UKMT - JMC - Junior Mathematical Challenge 2013 - Solutions

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<h4><strong>[PDF] UKMT - JMC -
Junior Mathematical Challenge 2013 - Solutions.pdf | Plain Text</strong></h4>
UK J UNIOR M ATHEMATICAL C HALLENGE
THURSDAY 25th APRIL 2013 Organised by the United Kingdom Mathematics Trust from the
School of Mathematics, University of Leeds http://www.ukmt.org.uk SOLUTIONS LEAFLET
This solutions leaflet for the JMC is sent in the hope that it might provide all
concerned with some alternative solutions to the ones they have obtained. It is not
intended to be definitive. The organisers would be very pleased to receive
alternatives created by candidates. The UKMT is a registered charity <br><br>1.
EAll of the alternatives involve subtracting a number from 1. The largest result,
therefore, will correspond to the smallest number to be subtracted, i.e. 0.00001.
2. ETheir average height is . 2.1+1.4 2m=1.75 m 3. CTriangle is isosceles, so .BC
D∠BC D=∠BDC=65° The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is so .180° ∠CBD=
(180−2×65 )°=50° Therefore (vertically opposite angles). So . ∠ABE=50° ∠AEB= (180 −
90 − 50 )°=40° 65° x° A BC D E 4. CDistance travelled = average speed × time of
travel, so Gill travelled between 15 km and 20 km. Of the alternatives given, only
19 km lies in this interval. 5. DThe diagram shows the four lines of symmetry. 6.
A. ((1−1)−1 ) − (1−(1−1) ) =(0−1)−(1−0)=−1−1=−2 7. DLet the number of balls
collected by Roger be . Then Andy collects balls and Maria collects balls. So ,
i.e. , i.e. . So Andy collected 16 balls.x2x (2x−5)x+2x+2x−5=35 5x=40x=8 8. AThe
number 3 on the top ruler (which is 7cm from the left-hand end) aligns with the 4
on the bottom one (which is 6cm from the right-hand end). Thus . L=7+6=13 9. BLet
there be boys and girls in the family. Then Peter has sisters and brothers. So .
Louise has sisters and brothers. So . Therefore , i.e. . So .bg g (b−1)g=3(b−1)
(g−1)b g−1=2b2b+1=3b−3b=4g= 9 Therefore there are 4 boys and 9 girls in the family,
i.e. 13 children in total. 10. EThe top and bottom faces of the stack and the two
touching faces form two pairs of opposite faces. So the total number of pips on
these four faces is . Therefore the total number of pips on the top and bottom
faces of the stack is . 2×7=14 14−5=9 11. CAfter Usain has run 100 m, his mum has
run 50 m and Turbo has ‘run’ 10 m. So the distance between Usain's mum and Turbo is
40 m. 12. EFigure itself is a hexagon. There are three hexagons congruent to ; two
hexagons congruent to ; four hexagons congruent to ; two hexagons congruent to . So
in total there are twelve hexagons.ABEFGJ ABC LI J ABDM H J ABC K I J ABDLH J A
BCDEc d e f g KLj <br><br>13. DAfter the first coat, half of the paint is left. So
after the second coat, the volume of paint remaining is one third of half of the
capacity of the tin, i.e. one sixth of three litres = 500 ml. 14. BLet the two
equal sides of the isosceles triangle have length and the other side have length .
Then . Since the sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than
the length of the third, . Hence . So , i.e. . Also since . So the possibilities
are ; ; ; and .a b2a+b=20 2a>b 4a>2a+b4a>20a>5a1ABC DE4+6x 2+10x7+5x6+6x1+11x4+6x1
7+5x<br><br>21. CAs 5 is a prime number, it must lie in a rectangle. So the only
possibility is the rectangle which covers the top row of the grid. Now consider 6:
there is insufficient room for a rectangle so it must lie in a rectangle. There are
only two such rectangles which include 6 but do not5×1 6×13×2 2 34 5 6
LQFOXGH#HLWKHU###RU######,I###FRPHV#LQ#WKH#PLGGOH#RI#WKH#WRS#URZ#RI#D#
UHFWDQJOH#WKHQ#WKHUH#LV#VSDFH#IRU#D# #UHFWDQJOH#LQFOXGLQJ#####%XW#WKHQ#WKHUH#LV
QRW#HQRXJK#VSDFH#IRU#D#UHFWDQJOH#LQFOXGLQJ#####6R###PXVW#EH#SODFHG#LQ#WKH
UHFWDQJOH#VKRZQ###7KHUH#LV#QRZ#LQVXIILFLHQW#URRP#WR#SODFH###LQ#D# #UHFWDQJOH
VR#LW#PXVW#OLH#LQ#WKH# #VTXDUH#VKRZQ##ZKLFK#LQFOXGHV#WKH#VKDGHG#VTXDUH##7KLV
OHDYHV#WKH#JULG#WR#EH#FRPSOHWHG#DV#VKRZQ##×3 3×1 4×1 2×2 22. EThe diagram shows the
totals of the rows and columns. The circled numbers are the total of the numbers in
the two main diagonals. Note, by considering the average values of the rows and
columns, that each should total 34. Row 2 and column 2 are both 2 short. So their
common entry, 13, needs to increase by 2. So 13 must be interchanged with 15. (This
9 4 14 76 13 1 123 10 8 1516 5 11 2 34 32 36 3434 32 34 36 32 34 change also
reduces row 4 and column 3 by 2 and increases the main diagonal by 2, thus making
all the sums equal 34 as desired.) So the sum of the numbers to be swapped is 28.
23. DLet the points awarded for a win and a draw be and respectively. Then . The
only positive integer solutions of this equation are , and , . However, more points
are awarded for a win than for a draw so we deduce that 5 points are awarded for a
win and 3 points for a draw. So the number of points gained by my sister's team
is .wd 7w+3d=44w=2 d=10w=5d=3 5×5+2×3=31 24. BEach of the overlapping areas
contributes to the area of exactly two squares. So the total area of the three
squares is equal to the area of the non-overlapping parts of the squares plus twice
the total of the three overlapping areas i.e. . (117+2(2+5+8))cm 2 =(117+30)cm 2
=147 cm 2 So the area of each square is . Therefore the length of the side of each
square is 7 cm.(147÷3)cm 2 =49 cm 2 25. CBy arranging the tiles in suitable
positions it is possible to place the spotted square in any one of four corners of
the steel sheet and then to place the grey square in any one of the other three
corners. The other two corners will then be occupied by black squares. So, in
total, there are different looking installations.)1×1 4×3=12 <br><br>
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