Lesson 1
Lesson 1
Lesson 1
Concept of IPs
Etymology
Definition
Nuclear testing
appropriation of land due to urbanization, roads, tourism, and development
extractive industries
Dam construction
free market policies
Drug trafficking/addiction, and alcoholism
Diseases
War and genocide
environmental damage by corporations or states or other institutions
propaganda, media passing on erroneous information
deleterious government policies
forced assimilation
migration
Climate or environment change
Language death
ASIA
Ainu of Japan
- mainly lived along Hokkaido’s warmer southern coast and traded with the Japanese
- after the Meiji Restoration (about 150 years ago), people from mainland Japan started
emigrating to Hokkaido
- have light skin, a stout frame, deep-set eyes with a European shape, and thick, wavy hair
- comprise a distinct ethno-religious group in Iraq, although official Iraqi statistics consider them
to be Arabs
- descendants of ancient Mesopotamian peoples, Assyrians speak Aramaic and belong to one of
four churches: the Chaldean (Uniate), Nestorian, Jacobite or Syrian Orthodox, and the Syrian
Catholic.
Kazakhs of Russia
- descendants of the ancient Turkic Kipchak tribes and the medieval Mongolic tribes
Uygur of China
- a Turkic ethnic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the general region of Central
and East Asia
Tibetans of China
- composed of a number of related ethnic groups sharing linguistic and cultural similarities.
- Some of these include the Ü-Tsang of Central Tibet, the tent-dwelling Drokpa nomads of the high
plateau and the Khambas
- may number anywhere between 5 million and 7 million people in Tibet and the neighboring
provinces of Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan.
- According to the official 2010 Census, Tibetans comprise roughly 90.5 per cent of the population
of the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), or around 3 million Tibetans, with Han Chinese making
up 8.17 per cent
- Hmong people are an ethnic group that lives throughout East and Southeast Asia.
- majority of the Hmong live in China, where they are known as the "Miao", while significant
Hmong populations also live in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and the United States.
- Karen are an ethnic group who have resided in Burma for over two thousand years and were one
of the first inhabitants of the region. Many of the Karen have fled Burma due to religious and
ethnic persecution by the government
- 'Shan' is a generic term for all Tai-speaking peoples within Myanmar (Burma)
- one of the major tribes of Tripura . Chakmas are known to be a tribe of South-East Asia
- first migrated to Arakan Hill of Myanmar and then Chittagong Hill tracts of Tripura
- A major part of them however migrated to Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh in course of time
from their original home land
- Chakma derives from the Sanskrit word sakthimaha, which means powerful and great
The Kurds of Iraq, Iran, Syria, Turkey, and parts of the former Soviet Union
- an Iranian ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which
spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria
- Homeland for the Kurdish people is the Zagros and Taurus mountain ranges of the Middle East
known as Kurdistan (“place of the Kurds”). The area overlaps with Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Syria, and
parts of the former Soviet Union.
- Kurds refer to the area of Kurdistan located in Turkey as “Northern Kurdistan;” in the area of Iran
as “Eastern Kurdistan;” in Iraq as
- They derive their collective culture and personality from life on these 10,000 feet massifs and
make claim to this region long before the Arabs entered Mesopotamia and 3,000 years before
the Turks arrived in Anatolia.
- Like the Persians, Kurds are of Indo-European origin and linked ethnically and historically with
much of Persian history.
- Kurds today have no official country, though they are said to be one of the largest and oldest
ethnic groups in the world … and the largest group of ethnic people without a country
AFRICA
Kung San of the Kalahari Desert of Botswana, Angola, Namibia, Berbers of Morocco
- simple foragers
-Nomadic
- San peoples who live mostly on the western edge of the Kalahari desert, Ovamboland (northern
Namibia and southern Angola), and Botswana
Hadzabe of Tanzania
- adza, or Hadzabe (Wahadzabe in Swahili), is a Tanzanian indigenous ethnic group mostly based in
the southwest Karatu District of the Arusha Region
- Known for shunning material possessions and social hierarchy, the Hadza roam as needed to find
game, tubers, and wild berries
- a Nilotic ethnic group inhabiting northern, central and southern Kenya and northern Tanzania.
- They are a member of the Nilo-Sahara family of languages related to the Nuer, Kalenjin and
Dinka
- Maasai community is internationally known for their distinctive culture, rituals, ‘high jumping
dance’, custom dress, and being courageous warriors
- descendants of many Bantu ethnic groups primarily from the Niger-Congo region of Africa (Gure,
2018).
- Brought to Somalia in the 19th century by Arab slave traders, Bantus endured centuries of
oppression in the horn of Africa as agricultural laborers
Ogoni in Nigeria
- minority ethnic people who live in the Western Niger Delta Region of southern Nigeria
- During the 1970s, Ogoniland, or the Ogoni Nation, became part of the Rivers State of Nigeria.
There are approximately 500,000 Ogoni who represent less than 0.05 percent of Nigeria's 100 to
120 million people
- inhabit the Saharan regions of North Africa - Niger, Mali, Libya, Algeria and Burkina Faso
- call themselves Imohag, translated as free men. No one knows the true origin of the Tuareg,
where they came from or when they arrived in the Sahara
- Maori people are well known for their distinctive traditional full-body and facial tattooing
- Māori are the indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand, they settled here over 700 years ago.
They came from Polynesia by waka (canoe)
- among the first humans to migrate out of Africa, across the coastlines of India and Asia until
reaching the shores of Australia
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders are not one homogenous group – they are a diverse group
of hundreds of nations (or cultural groups) and clans within those nations
- Indigenous people of the northern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula and large parts of the Kola
Peninsula and they live in Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia
- an indigenous ethnic group, endemic to the northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the
Kola Peninsula in Russia
American Indians
- American Indian or Alaska Native” refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples
of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or
community attachment
- The word Inuit means "the people" in the Inuit language of Inuktitut. The singular of Inuit is Inuk
- historically lived throughout the Aleutian Islands, the Shumagin Islands, and the far western part
of the Alaska Peninsula, with an estimated population of around 25,000 prior to European
contact.
- First Nation” is a term used to describe Aboriginal peoples of Canada who are ethnically neither
Métis nor Inuit.
- This term came into common usage in the 1970s and '80s and generally replaced the term
“Indian,” although unlike “Indian,” the term “First Nation” does not have a legal definition
- a native culture that lives in the Andean highlands, a plateau known as Altiplano. With a
population of about three million, they are distributed between Bolivia, Southern Peru, and,
Northern Chile
- a native culture that lives in the Andean highlands, a plateau known as Altiplano. With a
population of about three million, they are distributed between Bolivia, Southern Peru, and,
Northern Chile