LAP Code: No.

of Hours: 3 hours/meeting
LAP Subject Title: Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades

LAP-14
BIOLOGY (LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT
(Parts and Functions of Human Being)

Unit Content Standard Learning Objectives Activities Assignment

Module 1: The student -Identified the parts of the male Brainstorming
Lesson 3: Male understands the Male and female human reproductive Analyzing Ideas
and Female and Female system Evaluation
Reproductive Reproductive System -Described the structure and
System (Grade 5) function of the male and female
reproductive system

A. Topic Outline

B. Introduction (Group reporters will perform this activity and submit your output)

Draw two columns on the manila paper and label each as Male or Female. Brainstorm on the
sexual and reproductive anatomy of human beings. Determine if the part mentioned is a male or female
reproductive part. Write the body parts on the appropriate column on the manila paper. Prepare for
group presentation in the class.

C. Abstraction
All plants and animals need to reproduce to keep their kind going. But how does it happen in us
humans? The organ system of the human body that is responsible for producing the young or children is
called the reproductive system. Reproduction is the process by which living things make new individuals
of the same kind. Humans reproduce through the reproductive system, a system or organs working
together. Both male and female reproductive systems are involved in producing new individuals.
For you to better understand how the parts of the human reproductive system, let’s have a
closer look at this:
1. The Male Reproductive System

Male Parts What it Is and What it Does

Testis (also It is the main organ of the male reproductive system. A
called male has 2 testis or testes. At puberty, the testes produce
testicles) sperm cells and the male sex hormones (testosterone &
androgens). Each is made of 500 – 1,200 feet of tightly
coiled tubes called seminiferous tubules. Immature sperms
are produced in the seminiferous tubules. Testosterone is
responsible for the development of the male secondary sex
characteristics such as body hair, muscle development and
deep voice. These traits usually appear during adolescence.
Scrotum It is a muscular sac which is a shorter when cold, and
longer when warm. It holds the testes and keeps the
temperature of the testes slightly lower than that of the rest
f the body. The lower temperature is needed for the
production and storage of sperm.
Cowper’s It is a pair of glands also known as bulbourethral gland
Gland that produces pre-ejaculatory fluid that cleans the urethra to The Male Reproductive System
protect the sperm. https://www.mydr.com.au/
Seminal It is a pair of simple tubular glands located within the pelvis
Vesicles that secreta fluid which partly composes the semen.
sexual-health/male-
Prostate It is a muscular gland that is found just in front of the reproductive-system
Glands rectum and below the bladder which produces most of the
fluid that makes up the semen.
Semen Fluids secreted by Cowper’s glands, prostate glands and
seminal vesicles and the sperm.
Epididymis Coiled tube where sperms undergo maturation and provide
storage of the sperm.
Vas The tube that leads upward from each of the testis into the
Deferens lower part of the abdomen. The two-vas deferens join at the
urethra, which is the passageway for the elimination of
urine and sperm that leave to the male’s body.
Sperm It is a male reproductive cell. It fertilizes an egg cell from
the female.

2. The Female Reproductive System

 Female Parts What it Is and What it Does
Ovaries These are the main organ of the reproductive system. The ovaries are oval and are found in
the lower part of the abdomen. They produce, allow for the maturation and provide storage
for egg cells. Ovaries also produce female sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone &
androgens). Estrogens are responsible for the development of female sex characteristics, e.
g. development of breasts, broadened pelvis, & play a large role in the menstrual cycle.
Egg cell or An egg cell is fertilized by a sperm to produce fertilized egg called zygote. An egg cell
Ovum dissolves in the fallopian tubes about 24 hours if not fertilized.
Vagina or Birth It is a 3-4-inch passageway or canal inside the female. This a place where a sperm maybe
Canal deposited by the male. It also allows passage of shed endometrium during menstrual period
and the baby during birth. It produces fluids to cleanse & fabricate itself and help sperm
travel. The vagina opens between the legs where it is protected by folds of skin known as
vulva.
Cervix It is short canal that leads to the uterus. It is the bottom section of the uterus. It [produces
fluids that help sperm cell travel. It also produces mucus plug to keep out germs during
pregnancy.
Uterus or womb It is made up of muscular walls, a lining called endometrium & a cervix. It houses and
protects embryo/fetus/baby and allows nutrients and wastes exchange with placenta during
pregnancy. It also nourishes the embryo before a placenta grows.
Fallopian Tubes It is a passageway that conveys the ovum to the uterus. As the ovum moves along the
or Oviduct fallopian tube, the union of egg cell and sperm cell can happen.

The Female Reproductive system

https:/animalia-life. Club/other/female-human-organ-system.html

D. Analysis: 10 points
Complete a guide about the human reproductive system. Work through a list of agree and
disagree statements. Put a check on the proper blanks.

Statements Agree Disagree

1. The reproductive system is responsible for producing children.
2. The main organ of the reproductive system is the uterus.
3. The testis is the organ that produces sperm.
4. Human reproductive system produces egg and sperm that allows us to reproduce.
5. The human reproductive systems do not produce hormones.

E. Reinforcement Activity
Alcohol, smoking and drugs in pregnancy

Drinking alcohol, smoking, or taking drugs during pregnancy or while breastfeeding can affect your
child's health. Women who are pregnant, trying to conceive or breastfeeding should avoid smoking,
drinking alcohol or taking illegal drugs. Always speak with your doctor or midwife before taking any
medication.

Alcohol guidelines

The current medical guidelines are that:

 if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, the safest approach is not to drink alcohol at all to
keep risks to your baby to a minimum
  drinking in pregnancy can lead to long-term harm to the baby, and the more you drink the
greater the risk

If you are trying to get pregnant, you need to be aware that drinking alcohol can reduce your fertility
and ability to conceive. Drinking too much, especially getting drunk, can lead to a miscarriage in the
early stages of pregnancy.

To keep the risks to an absolute minimum, the safest approach is not to drink at all.

When a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, the alcohol passes through the placenta and can affect the
baby’s development. This happens throughout the pregnancy, not just in the first few weeks.

Drinking too much can lead to:

 premature birth
 low birth weight
 impacting on the physical and mental development of the child, a condition known as Foetal
Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Women are therefore strongly advised to not drink alcohol at all at any stage during pregnancy because
there may be an increased risk of miscarriage. The current advice is to avoid alcohol completely.

Alcohol and breastfeeding

Alcohol passes to the baby in small amounts in breast milk. The milk will smell different to the baby and
may affect their feeding, sleeping or digestion. The best advice is to avoid drinking shortly before a
baby’s feed.

Whether you’re breastfeeding or not, the recommended benchmark is to consume no more than 14
units of alcohol per week, spread evenly over three days or more because if you have one or two heavy
drinking sessions, you increase your health risks.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Children born with FAS can have growth problems, facial defects and lifelong learning and behavior
problems.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) describes the range of less obvious effects that can be mild to
severe and relate to one or more of the following symptoms of FASD;

 low birth size

 problems eating and sleeping
 problems seeing and hearing
 difficulty following directions and learning to do simple things
 trouble paying attention and learning in school
 trouble getting along with others and controlling their behavior

Children with FASD may need medical care all their lives or may need special educational support.

FAS and FASD are completely preventable by not drinking alcohol during pregnancy.

Advice from your doctor

Your doctor can help you to get advice and a referral to services for help with an alcohol or drug
addiction problem.

 Your local doctor

 Getting help with drug or alcohol problems

Smoking

Smoking while pregnant not only damages your own health, but can also harm your baby.
It has been linked to a variety of health problems, including:

 premature birth
 low birth weight
 miscarriage and cot death
 breathing problems and wheezing in the first six months of life

Every year, more than 17,000 children under the age of five are admitted to hospital because of the
effects of secondhand smoke. If you stop smoking, you will reduce the risk of harm to yourself and your
baby.

If you are struggling to quit smoking, having a cigarette after feeding, rather than before, will help
reduce your baby’s exposure to nicotine. Only giving up cigarettes altogether, however, will completely
protect them.

Giving up smoking

If you’re trying to give up smoking, also encourage those around you to do the same. Secondhand
smoke contains tar and toxic chemicals that are harmful to you and your baby’s health.

Only you can decide to quit, but you can get help and support to stay a non-smoker.

 Smoking
 Stop Smoking NI (external link opens in a new window / tab)
 Illegal drugs

Illegal drugs like cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine, and heroin can harm your baby. If you use any of these
drugs, it is important to talk to your doctor or midwife so they can provide you with advice and support
to help you stop.

They can also refer you for additional support. Some dependent drug users will need treatment to
stabilize or come off drugs to keep the baby safe.

 Getting help with drug or alcohol problems

 Narcotics Anonymous (external link opens in a new window / tab)

Pills, medicines, and other drugs

As well as illegal drugs, some medicines, including some common painkillers, can harm your baby’s
health. This can include medication to treat long-term conditions such as asthma, thyroid disease,
diabetes, and epilepsy.

To be safe, you should:

 keep taking your medication until you check with your doctor
 always check with your doctor, midwife, or pharmacist before taking any new medication
 make sure your doctor, dentist or other health professional know you are pregnant before they
prescribe you any medication or give any treatment
 talk to your doctor if you take regular medication, ideally before trying for a baby or as soon as
you know you are pregnant
 use as few over the counter medicines as possible

Medicines and treatments that are usually safe include paracetamol, most antibiotics, dental treatments
(including local anesthetics) some immunizations (including tetanus and flu) and nicotine replacement
therapy.

https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/alcohol-smoking-and-drugs-pregnancy

F. Application (20 points)

1. Sperm are produced by the _____.

A – Pancreas C. testes
B – Ovaries D. liver
2. Eggs are formed by the _____.
A – Testes C. liver
B – Ovaries D. pancreas
3. Relative to sperm, eggs are _____.
A - Much larger C. much smaller
B - Much lighter D. faster swimmers
4. Menstruation involves _____.
A - The production of eggs C. the production of sperm
B - Shedding the inner lining of the uterus D. ovulation
5. When a woman has her tubes tied, what tubes are tied?
A - Vas Deferens C. aorta
B - Bile Tubes D. Fallopian tubes
6. A vasectomy involves cutting the _____.
A – Epididymis C. vas deferens
B - Vena cava D. fallopian tubes
7. What is a hysterectomy?
A - Removal of the ovaries C. removal of the testes
B - Removal of the uterus D. removal of the spleen
8. Which of the following pairings have similar structures?
A - Ovaries - Prostate Gland C. Clitoris-Penis
B - Clitoris – Testes D. Ovaries-Penis
9. Which of the following terms applies to the first menstrual period?
A – Menarche C. menopause
B – Climacteric D. spermatogenesis
10. Testosterone is produced by the _____.
A - Thyroid gland C. liver
B – Pancreas D. testes
11. Estrogen is produced by the _____.
A – Liver C. ovaries
B – Pancreas D. thymus gland
12. During menstruation, tissue and blood is lost from the _____.
A – Uterus C. testes
B – Vagina D. ovaries
13. Pap smears are used to detect _____.
A - Puberty in males C. ovarian cancer
B - Cervical cancer D. pregnancy
14. What muscle is found under the breast?
A - Gluteus maximus C. sartorius
B - Pectoralis major D. biceps brachii
15. Females secrete milk through the _____.
A – Nipple C. areola
B – Ureter D. urethra
16. Breast size is determined by the amount of _____.
A - Muscle present in the breast C. sexual partner a woman has had
B - The number of ducts through which milk flows D. fat that is present
17. The mons pubis overlays the _____.
A – Breasts C. testes
B – Ovaries D. pubis symphysis
18 The birth canal is more commonly known as the _____.
A – Ureter C. uterus
B – Vagina D. urethra
19. The part of the penis that is furthest from the rest of the body is the _____.
A – Glans C. testes
B – Root D. shaft
20. The penis is attached to the rest of the body by the _____.
A – Ureter C. shaft
B – Glans D. root