Unione Europea

EU = European Union
• The European Union - often known as the EU - is an economic and political

partnership involving 28 European countries before the Brexit and 27 countries after.
After the horrors of WWII, several countries (The six founding countries are Germany,
France, Italy ,Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg). decided that they wanted no
more wars, hatred or bigotry and decided to cooperate more closely together, forming first
the European Coal and Steel Community, and then the European Economic Community
(EEC). In 1993, the European Union was finally created with the signing of the Maastricht
Treaty.
From 2005 onwards, the EU has expanded to include some countries from Eastern Europe.
When travelling between most EU countries, you no longer have to show your passport.
20 EU countries also use the same currency: the euro.
What is the European Union?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8G1cds52Ko0&t=39s&ab_
channel=BBCNewsbeat
The EU or European Union is a union of
European member countries. The EU is
a political economic union of countries
that are located on the European
continent.
The European Union (EU) was formed to
bring together the countries of Europe.
The EU helps its member countries with
issues such as trade, security, and the
rights of citizens. By 2013 the group had
28 member countries. However, in
2016, one member—the United
Kingdom—voted to leave the EU. The
country officially left the union on
January 31, 2020.
What is the Brexit?
“Brexit” is a portmanteau (mashup) of the words “British” and “exit.” Brexit refers
to the departure of the United Kingdom from the European Union.
The United Kingdom has left the union after 52% of the UK
population voted to leave the community of the European Union
in 2016.
The United Kingdom has left the EU on 31 January 2020
European Union Map after Brexit European Union Map before Brexit
WHY DID IT TAKE 4 YEARS TO LEAVE THE
E.U?
• No country has ever left the EU before so there has been lots and lots of
things to sort out before we could leave. On top of that, lots of people
were not happy about leaving which slowed the process down.
• The big problem was that that our Prime Minister (the person who runs
the country) had to decide how everything would work with the EU – they
had to make a deal. Then they had to tell everyone in The House of
Commons (where all the laws are made by people we elect) and they had
to agree with that deal before we could leave the EU. The House of
Commons kept on not agreeing with the deal because they didn’t like it and
this delayed the process.
• In January 2020 The House of Commons finally agreed a deal.
What is Article 50?
• Article 50 is a plan for any country that wishes to exit the EU to do

so. It was created as part of the Treaty of Lisbon - an agreement
signed up to by all EU states which became law in 2009. Before that
treaty, there was no formal mechanism for a country to leave the EU.
• It's pretty short - just five paragraphs - which spell out that any EU
member state may decide to quit the EU, that it must notify the
European Council and negotiate its withdrawal with the EU, that
there are two years to reach an agreement – unless everyone agrees
to extend it - and that the exiting state cannot take part in EU internal
discussions about its departure.
• The Maastricht Treaty is also known as the Treaty of the European
Union (TEU). Maastricht is a city located in the Netherlands. The
Maastricht Treaty was amended thrice. The amendments are listed
below.
• Treaty of Amsterdam (1997)
• Treaty of Nice (2001)
• Treaty of Lisbon (2007)
• The idea to form a common union was introduced by Robert
Schuman, foreign minister of France, already in 1950.
Thanks to the Single Market people, goods, services and money can
move around the EU’s 27 countries almost as freely as within a single
country.
Twenty-two EU Member States and four non-EU countries – Iceland,
Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland – belong to what is known as
the Schengen area. This means you don’t have to show your passport
when crossing the border between these countries.
The UK has left the EU: The BREXIT
The European Union: 446 million people – 27 countries
THE EUROPEAN UNION 27 COUNTRIES
THREE MAIN INSTITUTIONS
• The European Parliament

• The Council of the European Union
• The European Commision
Therefore there are three leaders of the European Union:
EU EU
EU
Commission Parliament
council
president president
president
(2019-2024) (2022-2024
(2019-202
)
4)
Ursula von Charles

der Leyen Roberta
Michel
from Germany Metsola
from
from Malta
Belgium
Languages in the EU: There is no single European language, as all
languages are considered equal and shall be respected by all people in
the European Union. Thus all information is available in 24 languages.
EU Day: Europe Day is celebrated on 9 May. This is, however, not a
public holiday, although in Brussels and Strasbourg many public
institutions will hold various activities, concerts and open-door events
for the interested public.
Money: The European Central Bank was founded in 1998 and
the European currency was introduced in 2002. The European
currency is the EURO for 20 countries of the EU while other European
countries still use their own national currency such as Denmark,
Sweden. The first EURO coins and banknotes were circulated in the
European countries in 2002.
These are the 20 country of the EURO zone: These countries
are: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
The European flag has a circle of 12 golden stars on a blue background
which symbolise unity, solidarity and harmony among the European
member countries.
• The European motto is ‘United in Diversity’ and this motto was first
used in 2000.
The European anthem is a melody that was composed by German
composer Ludwig van Beethoven in 1823.
The melody is part of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony and referred to as
“Ode to Joy” The anthem only consists of the musical tunes, there are
no words to the anthem. The anthem is played at official ceremonies of
the EU or when several countries share an European event.
The euro area, commonly called the eurozone (EZ), is a currency
union of 20 member states ( OUT OF 27 ) of the European Union (EU)
that have adopted the euro.
The seven non-eurozone members

of the EU are :
Bulgaria, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Hungary, Poland,
Romania, and Sweden.
The euro – a single currency for Europeans
Why the euro?

• No fluctuation risk and foreign exchange
cost
• More choice and stable prices for

consumers
• Closer economic cooperation between EU

countries
EU countries using the euro
EU countries not using the euro
Can be used everywhere in

the euro area EURO ZONE
• Coins: one side with national symbols,
one side common
• Notes: no national side

Free to move
Schengen
• No police or customs checks at borders

between most EU countries, and Norway,
Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Iceland.
• Controls strengthened at the EU’s external

borders
• More cooperation between police and

immigration authorities from different EU
countries
• Buy and bring back any goods for personal

use when you travel between EU countries
On 23 June 2016 a very important referendum was held in the UK. British people were asked whether they
wanted Great Britain to leave or to remain in the European Union (EU). The EU is a group of 28 European
countries that co-operate together and have strong economic ties. Their citizens can move and work
wherever they like in the EU. The origins of the Union can be traced back to 1957, when 6 nations formed
the European Economic Community (EEC). Over the years, other nations, such as Britain, joined, and the
EEC became the EU. No nation had ever left the Union… until recently. The British referendum had an
unexpected result: more people voted ‘leave’ (51.9%) than ‘remain’ (48.1%). Britain’s exit from the EU
known also as Brexit –
QUIZ
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EU = European Union

• The European Union - often known as the EU - is an economic and political

• Article 50 is a plan for any country that wishes to exit the EU to do

• The European Parliament

Ursula von Charles

The seven non-eurozone members

Why the euro?

• More choice and stable prices for

• Closer economic cooperation between EU

Can be used everywhere in

• Notes: no national side

• No police or customs checks at borders

• Controls strengthened at the EU’s external

• More cooperation between police and

• Buy and bring back any goods for personal

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