Chapter

The Human Eye and the

Colourful World 11
NCERT Intext Questions

Page Number 190 3. What is the far point and near point of the
human eye with normal vision?
1. What is meant by power of accommodation of
the eye? Ans. For a human eye with normal vision the far
point is at infinity and near point is 25 cm from
Ans. The power of accommodation of the eye is the
the eye.
maximum variation of its power for focusing on
near and far (distant) objects. 4. A student has difficulty in reading the
blackboard while sitting in the last row. What
2. A person with a myopic eye cannot see objects
could be the defect the child is suffering from?
beyond 1.2 m distinctly. What should be the
How can it be corrected?
type of the corrective lens used to restore proper
vision? Ans. The child is suffering from myopia. The child
should use concave lens of suitable focal length.
Ans. Concave lens.

NCERT Exercise Questions

1. The human eye can focus objects at different required for correcting (i) distant vision, and (ii)
distances by adjusting the focal length of the eye near vision?
lens. This is due to: Ans. (i) ·.· Power of distant viewing part of the lens,
(a) presbyopia P1 = – 5.5 D
(b) accommodation \ Focal length of this part,
(c) near – sightedness 1 1
(d) far – sightedness f1 = = = – 0.182 m = – 18.2 cm
P1 − 5.5
Ans. (b) Accommodation
(ii) For near vision,
2. The human eye forms the image of an object at
u = 25 cm, v = 18
its:
\ Focal length of this part,
(a) cornea (c) pupil
(b) iris (d) retina 1 1 1 1 1 6.8
= − = − =
Ans. (d) Retina f v u − 18.2 (− 25) 18.2 × 25
3. The least distance of distinct vision for a young f = 67 cm
adult with normal vision is about: f = 0.67 m.
(a) 25 m (c) 25 cm 6. The far point of a myopic person is 80 cm in
(b) 2.5 cm (d) 2.5 m front of the eye. What is the nature and power
Ans. (c) 25 cm of the lens required to correct the problem?
4. The change in focal length of an eye lens is Ans. The remedial lens should make the objects at
caused by the action of the: infinity appear at the far point.
(a) pupil (c) ciliary muscles Therefore, for object at infinity, u = ∞
(b) retina (d) iris Far point distance of the defected eye,
Ans. (c) ciliary muscles v = – 80 cm
5. A person needs a lens of power – 5.5 D for By lens formula,
correcting his distant vision. For correcting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= − =  = − −0 = −
his near vision he needs a lens of power f v u  80  80 80
+ 1.5 dioptre. What is the focal length of the lens
⇒ f = – 80 cm

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2 | CBSE Question Bank Science – X
100 100 cannot be focused on the retina and it appears
Now power, P= = = – 1.25 D blurred to the eye, as shown in the given figure.
f (in cm ) − 80
Negative sign shows that the remedial lens is a
concave lens. O
7. Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is u < 25 cm
corrected. The near point of a hypermetropic eye Object O closer than 25 cm from the eye is not
is 1 m. What is the power of the lens required to
focused on retina and seen blurred.
correct the defect? Assume that the near point of
9. What happens to the image distance in the eye
the normal eye is 25 cm.
when we increase the distance of an object from
Ans. 1. The near point N of hypermetropic eye is the eye?
farther away from the normal near point N.
Ans. The eye lens of a normal eye forms the images of
N′ objects at various distances on the same retina.
N I Therefore, the image distance in the eye remains
the same.

10. Why do stars twinkle?
Near point of a hypermetropic eye
Ans. Stars appear to twinkle due to atmospheric
2. In a hypermetropic eye, the image of nearby refraction. The light of star after the entry of
object lying at normal near point N (at light in Earth’s atmosphere undergoes refraction
25 cm) is formed behind the retina. continuously till it reaches the surface of the
Earth. Stars are far away. So, they are the point
O
source of light. As the path of light coming from
N stars keep changing, thus the apparent position
of stars keep changing and amount of light from
Hypermetropic eye stars entering the eye keeps twinkling. Due
3.  Correction of hypermetropia: The convex to which a star sometimes appear bright and
lens forms a virtual image of the object sometimes dim, which is the effect of twinkling.
(lying at normal near point N) at the near 11. Explain why the planets do not twinkle?
point N’ of this eye. Ans. The planets are much nearer to the Earth than
L
stars and because of this they can be considered
N′
I as large source of light. If a planet is considered
to be a collection of a very large number of
point sources of light, then the average value of
Correction for hypermetropic eye change in the amount of light entering the eye
The object placed at 25 cm from the correcting from all point size light sources is zero. Due to
lens must produce a virtual image at 1 m or 100 this the effect of twinkling is nullified.
cm. 12. Why does the Sun appear reddish early in the
Therefore, u = – 25 cm, v = 100 cm morning?
By lens formula, Ans. The light coming from the Sun passes through
various denser layers of air in the Earth’s
1 1 1 1 1
= − = − atmosphere before reaching our eyes near the
f v u − 100 − 25
horizon. Most of the part of blue light and light
1 1 3 of small wavelength gets scattered by dust
=   =
100 25 100 particles near the horizon. So, the light reaching
our eyes is of large wavelength. Due to this the
100 1
or f= cm = + m Sun appears reddish at the time of sunrise and
+3 3 sunset.
1 3 13. Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to
Power, P = f = + = + 3 D an astronaut?
1
Ans. As an astronaut moves away from the
The positive sign shows that it is a convex lens. atmosphere of Earth, the atmosphere becomes
8. Why is a normal eye not able to see clearly the thin. Due to the absence of molecules (or dust
objects placed closer than 25 cm? particles) in air, the scattering of light does not
Ans. At distance less than 25 cm, the ciliary muscles take place. Thus, sky appears dark in the absence
cannot bulge the eye lens any more, the object of scattering. 

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