1.

The stalling speed of an aeroplane will be highest when it is loaded with

ANS A – high gross mass and aft center of gravity

2. If an aeroplane is at a higher mass than anticipated, for a given airspeed the angle of attack
will

ANS C – be greater, drag will increase and endurance will decrease

3. Overloading has the following effects on performance:

ANS A – Increased takeoff and landing distance, reduced rate of climb, and increased fuel
consumption.

4. Who establishes the limits of C of G?

ANS C – The manufacturer

5. In mass and balance calculations the “index” is:

ANS– A location in the aeroplane identified by a number

6. The distance from the datum to the CG is:

ANS C – the balance arm

Cla
ssi
fica
tio
n:
Ext
ern
al
 7. By adding to the basic empty mass the following fixed necessary equipment for a specific
flight (catering, safety and rescue equipment, fly away kit, crew), we get:

ANS C DOM

8. The actual Zero Fuel Mass is equal to the:

ANS C – Dry Operating mass plus the traffic load

9. The actual “Take-Off Mass” is equivalent to: A – Actual Zero Fuel Mass plus the traffic load
B – Dry Operating Mass plus take-off fuel and the traffic load C – Dry Operating Mass plus the
take-off fuel D – Actual Landing Mass plus the take-off fuel
ANS B – Dry Operating Mass plus take-off fuel and the traffic load

10 The Traffic Load is defined as:

ASN – The total mass of passengers, baggage and cargo, including any non- revenue load

11 The chemical fluids used to charge the aircraft toilets are counted as:

ANS B – part of the dry operating mass

12. A flight benefits from a strong tail wind which was not forecast. On arrival at destination a
straight in approach and immediate landing clearance is given. The landing mass will be higher
than planned and:

ANS C – the landing distance required will be longer

13. An aeroplane is performance limited to a landing mass of 54230 kg. The Dry Operating
Mass is 35000 kg and the zero fuel mass is 52080 kg. If the take-off mass is 64280 kg the useful
load is:

C – 29280 kg
Cla
ssi
fica 14. A revenue flight is to be made by a jet transport. The following are the aeroplane structural
tio limits: Maximum Ramp Mass: 69900 kg Maximum Take Off Mass: 69300 kg Maximum
n:
Ext
ern
al
 Landing Mass: 58900 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 52740 kg Take Off and Landing Mass are
not performance limited Dry Operating Mass: 34900 kg Trip Fuel: 11800 kg Taxi Fuel: 500 kg
Contingency & final reserve fuel: 1600 kg Alternate Fuel: 1900 kg The maximum traffic load
that can be carried is:

Ans D 17840

15. Aeroplane Dry Operating mass 85000 kg Performance limited take-off mass 127000 kg
Performance limited landing mass 98500 kg Maximum zero fuel mass 89800 kg Fuel
requirements for flight: Trip fuel 29300 kg Contingency and final reserve fuel 3600 kg Alternate
fuel 2800 kg The maximum traffic load that can be carried on this flight is:

Ans C – 4800

16. Dry operating mass = 38000 kg Maximum structural take-off mass = 72000 kg Maximum
landing mass = 65000 kg Maximum zero fuel mass = 61000 kg Fuel burn = 8000 kg Take-off
Fuel = 10300 kg The maximum allowed take-off mass and payload are respectively:

D – 71300 kg and 23000 kg

17. Given an aeroplane with: Maximum Structural Landing Mass: 125000 kg Maximum Zero
Fuel Mass: 108500 kg Maximum Structural Take-off Mass: 155000 kg Dry Operating Mass:
82000 kg Scheduled trip fuel is 17000 kg and the reserve fuel is 5000 kg Assuming performance
limitations are not restricting, the maximum permitted take-off mass and maximum traffic load
are respectively:

Ans C – 130500 kg and 26500 kg

Cla
ssi 18 . An aeroplane is to depart from an airfield where the performance limited takeoff mass is
fica 89200 kg. Certificated maximum masses are as follows: Ramp (taxi) mass: 89930 kg Maximum
tio Take-off mass: 89430 kg Maximum Landing mass: 71520 kg Actual Zero fuel mass: 62050 kg
n:
Ext
ern
al
 Fuel on board at ramp: Taxi fuel 600 kg Trip fuel 17830 kg Contingency, final reserve and
alternate 9030 kg If the Dry Operating Mass is 40970 kg the traffic load that can be carried on
this flight is:

Ans B – 21080 kg

19. The medium range twin jet transport is scheduled to operate from a departure airfield where
conditions limit the take-off mass to 65050 kg. The destination airfield has a performance limited
landing mass of 54500 kg. The Dry Operating mass is 34900 kg. Loading data is as follows: Taxi
fuel: 350 kg Trip fuel: 9250 kg Contingency and final reserve fuel 1100 kg Alternate fuel: 1000
kg Traffic load: 18600 kg

ANS. C – The flight is ‘landing mass’ limited and the traffic load must be reduced to 17500 kg

20. Maximum structural take-off mass: 146000 kg / Maximum structural landing mass: 93900
kg Actual zero fuel mass: 86300 kg / Trip fuel: 27000 kg / Taxi fuel: 1000 kg / Contingency fuel:
1350 kg Alternate fuel: 2650 kg / Final reserve fuel: 3000 kg / Determine the actual take-off
mass:

ANS A – 120900 kg

21. A revenue flight is to be made by a jet transport. The following are the aeroplane structural
limits: Maximum Ramp Mass: 69500 kg Maximum Take Off Mass: 69300 kg Maximum
Landing Mass: 58900 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 52740 kg Take off and Landing mass are
not performance limited Dry Operating Mass: 34930 kg Trip Fuel: 11500 kg Taxi Fuel: 250 kg
Contingency & final reserve fuel: 1450 kg / Alternate Fuel: 1350 kg The maximum traffic load
that can be carried is: A – 21070 kg B – 21170 kg C – 17810 kg D – 20420 kg

Cla ANS. C – 17810 kg

ssi
fica
tio
n:
Ext
ern
al
 22. The crew of a transport aeroplane prepares a flight using the following data: Block fuel:
40000 kg Trip fuel: 29000 kg Taxi fuel: 800 kg Maximum take-off mass: 170000 kg Maximum
landing mass: 148500 kg Maximum zero fuel mass: 112500 kg Dry operating mass: 80400 kg
The maximum traffic load for this flight is:

ANS D – 32100 kg

23. A revenue flight is planned for the transport aeroplane. Take-off mass is not airfield limited.
The following data applies: Dry Operating Mass 34930 kg Performance limited landing mass
55000 kg Fuel on board at ramp Taxi fuel 350 kg Trip fuel 9730 kg Contingency and final
reserve fuel 1200 kg Alternate fuel 1600 kg Passengers on board 130 Standard mass for each
passenger 84 kg

Ans A – 4530 kg

24. . Dry Operating Mass: 29800 kg Maximum Take-off Mass: 52400 kg Maximum Zero-Fuel
Mass: 43100 kg Maximum Landing Mass: 46700 kg Trip Fuel: 4000 kg Fuel quantity at brakes
release: 8000 kg The maximum traffic load is:

ANS C – 12900 kg

25. The take-off mass of an aeroplane is 117000 kg, comprising a traffic load of 18000 kg and
fuel of 46000 kg. What is the dry operating mass?

ANS A – 53000 kg

26.A flight has been made from London to Valencia carrying minimum fuel and maximum
traffic load. On the return flight the fuel tanks in the aeroplane are to be filled to capacity with a
total fuel load of 20100 litres at a fuel density of 0.79 kg/l. The following are the aeroplane
structural limits: Maximum Ramp Mass: 68900 kg Maximum Take Off Mass: 69300 kg
Cla Maximum Landing Mass: 58900 kg Maximum Zero Fuel Mass: 52740 kg The performance
ssi limited Take off mass at Valencia is 67330 kg The landing mass at London is not performance
fica limited. Dry Operating Mass: 34930 kg Trip Fuel (Valencia to London) 5990 kg Taxi Fuel: 250
tio kg The maximum traffic load that can be carried from Valencia will be:
n:
Ext
ern
al
 ANS A – 14331 kg

27. Maximum structural take-off mass: 48000 kg Maximum structural landing mass: 44000 kg
Maximum zero fuel mass: 36000 kg Taxi fuel: 600 kg Contingency fuel: 900 kg Alternate fuel:
800 kg Final reserve fuel: 1100 kg Trip fuel: 9000 kg Determine the actual take-off mass:

ANS B – 47800 kg

28. The centre of gravity location of the aeroplane is normally computed along the:

ANS C – longitudinal axis

29.Moment (balance) arms are measured from a specific point to the body station at which the
mass is located. That point is known as:

ANS D – the datum

30. The centre of gravity of an aircraft:

ANS C – can be allowed to move between defined limits

31. An aeroplane is weighed prior to entry into service. Who is responsible for deriving the Dry
Operational Mass from the weighed mass by the addition of the ‘operational items’?

ANS A – The Operator

32. An aeroplane may be weighed:

ANS D – at a specified ‘weighing location’ on the airfield

Cla
ssi
fica
tio
n:
Ext
ern
al
 SDAS

Cla
ssi
fica
tio
n:
Ext
ern
al