3 Lecture Distributive Bargaining

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Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023

Understand the role of


Describe strategies and
positions, concessions,
tactics of distributive
commitment and ‘BATNA’
bargaining.
within negotiations.

The use and countering of


Consider the ‘patterns of
‘hardball’ negotiation
concession’
tactics.

Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023


Distributive Bargaining

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Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023 This image by unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
Buyer’s view

Seller’s (speculating) Resistance Point


What the buyer *INFERS* as the seller’s
walking away price. Asking price
Seller asks for £8,000
£??????
Target point
Buyer’s Resistance
AKA aspiration point. This is what the Point
buyer would like to pay. This should be
slightly above the (speculated) walk away AKA Reservation
point of the seller. point. This is the point
the buyer will walk
£7,400 away.

£7,800
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
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Conceptualising distributive bargaining system
The spread between the resistance points is called the bargaining
range (OR Zone Of Potential Agreement (ZOPA).

This is the area where the bargaining takes place.

Any offer outside this range will be rejected by one party of the other.
First offer in this range between the (speculated) Resistance
point, but below the buyer’s Target point.

Seller’s Resistance Point. Target point


Buyer's Resistance point

£7,000 This is what the buyer would like to pay


First offer should be close to the £7,800
Resistance
£7,400 point (but not below it), but
below the target point, to give room to
compromise. Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023

Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023


Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023


Conceptualising distributive bargaining system (cont)

Settlement

35.000

10.000

Seller’s Resistance Point. Seller’s BATNA Buyer’s BATNA


Buyer's Resistance point

£7,000 The seller could sell The buyer could buy


£7,800
to another person another car.
£7,500 £7,700

Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023


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Negative bargaining range
There can be no agreement and negotiations will stalemate unless one
party can be convinced to move their Resistance Point.

Parties do not know each others’ Resistance points, so it may not become
clear that there is a negative bargaining range until negotiations have
already started.

Buyer's Resistance Seller’s


point Resistance
Point.
£7,500
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
£8,000

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Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023

Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023


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Final Offers: “I’ve conceded about all I can give”

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Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023





Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023
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Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023


Created by: Dr Scott Tindal, 2023

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