(Identical with ASTM Specification A 181 /A 181M-06) A08
1. Scope including any supplementary requirements that are indi-
1.1 This specification covers nonstandard as-forged fit- cated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the tings, valve components, and parts for general service. requirements of Specification A 961 /A 961M constitutes Forgings made to this specification are limited to a maxi- non-conformance with this specification. mum weight of 10 000 lb [4540 kg]. Larger forgings may 3.2 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in be ordered to Specification A 266 /A 266M. the purchase order all ordering information necessary to 1.2 Two classes of material are covered, designated purchase the needed material. Examples of such informa- as Classes 60 and 70, respectively, and are classified in tion include but are not limited to the ordering information accordance with their mechanical properties as specified in Specification A 961 /A 961M and the following: in 6.1. 3.2.1 Supplementary requirements, and 1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound 3.2.2 Additional requirements (See 4.3, 9.1, 10.2, units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the 12.1, and 12.2). applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in con- flict with the requirements of Specification A 961 /A 961M, 1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI the requirements of this specification shall prevail. units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each 4. Materials and Manufacture system must be used independently of the other. Combining 4.1 Except for flanges of all types, hollow, cylindrically values from the two systems may result in nonconformance shaped parts may be machined from hot-rolled or forged with the specification. bar, provided that the axial length of the part is approxi- mately parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Other 2. Referenced Documents parts, excluding flanges of all types, up to and including 2.1 ASTM Standards: NPS 4 may be machined from hot-rolled or forged bar. A 266 /A 266M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be for Pressure Vessel Components machined directly from bar stock. A 788 /A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General 4.2 Except as permitted in 4.1, the finished product Requirements shall be a forging as defined in the Terminology section A 961 /A 961M Specification for Common Requirements (exclusively) of Specification A 788 /A 788M. for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Piping Applications 4.3 When specified in the order, the manufacturer shall submit for approval of the purchaser a sketch showing the 3. General Requirements and Ordering shape of the rough forging before machining. Information 4.4 Forgings shall be protected against sudden or too 3.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform rapid cooling from the rolling or forging while passing to the requirements of Specification A 961 / A 961M, through the critical range.
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4.5 Heat treatment is neither required nor prohibited, 10.2 Prior approval of the purchaser shall be required but when applied, heat treatment shall consist of tempering, to weld repair special parts made to the purchaser’s require- annealing, normalizing, or normalizing and tempering. ments.
10.3 The composition of the weld deposits shall be
5. Chemical Composition similar to the base metal and in accordance with the proce- 5.1 An analysis of each heat shall be made by the dure qualification for the applicable material. Welding shall manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elements be accomplished with a weld procedure designed to pro- specified in Table 1. The chemical composition thus deter- duce low hydrogen in the weldment. Short-circuit gas metal mined shall conform to the requirements in Table 1. arc welding is permissible only with the approval of the purchaser.
6. Mechanical Properties 6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 2. 11. Marking of Forgings 11.1 Identification marks consisting of the manufactur- er’s symbol or name, designation of service rating, Speci- 7. Number of Tests fication number, class, and size shall be legibly forged or 7.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat. stamped on each forging, and in such a position as not to 7.2 If any test specimen is defectively machined, it injure the usefulness of the forgings. may be discarded and another specimen substituted. 11.2 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in 11.1, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identifi- 8. Retests cation method. The purchaser may specify in the order a 8.1 When one or more representative test specimens specific bar coding system to be used. The bar coding do not conform to specification requirements for the tested system, if applied at the discretion of the supplier, should characteristic, only a single retest for each nonconforming be consistent with one of the published industry standards characteristic may be performed to establish product for bar coding. If used on small parts the bar code may be acceptability. Retests shall be performed on twice the num- applied to the box or a substantially applied tag. ber of representative specimens that were originally non- conforming. When any retest specimen does not conform to specification requirements for the characteristic in ques- 12. Certificate of Compliance tion, the lot represented by that specimen shall be rejected, heat-treated or reheat-treated in accordance with 4.5, and 12.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, tested in accordance with Sections 6 and 7. a producer’s or supplier’s certification shall be furnished to the purchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this specification 9. Reports of Testing and has been found to meet the requirements. The specifi- 9.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or cation designation included on certificates of compliance order, a report of the test results and chemical analyses shall include year of issue and revision letter, if any. shall be furnished. The specification designation included on reports of testing shall include year of issue and revision 12.2 When specified in the purchase order or contract, letter, if any. a report of the test results shall be furnished.
10. Repair by Welding
10.1 Repair welding, by the manufacturer, is permissi- 13. Keywords ble for parts made to dimensional standards such as those 13.1 pipe fittings, steel; piping applications; pressure of ANSI or equivalent standards. containing parts; steel forgings, carbon; steel valves
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TABLE 1 CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS Composition, % Element Classes 60 and 70
Carbon, max. 0.35
Manganese, max. 1.10 A Phosphorus, max. 0.05 Silicon 0.10–0.35 Sulfur, max. 0.05 A Manganese may be increased to 1.35% max. provided the car- bon is reduced 0.01% for each 0.06% increase in manganese over the limit shown in the table.
Yield strength, A min., ksi [MPa] 30 [205] 36 [250] Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min., % 22 18 Reduction of area, min., % 35 24 A Determined by either the 0.2% offset method or the 0.5% extension-under-load method.
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SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
S1. Carbon Equivalent S1.2 Determine the carbon equivalent (CE) as follows: S1.1 The maximum carbon equivalent based on heat CE p C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15 analysis shall be as follows: Maximum Carbon Equivalent Value S1.3 A lower maximum carbon equivalent may be agreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser. Maximum Section Thickness Maximum Section Thickness Class Less Than or Equal to 2 in. Greater Than 2 in. S1.4 When this Supplementary Requirement is --``,,````,,```,```,,``,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
60 0.45 0.46 invoked, all elements in the carbon equivalent formula
70 0.47 0.48 shall be analyzed and the amounts reported.
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