Unit 1
Unit 1
978-1-108-64781-6 — Open World First Student's Book without Answers with Online Practice
Anthony Cosgrove , Deborah Hobbs
Excerpt
More Information
GETTING STARTED
1 Look at the headlines of the magazine
articles. What do you think the articles
HEALTHY
are about? Which would you be most
interested in reading?
3
headline are they discussing?
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P WEAK FORMS: THE SCHWA /ə/ 5 004 Look at the sentences and underline the
schwa sounds. Then listen and check your answers.
One of the most common vowel sounds in English is the
1 It’s time for dinner.
schwa /ə/. It is an unstressed (weak) sound that can typically
2 It’s a health and fitness book.
be found in connected speech when pronouncing articles,
prepositions, conjunctions and auxiliaries. For example: 3 How long has she worked there?
We’ve got plenty of time. 4 I can play tennis on Saturday.
I get a bit of heartburn. 5 We’ve got quite a lot of work to do.
VOCABULARY
HEALTH AND FITNESS
1 Read an extract of Mauro’s blog. Does he lead a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle?
I love eating junk food and for years I overdid it. I mean, I used to eat junk food
every week and was about five kilos overweight. Not quite obese, but I was getting
there. Anyway, I went hiking with some friends, and I just couldn’t keep up. My legs
were aching after the first day and it was a bit embarrassing to be honest! So, when
I got back, I decided to start keeping track of what I ate by recording it in a food
diary. I realised I needed to cut down on processed food, like all those burgers I was
eating! I monitored the amount of salt I was consuming too – just to make sure I kept it
within a reasonable limit. And, I started exercising: walking to work instead of taking
the bus, that type of thing, and then, after about 12 months, I decided I’d like to run a
marathon. Yeah, I know! It was hard work, all that training, but I was really pleased
with my rate of progress and, well, I ran my first one last month in under four hours!
2 Match the words in bold in the blog with the 4 After a few hours of playing basketball, your muscles
definitions (1–7). can really start to .
5 After on the amount of coffee I was drinking,
1 reduce the amount of something
I started to sleep much better.
you consume
6 I use an app to of how many calories I
2 stay level or equal with someone
consume each day.
3 recording something over a period of time
7 The at which he recovered from his illness
4 too heavy was quite remarkable.
5 did or used too much of something
6 the speed at which something happens 4 Imagine you are going to interview someone who has
7 having a continuous pain that is unpleasant recently made a healthy lifestyle change. Using the
but not strong health and fitness vocabulary to help you, write five
questions to find out about this change.
3 Decide what type of word is needed for each
gap (1–7). Then complete the sentences using the Why did you decide to make a healthy lifestyle change?
words in bold in Exercise 2. You may need to change 5 Work with a partner. Student A is the interviewer
the tense or word form. and asks Student B their questions from Exercise 4.
1 You’re training too hard at the gym. If you keep Student B, imagine you have recently made a healthy
it, you may get injured. lifestyle change. Answer Student A’s questions.
2 He decided to go on a low-fat diet as he was a little Then swap roles.
.
3 I went jogging with my brother yesterday. He ran too
fast and I couldn’t .
1 2 3
1 Work with a partner and answer the questions. 3 Read the texts again. For questions 1–5 on page 17,
choose from the texts (A–D). The texts may be chosen
1 Look at the photos. In what ways are the photos similar
or different? How would you describe the people’s more than once.
lifestyles?
4 In what ways do you admire the people in the texts?
2 Do you know anyone who has a similar lifestyle to the
people in the photos? 5 Choose a person from the texts. Research them online
and note down a few interesting facts. Tell your group.
2 Read the short texts quickly. Match the photos (1–3) As a group, decide who you most admire and why.
with the texts (A–D). Which person isn’t shown in
the photos?
NO AGE, NO LIMIT
A Dr Peggy Styles C Doreen Pechey
At 86, Peggy Styles has become the oldest ever person to Doreen, who had to rethink her diet and fitness
graduate from Bristol University. To say it was an uphill plan when she took up ballet at 61, became the
struggle at times is an understatement. Midway through oldest ballerina in Britain to pass the Royal
her program, Peggy needed to take a few years out to rest Academy Grade 6 dance exam just ten years
after suffering severe kidney failure. At one stage, it was later. The semi-retired electrical engineer, who
touch and go whether she’d make it. Although Peggy’s despite recently having knee replacement
physical health suffered and she even had to learn to walk surgery, is now back on her feet and claims to
again, it appears her brain continued to function have more agility than ever. In fact, she believes
effectively. The title of her dissertation for her doctorate without ballet she’d have been out of action for
was, “Changing perceptions: higher education amongst some time. Not only that, Doreen has dropped
elderly populations” and, although it took eight years to two dress sizes too. Although in her 70s, Doreen
complete, Peggy has confessed that she’s now hooked has chosen to train with teenagers who don’t
on writing and research. appear to mind the age difference at all. And,
why should they?
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takes time out to relax? 1 1 Work with a partner and answer the questions.
tries to keep their brain and body
1 What’s the difference between mental and physical
in good health? 2
health?
is the most senior person to have 2 What are two ways someone might stay mentally
graduated from university? 3 active and two ways they might stay physically active?
has become addicted to what they 3 Why is it important to stay in good physical and
are doing? 4 mental shape?
VOCABULARY
IDIOMS
2 005 Listen and decide which question Maria is
1 Match the expressions in red in the texts with the answering.
correct definitions.
1 What do you think these people like about these
A to be well again after an illness types of food?
B to stay physically healthy 2 Why have these people chosen to eat these types
C an uncertain situation of food?
D to rest for a period of time 3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of
E to stay mentally active eating in these different ways?
2 Complete the second sentence with a phrase from 3 005 Look at the words and phrases in the box.
Exercise 1 so that it has a similar meaning to the first Listen again and tick the words and phrases
sentence. Use between two and five words for each Maria uses.
sentence, including the word in bold. The first one
has been done for you. both looks as though the same as even though
looks like though instead of neither
1 He’s now well again after his recent operation. unlike looks as if rather than while
BACK
He’s now back on his feet after his recent
operation. 4 Read the responses from candidates completing
2 I’ve been doing a lot of puzzles to stay mentally active. Part 2 of the Speaking exam. Correct the mistake
SHARP in each response.
I’ve been by doing a lot of
1 At the first photograph, you can see a picture of two
puzzles.
people eating in a restaurant.
3 She feels much better after resting for two weeks
2 The second photo appears to show a woman eat on
in Italy.
a bus.
RECHARGE
3 It looks as two people are enjoying a meal together
After for two weeks in Italy, she in the first photo.
feels much better.
4 I think the woman eats a burger or a sandwich in
4 I stayed physically active by running in the local park. the second photo.
SHAPE 5 A lot of people tend being quite busy at work, so
I ran in the local park . they don’t have much time to eat.
5 Work in pairs.
A
LISTENING
UNDERSTANDING DISTRACTORS
1 Look at the photos of health and fitness apps and
answer the questions.
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Diet Exercise Work Although not impossible, it is arguably more challenging to stay in shape these days
because of the changes in our diet, a lack of physical activity and increased levels
of stress.
4 Read the essay question Even though foods high in vitamins and minerals are available in most shops, people
and model answer. Which, tend to be busier now and often prefer eating junk food rather than a balanced meal.
Despite its convenience, junk food is very unhealthy and consuming too much can
if any, of your ideas in
lead to serious health issues.
Exercise 3 have been Nowadays, people tend to use their cars instead of walking, even for short journeys.
included? As a result of this change, people are getting less and less exercise. Therefore,
they have less opportunity to build their muscles and burn calories.
Finally, due to our fast-paced lifestyles, people are under more pressure to work
longer hours than ever before. Working parents, for example, have little time to relax,
which means they risk suffering from illnesses such as stress.
To sum up, I agree that it is more difficult to be fit and healthy in modern society.
However, with the right attitude to eating, exercise and work, it is possible to protect
our physical and mental well-being.
Focus on structure
1 Does the writer cover the two compulsory points in the notes?
2 What is the writer’s own idea?
3 In which paragraph does the writer give his/her own opinion?
4 What phrase does the writer use to conclude the essay?
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1 Despite hate carrots, he tried to eat one or two digestion nutrition posture stamina well-being
portions with his dinner each week.
2 The government is encouraging kids to walk to
school, however it might take them half an hour
or more.
Date: 20th August–25 August
th
3 It’s important to eat organic food on a daily
basis. However, this can be quite expensive. Instructor: Gavin
4 Tatiana prefers to run in her local park, rather Location: Green Meadows
pay money to go to the gym.
List of activities
5 Despite writing down her weekly food intake on
paper, Martina used an app. Day 1:
Day 2:
3 Write your answer for the essay question below.
Day 3:
Day 4:
In your English class, you have been talking Day 5:
about health and fitness. Now your English
teacher has asked you to write an essay.
3 009 Listen again. Make notes about the types of
Young people these days tend to be less
activities they will do each day.
interested in their health. Do you agree?
Notes 4 Which day would you most and least prefer and
Write about: why? Go online and research other activities that
1 Technology are provided by boot camps. What should someone
2 Food consider when choosing a boot camp?
3 (your own idea)
EXAM FOCUS
READING AND USE OF ENGLISH PART 7
You are going to read an article in which four people discuss health and fitness. For questions 1–10,
chose from the people, (A–D). The people may be chosen more than once.
A Oleg C Anthony
I’d never been one to worry about what I ate or how I’ve always loved food and even as a child I was never a
active I was, and in my 20s and 30s it didn’t seem to fussy eater, so I think it’s definitely possible to eat what
matter. I was slim, and I looked fit, even if I drank too you want and be a professional athlete. Of course,
much coffee and never actually exercised. Then I don’t eat all the junk food I used to have as a kid, but
suddenly, my clothes were tight, and I got out of breath I’m not going to stop myself having a treat if I really want
walking up the shortest of hills – it was only when I it. I just don’t get the obsession athletes have these
turned 40 the reality of my poor physical condition days with protein shakes and energy drinks as I think
started to hit home. I’m trying to do something about it our bodies are designed to get everything they need
now but it’s a struggle to get motivated. I’ve joined a from real food. I tend to watch what I eat in the lead up
gym, but I’ve only been once over the past few months to a big competition but other than that I listen to my
as I’ve got such a busy schedule. It’s regrettable that I body. I train for six hours a day and on my days off when
didn’t do more when I had the chance, but I think I’ve I need to rest, you’ll find me baking in the kitchen,
left it too late now. which, unsurprisingly, my family really appreciate.
B Bruno D Marcus
Everyone assumed I could do it, although I was a little Friends and acquaintances say that as a personal
uncertain, and it wasn’t easy changing my diet and how trainer and cyclist I must be on a strict diet but that’s just
active I was. At first, I underestimated how critical it is to not the case. I try to avoid processed food and cook
get into a routine and how easy it would be to make everything from fresh. In fact, I do most of the cooking
excuses. I’d started to slip into old unhealthy habits when I’m at home, although I don’t always have a lot of
when someone I’m close to suggested I sleep in my time these days. At school, I avoided anything which
running gear, so I didn’t have any excuses when I woke involved any sort of physical activity and was quite
up in the morning and as crazy as it sounds, it worked. overweight. But I really got into cycling when I was
Anyway, my hard work paid off in the end and I’m in watching the Olympic Games one year, and thought I’d
better condition now than I was thirty years ago. give it a go. The training was almost impossible initially,
Who says retired people like me can’t get in shape! as I was so out of shape, but I was determined to make
positive changes and I’m glad I stuck with it.
Which person
1 believes it’s possible to be unhealthy without being overweight?
2 says that people are unaware of what he eats?
3 was surprised by how unfit he had become?
4 is healthier now than when he was a child?
5 does not agree with the changes to the diets of sportspeople?
6 did not allow challenges to stop him from improving his health?
7 believes a friend helped him succeed?
8 wishes he had taken more care of his health when he was younger?
9 had not realised the importance of planning when he trained?
10 uses cooking to help them relax?
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WRITING PART 1
EXAM FACTS EXAM TIPS
• You need to write between 140–190 words. • Read the essay question and notes carefully in order to understand
• You must write about the two points in the notes what you need to write about.
as well as your own idea. • Make sure that your ideas are relevant to the essay question.
• Allow time at the start to plan your essay.
• Make sure that you include your own personal opinion to
the question.
In your English class you have been talking about health and fitness. Now your English teacher has
asked you to write an essay.
Write an essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view.
There are lots of ways that technology can help us to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Do you agree?
Notes
Write about:
1 diet
2 exercise
3 … (your own idea)
Write your essay. You must use grammatically correct sentences with accurate spelling and
punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation.
EXAM FOCUS
SPEAKING PART 2
Student A
Talk about your two photographs for one minute. The photographs show people eating food in different situations.
Compare the photographs and say what you think these people like about eating food in these situations.
Student B
Do you prefer eating at home or at a restaurant?
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SPEAKING PART 2
Student B
Talk about your two photographs for one minute. The photographs show people using technology while exercising.
Compare the photographs and say how these things might help these people while exercising.
Student A
Which sports do you enjoy doing?
BEING ACTIVE IN …
ZURICH
1 Read the travel advice about how to prepare for a trip abroad. Complete the advice
with the correct verbs in the box.
find make sure need pack read refer to subscribe take out
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2 Find the words and phrases in the sentences in 5 If you are prescribed medication, it’s important that
Exercise 1 which mean the following. you can understand the label. Read the label on the
bottle and match the phrases with the
1 a treatment, usually an injection, to prevent
a disease correct meanings.
2 a document showing an agreement you 1 It might make you feel sleepy.
have made with an insurance company
3 the amount of money you pay for using your 2 Take two tablets a day.
phone in another country
4 luggage that you are allowed to take on 3 Speak to a doctor if you don’t feel better.
an aeroplane
5 a document or card that allows you to enter
4 Don’t take more or less than you are told to.
or leave a country
6 notifications or warnings often sent to your
5 You may feel sick as a result of taking the medicine.
phone or email
LIFE COMPETENCIES
INFORMATION
CREATING NEW CONTENT, SYNTHESISING
8 Work in groups and choose a city. Go online and
research health and fitness information for
travellers. Make notes and share what you’ve
learnt with the class.