the acceleration of the particle is
constant
(C) the force on the particle is constant
(D) the speed of the particle increases
continuously
Answer: (D)
Speed of particle linearly
decreases to zero at t = T0 and then
increases linearly again.

5. A particle moves along X-axis in such a way that its x-

coordinate varies with time t according to the equation: x = (6 –
4t + 6t2) metre. The velocity of the particle will vary with time
according to the graph

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Answer: (A)
dx d
V = = (6 − 4t + 6t 2 ) =−4 + 12t
dt dt

3
 ∴ V = 12t – 4
So, v-t graph is a straight line with slope 12 and y-intercept
equal to – 4.

6. The position–time (x–t) graphs for two

children A and B returning from their school O
to their homes P and Q respectively along
straight line path (taken as x axis) are shown in
figure below.
Choose the incorrect statement:
(A) A lives closer to the school than B
(B) A starts from the school earlier than B

(C) A and B have equal average velocities from 0 to t0.

(D) B overtakes A on the way
Answer: (C)
‘A’ lives closer to school than ‘B’. So, their displacement
in time interval 0 to t0 are different. Hence, their average
velocities are not equal.

4
7. Figure shows the position of a x (m)
20
particle moving on the x-axis as a
10
function of time. Choose the wrong
statement 0 2 4 6 8 t (s)

(A) The particle has come to rest 4

times
(B) The maximum speed is at t = 4 s
(C) The average velocity is zero for
t = 2s to t = 6s
(D) Motion of particle is non-
uniformly accelerated.
Answer: (B)
At t = 4 sec, slope of x – t curve is zero. Hence, velocity is
zero at t = 4 sec.

8. Velocity time graph of the two cars Car B

starting at the same point is shown. Find velocity

10m/s Car A
the time after which the two cars will meet 30°

again Time(second)

(A) t = 10 sec (B) t = 20 3 sec

(C) t = 20 sec (D) t = 25 sec

5
Answer: (B)
For same displacement area under the
curve will be equal A1 = A2
1
10t0 = 2
× t0 × (t0 tan30°)
t0 = 20 3 sec
This is the required time after which to
car will again meet.

9. Two cars A and B are travelling towards each other on a

single-lane road at 24 m/s and 21 m/s respectively. They notice
each other when 180 m apart and apply brakes simultaneously.
They just succeed in avoiding collision, both stopping
simultaneously at the same position. Assuming constant
retardation for each car, the distance travelled by car A while
slowing down is
(A) 96 m (B) 84 m (C) 67 m (D) 113 m
Answer: (A)
Distance travelled = 24t0
+ 21 t0 = 45 t0
⇒45t0 = 180 m
⇒t0 = 4 seconds
∴ Distance translated by
A is

6
 24t0 = 24 × 4 = 96 m

10. The velocity-time graph of a body

travelling along a straight line is given
below. The distance travelled and
displacement of the body are
respectively
(A) 6m, 0 (B) 6m, 3m
(C) 6m, – 3m (D) 0, 0

Answer: (A)
For the given v- t curve.
Distance travelled = A1 + A 2 + A 3

Displacement = A1 − A 2 + A 3

∴ For the given question

Distance travelled =
1 1
(2 + 4)(1) + × 3 × 2 = 6 m
2 2

1 1
Displacement = 2
(2 + 4)(1) − × 3 × 2 =
2
0

7
11. Figure shows the velocity time graph
of a particle. Its average velocity in 20
seconds will be:
(A) 10 m/s (B) 0 m/s
(C) 3.75 m/s (D) 15 m/s

Answer: (C)
Total displacement = Area under v – t curve
1
= 2
(10 + 20)(5) = 75 m

∴ Avg. velocity = Totaldisplacement

Time taken
= 75
20
= 3.75 m/sec

12. A particle passes through point A and B which are 90 m

apart. It takes 6 s to cover this distance with uniform
acceleration. Velocity of particle when it passes through B point
is 20 m/s. What is initial velocity at point A?
(A)10 m/s (B)30 m/s (C)15 m/s (D) 20 m/s
Answer: (A)
1 1
S =ut + at 2 =(v − at)t + at 2
2 2
( u= v − at) =
1
vt − at 2
2

1 5
∴ 90 = 20 × 6 = 2
a × 62 ⇒ a=
3
m / s2

8
 5
∴ u = v – at = 20 − × 6
3
= 10 m/sec

13. Two balls X and Y are thrown from top of tower one
vertically upward and other vertically downward with same
speed. If time taken by them to reach the ground is 6 sec and 2
sec respectively, then the height of the tower and initial speed of
each ball are (g = 10 m/s2)
(A) 60 m, 15 m/s (B) 80 m, 20 m/s
(C) 60 m, 20 m/s (D)45 m, 10 m/s
Answer: (C)
From the information provided we can
conclude that the ball thrown upwards will
return to the top of tower after 4 sec.
∴ 0 = u – 10 × 2 (V = u +
at)
⇒ u = 20 m/sec
1
Also, H = 20 × 2 +
2
× 10 × 22

= 40 + 20 = 60 m
∴ (C)

9
14. A thief is running away on a straight road in jeep moving
with a speed of 9 ms-1. A police man chases him on a motor
cycle moving at a speed of 10 ms-1.If the instantaneous
separation of the jeep from the motorcycle is 100 m, how long
will it take for the police to catch the thief
(A) 1 s (B) 19 s (C) 90 s (D) 100 s
Answer: (D)
The policeman is approaching the thief @
1 m/sec.
So, he will cover the gap of 100 m in 100
sec.

15. Two trains one of length 100 m and another of length 125
m, are moving in mutually opposite directions along parallel
lines, meet each other, each with speed 10 m/s. If their
acceleration are 0.3 m/s2 and 0.2 m/s2 respectively, then the time
they take to pass each other will be
(A) 5 s (B) 10 s (C) 15 s (D) 20 s
Answer: (B)
To cross, x + x = 225 m
A B

i.e,
1 1
(10t + × 0.3t 2 ) + (10t + × 0.2t 2 )
2 2

= 225 m

10
 t2
⇒ + 20t =
225
4

⇒ t = 10 sec
It can also be solved by using
1
S=
rel urelt + arelt 2
2

16. A particle, initially at rest, starts moving in a straight line

with an acceleration a= 6t + 4m / s . The distance covered by it in 3 s
2

is
(A) 30 m (B) 60 m (C) 45 m (D) 15 m
Answer: (C)
u=0
dv
a
= = 6t + 4
dt

v t
⇒ ∫=
0
dv ∫ (6t + 4)dt
0

⇒ v–0= 3t 2 + 4t ⇒ v = 3t2 + 4t
dx
v
= = 3t 2 + 4t ⇒ dx (3t 2 + 4t)dt
=
dt

x 3
⇒ ∫ dx
=
0 ∫0
(3t 2 + 4t)dt

3
⇒ x  t 3 + 2t 2 
=
0

⇒ x = 45 m

11
17. A rocket is fired upward from the earth’s surface such that
it has an acceleration of 19.6 m/sec2 .If after 5 sec its engine is
switched off, the maximum height of the rocket from earth’s
surface would be (g = 9.8 m/sec2)
(A) 245 m (B) 490 m (C) 980 m (D) 735 m
Answer: (D)
Speed of rocket after 5
sec.
V = 0 + 19.6 × 5 = 98
m/sec
1
S1 = 0×5 +
2
× 19.6 × 52 = 245
m
For 2
S2 : v= u2 + 2a s

0 (98)2 + 2( −9.8)S2
=

⇒ S2 = 490m

∴H max = S1 + S2 = 735m

12
18. A man in a balloon rising vertically with an acceleration of
4.9 m/sec2 releases a ball 2 sec after the balloon is let go from
the ground. The greatest height above the ground reached by the
ball is (g = 9.8 m/sec2)
(A) 14.7 m (B) 19.6 m
(C) 9.8 m (D) 24.5 m
Answer: (A)
Just before Releasing:
(a) Velocity of stone = Velocity
of balloon
(b) Acceleration of stone =
Acceleration of balloon
Just After Releasing:
(a) Velocity of stone = velocity
of balloon
(b) Acceleration of stone = 9.8
m/s2 downwards
Height at which stone is released = H
1
= 0×2 +
2
× 4.9 × 22

Velocity with which stone is released

=V

13
 = 0 + 4.9 × 2 = 9.8 m/sec
∴ Hmax above ground level = H+
v2
2g
= 9.8 +
(9.8)2
2 × 9.8
= 14.7 m

19. A body falls freely from rest. It covers as much distance in

the last second of its motion as covered in the first three
seconds. The body has fallen for a time of
(A) 3 s (B) 5 s (C) 7 s (D) 9 s
Answer: (B)
Lets assumes that the body fell for T second
Distance travelled in last second (Tth sec) = ST th

1 1
ST th = u + a(2T − 1) = 0 + × g(2T − 1)
2 2

1 9
Distance travelled in first three seconds = 2
× g × 33 = g
2

9g g
∴=2 2
(2T − 1) ⇒ T = 5 sec.

14
20. A lift is going up. The variation

Velocity (m/sec)
3.6

in the speed of the lift is as given in

the graph. What is height to which 2 10 12
Time (sec)
the lift takes the passenger
(A) 3.6 m
(B) 28.8 m
(C) 36.0 m
(D) Cannot be calculated from the above graph
Answer: (C)
Displacement = Area under v – t graph
1
= 2
(8 + 12)(3.6) = 36 m

21. The figure shows the velocity of υ

a particle plotted against time t O t

T 2T

(A) The displacement of the

particle is zero
(B) The particle changes its
direction of motion at some
point
(C) The initial and final speeds
of the particle are same
(D) All of the above statements are correct
Answer: (D)
Area enclosed is equal to zero
15
 ∴ Net displacement = 0
From t : [0, T), particle’s velocity was in negative direction
and from t: (T, 2T]in positive.
Also, initial and final speeds are same.

22. The v–t plot of a moving object 5

Velocity (ms-1)
is shown in the figure. The average 0
Time (sec)

velocity of the object during the first

5 10

–5
10 seconds is
(A) 0 (B) 2.5 ms–1
(C) 5 ms–1 (D) 2 ms–1
Answer: (A)
Displacement in 10 sec = 0
∴ Avg. velocity = 0

23. A particle goes A to M with a speed of 30 km/hr. and M to

B with a speed of 50 km/hr. If MB = 5AM, the average speed in
km/hr for the whole journey is –
(A) 45 km/hr (B) 40 km/hr (C) 36 km/hr (D) 34 km/hr
Answer: (A)
Avg. speed = 6x
x 5x
+
30 50

16
= 45 km/hr

24. A bullet fired into a fixed target loses half of its velocity
after penetrating 3 cm. How much further it will penetrate
before coming to rest assuming that it faces constant resistance
to motion ?
(A) 3.0 cm (B) 2.0 cm (C) 1.5 cm (D) 1.0 cm
Answer: (D)
2
V
For 1 3 cm :
st 2
 2  = v + 2a × 3
 

−V 2
⇒ a=
8

Let’s assume it further penetrates ‘d’ cm

2
V
2
0   + 2a d
=
2

V2  −V 2 
0
⇒= + 2 d
4  8 

⇒ d = 1 cm

17
25. The relation between time t and distance x is t = ax2 + bx
where a and b are constants. The acceleration is
(A) –2abv2 (B) 2 bv3 (C) –2 av3 (D) 2 av2
Answer: (C)
=t ax 2 + bx

Differentiating w.r.t. time we have

dx  dx 
=1 a(2x) + b 
dt  dt 

or 1 = 2a x v + bv  dx 
 v = dt  (1)
 

Again differentiating w.r.t. time we have

 dx   dv    dv 
0 2a   V + x 
=   + b 
 dt   dt    dt 

 dx   dv    dv 
or 2a   v + x    + b  
 dt   dt    dt 

dV
(2a x + b) −2av 2
=
dt

dV −2av 2
=
dt 2ax + b
= −2av 3

 2ax + b =
1
v  from (1)
 

18
26. The graph of displacement-time for a body S
A
travelling in a straight line is given. We can
conclude that – O B t

(A) the velocity is constant

(B) the velocity increases uniformly
(C) the body is subjected to acceleration from
O to A
(D) the velocity of the body at A is zero
Answer: (D)
Slope of the given curve is zero at point A

27. If the displacement of a particle varies with time as x = t +

7, the -
(A) velocity of the particle is inversely proportional to t
(B) velocity of the particle is proportional to t2
(C) velocity of the particle is proportional to t
(D) the particle moves with a constant acceleration
Answer: (D)
x= t + 7

⇒ x =t 2 + 14t + 49

dx
V= = 2t + 14
dt

dV
a=
dt
= 2 m/s2

19
28. A bus starts from rest with an acceleration of 1 m/sec2. A
man who is 48 m behind the bus starts with a uniform velocity
of 10 m/sec, then the minimum time after which the man will
catch the bus is -
(A) 12 sec (B) 8 sec (C) 10 sec (D) 4.8 sec
Answer: (B)
The initial position (at t = 0)
of Bus and man are shown. Lets
assume that the man catches bus
after ‘T’ seconds
S=
man SBus + 48m

10T =  1 2
 0 × T + 2 × 1× T  + 48 ⇒ T 2 − 20T + 96 =
0
 

⇒ (T – 8) (T – 12) = 0
⇒ T = 8,12 sec

29. A 150 m long train is moving with a uniform velocity of 45

km/h. The time taken by the train to cross a bridge of length 850
meters is
(A) 56 sec (B) 68 sec
(C) 80 sec (D) 92 sec
Answer: (C)
5
Speed train = 45 ×
18
=12.5 m/sec

20
 To cross the bridge the train has to cover 1000 m
1000
∴ Time taken = 12.5
= 80 sec

30. If the velocity of a particle is (10 + 2t2) m/s, then the

average acceleration of the particle between 2s and 5s is
(A) 2 m/s2 (B) 4 m/s2
(C) 12 m/s2 (D) 14 m/s2
Answer: (D)
V( 2 sec) = 10 + 2 × 2 = 18 m/sec
2

V (5 sec) = 10 + 2 × 5 = 60 m/sec
2

Vf − Vi 60 − 18
∴
= a =
∆t 3
= 14 m/s2

31. A particle moves along the x–axis in such a way that its
coordinate (x) varies with time (t) according to the expression
x = 2 – 5t + 6t2 m. The time t is in second.
The initial velocity of the particle is
(A) –5 m/s (B) –3 m/s (C) 6 m/s (D) 3 m/s
Answer: (A)
x = 2 – 5t + 6t2

21
 ∴ v= dx
dt
= -5 + 12 t
Initial velocity means velocity at t = 0
∴ vinitial = -5 m/s

32. The velocity of a body depends on time as

v = 20 + 0.1 t2
The body has
(A) uniform acceleration (B) uniform retardation
(C) non – uniform acceleration (D) zero acceleration
Answer: (c)
v = 20 + 0.1 t2
∴ dv dt
= a = 0.2 t
Acceleration depends on time.

33. If the relation between distance x and time t is of the form

t = α x2 + β x
α and β are constants. The retardation of the particle is
(v = velocity)
(A) 2αv3 (B) 2 βv3 (C) 2 αβv3 (D) 2 β2v3
Answer: (A)
t = αx2 + βx
∴ dx = 2αx + β
dt

or v= 1
2 αx + β

22
 Now a = v
dv
dx
= v(− 1)(2 αx + β )− 2 . 2α = -2 α v3
∴ Retardation = 2 α v3

34. The initial velocity of a particle is u and acceleration is

given by at. Which of the following relations for the final
velocity v is valid?
(A) v = u + at2 (B) v = u + 21 at2 (C) v = u + at (D) v = u
Answer: (B)
v t
dv
dt
= at ⇒ ∫ dv = ∫ atdt
u 0

⇒ v–u= 1 2
2
at

∴ v=u+ 1 2
2
at

35. A ball is released from a height h above the ground. It takes

a time T to reach the ground. Where is the ball at the time T/2
(A) at a height h/4 from the ground
(B) at a height h/2 from the ground
(C) at a height 3h/4 from the ground
(D) none of these
Answer: (C)
h = 21 gT
2

s=
2
1 T  h
g  =
2 2 4

∴ Height from the ground = h - h 3h

4
=
4

23
36. A car covers a distance of S on a straight road in 3 hours
and then returns to the initial point in four hours. Then, its
average velocity is
(A) S/7 (B) 2S/5 (C) 0 (D) S/2+S/3

Answer: (C)
Total displacement 0
Average velocity= = = 0.
Time 3+ 4

37. A particle is rotating in a circle of radius r. The distance

traversed by it in completing half circle would be
(A) r (B) πr (C) 2πr (D) Zero
Answer: (B)
Distance travelled by particle = Semi-circumference = πr.

38. The displacement-time graph of a moving particle is shown

below. The instantaneous velocity of the particle is negative at
the point

D
displacement

C E F

(A) C (B) D (C) E (D) F

Answer: (A)
Slope is negative at the point E.

24
39. A stone falls freely from rest and the total distance covered
by it in the last second of its motion equals the distance covered
by it in the first three second of its motion. The stone remains in
air for
(A) 6 s (B) 5 s (C) 7 s (D) 4 s
Answer: (B)
(2n − 1) or 2n – 1 = 9 or 2n = 10 or n = 5 s.
1 g
g × 3 ×=3
2 2

40. The displacement-time graphs of two moving particles

make angles of 30 and 45 with the x-axis. The ratio of the
two velocities is
displacement

30o
45o
time

(A) 3 : 1 (B) 1: 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 1: 3

Answer: (D)
tan 30° 1
= + 1= 1: 3
tan 45° 3

41. A train is moving with a velocity of 30 ms–1. When brakes

are applied, it is found that the velocity reduced to 10 ms–1 in

25
240 m. When the velocity of the train is zero, the distance
travelled is
(A) 220 m (B) 240 m (C) 250 m (D) 270 m
Answer: (D)
180 5
102 − 302 =2 × a × 240 or a =− ms−2 =− ms−2
480 3
 5 100 × 3
02 − 102 =2  −  S or S = m =30 m
 3 10

Total distance = (240 + 30) m = 270 m

42. A particle is moving on a circular path of radius R with

constant speed v. Average acceleration of particle during half
cycle of its motion is
2
a) v
R
b) Zero
2
c) v
Rπ
2v 2
d)
Rπ
Answer: (D)

 ∆v 2v 2
a=
av =
t πR

43. A wheel covers a distance of 9.5 km in 2000 revolutions.

The diameter of the wheel is
(A) 15 m (B) 7.5 m (C) 1.5 m (d) 7.5 m

26
Answer: (C)
Distance= n(2π r) ⇒ 9.5 × 10
= 3
2000 × ( πD)
= ⇒D 9.5 × 103
= 1.5 m.
2000 × π

44. A particle moves along a circle with a uniform speed v.

After it has made an angle of 60o its speed will be
(A) v 2 (B) v (C) v (D) v
2 3

Answer: (D)
Uniform speed means speed of the particle remains always
constant.

45. A particle is moving along a circular path of radius 2 m and

with uniform speed of 5 ms–1. What will be the change in
velocity when the particle completes half of the revolution
(A) Zero (B) 10 ms–1 (C) 10 2 ms−1 (D) 10 / 2 ms−1

Answer: (B)

θ  180o 
∆v =2v sin  = 2 × 5 sin  o
= 2 × 5 sin90 = 10m / s
2
   2 

27