Timeline Indian History

12/25/22, 10:27 AM Timeline of Indian history - Wikipedia
Timeline of Indian history

This is a timeline of Indian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and
political events in India and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events,
see History of India. See also the list of governors-general of India, list of prime ministers of India
and Years in India.
500th.
BCE · 9th
BCE · 5th.
BCE · 4th
Millennia BCE · 3rd
BCE · 2nd
BCE · 1st
BCE · 1st · 2nd · 3rd
5000th · 90th · 75th · 70th · 45th · 43rd · 40th · 37th · 35th · 34th · 33rd · 32nd · 31st · 30th ·
BCE 29th · 28th · 27th · 26th · 25th · 24th · 23rd · 22nd · 21st · 20th · 19th · 18th · 17th · 16th ·
Centuries 15th · 14th · 13th · 12th · 11th · 10th · 9th · 8th · 7th · 6th · 5th · 5th · 4th · 3rd · 2nd · 1st
1st · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th · 6th · 7th · 8th · 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th · 16th ·
CE
17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · 21st
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Indian_history 1/35
Pre-90th century BCE

Year Date Event
4,000,000 Tools crafted by proto-humans that have been dated back two million years have been
– 100,000 discovered in the northwestern subcontinent.[1][2] The earliest archaeological site in the
BCE subcontinent is the palaeolithic hominid site in the Soan River valley.[3] Soanian sites are
found in the Sivalik region across what are now India, Pakistan, and Nepal.[4][5][6] Some of
the Bhimbetka shelters were inhabited by Homo erectus more than 100,000 years
ago.[7][8]
Madrasian culture sites have been found in Attirampakkam

(Attrambakkam=13° 13' 50", 79° 53' 20"), which is located near Chennai
(formerly known as Madras), Tamil Nadu.[9] Thereafter, tools related to this
culture have been found at various other locations in this region. Bifacial
handaxes and cleavers are typical assemblages recovered of this
culture.[10] Flake tools, microliths and other chopping tools have also been
found. Most of these tools were composed of the metamorphic rock
quartzite.[9] The stone tool artifacts in this assemblage have been identified
as a part of the second inter-pluvial period in India.[11]
Evidence for presence of Hominins with Acheulean technology 150,000–

100,000 BCE in Tamil Nadu.[12]
Technology similar to contemporary artifacts found used by Homo sapiens

in Africa found in Jwalapuram around 74000 BCE.
Paleolithic industries in South India Tamil Nadu 30,000 BCE[13]
90th–50th century BCE

Year Date Event
9,000 Early Neolithic culture with first confirmed semi permanent settlements appeared 11000 years
BCE ago in the Bhimbetka rock shelters in modern Madhya Pradesh, India. Some of the Stone Age
rock paintings found among the Bhimbetka rock shelters are approximately 30,000 years
old.[14]
The ancient history of the region includes some of South Asia's oldest
settlements[15] and some of its major civilisations.[16][17]
50th–40th century BCE

Year Date Event
4000 Phase of the Indus Valley Civilisation begins. The civilization used an early form of the Indus
BCE signs, now called Indus script.
Over the course of next 1000–1500 years, inhabitants of the Civilization

developed new techniques in handicraft (carnelian products, seal carving) and
metallurgy (copper, bronze, lead, and tin) had elaborate urban planning, baked
brick houses, efficient drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of
large non-residential buildings.[18] The civilization depended significantly on

trade, was the first civilization to use wheeled transport in form of bullock carts,
and also used boats.[19]
30th century BCE-20th century BCE

Year Date Event
The Indus Valley Civilization expands across the whole of Pakistan, much of northern India,
2800
and large parts of Afghanistan, with Harappa and Mohenjo-daro becoming large
BCE
metropolises.[20]
2600 End of the Early Indus Valley Civilization culture. Start of Mature Indus Valley Civilization
BCE culture
19th century BCE

Year Date Event
1900
End of Mature Indus Valley Civilization culture, late Indus Valley Civilization period starts
BCE
18th century BCE

Year Date Event
1800 Adichanallur urn-burial site in Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu. In 2004, a number of skeletons
BCE dating from around 3,800 years ago.
17th century BCE

Year Date Event
1700 Brihadratha also known as Maharatha, was the initiator of the Brihadratha dynasty, the earliest
BCE ruling dynasty of Magadha.
Jarasandha was the son of Brihadratha and became the 2nd ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty
of Magadha succeeding his father
Sahadeva of Magadha became the 3rd ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha
succeeding Jarasandha
1661 Somadhi became the 4th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Sahadeva
BCE of Magadha
1603 Srutasravas became the 5th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding
BCE Somadhi
16th century BC
Year Date Event
1539 Ayutayus became the 6th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding
BCE Srutasravas
1503
Niramitra became the 7th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Ayutayus
BCE
15th century BCE

Year Date Event
1500
Early Vedic period (to 1000 BCE)
BCE
1463
Sukshatra became the 8th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Niramitra
BCE
1405 Brihatkarman became the 9th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding
BCE Sukshatra
14th century BCE

Year Date Event
1400
Gopala Dynasty established by Gopa
BCE
1382 Senajit became the 10th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding
BCE Brihatkarman
1332
Srutanjaya became the 11th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Senajit
BCE
13th century BCE

Year Date Event
1300
Cemetery H culture comes to an end
BCE
1300
End of late Indus Valley Civilization period
BCE
1292
Vipra became the 12th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Srutanjaya
BCE
1280
Pundravardhana Kingdom was established sometime before 1280 BCE.
BCE
1257
Suchi became the 13th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Vipra
BCE
12th century BCE

Year Date Event
1200
Rigveda
BCE
1199
Kshemya became the 14th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Suchi
BCE
1171
Subrata became the 15th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Kshemya
BCE
1107
Dharma became the 16th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Subrata
BCE
11th century BCE

Year Date Event
1043
Dharma stepped down as the 16th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha.
BCE
1008
Susuma became the 17th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Dharma
BCE
10th century BCE

Year Date Event
1000
Middle and Late Vedic period (to 500 BCE)
BCE
1000
– 300 Kanchi district, gold mine of Megalithic sites in Tamil Nadu, South India[21]
BCE
1000-
900 Kingdom of Videha was established.
BCE
1000-
900 Panchala Kingdom was established.
BCE
970 Dridhasena became the 18th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding
BCE Susuma
912
Sumati became the 19th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Dridhasena
BCE
9th century BCE

Year Date Event
879
Subala became the 20th ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Sumati
BCE
877
Birth of Parsvanatha, 23rd Jain Tirthankara (traditional date)
BCE
857
Sunita became the 21st ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Subala
BCE
841
Gopala Dynasty was de-established.
BCE
817
Satyajit became the 22nd ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Sunita
BCE
8th century BCE

Year Date Event
767
Viswajit became the 23rd ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha succeeding Satyajit
BCE
732 Ripunjaya became the 24th and the last ruler of the Barhadratha dynasty of Magadha
BCE succeeding Viswajit.
7th century BCE

Year Date Event
700
The Upanishads, a sacred text of Hinduism, are written.
BCE
700 Kingdom of Kosala was established. Kosala belonged to the Northern Black Polished Ware
BCE culture (c. 700–300 BCE).
6th century BCE

Year Date Event
600 Sixteen Maha Janapadas ("Great Realms" or "Great Kingdoms") emerge.

BCE
The Vedic period ends.
The Chola, Pandya, and Chera dynasties are established.
The capital of the Early Pandyan Kingdom was initially Korkai, all around 600 BCE, and was
later moved to Koodal (now Madurai) during the reign of Nedunjeliyan I.
599 Mahavira of the 24th Tirthankara is born. This turns out to become the most famous wave of
BCE Jainism.
563 Siddhārtha Gautama, Buddha-to-be, is born in Lumbini into a leading royal family in the
BCE republic of the Shakyas, which is now part of Nepal.
The Vanga-based Prince Vijaya (c. 543 BCE) married a daughter of the Pandyan king of
543
Madurai, to whom he was sending rich presents every year. Sinhala chronicle Mahawamsa
BCE
mentions this event
Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian Achaemenid Empire reached up to northwestern parts
538
of the Indian subcontinent, today's Afghanistan, which later proved to be his nemesis and
BCE
caused his death.
527
Nirvana of Mahavira,
BCE
525
Kuru Kingdom was de-established.
BCE
5th century BCE

Year Date Event
483
Proposed Mahaparinirvana date of Gautama Buddha at Kushinagar.
BCE
4th century BCE

Year Date Event
400 Siddhartha Gautama 'Buddha' of the Shakya polity in S. Nepal, finds Buddhism (older date:
BCE 563–483 BCE)
Panini, labelled as the father of linguistics, a resident of Gandhara, describes the grammar and
350
morphology of Sanskrit in the text Ashtadhyayi. Panini's standardized Sanskrit is known as
BCE
Classical Sanskrit.
333 Persian rule in the northwest ends after Darius 3 is defeated by Alexander the Great, who
BCE establishes the Macedonian Empire after inheriting the Persian Achaemenid Empire.
326 Ambhi king of Takshila surrenders to Alexander.

BCE
Porus who ruled parts of the Punjab, fought Alexander at the Battle of the Hydaspes River.
Maurya Empire is founded by Chandragupta Maurya in Magadha after he defeats the Nanda
321
dynasty and Macedonian Seleucid Empire. Mauryan capital city is Pataliputra (Modern Patna in
BCE
Bihar)
305
Chandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus Nicator of the Seleucid Empire.
BCE
Seleucus gives up his territories in the subcontinent (Afghanistan/Baluchistan) to Chandragupta

304
in exchange for 500 elephants. Seleucus offers his daughter in marriage to Chandragupta to
BCE
seal their friendship.
3rd century BCE

Year Date Event
Pingala, ancient Indian mathematician and poet writes the Chandaḥśāstra (also called the
Pingala-sutras), which presents the first known description of a binary numeral system.
273 Ashoka the Great regarded as the greatest ancient Indian emperor, grandson of Chandragupta
BCE Maurya, ascends as emperor of the Maurya Empire.
266 Ashoka conquers and unifies most of South Asia, along with most of Afghanistan and
BCE Balochistan.
265 Kalinga War takes place between Ashoka and the kingdom of Kalinga.
BCE
After conquering Kalinga, Ashoka reportedly regrets what he has done, leading him to adopt
Buddhism, which then becomes the quasi-official state religion of the Mauryan Empire.
261
Conquest of Kalinga
BCE
260 Ashoka inscribes the Edicts of Ashoka, written down using Brahmi script. The Edicts describe
BCE his Buddhist religious views and his commitment to the welfare of his subjects.
232
Ashoka dies and is succeeded by Kunala.
BCE
230
Simuka declares independence from Mauryan rule and establishes the Satavahana Empire.
BCE
2nd century BCE

Year Date Event
200 Kuninda Kingdom is established.

BCE
Tolkāppiyam describes the grammar and morphology of Tamil; it is the oldest existing Tamil
grammar (dates vary between 200 BCE and 100 CE). (to 100 BC)
Indo-Greek Kingdom (also known as the Yavana Kingdom) is established. It was a

Hellenistic-era Greek kingdom covering various parts of Afghanistan and the northwestern
regions of the Indian subcontinent (parts of modern-day Pakistan and northwestern India).
The kingdom was founded when the Graeco-Bactrian king Demetrius (and later Eucratides)
invaded India from Bactria in 200 BC. During its existence, the kingdom was ruled over by
30 successive kings, with Menander I being the most famous Indo-Greek king.
184
The Mauryan Empire, declines
BCE
Menander I becomes the king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom. Menander is noted for having
165/155
become a patron and convert to Greco-Buddhism and he is widely regarded as the greatest
BCE
of the Indo-Greek kings.
1st century BCE

Year Date Event
Birth of Charaka, ancient Indian physician who writes the Charaka Samhita, an ancient text that
100
describes theories on human body, etiology, symptomology and therapeutics for a wide range
BCE
of diseases and is based on the Agnivesha Samhitā.
65
The Pandyan king sends ambassadors to the Greek and Roman lands.
BCE
58
Beginning of Vikram Era
BCE
1
Fall of the Indo-Greek Kingdom.
BCE
1st century
Year Date Event
35 Western Satraps formed.
St. Thomas arrives in Muziris (modern-day North Paravur and Kodungalloor in Kerala State,
52
India).
68 Establishment of the Kushan Empire by Kujula Kadphises.
Gautamiputra Satkarni becomes Satavahana emperor and starts Shalivahana era calendar
78
after defeating Scythian king Maues.
100 Sugar was first produced from sugarcane plants in northern India sometime after the first
or
after century.[22]
2nd century
Year Date Event
Vima Kadphises becomes the ruler of the Kushan Empire. He was the Kushan Emperor to first
113
introduce gold coinage, in addition to the existing silver and copper coinage.
Kanishka ascends the throne of the Kushan Empire, succeeding Vima Kadphises. Under his
127
reign, the Kushan Empire reached its zenith.
3rd century
Year Date Event
240 Sri-Gupta starts the Gupta Empire in Magadha, with its capital in Pataliputra
250 The Vakataka Dynasty in the Deccan is formed by Vindyashakti. He rules until 275.
The Pallava dynasty is established
275 Pravarasena ascends the throne of the Vakataka Dynasty, expanding his empire. He was the
first Vakataka ruler who called himself a Samrat, or emperor. He is perhaps the only emperor in
his dynasty.
4th century
Year Date Event
320 Chandragupta I ascends the Gupta throne.
335 Samudragupta ascends the Gupta throne and expands the empire.
Kadamba Kingdom established by Mayurasharma, Banavasi as its capital and they were the
345
first kingdom to use Kannada in administration.
380 Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta Emperor.
Prabhavatigupta, a Gupta Princess who was the daughter of Chandragputa II, becomes the
390 regent of the Vakataka dynasty after the death of her husband Rudrasena II, effectively ruling
the Vakatakas until 410.
5th century
Year Date Event
413 Kumaragupta I, Adopted the title of Mahendraditya.
455 Skandagupta, Faced Hunas effectively.
Invasions by the Huna.
467 Pallavas became a major power during the reign of Mahendravarman I (571 –
630 CE)
Harishena takes over the Vakataka Dynasty. He was a great patron of Buddhist Art. The World
475
Heritage monument Ajanta Caves is surviving example of his works.
Birth of Aryabhata, ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer who goes on to write the
476
Aryabhatiya, a Sanskrit astronomical treatise and the Arya-siddhanta.
6th century
Year Date Event
Mihirakula becomes the ruler of the Alchon Huns. He was the second and last of the Alchon
502 Huns. He was considered to be an extremely violent and cruel ruler. He destroyed many
Buddhist monasteries in his kingdom.
Confederation of Indian rulers Yashodharman, Narasimhagupta and Adityavardhana defeat the

528
Huna emperor Mihirakula in the Battle of Sondani.
528– Yashodharman conquers vast territories from the Hunas and Guptas after the Battle of
540 Sondani, and establishes the short-lived Aulikara Empire
554 Collapse of Gupta Empire after the death of Vishnugupta.
Varāhamihira, ancient Indian astrologer, astronomer, and polymath writes the

573 Pañcasiddhāntikā, a treatise on mathematical astronomy and which summarises five earlier
astronomical treatises by five authors.
7th century
Year Date Event
606 Harshavardhana crowned Monarch.
628 Ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer Brahmagupta completes the
Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, a text on mathematical astronomy explaining the role of zero, rules
for manipulating both negative and positive numbers, a method for computing square roots,
methods of solving linear and quadratic equations, and rules for summing series,
Brahmagupta's identity, and Brahmagupta's theorem. Brahmagupta also first describes gravity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Indian_history र्ष 9/35

as an attractive force, and uses the term "gurutvākarṣaṇam (गुरुत्वाकर्षणम्)]" in Sanskrit to

describe it.[23]
Badami Chalukya power at its peak. Pulakeshin II pushes north up to the Narmada and defeats
637
the invading Harshavardhana of Kanauj
Ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer Brahmagupta completes the astronomical

treatise Khandakhadyaka covering topics such as the longitudes of the planets, diurnal rotation,
665
lunar and solar eclipses, risings and settings, the moon's crescent and conjunctions of the
planets.
8th century
Year Date Event
According to the Qissa-i Sanjan, the immigrants Parsi are granted permission to stay by the
700
local ruler Jadi Rana
Arab commander of the Umayyad Caliphate, Muhammad ibn Qasim defeats Raja Dahir, king of
711
Sindh Region in modern-day Pakistan
728 Narasimhavarman II of the Pallava dynasty constructs the Shore Temple of Mamallapuram
736 Delhi is re-established by Bilan Deo Tomar also known as Anangpal Tomar
Confederacy of Indian kings consisting of Nagabhata I of Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty and Bappa

738 Rawal, ruler of Mewar defeat Arab Umayyad Caliphate invasion attempts in the Battle of
Rajasthan (738 CE)
Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin of the Chalukyas of Navasarika kingdom defeats an invasion

739
attempt by the Arab Umayyad Caliphate.[24]
Establishment of Rashtrakuta Kingdom of Manyakhet by Dantidurga by defeating Chalukyas of
753
Badami
753 Saindhava naval fleet defeats Arab naval fleet sent by the Arab governor of Sindh.
776 Saindhava naval fleet under Agguka I defeats second Arab naval expedition.[25][26]
788 Birth of Adi Shankara
9th century
Year Date Event
Vikramashila University is established by the Pala emperor Dharmapala in present day

800
Bhagalpur district in Bihar, in early 9th century
814 Nripatunga Amoghavarsha I becomes Rashtrakuta emperor. Kannada literature flourishes.
836 Gurjara-Pratihara (to 910)
10th century
Year Date Event
935 Chandrapur University established in 935 CE by Srichandra, a ruler of the Chandra dynasty
Rajaraja Chola ascends to the throne of Chola empire. He expands the empire to Sri Lanka
985
and to the north to include Kalinga kingdom
993 Rajaraja Chola invades Sri Lanka and captures the northern half of Sri Lanka.
11th century
Year Date Event
1000 Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni
1003–
The Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur is built by Raja Raja Chola I.
1010
Rajaraja Chola adds the Lakshadweep and Maldives islands to the Chola empire.[27]
Rajendra Chola I became the king of Chola empire after his father Rajaraja Chola. During his
reign, he extended the influences of the already vast Chola empire up to the banks of the river
Ganges in the north and across the ocean. Rajendra's territories extended coastal Burma, the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Maldives, conquered the kings of Srivijaya
1014 (Sumatra, Java and Malay Peninsula in South East Asia) and Pegu islands with his fleet of
ships. He defeated Mahipala, the Pala king of Bengal and Bihar, and to commemorate his
victory he built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. The Cholas became one of the
most powerful dynasties in Asia during his reign. The Tamil Chola armies exacted tribute from
Thailand and the Khmer kingdom of Cambodia. Rajendra Chola I was the first Indian king to
take his armies overseas and make conquests of these territories, even though there is
epigraphical evidence of Pallava presence in these very areas.
Mahmud Ghazni defeats the Hindu Shahi king Trilochanapala and annexes Punjab.
1014
He then attempts to invade Kashmir, but is defeated by Samgrāmarāja
1017 26 April Sri Ramanujacharya is born at Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu.
1021 Mahmud of Ghazni again attempts to invade Kashmir, but is defeated by Samgrāmarāja
1025 30 April Last invasion of Mahmud Ghazni, sacked and destroyed temple of Somnath
1027 The Sun Temple of Modhera is completed by Bhima I of the Chaulukya dynasty
1030 30 April Alberuni arrives in India; death of Mahmud of Ghazni
Suhaldev, king of Shravasti defeats and kills Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud, nephew of Mahmud
1033 15 June
of Ghazni.
1035 The Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram is built by Rajendra Chola I.
1058 Soomra dynasty ends the Arab domination and establishes its own rule over Sindh.
12th century
Year Date Event
1120 Kalyani Chalukyas power at its peak. Vikramaditya VI ushers in Vikrama Chalukya era.
1121 Ajayaraja II, of the Chahamanas of Shakambhari dynasty repulse Ghaznavid invasions.
1134 Life of Basaveshwara, philosopher and social reformer. (to 1196)
Bhāskara II, mathematician and astronomer writes the Siddhānta Shiromani, consisting of three
1150 books Līlāvatī on arithmetic and measurement, Bijaganita on algebra and Gaṇitādhyāya and
Golādhyāya on astronomy.
1157 The Kalachuris of Kalyani under Bijjala II capture Kalyani
1175 Muhammad of Ghor invades India.[28]
Forces of the Chaulukya king Mularaja II led by his regent mother Naikidevi defeat Ghurid
1178
invaders led by Muhammad of Ghor who escapes back to Ghazni, in the Battle of Kasahrada.
First Battle of Tarain between Mohammed Ghori and Prithviraj III. Ghori is defeated by Prithivi
1191
Raj Chauhan III.
Second Battle of Tarain fought between Muhammed Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan III. Prithviraj
1192
Chauhan III is defeated by Mohammed Ghori.
1193 Muslim general Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji destroys the ancient university of Vikramashila
Battle of Chandawar fought between Muhammad of Ghor and Jaichand of Kannauj. Ghori
1194
defeated Jayachandra and killed him.
13th century
Year Date Event
1206 15 March Khokhars killed Muhammad Ghori during a raid on his camp on the Jhelum River
1206 12 June Qutb ud-Din Aibak establishes slave Dynasty later to be known as Delhi Sultanate
Raja Prithu defeats Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji, destroying his army of 12,000 with only
1206
about 100 survivors.[29][30]
1210 Qutb-ud-din Aibak died while playing polo.
Shams ud-Din Iltutmish;was the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, belonging to the Mamluk
1210
dynasty (Slave Dynasty). He introduced IQTA (Tax, revenue) system. Died in 1236
1211– Anangabhima Deva III of the Eastern Ganga dynasty in present-day Odisha defeats
1215 invasions by Ghiyāth ad-Dīn ʿIwaz Khalji the ruler of Bengal.[31]
Genghis Khan invades Punjab in pursuit of the fleeing Khwarezm Shah Jalal ad-Din
1221
Mingburnu and defeats him in the Battle of the Indus.
Raja Prithu repulses invading forces of Ghiyas ud din Balban the ninth sultan of the Mamluk
1226
dynasty of Delhi, in present-day Assam[29][30]
Sandhya (ruler of Kamarupa) in present-day Assam drives Muslims out of his territory and
captures territory till Karatoya river. Thereafter, to avenge previous defeats, he invades the
1229
western border of Gaur (Lakhnauti) and annexes regions across the Karatoya into his
kingdom.
Narasingha Deva I ruler of the Eastern Ganga dynasty in present-day Odisha launches
attacks against the Turko-Afghan rulers of Mamluk dynasty in Bengal that had captured
1236 Bihar and Bengal and not only repulses their attacks, but pushes them as far back as
Padma River in current-day Bangladesh.[31]
10
1236 Rule of Razia Sultana – Daughter of Iltutmish.
November
1238 October Sri Madhwacharya born in Pajaka near Udupi, Karnataka
14
1240 Murder of Razia Sultan by Turkish nobles.(Chalisa)
October
Narasingha Deva I ruler of the Eastern Ganga dynasty defeats Tughral Tughan Khan of the
1243 Mamluk Sultanate of Delhi in the Battle of Katasin and annexes several districts of Bengal
into his empire.
1246– Rule of Nasiruddin Mahmud with support of Balban (Wazir and powerful member of
66 Chalisa). Chalisa- a council of 40 members
1250 The Konark Sun Temple is completed, built by Narasingha Deva I.
The Kamrup kingdom, led by its ruler Sandhya defeats and executes Malik Ikhtiyaruddin
1257 Yuzbak, the Mamluk Governor of Bengal. His domains are split between the Kamrup
kingdom and Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Empire.
1266–
Rule of Balban; Chalisa wiped out.
1286
1267 The Mahanubhava philosophy established by Chakradhar Swami.
1275 Birth of saint Dnyaneshwar.
1290 Murder of Muiz ud din Qaiqabad by Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji, an army commander.
1290–
Jalal-ud-din Khilji. Founder of Khiliji Dynasty
96
14th century
Year Date Event
Alauddin Khalji sends Malik Kafur to South. Malik Kafur Lays siege on the Kakatiya Capital
1309
Warangal and Extracts Tribute. The diamond Kohinoor was among the loot collected.
Ala-ud-din Khilji's army under Malik Kafur occupies Devagiri ending the Seuna Yadava
1310
Kingdom
Malik Kafur attacks the Hoyasalas. In the aftermath of the destruction Hoyasalas abandon the
old capital Halebidu. He later attacks Madurai. The attacks on Warangal, Halebidu and Madurai
1311
is accompanied by wide scale killing, destruction of temples and repatriation of wealth back to
Delhi.
1323 Ulugh Khan (Muhammad bin Tughluq) defeats Prataparudra II ending the Kakatiya dynasty
Prithvi Chand II of the Hindu Katoch kingdom of Kangra defeats the army of Muhammad bin
1333
Tughluq who loses nearly all his 10,000 soldiers and is forced to retreat.[32]
Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka with assistance from the Hoysala ruler Veera Ballala III leads a
1334 rebellion against the Tughluq rule of Delhi Sultanate, driving it out of Warangal region in
present-day Telangana.
Vijayanagara Empire established by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I.

1336 Rana of Mewar Hammir Singh defeats and captures Tughlaq dynasty ruler Muhammad bin
Tughluq in the Battle of Singoli.
Birth of great mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama who goes on to found the Kerala
school of astronomy and mathematics and write the Venvaroha, which describes the methods
1340
for the computation of the true positions of the Moon at intervals of about half an hour for
various days in an anomalistic cycle.
1343 Veera Ballala III captured and killed in the Battle of Kannanur.
Governor Hasan Gangu revolts against Muhammad bin Tughluq founding the Bahmani
1347
Sultanate
1351 Samma Dynasty assumes rule over Sindh
Bukka, the Vijayanagara ruler and his son Kumara Kamapna capture the entire Tamil speaking
1370
parts.
1398 Timur plunders Lahore
15th century
Year Date Event
1401 Dilawar Khan establishes the Malwa Sultanate in present-day northern India
Zafar Khan: governor of Gujarat, declares himself as Sultan Muzaffar Shah founding the
1407
Gujarat Sultanate/Muzaffarid dynasty
Khizr Khan, deputized by Timur to be the governor of Multan takes over Delhi founding the
1414
Sayyid dynasty
Deva Raya II succeeded his father Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya as monarch of the
1424
Vijayanagara Empire
Rana Kumbha of Mewar and Rao Ranmal Rathore of Marwar defeat and take prisoner
1437
Mahmud Khalji, Sultan of the Malwa Sultanate in the Battle of Sarangpur
1442 Rana Kumbha of Mewar defeats Mahmud Khalji in the Battle of Mandalgarh
1443 Abdur Razzaq visits India
Rana Kumbha of Mewar defeats Mahmud Khalji in the Battle of Banas

1446
Mallikarjuna Raya succeeds his father Deva Raya II
26
1449 Sankardev, founder of Ekasarana Dharma was born in Nagaon, Assam.
September
Shri Guru Ravidas Ji was born in 1450 in Varanasi. He was an Indian mystic poet-sant of the
Bhakti movement during the 15th to 16th century CE. Venerated as a guru in the region of
1450
Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, the devotional songs
of Ravidas have had a lasting impact upon the bhakti movement.
1451 19 April Bahlul Khan Lodhi ascends the throne of the Delhi sultanate starting the Lodhi dynasty
Rana Kumbha of Mewar defeats the combined armies of Shams Khan (sultan of Nagaur)
1456 and Qutbuddin Ahmad Shah II (Sultan of Gujarat) in the Battle of Nagaur and captures
Nagaur, Kasili, Khandela and Shakambhari. Nagaur Sultanate ceases to exist.
1469 15 April Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism is born
14
1483 Birth of Babur in Andijan, Fergana Valley in Central Asia
February
1485 Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya drives out Praudha Raya ending the Sangama Dynasty
Advent of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism and leader of the world's
1486
first civil disobedience movement, in Navadwip, West Bengal
Ahmadnagar declares independence, followed by Bijapur and Berar in the same year thus
1490
breaking up the Bahmani Sultanate.
Satal Rathore of Marwar kills Afghan warlord Gudhla Khan in the Battle of Peepar, to rescue
1492 30 March
140 girls abducted by the Afghans. He later succumbs to injuries sustained in the battle.
Vasco de Gama was the first portage's sailor first voyage from Europe to India and back (in
1498 20 May
1499)
16th century
Year Date Event
Kingdom of Cochin is taken over by the Portuguese creating the first European settlement in
1503
India.
The Christian-Islamic power struggle in Europe and the Middle East. Spills over into the
1508 3 February
Indian Ocean as Battle of Chaul during the Portuguese-Mamluk War
Battle of Diu marks the beginning of the dominance of the Europeans in the Asian naval
1509 3 February
theater.
1510 20 May Portuguese India (to 1961)
Kingdom of Mewar under Rana Sanga defeats Lodi Empire under Ibrahim Lodhi in the Battle
1518
of Khatoli, gains control over north eastern Rajasthan.
Kingdom of Mewar under Rana Sanga defeats the Malwa Sultanate and the Gujarat
1519
Sultanate in the Battle of Gagron, obtains control of Malwa.
The Kingdom of Mewar under Rana Sanga again defeats Lodi Empire under Ibrahim Lodi in
1519
the Battle of Dholpur, extends control up to Agra.
1520 Vijayanagara Empire under Krishnadevaraya defeats the Sultanate of Bijapur in the Battle of
Raichur.
Rana Sanga leads a coalition of Rajput armies to invade the Gujarat Sultanate, reinstates
Raimal as the Rao of Idar. The Sultan of Gujarat is forced to flee to Muhammadabad.
Death of mystic poet-sant of the Bhakti movement Shri Guru Ravidas.
1522 Portuguese land on the Coromandel Coast
Portuguese explorers established Santhome Church above the Tomb of Saint Thomas the
1523
Apostle in Chennai.
Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, of the Delhi Sultanate, angers local nobles, who respond by inviting
Babur, the Mughal ruler of Kabul, to invade Delhi and Agra. The local population, plus the
1526 21 April
possession of artillery, assists Babur in killing the Sultan (whose soldiers desert him) at the
Battle of Panipat.
Babur bribes Mewar general Silhadi promising Silhadi a kingdom, if Silhadi betrays Mewar
1527 17 March
King Rana Sanga in Battle of Khanwa, thus leading to the annexation of Mewar.
1530 Astronomer-mathematician Jyeṣṭhadeva of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics

writes the Yuktibhāṣā, a major treatise on mathematics and astronomy in Malayalam
28 Babur[8] completes his Baburnama, reflecting on society, politics, economics, history,

March,27 geography, nature, flora and fauna, which to this day is a standard textbook in 25 countries.
January Babur dies, and is succeeded by his son Humayun.
Ahoms under king Suhungmung defeat Turbak Khan of the Bengal Sultanate in Battle of
1532
Hatbor.
1539 Battle of Chausa fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri in which Humayun defeated.
Guru Angad Dev becomes second guru of Sikhs.
1540 Battle of Kannauj fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri and Humayun was
18
completely defeated. Humayun lost the Mughal empire to Afghans (Suri Dynasty), and
September
passed 12 years in exile.
9 May Birth of Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar ( son of Maharana Udai Singh II )
15
1542 Birth of Akbar at Umerkot.
October
1545 22 May Death of Sher Shah Suri and succeeded by Islam Shah Suri.
1552 26 March Guru Amar Das becomes third Guru of Sikhs.
22
1554 Death of Islam Shah Suri.
November
1555 22 May Humayun regained the throne of Delhi from the hands of weak successors of Sher Shah.
1556 27 Humayun converts from Sunni Islam to Shia Islam, to gain the alliance of the Shah of Persia.
January Humayun dies, and is succeeded by his son Akbar.
7 October Hindu king Hemu defeats Mughal forces in the Battle of Tughlaqabad
Hindu king Hemu establishes 'Hindu Raj' in North India and bestowed with title of
5
"Vikramaditya"; Second Battle of Panipat fought between Hemu and Akbar's forces in which
November
Hemu is killed.
26
1565 Battle of Talikota results in the rout of Vijayanagara empire.
January
1568 Paradesi Synagogue, the first Jewish synagogue in India constructed by the Paradesi Jews.
Akbar annexes Gujarat, also shifts the Mughal capital to Fatehpur Sikri where a new
1572 township and citadel containing buildings of a unique all-India character—inspired by the
architecture of Bengal, Gujarat, Malwa, Kashmir as well as the Timurid world—is born.
1574 1
Guru Ram Das becomes fourth Guru of Sikhs.
September
Akbar annexes Bengal.
1
1581 Guru Arjan Dev becomes fifth Guru of Sikhs.
September
Maharana Pratap defeats Mughal Forces of Akbar in Battle of Dewair in present-day

1582
Rajasthan[33]
1586 6 October Akbar annexes Kashmir.
1589 Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) build in Amritsar by Guru Arjan
31
1600 East India Company is formed in England. Gets exclusive trading rights with India.
December
17th century
Year Date Event
1602 Dutch came to India at Pulicut (back to 1825).
27
1605 Akbar dies, and is succeeded by his son Jahangir.
October
1606 25 May Guru Hargobind is selected to becomes the sixth guru of Sikhs by Guru Arjan
Guru Arjan is tortured and killed under orders of Mughal Emperor Jahangir for refusing to
30 May
convert to Islam.
1612 30
British India (to 1947)
November
24 August East India Company enters into a trade agreement with the Mughal Emperor Jahangir
Susenghphaa, ruler of the Ahom kingdom defeats Mughal forces in a land and naval battle at
1616
Bharali, Assam.[34]
1621 Sikhs army led by Guru Hargobind defeat Mughals in the Battle of Rohilla
Jahangir announces "Chain of Justice" outside his palace that anyone can ring the bell and
1628 get a personal hearing with the emperor. Jahangir dies, and is succeeded by his son Shah
Jahan.
19
1630 Birth of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
February
1634 14 April Sikhs army led by Guru Hargobind defeat Mughals in the Battle of Amritsar (1634)
15 Sikhs army of 2000 led by Guru Hargobind defeat a Mughal army of 36000 in the Battle of
1634
October Lahira and kill the Mughal generals Qumar Beg and Lala Beg.
Sikhs army of 1800 led by Guru Hargobind defeat a Mughal army of 52000 in the Battle of
1635 25 April
Kartarpur
1644 8 March Guru Har Rai becomes seventh guru of Sikhs
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj takes oath of Independence at Raireshwar.
Rani Karnavati of the Garhwal Kingdom repels and defeats invasion attempt by Mughal army
1640
of Shah Jahan.[35]
Shah Jahan completes Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, and Red Fort. Imperial treasuries drained by
1658 architectural and military overexpenditures. Shah Jahan put under house arrest, and is
succeeded by his son Aurangzeb.
1659 Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's ill-equipped and small Maratha army defeat numerically much
19 larger Adilshahi troops at the Battle of Pratapgarh marking the first victory of the Maratha
February Empire. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj personally kills Adilshahi commander Afzal Khan
(general).
27 Marathas under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj defeat the Adilshahi troops in the Battle of
December Kolhapur
Maratha army of 600 defeats a much larger army of the Bijapur Sultanate of 10,000 in the
1660 13 July
Battle of Pavan Khind, near the city of Kolhapur.
1661 3 Marathas under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj defeat Mughal Empire forces in the Battle of
February Umberkhind.
6 October Guru Har Krishan becomes eight guru of Sikhs.
6–10 Marathas under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj defeat Mughal Empire forces in the Battle of
1664
January Surat.
1665 Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj conducts a raid on the Portuguese colony in Basrur and gains a
13
large booty which enables him to strengthen the base of his new kingdom by building a
February
strong navy and forts.
20 March Guru Tegh Bahadur becomes ninth Guru of Sikhs.
1665 11 June Treaty of Purandar (1665) (or पुरं दर चा तह) was signed on 11 June 1665, between Chhatrapati
Shivaji Maharaj and the Rajput ruler Jai Singh I.
28
1669 Jats defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Tilpat takes control of Mathura
November
4 Marathas under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj capture the fort of Sinhagad (then known as
1670
February Kondhana) from the Mughals in the Battle of Sinhagad.
Ahom kingdom defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Saraighat, takes back control of
Guwahati
1671 Chhatrasal revolts against the Mughal Empire with an army of only 5 horsemen and 25
swordsmen. In ten years he conquers a large tract of land between Chitrakoot, Chhatarpur
and Panna in the east and Gwalior in the west, and from Kalpi in the north to Sagar,
Garhakota, Shahgarh and Damoh in the south.
Maratha forces under Prataprao Gujar defeat a Mughal army twice its size in the Battle of
1672 February
Salher
Marathas defeat Mughal forces and capture Kolistan in present day Palghar district of
Maharashtra and the southern regions of Gujarat, in Maratha occupation of Kolistan (1672)
1672
Forces led by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj defeat Aurangzeb's troops, and establishes
6 June
Maratha Empire. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is crowned Chhatrapati.
Marathas defeat the Bijapur Sultanate and capture the Fortress of Ponda after the Siege of
6 May
Ponda
Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhs is tortured and executed in Delhi by the order of
1675 Aurangzeb for his support for the Kashmiri Hindus to practice their religion and for refusing to
24 convert to Islam.
November
Guru Gobind Singh becomes tenth Guru of Sikhs.
3 April Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj dies of fever at Raigad.
1680 20 July Sambhaji becomes 2nd Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire
Kingdom of Venad defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Manacaud
Aurangzeb invades the Deccan
31
1681 January –
Maratha ruler Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj attacks and sacks the Mughal city Burhanpur
2
February
Ahom kingdom defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Itakhuli, takes back control of
1682 August
Kamrup region
Marathas under Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj repel a Mughal attempt to invade Konkan.
1684
Mughals are forced into a slow retreat and suffer great losses.
16 Marathas under Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj defeat the Mughal Army in the Battle of Wai.
1687
December However, Maratha General Hambirrao Mohite is killed.
The Sikandara was plundered by Rajaram Jat. Even the skeleton of Akbar the great, was
1688
taken out and the bones were consumed to flames.
After being ambushed and captured by the Mughals, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj is
tortured and killed for refusing to convert to Islam.
1689 11 March
Rajaram I becomes the third Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire.
1690 Maratha Empire defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Athani
Joint forces of Bhim Chand (Kahlur) of Bilaspur and Guru Gobind Singh defeat Mughal army
1691
in the Battle of Nadaun.
Maratha General Santaji Ghorpade defeats Mughal General Alimardan Khan and captures
him.
1692 December Mughal army under Zulfikhar Ali Khan defeated by Santaji and Dhanaji
Jadhav and Zulfiquar Khan is forced to sue King Rajaram for peace
21
1693 Maratha General Santaji Ghorpade defeats Mughal General Himmat Khan.
November
20
1695 Maratha General Santaji Ghorpade defeats and kills Mughal General Kasim Khan.
November
Sikhs under Guru Gobind Singh defeat Mughal forces in the Battle of Guler (1696)
1696 20
Danish India (to 1869)
November
Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Guru of Sikhs creates Khalsa, the saint-soldier at Anandpur
1699 3 October
Sahib, Punjab.
18th century
Year Date Event
Sikhs army of 1000 under Guru Gobind Singh defeats Mughal army numbering 10,000 in the
Battle of Anandpur (1700)
1700 Rajaram I dies. The infant Shivaji II becomes the Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire, with his
3 March mother Tarabai as the regent. She continues the Maratha battles against the Mughal Empire,
leading the Maratha army herself.
Sikhs army under Guru Gobind Singh defeats Mughal army in the Battle of Nirmohgarh
1702
(1702)
13
Birth of Suraj Mal son of Badan Singh
1707 February
3 March Death of Aurangzeb the mughal monarch.
Guru Gobind Singh is assassinated by Mughals and the Guru Granth Sahib becomes the
1708 7 October
eternal Guru of the Sikhs.
Sikh army under Banda Singh Bahadur defeats Mughal Empire in the Battle of Chappar Chiri
1710 12 May
and establishes Sikh rule from Lahore to Delhi.
Meitei king Pamheipa (Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)) introduces Hinduism as the state religion
1717
and changes the name of the kingdom to the Sanskrit Manipur.
1721 March –
Attingal Outbreak takes place
October
13–14
Madras cyclone occurs
November
Bajirao I appointed by Shahu Maharaj as Peshwa (prime minister) who would later expand
1720
the Maratha empire to cover most of present-day India.
1724 Meitei king Gharib Nawaz of the Ningthouja dynasty invades Burma.
28 Bajirao I defeats the combined forces of the Mughal Empire and the Nizam of Hyderabad in
1728
February the Battle of Palkhed
Maratha Empire under Bajirao defeats Mughal Empire, in response for an appeal for help
1729 March
from Chhatrasal, ruler of Bundelkhand in the Battle of Bundelkhand
Maratha Empire under Bajirao defeats Mughal Empire and Maratha rebel factions in the
1731
Battle of Dabhoi
1737 16 March Marathas under Bajirao I defeat the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Delhi (1737)
24 Marathas defeat a combined army of the Mughal Empire, Nizam of Hyderabad, Nawab of
December Awadh and Nawabs of Bhopal in the Battle of Bhopal
17
Marathas under Bajirao I defeat the Portuguese in the Battle of Vasai, Portuguese army and
1739 February –
administration pulled out of Baçaim (Vasai).
16 May
Raghoji I Bhonsle of the Maratha Empire defeats and kills Dost Ali Khan the Mughal Nawab
1740 May
of Arcot in the Battle of Damalcherry.[36]
1741 Maratha army defeats the Nawab of Carnatic and captures Trichinopoly after the Siege of
26 March
Trichinopoly (1741)
Kingdom of Travancore under Marthanda Varma defeats the Dutch Empire in the Battle of
10 August
Colachel.
1753 10 May Jats under Suraj Mal defeat the Mughal Empire in the Capture of Delhi (1753)
Treaty of Mavelikkara signed between the Kingdom of Travancore and the Dutch East India
15 August Company, effectively ending the political and commercial dominance of the Dutch on the
Kerala coast and beginning of the end of Dutch influence in India.
20
1754 January – Bharatpur State defeat the Marathas in Battle of Kumher
18 May
Black Hole of Calcutta infamous incident where soldiers of East India Company were held
1756
hostage in tortuous conditions, later served as a precedent for the Battle of Plassey
1757 16
Maratha Empire defeats Durrani Empire, in the Battle of Narela.
January
British East India Company defeats the Nawab of Bengal in the Battle of Plassey, marking
23 June
the beginning of British conquests in India.
11 August Maratha Empire defeats Rohilla Afghans in the Battle of Delhi (1757), captures Delhi.
12
1757 Jats defeats Durrani Empire, in the Battle of Bharatpur (1757)
February
1758 Third Carnatic War
Maratha Empire led by Raghunathrao and Mahadaji Shinde defeats Durrani Empire in the
28 April
Battle of Attock (1758), captures Attock.
Maratha Empire led by Raghunathrao, Malhar Rao Holkar and Tukoji Rao Holkar defeats
8 May
Durrani Empire in the Battle of Peshawar (1758), captures Peshawar.
1759 French India (to 1954)
Maratha Empire supported by Sikh Sukerchakia Misl defeats Durrani Empire in the Battle of
Lahore (1759)
Marathas comprehensively defeat the Nizam in the Battle of Udgir.

1760 3 January
Maratha Empire reaches its zenith.
1760 Battle at Wandewash, British troops beat French
The Marathas are routed in the Third Battle of Panipat on 14 January 1761, by the Afghans
January led by Ahmad Shah Durrani, also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali. The battle is considered
one of the largest battles fought in the 18th century.
Capture of Agra Fort by the Kingdom of Bharatpur led by king Suraj Mal, defeating the
1761 12 June
armies of the Mughal Empire and Rohilla Afghans
The Sukerchakia Misl of Dal Khalsa (Sikh Empire) defeats the Durrani Empire in the Battle of
August
Sialkot (1761)
September The Sikh Confederacy defeats the Durrani Empire in the Battle of Gujranwala (1761)
Vadda Ghalughara, the massacre of 30,000 Sikhs, mostly non-combatants, by the army of
5 February
Ahmad Shah Durrani
1762
Sikh Misls under Jassa Singh Ahluwalia defeat the Durrani Empire in the Battle of
May
Harnaulgarh
Maratha Empire led by Madhavrao I defeats the Nizam of Hyderabad in the Battle of
10 August
Rakshasbhuvan and gains territory.
1763
25
Suraj Mal dies
December
26 Sikh Misls under Jassa Singh Ahluwalia defeat the Durrani Empire in the Battle of Sirhind
February (1764) and capture Sirhind
1764
22
Battle of Buxar (British victory against allied Mughal, Bengal and Oudh forces)
October
Kingdom of Bharatpur led by king Jawahar Singh defeats the Mughal Empire in the Battle of
1765 February
Delhi (1764)
First Anglo-Mysore War begins, in which Hyder Ali of Mysore defeats the armies of the British
1767
East India Company.
Great Bengal famine of 1770, estimated to have caused the deaths of about 10 million
people.[37] Warren Hastings's 1772 report estimated that a third of the population in the
1770
affected region starved to death. The famine is attributed to failed monsoon and exploitative
policies of the East India Company.[38]
Marathas led by Mahadaji Shinde defeat Rohilla Afghans and re-capture Delhi and parts of
North India, thus reasserting their supremacy in north India. As revenge for the losses in the
1771
Battle of Panipat, the Maratha army devastated Rohilkhand by looting and plundering and
also took the members of royal family as captives.
1772 22 May Ram Mohan Roy Born (to 1833)
1773 Narayanrao Peshwa is murdered by his uncle Raghunathrao's wife in front of Raghunathrao.
Regulating Act of 1773
Warren Hastings appointed as first Governor-General of Bengal

Chief Justice of the Maratha Empire, Ram Shastri passes death sentence against the ruling
1774
Peshwa Raghunathrao for murdering his nephew.
1775 First Anglo-Maratha War
Alliance of Shekhawat chieftains and Kingdom of Jaipur defeat the Mughal Empire supported
June
by Baloch chieftains in the Battle of Mandan
Maratha sardar Mahadji Shinde routs the East India Company army at the Battle of
1779
Wadgaon. War ends with the restoration of status quo as per Treaty of Salbai.
1780 Second Anglo-Mysore War begins.
1781 Maratha Empire defeats forces of the British East India Company in the Battle of Bhorghat.
1784 Second Anglo-Mysore War ends with the Treaty of Mangalore.
Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam, suffer extreme hardships, torture,

death, forcibly converted to Sunni Islam. Of the 60,000–80,000 Christians taken captive, only
15,000–20,000 survive.
1786 District collectors in Bengal were made responsible for settling the revenue and collecting it.
Maratha Empire defeats Tipu Sultan, the king of Mysore in the Maratha–Mysore War,
resulting in the Treaty of Gajendragad. Tipu Sultan is forced to pay 4.8 million rupees as a
1787
war cost to the Marathas, an annual tribute of 1.2 million rupees and return all the territory
captured by his father Hyder Ali
1789 Third Anglo-Mysore War begins.
Tipu Sultan invades Malabar (present day Kerala), destroys a number of temples including
the temples of Bhagamandala, Payyavoor, Ammakoottam Mahadevi temple and
Thrikkadamba Sri.mahavishnu temple. Thousands are killed, women raped and populace
forced to convert to Islam,
1790 The Marathas under Holkar and General de Boigne defeat the Rajputs of Jaipur and
Mughals at the Battle of Patan, where 3000+ Rajput cavalry is killed and the entire Mughal
unit vanquished. The defeat crushes Rajput hope of independence from external influence
May Kingdom of Travancore defeats the Kingdom of Mysore in the Battle of Nedumkotta
1792 Third Anglo-Mysore War ends.
1793 Birth of Rani Rashmoni, one of the pioneers of the Bengali Renaissance.
1795 Maratha Empire defeats the Nizam of Hyderabad in the Battle of Kharda, Nizam ceded
11 March
territory.
13 August Death of Ahilyabai Holkar
1796 Ching-Thang Khomba moves Manipur's capital to Kangla
1798 Fourth Anglo-Mysore War begins.
1799 Fourth Anglo-Mysore War ends with the death of Tipu Sultan, the victory of the East India
Company, and the restoration of their ally, the Wodeyar dynasty of Mysore.
Polygar War
1800 13 March Death of Nana Fadnavis
19th century
Year Date Event
Maharaja Ranjit Singh establishes Khalsa rule of Punjab from Lahore. Khalsa army liberates
1801 12 April
Kashmiri Pandits and invades Afghanistan via the Khyber Pass.
The Kingdom of Kottayam defeats the British East India Company in the Battle of
1802
Panamarathukotta
1803 The Second Anglo-Maratha War begins.
17
1805 The Second Anglo-Maratha War ends.
December
1806 10 July Vellore mutiny
Hari Singh Nalwa, commander of the Sikh Khalsa Army of the Sikh Empire defeats the
1807
Durrani Empire in the Battle of Kasur, the first in a series of battles.
1809 25 April The East India Company signs the first Treaty of Amritsar with Ranjit Singh.
28
1811 The death of Yashwantrao Holkar
October
Dewan Mokham Chand and Hari Singh Nalwa, commanders of the Sikh Khalsa Army of the
1813 13 July
Sikh Empire defeat the Durrani Empire in the Battle of Attock and capture Attock
15
1814 "Atmiya Sabha" is established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
January
The Third Anglo-Maratha War begins.
3 June, 20
1817 Establishment of Hindu College (Presidency College, now Presidency
January
University, Kolkata)
1818 March – 2 Sikh Empire defeats the Durrani Empire and captures Multan after the Siege of Multan
June (1818).
31 The Third Anglo-Maratha War ends with the defeat of Bajirao II and the end of the Maratha
December Empire, leaving the East India Company with control of almost the whole of India.
Sikh Empire defeats the Durrani Empire in the Battle of Shopian and captures Srinagar and
1819 3 July
Kashmir.
31
1820 Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar is born (to 1891).
December
1823 5 March Anglo-Burmese Wars (to 1826)
Sikh Empire defeats the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Nawab of Amb to annex Peshawar
14 March
Valley, in the Battle of Nowshera
12
1824 Dayananda Saraswati is born (to 1883)
February
December
1825 –
1825 Battle between British East India Company and Bharatpur State
January
1826
1826 4 January British rule in Burma (to 1947)
1827 11 April Jyotirao Phule is born (to 1890)
19
1828 Rani of Jhansi Laxmi bai was born (to 1858)
November
1829 Kol uprising
1831 6 May Sikh Empire defeats the Mujahideen forces of Syed Ahmad Barelvi in the Battle of Balakot
Sikh Empire defeats the forces of Afghan Durrani Empire in the Battle of Peshawar (1834).
1834 6 May
Peshawar becomes part of the Sikh Empire.
18
1836 Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa is born (to 1886)
February
Hari Singh Nalwa, commander of the Sikh Khalsa Army defeats the Durrani Empire in the
18
1837 Battle of Jamrud and extends the frontier of Sikh Empire to beyond the Indus River right up
February
to the mouth of the Khyber Pass.
1839 First Anglo-Afghan War
1845 13
First Anglo-Sikh Wars (to 1849)
January
4
Vasudev Balwant Phadke is born (to 1883)
November
22 The Sikh Empire under Sher Singh Attariwalla defeats the British East India Company under
1848
November Sir Hugh Gough in the Battle of Ramnagar
13 The Sikh Empire under Sher Singh Attariwalla defeats the British East India Company under
1849
January Sir Hugh Gough in the Battle of Chillianwala
1853 1 April The Post Service started.
1853 16 April The first railway is established between Bombay and Thane.
1855 31 May Rani Rashmoni builds the Dakshineswar Kali Temple.
30 June Santhal rebellion
1856 25 July Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856
23 July Bal Gangadhar Tilak is born (to 1920)
20 August Narayana Guru is born (to 1928)
1857 British victory in Indian Rebellion of 1857.
10 May Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was deposed by British East India
Company and India transferred to British Crown.
18 July, 24 India's first three universities, the University of Mumbai, the University of Madras and the
January University of Calcutta, are established.
1858 18 June
Rani of Jhansi, Rani Lakshmibai died
1858
1
British Raj (to 1947)
November
7
Bipin Chandra Pal is born (to 1932)
November
1859 18 April Death of Tatya Tope
1861 7 May Rabindranath Tagore is born.
1862 The high courts of Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay are established.[39]
12
1863 Swami Vivekanand is born (to 1902)
January
28
1865 Lala Lajpat Rai is born (to 1928)
January
"Prarthana Samaj" established earlier known as "Atmiya Sabha", "Tahzeeb-ul-Akhlaq" was

1867 31 March
started
Mahatma Gandhi is born (to 30 January 1948)

1869 2 October
Thakkar Bapa is born (to 1951)
24
1873 Jyotirao Phule establishes the Satyashodhak Samaj society.
September
1875 10 April "Arya Samaj" is established.
Aligarh Muslim University
Deccan Riots
25
1876 Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born (1876–1948)
December
1877 1 January The first Delhi Durbar
30
1883 Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati dies
October
28
1885
December The Indian National Congress is established[40]
14
1889 Jawaharlal Nehru is born (to 1964).
November
3
1889 Khudiram Bose is born (to 1908).
December
1891 14 April B. R. Ambedkar is born (to 1956).
1891 31 March Anglo-Manipur War.
1895 11 May jiddu krishnamurti is born (to 17 February 1986).
1897 23 Subhas Chandra Bose is born (to 1945); the first fingerprint bureau of India is established in
January Calcutta.
11 June Ram Prasad Bismil is born
22 June Chapekar brothers assassinate W.C.Rand.
20th century
Year Date Event
1900 3 March Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi is born (to 1966).
1902 Anushilan Samiti, revolutionary association formed.
1903 11
British expedition to Tibet
December
1 January Delhi Durbar Second Time.
1904 5 November University Act
1905 Bharat Sevak Samaj founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
16 October Partition of Bengal (1905)
1906 Jugantar formed.
30
Muslim League formed in Dacca.
December
1907 Surat Split
1908 Alipore bomb case
1909 Morley-Minto Reforms
1911 Cancellation of Partition of Bengal
Delhi Durbar Third Time
1911 12
December The British government moves the capital from Calcutta to Delhi.[41]
1912 Delhi conspiracy case
1913 Gadar Party formed.
Rabindranath Tagore won Nobel Prize in Literature
1914 Hindu–German Conspiracy
1915 Ghadar conspiracy
Provisional Government of India formed in Kabul.
Mahatma Gandhi returns to India.
1916 Lucknow Pact
1917 Champaran Satyagraha
Justice Party (India) is founded
1918 Kheda Satyagraha and Ahmedabad Mill Strike
1919 13 April Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms
Rowlatt Act is passed

18 March
Diarchy
1920 Non-cooperation movement Khilafat Movement
1922 5 February Chauri Chaura incident
1924 The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association is formed.
1925 9 August Kakori conspiracy
27
1925 Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) is founded.
September
1927 20 March Mahad Satyagraha
November Simon Commission
1928 Bardoli Satyagraha

1929 Central Assembly bombed by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt.
Purna Swaraj resolution.
1930 Salt Satyagraha, the civil disobedience movement, begins with the Dandi march.
The first Round Table Conferences (India)
1931 March Gandhi–Irwin Pact
23 March Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev martyred
September–
The second Round Table Conferences (India)
December
1932 24
Poona Pact
September
16 August Communal Award
November–
The third Round Table Conferences (India)
December
1935 August Government of India Act 1935
1937 1937 Indian provincial elections
1939 The All India Forward Bloc established by Subhas Chandra Bose
1940 23 March Lahore Resolution
The All-India Jamhur Muslim League established by Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi to support a
united India
8 August August offer 1940
1942 late March Cripps' mission
1. Quit India Movement

August
2. The Indian National Army is established by Subhas Chandra Bose.
1943 Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, the Provisional Government of Free India is formed by Netaji.
1944 Subhas Chandra Bose calls Mahatma Gandhi the Father of the Nation.
1945 18 August Subhas Chandra Bose death in plane crash at Taiwan.
Wavell Plan, Simla Conference
1946 February Royal Indian Navy mutiny
March Cabinet Mission
16 August Direct Action Day/Great Calcutta Killings
October–
Noakhali riots
November
1947 July Indian Independence Act 1947 by British Raj
Partition of India and Pakistan becomes an independent state on 14 August 1947.[40]
Freedom from British Raj.
Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition, continuing

to 1948.
1948 30 January Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse.
War with Pakistan over disputed territory of Kashmir.
Telangana and other princely states are integrated into Indian union.
1950 26 January India became a republic.
Reconstruction of the Somnath temple under the orders of the Home Minister of India
1951
Vallabhbhai Patel.[42]
Congress Party wins first general elections under leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru (to
1951
1952).
1955 Nationalisation of the Indian insurance sector. Establishment of LIC.
1956 14 October B. R. Ambedkar converted to Buddhism along with 600,000 followers.
6 December B. R. Ambedkar died.
1962 War over disputed territory of Kashmir[40] with China.

India seizes Diu, Daman and Goa from Portuguese India.
1964 27 May Death of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
6–23
1965 Second war with Pakistan over Kashmir.
September
1966 11 January Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri's mysterious death in Tashkent.
1966 Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister.
1969 19 July Nationalisation of 14 major private Banks.
ISRO
15
formed
August
under UAE.
1971 3–16
Third war with Pakistan, culminating in the creation of Bangladesh
December
Twenty-year treaty of friendship signed with Soviet Union.
1974 India Smiling Buddha first nuclear device in underground test.
1975 Indira Gandhi declares a state of emergency after being found guilty of electoral
malpractice.
Nearly 1,000 political opponents imprisoned and programme of compulsory birth control
introduced. (to 1977)
Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses general elections. Janata Party comes to power.
1977
The Communist Party of India comes into power in West Bengal.
1979 The Janata Party splits. Chaudhary Charan Singh becomes Prime Minister.
Indira Gandhi returns to power heading the Congress party splinter group, Congress
1980
(Indira).
N. T. Rama Rao NTR's nine-month-old Telugu Desam assumes power in AP becoming a

1983
challenger post Loknayak Jayprakash Narayan against Indira Gandhi.
1983 India won World Cup for the first time, in one day international Cricket led by Kapil Dev.
1984 Troops storm Golden Temple, the Sikhs' most holy shrine, after Jarnail Singh
Bhindranwale seeks refuge inside. There are a movement to flush out Sikh separatism
and calls for secularism, called Operation Blue Star. "Anti-Sikh Riots 1984".
Indira Gandhi is assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards; her son, Rajiv, takes over.
Many Sikhs were killed due to the assassination of Indira Gandhi. see 1984 anti-Sikh
riots.
1987 India deploys troops for peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict.
SEBI was established by The Government of India on 12 April 1988 and given statutory
1988
powers in 1992 with SEBI Act 1992 being passed by the Indian Parliament.
1989 Falling public support leads to a Congress defeat in general election.
The National Front (India), headed by V. P. Singh and led by Janata Dal, is formed and
1989
storms into power with outside support from BJP and CPI.
Muslim separatist groups begin campaign of violence against Hindus in Kashmir resulting
1990
in Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus.
1991 Rajiv Gandhi is assassinated by a suicide bomber sympathetic to Sri Lanka's Tamil
Tigers.
An economic reform programme is begun by Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao.
1992 Babri Mosque in Ayodhya is demolished, triggering widespread Hindu-Muslim violence.
Over 200 people die in Cuttack in Odisha, after drinking illegally brewed liquor in the 1992
Odisha liquor deaths incident.
West Bengal Chief Minister Jyoti Basu made the first call from Kolkata to inaugurate the
1995 July
cellular services in India.
Congress suffers its worst electoral defeat ever as BJP emerges as the largest single
1996
party.
The Amarnath Yatra tragedy in which at least 194 pilgrims are reported to have frozen to
1996 August
death in northern Kashmir after being stranded by violent rain and snow storms.
1998 BJP forms coalition government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
India and Pakistan carry out nuclear tests, leading to widespread international
condemnation.
1999 Vajpayee makes a historic bus trip to Pakistan to meet Premier Nawaz Sharif and to sign
February
bilateral Lahore peace declaration.
Indian Army launches operations to evict Pakistani forces occupying Indian positions on
May
the icy heights in Kargil district, known as the Kargil War.
October The Cyclone devastates eastern state of Odisha, leaving at least 10,000 dead.
2000 March US President Bill Clinton makes a groundbreaking visit to improve ties.
May India marks the birth of its billionth citizen.
The states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand were created on 15 November

November
2000.
21st century
Year Date Event
2001 The 7.7 Mw Gujarat earthquake shakes Western India with a maximum Mercalli
26 January intensity of X (Extreme), leaving 13,805–20,023 dead and about 166,800
injured.
Vajpayee meets Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf in the first summit

July between the two neighbours in more than two years. The meeting ends without
a breakthrough or even a joint statement because of differences over Kashmir.
Vajpayee's BJP party declines his offer to resign over a number of political
July scandals and the apparent failure of his talks with Pakistani President
Musharraf.
US lifts sanctions which it imposed against India and Pakistan after they staged
September nuclear tests in 1998. The move is seen as a reward for their support for the
US-led anti-terror campaign.
India and Pakistan fire at each other's military posts in the heaviest firing along
October
the dividing line of control in Kashmir for almost a year.[43]
Pakistani forces shelled the village of Arnia about three km (two miles) from the
October border in the early hours of Monday 6 June, killing five and wounding at least
two dozen civilians.[43]
Suicide squad attacks parliament in New Delhi, killing several police. The five
December
gunmen die in the assault.
India imposes sanctions against Pakistan, to force it to take action against two
December Kashmir militant groups blamed for the suicide attack on parliament. Pakistan
retaliates with similar sanctions, and bans the groups in January.
India, Pakistan mass troops on common border amid mounting fears of a

December
looming war.
2002 War of words between Indian and Pakistani leaders intensifies. Actual war
seems imminent.
India successfully test-fires a nuclear-capable ballistic missile – the Agni – off

January
its eastern coast.
Inter-religious bloodshed breaks out after 59 Hindu pilgrims returning from

Ayodhya are killed in a train fire in Godhra, Gujarat. More than 1,000 people,
February die in subsequent riots. (Police and officials blamed the fire on a Muslim mob; a
2005 government investigation said it was an accident, though later court and
SIT report held Muslim mob responsible.)
Pakistan test-fires three medium-range surface-to-surface Ghauri missiles,

May
which are capable of carrying nuclear warheads.
UK, US urge their citizens to leave India and Pakistan, while maintaining
June
diplomatic offensive to avert war.
Retired scientist and architect of India's missile programme A. P. J. Abdul

July
Kalam is elected president.
2003 August At least 50 people are killed in two simultaneous bomb blasts in Bombay.
November India matches Pakistan's declaration of a Kashmir ceasefire.
December India, Pakistan agree to resume direct air links and to allow overflights.
2004 Groundbreaking meeting is held between government and moderate Kashmir

January
separatists.
Surprise victory for Congress Party in general elections. Manmohan Singh is

May
sworn in as prime minister.
India, along with Brazil, Germany and Japan, launches an application for a
September
permanent seat on the UN Security Council.
November India begins to withdraw some of its troops from Kashmir.
Thousands are killed when tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean
December earthquake off the Indonesian coast, devastate coastal communities in the
south and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
2005 More than 1,000 people are killed in floods and landslides caused by monsoon
July
rains in Mumbai (Bombay) and Maharashtra region.
The 7.6 Mw Kashmir earthquake strikes with a maximum Mercalli intensity of

8 October VIII (Severe), leaving 86,000–87,351 people dead, 69,000–75,266 injured, and
2.8 million homeless.
2006 India's largest-ever rural jobs scheme is launched, aimed at lifting around 60
February
million families out of poverty.
US and India sign a nuclear agreement during a visit by US President George

March W. Bush. The US gives India access to civilian nuclear technology while India
agrees to greater scrutiny for its nuclear programme.
2007 India and Pakistan sign an agreement aimed at reducing the risk of accidental
February
nuclear war.
68 passengers, most of them Pakistanis, are killed by bomb blasts and a blaze
18 February
on a train travelling from New Delhi to the Pakistani city of Lahore.
Maoist rebels in Chhattisgarh state kill more than 50 policemen in a dawn

March
attack.
April India's first commercial space rocket is launched, carrying an Indian satellite.
Government announces its strongest economic growth figures for 20 years –

May
9.4% in the year to March.
At least nine people are killed in a bomb explosion at the main mosque in
May
Hyderabad. Several others are killed in subsequent rioting.
India says the number of its people with HIV or AIDS is about half of earlier
July official tallies. Health ministry figures put the total at between 2 million and 3.1
million cases, compared with previous estimates of more than 5 million.
July Pratibha Patil becomes first woman to be elected president of India.
2008 Series of explosions kills 49 in Ahmedabad, in Gujarat state. The little-known

July
terrorist group Indian Mujahideen claims responsibility.
Following approval by the US Congress, President George W. Bush signs into

October law a nuclear deal with India, which ends a three-decade ban on US nuclear
trade with Delhi.
India successfully launches its first mission to the moon, the unmanned lunar
October
probe Chandrayaan-1.
The 2008 Mumbai attacks (often called the 26/11 attacks) kill 174 people,
including 9 of the 10 terrorists from Lashkar-e-Taiba, an Islamic terrorist
November
organisation based in Pakistan. India decides not to attack Pakistan in
retaliation.
India announces "pause" in peace process with Pakistan. Indian cricket team
December
cancels planned tour of Pakistan.
2009 India and Russia sign deals worth $700 million, according to which Moscow will
February
supply Uranium to Delhi.
Resounding general election victory gives governing Congress-led alliance of

May PM Manmohan Singh an enhanced position in parliament, only 11 seats short
of an absolute majority.
July Delhi court decriminalizes gay sex

2010 16 people are killed in a bomb explosion at German Bakery in the city of Pune,
13 February
Maharashtra.
2011 India wins cricket world cup after 28 years under the captaincy of Mahendra
2 April
Singh Dhoni.
After 34 years of Left Front Government, Trinamool Congress and Congress

13 May
alliance come to power in West Bengal.
2012 Pranab Mukherjee, the former Finance Minister is elected as the 13th president
25 July
of India.
2013 12 February Indian helicopter bribery scandal comes to light.
21 February Terror attacks in Hyderabad in Dilsukhnagar area.
Mars Orbiter Mission, is successfully launched into Mars orbit by the Indian
5 November
Space Research Organisation (ISRO).[44][45][46]
2014 Narendra Modi elected as prime minister of India, Congress was routed in the
16 May
general elections.
2 June Telangana, The state of Telangana was officially formed on 2 June 2014.
2016 2–5 January Terror Attacks on Pathankot Air Base.[47]

27 June India becomes a member of Missile Technology Control Regime.
India launches its first space laboratory Astrosat in its biggest project since its
27 September
Mars orbiter mission in 2014.
India signs a billion-dollar defence deal with France to buy 36 Rafale fighter
23 September
jets.
In a surprise announcement, the government withdraws high denomination

8 November notes from circulation causing chaotic scenes at banks across the country as
customers try to exchange old notes.
2017 The Goods and Services Tax (GST) launched, the biggest tax reform in history
30 June
of India.
2019 A convoy of vehicles carrying Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel
14 February on the Jammu–Srinagar National Highway was attacked by a vehicle-borne
suicide bomber in the Pulwama district, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
The 2019 Balakot airstrike was conducted by India, when Indian warplanes
crossed the de facto border in the disputed region of Kashmir, and dropped
26 February
bombs in the vicinity of the town of Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in
Pakistan.
The 2019 Balakot strike from Indian side was given a reply named "Swift
Retort". After a dog fight between Pakistani and Indian Fighter Pilots. Indian
Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman was captured by the Pakistani side.
27 February
However acting to the pressure of various global leaders and bound by the
Vienna Convention. Pakistan was Forced to release the Indian Pilot with all due
respect.
Narendra Modi re-elected as the Prime Minister of India, Congress routed once
22 May
again
The state of Jammu and Kashmir divided into two separate union territories
5 August known as Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh by scrapping of Article 370 of the
Constitution of India.
The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 was passed by the Parliament of India
on 11 December 2019. It amended the Citizenship Act of 1955 by providing a
11 December path to Indian citizenship for members of Hindu, Sikh, Buddhiist, Jain, Parsi,
and Christian religious minorities, who had fled persecution from Pakistan,
Bangladesh and Afghanistan before December 2014.
The first COVID-19 case of the country was reported in Kerala's Thrissur
2020 30 January
district.
2021
2022
See also
Chronology of Tamil history
Hindu units of time
Sikh gurus (1469–1666)
Tamil units of measurement
Timeline of Ahmedabad
Timeline of Ayyavazhi history
Timeline of Hinduism
Timeline of Buddhism (563 BCE – present)
Timeline of Jainism
Timeline of Mumbai
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Bibliography
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External links
BBC India Timeline (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12641776)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Indian_history&oldid=1128708088"
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12/25/22, 10:27 AM Timeline of Indian history - Wikipedia

Timeline of Indian history

Pre-90th century BCE

Madrasian culture sites have been found in Attirampakkam

Evidence for presence of Hominins with Acheulean technology 150,000–

Technology similar to contemporary artifacts found used by Homo sapiens

Paleolithic industries in South India Tamil Nadu 30,000 BCE[13]

90th–50th century BCE

50th–40th century BCE

Over the course of next 1000–1500 years, inhabitants of the Civilization

large non-residential buildings.[18] The civilization depended significantly on

30th century BCE-20th century BCE

19th century BCE

18th century BCE

17th century BCE

15th century BCE

14th century BCE

13th century BCE

12th century BCE

11th century BCE

Year Date Event

10th century BCE

9th century BCE

8th century BCE

7th century BCE

Year Date Event

6th century BCE

600 Sixteen Maha Janapadas ("Great Realms" or "Great Kingdoms") emerge.

The Chola, Pandya, and Chera dynasties are established.

5th century BCE

4th century BCE

326 Ambhi king of Takshila surrenders to Alexander.

Seleucus gives up his territories in the subcontinent (Afghanistan/Baluchistan) to Chandragupta

3rd century BCE

2nd century BCE

200 Kuninda Kingdom is established.

Indo-Greek Kingdom (also known as the Yavana Kingdom) is established. It was a

1st century BCE

Year Date Event

35 Western Satraps formed.

68 Establishment of the Kushan Empire by Kujula Kadphises.

The Pallava dynasty is established

320 Chandragupta I ascends the Gupta throne.

380 Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta Emperor.

413 Kumaragupta I, Adopted the title of Mahendraditya.

455 Skandagupta, Faced Hunas effectively.

Invasions by the Huna.

Confederation of Indian rulers Yashodharman, Narasimhagupta and Adityavardhana defeat the

554 Collapse of Gupta Empire after the death of Vishnugupta.

Varāhamihira, ancient Indian astrologer, astronomer, and polymath writes the

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Indian_history र्ष 9/35

as an attractive force, and uses the term "gurutvākarṣaṇam (गुरुत्वाकर्षणम्)]" in Sanskrit to

Ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer Brahmagupta completes the astronomical

Confederacy of Indian kings consisting of Nagabhata I of Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty and Bappa

Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin of the Chalukyas of Navasarika kingdom defeats an invasion

788 Birth of Adi Shankara

Vikramashila University is established by the Pala emperor Dharmapala in present day

814 Nripatunga Amoghavarsha I becomes Rashtrakuta emperor. Kannada literature flourishes.

836 Gurjara-Pratihara (to 910)

1000 Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni