Akanmu, A. O., Alhaji Bulama, Y., Balogun, S.T. and Musa, S. (2019).

Antibacterial
activities of aqueous and methanol leaf extracts of Solanum incanum Linn. (Solanaceae)
against multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates. African Journal of Microbiology
Research, 13(4):70-76.
Akanmu, A. O., Sodipo, O. A., Sandabe, U. K., Shamaki, B. U., Balogun, S. T. and Jubrin, J.
(2021). Novelty-induced behavior and memory enhancing activities of aqueous and
ethanol extracts of Solanum incanum Linn. fruits in mice. African Journal of Pharmacy
and Pharmacology, 15(2):33-42.
Alamri S. A. and Moustafa F. (2012). Antimicrobial properties of 3 medicinal plants
from Saudi Arabia against some clinical isolates of bacteria. Saudi Medical Journal,
33(3):272-277.
Auta R. and Ali I. (2011). Nutritional and chemical value of Solanumincanum (bitter
garden egg). International Journal of Tropical Medicine Public Health. 1(1): 96-107.
Bodart P., Kabengera C., Noirfalise A., Hubert P. and Angenot L. (2000). Determination
of α solanine α chaconine in potatoes by high performance thinlayer
Chromatography/densiometry. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical
Chemists International. 83(6):1468-1473.
Britto S. J. and Senthinkumar S. (2001). Antimicrobial activities of Solanumincanum
leaf extract. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology andEnvironmental Sciences,
3(1-2) 65-66.
Buznego, M. T. and P´erez-Saad, H. (2004). Acute effect of an extract of Ambrosia
paniculata (Willd.) O. E. Schultz (mugwort) in several models of experimental epilepsy.
Epilepsy and Behavior, 5(6): 847–851.
C.I.O.M.S.andI.C.L.A.S.(2012): Council for International Organization of Medical
Sciences and the International Council for Laboratory Animal science.
http://iclas.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/CIOMS-ICLAS-Principles-Final.pdf
Habtamu A., Tamene G. and Adane H. (2014). Phytochemical investigation on the
Roots of Solanumincanum, Hadiya Zone. Ethiopia Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies,
2(2):83-93.
Haruna S. S., Ahmed O. and Abdullahi S. K. (2016). Phytochemical, Proximate and
Mineral Analyses of Solanumincanum Fruit. International Journal of Chemical,
Materialand Environmental Research, 3(1): 8-13.
Indhumathi T. and Mohandass S. (2014). Efficacy of Ethanolic extract of
Solanumincanum fruit extract for its antimicrobial activity. International Journal of
Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(6): 939-949.
Liu, L. F., Liang, C. H., Shiu, L. Y., Lin, W. L., Lin, C. C.and Kuo, K. W. (2004).
Action of solamargine on human lung cancer cells-enhancement of the susceptibility of
cancer cells to TNFs. FBS Letters, 577(1-2) 67-74.
Lorke, D. (1983). A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Archives of
Toxicology, 53:275-287.
Maurias, M. (2004). Resveratrol analogues as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors:
synthesis and structure activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem. 12: 5571e5578.
Mbamalu, Socrates. "Nigeria has a mental health problem". www.aljazeera.com.
Retrieved 2021-12-14.
Mbaya B. and Muhammed S. (1976). Antibiotic action of Solanum incanum L.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 6:920-927.
MitaliG. and Palash, M. (2012). Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of
Two Selected ‘bihi’ Fruits Used as Vegetables in Darjeeling Himalaya. International
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4: 567-574.
Mwonjoria J. K., Kariuki H. and Waweru F. N. (2011). The antinociceptive antipyretic
effects of Solanumincanum (Lin.) in animal models.International
Journal ofPhytopharmacy, 2(1): 22-26.
Mwonjoria J. K., Ngeranwa J. J., Kariuki H. N., Githinji C. G., Sagini M. N. and
Wambug S. N. (2014). Ethno medicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of
Solanumincanum (Linn.). International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2:
(2):17-20.
OECD (2001). OECD Guideline for the testing of chemicals.Acute oral toxicity—acute
toxic class method: test no-423. Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development.
Okoduwa S.I.R., Umar I. A., James D. B., Inuwa H. M. and Habila J. D. (2016).
Evaluation of extraction protocols for anti-diabetic phytochemical substances from
medicinal plants. World Journal of Diabetes, 7(20):605-614.
Peng, W. H., Hsieh, M. T., Lee, Y. S., Lin, Y. C. and Liao, J. (2000). Anxiolytic effect
of seed of Ziziphus jujuba in mouse models of anxiety. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,
72(3): 435–441.
Regassa A. (2000). The use of herbal preparations for tick control in Western Ethiopia.
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 71(4): 240-244.
Sadeghnia H. R., Darbarpanah S. and Hosseini S. M. (2011). Effect of berberine on
pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in rats. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 1(2):78-
82
Schlumpf M., Lichtensteiger W., Langemann H., Waser P.G. and Hefti F. (1974). A
fluorimetricmicromethod for the simultaneous determination of serotonin, noradrenaline
Siddamma A., Suresha R.N. and Vaibhavi P. S. (2014). Evaluation of analgesic activity
of benzapril in albino mice. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, 6(2): 326-328
Steru, L., Chermat, R., Thierry, B. and Simon, B. (1985).The tail suspension test: A
method for screening antidepressants in mice. Psychopharmacology, 85: 367-370.
Tapsell L.C., Hemphill I., Cobiac L., Patch C.S., Sullivan D.R., Fenech M., Roodenrys
S., Keogh J.B., Clifton P.M., Williams P.G., Fazio V.A. and Inge K.E. (2006). Health
benefits of herbs and spices: the past, the present, the future.Medical Journal Australia,
185(4):4-24
Taye B., Giday M., Animut A. and Seid A. (2011). Antimicrobial activity of selected
plants in traditional treatment of wounds in Ethiopia. Asian Pacific
Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1(5): 370- 375.
Vogel, H. G. and Vogel, W. H. (1997). Drug Discovery and Evaluation:
Pharmacological Assays. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag;224-238.
Grisold, W., Dodick, D. W., Guekhi, A., Lewis, S. and Wijeratne, T. (2023). The World
Federation of Neurology World Brain Day 2023. Correspondence, 22(8):652
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00240-5
Osok, J., Kigamwa, P., Stoep, A. V., Huang, K. Y. and Kumar, M. (2018). Depression
and its psychosocial risk factors in pregnant Kenyan adolescents: a cross-sectional study
in a community health Centre of Nairobi. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1):136.
Tekwem, H. D., Ngah, E., Guiama, V. D., Touo’yem, N. W. S., Sidiki, N. and Bum, E.
N. (2022). Anxiolytic and antipyretic effects of the aqueous extract of the leaves
of Solanum aethiopicum (Solanaceae) in the white mouse Mus musculus Swiss
(Muridae). GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19(02): 300–307.
Onyemelukwe C. (2016). Stigma and mental health in Nigeria: Some suggestions for
law reform. Journal of Law, Policy, and Globalization, 55: 63–68.
Auta, R., James, S. A., Auta, T. and Sofa, E. M. (2011). Nutritive value and
phytochemical composition of processed Solanum incanum (bitter garden egg).
Scientific World Journal, 6 (3): 5-6.
Oladele, A. T., Cyril –Olutayo, C. M. and Elufioye, T. O. (2012). Ethnobotanical survey
of plants used as memory enhancer and antiaging in ondo state, Nigeria. International
Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2(1): 26-32.
Olatunji, P. B., Fasola, R. T. and Onasanwo, S. A. (2016). Ethnobotanical Survey of
Plants Used as Memory Enhancer in Three States of Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of
Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6 (09): 209-214.
Mahendran, G. and Narmatha Bai, V. (2014). Micropropagation, antioxidant properties
and phytochemical assessment of Swertia corymbosa (Griseb.) Wight ex C. B. Clarke. A
traditional folklore medicinal plant. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36: 589–603.
World Mental Health Day: How outdated legislation, COVID-19 worsen situation in
Nigeria". 2021-10-10. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
Yun-Lian L., Wan-Yi W., Yuenh-Hsiung K. and Chich-Fu C. (2000). Nonsteroidal
Constituents from Solanumincanum L. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society,
47(1):247-251.