Laptop Troubleshooting Handout Part1
Laptop Troubleshooting Handout Part1
Laptop Troubleshooting Handout Part1
I. Common & Proper Tools Needed II. Basic Electronics III. Parts Familiarization & Function IV. Desktop & Laptop/Notebook Comparison V. Laptop/Notebook Advantages & Disadvantages VI. How To Remove, Replace & Upgrade Laptops/Notebooks Parts VII. How To Assemble & Re-assemble Laptop/Notebook VIII. Troubleshooting Laptop/Notebook Problems & Solutions IX. Tips, Tricks & Techniques X. Preventive Maintenance XI. BIOS XII. FAQ
I.
- Soldering Lead
SET OF FLAT HEAD SCREW DRIVER
ERASER
TOOTHBRUSH
SOLDERING SET
PAINTBRUSH
PAPER CLIP
Anti-virus Anti-spyware
Application software System diagnostic utility Data back-up utility Driver back-up utility
II.
BASIC ELECTRONICS:
VOM Multimeter is used to measure electrical resistance, direct current (DC) voltage, or alternating current (AC) voltage and Resistance ().
CAUTION!
- Always check your selector switch before testing components & electrical sources. - Set to specific type of voltage range (AC or DC) and always set to a much higher voltage than the actual voltage output. - Always check your positive (+) & negative (-) probe when testing DC voltage. AC Voltage Test = no polarity ( AVR output, wall outlet, UPS output, power cable connected to
Voltage output measured near to voltage specs. means the AC Adapter is good.
End (Tip) to End (Tip) Test - No deflection means the wire is open (bad) - With deflection means the wire is good
X1
No deflection at all in any of the two contact terminal means the Power Jack is bad (Open) With deflection in any one of the two contact terminal means the Power Jack is good
III.
RIGHT PANEL
LEFT PANEL
REAR PANEL
BOTTOM VIEW
LOCK KEYS
The keyboard has 3 lock keys w/c you can toggle on & off.
TOUCHPAD
The built-in touchpad is a pointing device that senses movement on its surface. This means the cursor responds as you move your finger on the surface of the touchpad. The central location on the palmrest provides optimal comfort and
support.
1 = Left Click Button NOTE: If you are using an external USB mouse, you can press Fn- 2 = 4-Way Scroll Key Button F7 3 = Right Click Button
to disable the touchpad.
7. Bluetooth/modem
8. I/O bracket
9. 10. 11. 12.
Mini PCI access door Main battery (Li-ion) Backup (CMOS) battery DIMM access door
25. Keyboard
802.11a/b Wi-Fi wireless card Motherboard CPU (Pentium M processor) Hard disk guide rails PC Card/CardBus slot CPU heatsink/fan Hard disk drive with tray Hard disk drive access cover
a. Communications daughter card (CDC) plate b. Modem cable c. Motherboard chipset heatsink d. Video chipset heatsink
Simple diagram that will help you to understand how a Laptop/Notebook display assembly works and how an image appears on the screen.
VIDEO CABLE
A video signal from the motherboard goes to the LCD screen through the video cable. The video cable connects to the motherboard (or video card) through the connector 1. The video cable connects to the LCD screen through the connector 2. The video cable (in most cases) is also responsible for supplying a necessary voltage for the FL inverter board. The video cable connects to the FL inverter board at the point 3.
FL INVERTER BOARD
This board is responsible for converting low voltage DC power (point 3) to high voltage AC (point 4), necessary to light up the backlight bulb.
AC ADAPTOR
It provides power to the system and recharges the batteries when they are low. It comes with a detachable power cord. It encloses 2-pin or 3-pin plug type. Because in its universal, it can receive a range of AC voltage from 100 240 volts.
PC CARD OR CARDBUS
IV.
CRT
LCD
DESKTOP MONITOR
DESKTOP KEYBOARD
LAPTOP KEYBOARD
DESKTOP PROCESSOR
LAPTOP PROCESSOR
DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD
LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD
DESKTOP HARDISK
LAPTOP HARDISK
DESKTOP MEMORY
LAPTOP MEMORY
INTERNAL WIRELESS CARD WIMAX PC CARD (WIFI CARD) WIRELESS LAN PCMCIA
CARD
PCMCIA MODEM
DESKTOP MODEM
LAPTOP MODEM
LAPTOP TOUCHPAD
FLEX TYPE RIBBON TYPE
PCI SLOT
V.
Limited Hardware Upgrade or not easily upgraded Greater Risk of being loss & stolen Greater Risk of being damage Not ergo for extensive typing Limited hardware availability
Upgradeable
No Yes
Notes
Nonstandard form factors prevent internal upgrades. Installing a faster CPU of the same type and model is usually
possible; however, there can be limitations due to voltage,
Yes No No No
1
thermal, and/or BIOS support issues, and clock speed increases will normally be small. Normally, only one or two SIMM/DIMM sockets are available. You may need to remove lower-capacity existing modules to upgrade.
Video is integrated into a non-upgradeable motherboard.
Hard disk Removable-media drives (floppy, CD/DVD, CDRW/DVD+-RW) USB, IEEE 1394
(FireWire/i.LINK), serial
Yes
Nonstandard form factors and connections prevent internal upgrades. Nonstandard form factors and connections prevent internal upgrades. Older systems might not have BIOS support for drives larger than 8.4GB. Many systems are limited to 9.5mm- or 12.5mmthick drives. Drive trays or caddies are often required for installation. Install these internally via modular bays or use external USB or IEEE 1394 (FireWire/i.LINK) drives. Install these via PC Card/CardBus or ExpressCard adapters.
Yes
(RS-232), parallel (IEEE 1284), SCSI, and so on 10/100/1000Mbps Ethernet LAN Wireless 802.11a/b/g (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth
Yes
Yes Yes
Install this via a PC Card or CardBus adapters. Install these via PC Card, CardBus, Mini PCI (internal) cards, or mobile daughter cards (MDCs). Internal cards may require preinstalled antennas.
1. It is normally possible to connect an external display and use it in lieu of or in addition to the existing internal display. 2. It is normally possible to connect an external keyboard and/or pointing device to use in lieu of or in addition to the existing internal devices.