Connected Speech
Connected Speech
Connected Speech
Phonology
Contents
01 Connected Speech
02 Types of Connected Speech
1 Connected Speech
3
Connected Speech
Many non-native speakers of English believe they should
smoother which is the key for having a natural and fluent speech.
Connected Speech
Linking and speaking fast are not the same thing! You don’t need
to speak fast. When native speakers link words, they are not
necessarily speaking faster. The speech is just smoother, and less
choppy.
are linking words because this will force you to slow down at the
right place, and it will make your speech more easily understood.
1
3
Types of Connected Speech
The main features of connected speech include:
1. Linking = joining sounds together
2. Assimilation = change in a sound
3. Gemination = ignoring two identical sounds
4. Intrusion = adding an extra sound
Linking
When a word ends in a consonant and the next word begins with a
vowel, connect the final consonant to the next vowel, making it sound as
if the second word starts with a consonant.
written spoken
1. He takes a bus to work. He takesə bus tə work.
2. They wrote a letter to the president. They wrotesə letter tə thə president.
4. She runs or swims every day. She runsər swims every day.
Linking
1. Good evening. Have a good evening.
2. Hold on. Please hold on a minute.
3. good idea That’s a really good idea.
4. I like it. I like it a lot.
5. speak English Do you speak English?
6. cup of coffee I’d like a cup of coffee.
7. Just a minute. I’ll be there in just a minute.
8. where are Where are you from?
9. there are There are a lot of people here.
10. kind of I’m kind of hungry.
Linking with article “an”
1. I ate an apple and an orange.
2. I have an iPad and an iPhone.
3. I made an offer to buy an amazing house.
4. He has an American accent.
5. Give me an honest answer.
6. That’s an interesting question.
7. That’s an unbelievable story.
8. That’s an unusual situation.
9. I live in an apartment.
10. I’ll be there in an hour.
Linking -ing + Vowel
1. a. What are you planning on doing tonight?
b. Nothing special. Just hanging out with some friends. Are you going out?
a. No, I think I’ll be staying in and watching a movie.
3. a. Keep practicing.
b. You’re right, I need to.
Exercise 9: Gemination
1. a. I believe eronica speaks panish. 4. a. You’ll ove it.
b. Of course she does. She’s from exico. b. I suppose o.
p
a. That makes ense.
5. a. It was a fun ight, but I need to go.
2. a. When’s the big ame? b. Let’s tay a little onger.
b. Either this aturday or this unday. a. You stay, I’ll eave with em.
a. Do you think they’ll ose? b. Okay then, I’ll eave too.
b. I hope not.
3. a. Keep racticing.
b. You’re ight, I need to.
Intrusion
When a word ends in a vowel sound and the next word begins with
a vowel sound, they are connected with either a slight /y/ sound or
a slight /w/.
Insert /w/ when the word ends in the sounds /ʊ/, /aʊ/, /oʊ/.
Insert /y/ when the word ends in the sounds /i/, /aɪ/, /eɪ/.
2. a. Who is he?
b. He is the announcer.
4. a. Do I need to do it?
b. No, I already did it.
Exercise 10: Intrusion
1. a. Why yare you so w upset?
b. I yam not!
w
2. a. Who is he?
b. He yis the yannouncer.
4. a. Do w I need to do w it?
b. No, I yalready did it.
Exercise 11: Intrusion
/u/ + vowel = /w/ /eɪ/ + vowel = /y/
1. l knew it! 1. His ideas are way out there.
2. Just do it! 2. Say it again please.
3. Let's go to Amy's place. 3. Hey Ellen!
4. Blue is my favorite color. 4. He wants to play again.
5. We flew over the blue ocean. /i/ + vowel = /y/
/oʊ/ + vowel = /w/ 1. He invited me to the party.
1. Go away. 2. The gifts are for me and my family.
2. I have no idea. 3. I saw a bee and a butterfly.
3. Although I go there often, I don’t like it. 4. We agree with you
4. He hunts with a bow and arrow.
5. There's no snow anywhere.
Exercise 11: Intrusion
/u/ + vowel = /w/ /eɪ/ + vowel = /y/
1. l knew w it! 1. His ideas are way yout there.
2. Just do w it! 2. Say yit again please.
3. Let's go to w Amy's place. 3. Hey yEllen!
4. Blue w is my favorite color. 4. He wants to play yagain.
5. We flew w over the blue w ocean. /i/ + vowel = /y/
/oʊ/ + vowel = /w/ 1. He yinvited me to the party.
1. Go w away. 2. The gifts are for me yand my family.
2. I have no w idea. 3. I saw a bee yand a butterfly.
3. Although w I go there often, I don’t like it. 4. We yagree with you.
4. He hunts with a bow w and arrow.
5. There's no snow w anywhere.
Exercise 11: Intrusion
/aɪ/ + vowel = /y/
1. That's my aunt Suzie.
2. Hi Ellen!
3. I need to buy a new coat.
4. You and I are buddies.
Exercise 11: Intrusion
/aɪ/ + vowel = /y/
y
1. That's my aunt Suzie.
2. Hi yEllen!
y
3. I need to buy a new coat.
4. He yand I yare buddies.
Exercise 12: Intrusion
We often go to the beach on the weekend. We always go by
car because it's fastest. My roommate will try anything. He
loves to surf, but he isn't a great surfer. He always falls off
the surfboard. "What's the answer?" he asked me. "I hate to
say it, but I think you should find another sport," I said.
Exercise 12: Intrusion
We yoften go to the beach on the weekend. We yalways go
by car because it's fastest. My roommate will try yanything.
He loves to surf, but he yisn't a great surfer. He yalways falls
off the surfboard. "What's the yanswer?" he yasked me. "I
y
hate to say it, but I think you should find another sport," I
said.
Exercise 12: Intrusion
Sometimes I go over to my friend's house. The first thing she says when
we meet is "How are you?" But if I really tell her how I am, she doesn't
listen. This happens so often that I decided to answer "fine" every time.
But then one day I said, "You never listen." So she apologized and said,
"From now on I'll do better." Then she asked, "How are you?" and I said
"Terrible!" She knew I was joking, so she said, "That's great! See how I'm
listening to everything you say?”
Exercise 12: Intrusion
Sometimes I go w over to my friend's house. The first thing she says when
we meet is "How w are you?" But if I really tell her how w I yam, she doesn't
listen. This happens so w often that I decided to w answer "fine" every time.
But then one day yI said, "You never listen." So she yapologized and said,
w y w
"From now on I'll do better." Then she asked, "How are you?" and I said
w w
"Terrible!" She knew I was joking, so she said, "That's great! See how I'm
listening to w everything you say?”
Exercise 13: Review
1. What you need is to go buy a more comfortable bed.
2. One car crashed into the wall of the school. Driver’s telephone was found on the road.
3. The pencil that you bought is broken.
4. This job will allow me to buy the camera I always wanted.
5. Could you please close the window? The temperature in the room is too low.
6. She had younger children than me.
7. David, is this your pencil? You forgot it in History seminar.
8. This shoe is very small, it is hurting my foot.
9. Did she get your postcard on time?
10. Is that man Michael? - No, I think is not him, but that person looks very similar.
Exercise 13: Review
1. What ʧyou need is to go buy ya more comfortable bed.
2. One ŋcar crashed into the wall of the school. Driver’s telephone was found on the road.
3. The pencil that ʧyou bought is broken.
y
4. This job will allow me to buy the camera I always wanted.
5. Could ʤyou please close the window? The temperature in the room is too low.
6. She had younger children than mme.
7. David, is this your pencil? You forgot it in History seminar.
w
8. This shoe is very small, it is hurting my foot.
9. Did she get ʧyour postcard on time?
10. Is that pman mMichael? - No, I think is not him, but that pperson looks very similar.
Exercise 14: Review
Hello, my name’s ________ . I'm taking American Accent Training. There's a lot to
learn, but I hope to make it as enjoyable as possible. I should pick up on the
American intonation pattern pretty easily, although the only way to get it is to
practice all of the time. I use the up and down, or peaks and valleys, intonation
more than I used to. I've been paying attention to pitch, too. It's like walking down
a staircase. I've been talking to a lot of Americans lately, and they tell me that I'm
easier to understand. Anyway, I could go on and on, but the important thing is to
listen well and sound good. Well, what do you think? Do I?
Exercise 14: Review
Hello, my name’s ________ . I'm taking American Accent raining. There's a lot o learn,
but I hope to make it as enjoyable as possible. I should bpick up on they American
intonation mpattern mpretty yeasily, although the yonly way to get it is to practice
all of the time. I use the yup and own, or peaks and valleys – intonation - more than
I used to. I've been mpaying attention to pitch, too. It's like walking down a staircase.
w
I've been talking to a lot of Americans lately, and they tell me that I'm easier to
w
understand. Anyway, I could ggo w on and on, but the yimportant thing is to listen
well and sound ggood. Well, what do you think? Do w I?
Linking+Intrusion Whole
paragraph