Laser2000 LED

THE FUTURE OF LIGHT MEASUREMENT
Pieter Kramer - Laser 2000 Benelux

History of light measurement
Photometry measures light radiation in terms of perceived brightness to
the human eye. Main characteristic of light is luminous flux.
Mid 1850’s, Around 1920 Late 1960’s,

Bunsen’s photometer The first integrating photometers and 1980’s first mirror
sphere lux meters Gonio photometers
Angular distribution
Integrating spheres
Adding a spectrometer to a integrating sphere gives more data
Lumen
Color temperature
CRI
Spectrometer
Integrating spheres
Results and further considerations
Pros:
• Good for measuring incandescent bulbs and 4pi sources.
• Fast and accurate total spectral luminous measurements
Cons:
- Takes a long time for a single measurement incl. setup.
- Directional lights can give large errors (7-10%)
- Linear lights needs huge spherical dimensions
- Lamps can heat up in sphere
- No 3D information (no IES/LDT files)
PhotoGoniometers
The most used solution brings all the photometric data, IES and LDT files
Integration sphere: Goniometer:

lumen values + colorimetric data if using a spectrometer Angular distribution
IES, LDT
Angular distribution is of high importance for the lighting industry:

manufacturers, designers and engineers need this information for 3D modelling.
New EU regulations: sometimes not possible to use sphere
Environmental concerns call for new regulations
Example from EU
Lumen from a directional lamp must only be
measured in 90° or 120° cones.
Definition of a directional lamp:

At least 80% of the light is radiated into a fixed
beam angle (90° or 120° cones).
Cannot be done in an integrating sphere

New developments in measuring luminaires
Typical systems include a photo-sensor, goniometer and a spectrometer
Photometer
New technology: Future proof all-in-one measuring solution includes spectrometer and a goniophotometer
Spectrometer
Color deviation along the beam, intensities in

PPFD and much more.
Spectrogoniometers measuring all parameters
Data from a spectrogoniometer:
Beam angle 3D visualisation
• Light distribution curve
• Beam angle
• IES and LDT files
• Luminous flux (lumen)
• Light intensity (candela)
• CRI, TM30, CQS
• CCT
• Integrated Spectrum
• Power and power factor
• Efficiency (lm/watt) Integrated spectrum
• UGR
• PPF
• PPFD
• Color deviation
IES and LDT
Future proof IES and LDT files with color information
So what about the international standards
for luminaire measurements?
IESNA approved methods for light metrology
LM-9 electrical and photometric of fluorescent lamps

LM-20 photometric testing of reflector type lamps
LM-45 electrical and photometric of general service incandescent filament lamps
LM-51 electrical and photometric of high intensity discharge lamps
LM-54-99 lamp seasoning LM-58
LM-59 guide to spectroradiometric measurements
LM-66 electrical and photometric of single ended compact fluorescent lamps
LM-78 total luminous flux of lamps with integrating sphere
LM-79 electrical and photometric of solidstate lighting products
LM-80 lumen maintenance of LED light sources
LM-82 electrical and photometric charcaterisation of SSL lamps as a function of
temperature (LM82 is the LM-79 but then at elevated temperatures).
USA IESNA LM79 Standard
Old requirement of LM79 is strict, because of Mirror goniometer Nearfield goniometer
big change in classical fluorescent and high
pressure sodium lamp at different orientations.
Pros:
• Lamp mounted in operating position
• Both up and down measurements
• Fluorescent + high pressure sodium lamp
Cons:
- Takes a long time for a single measurement
- Difficult to operate
- Need a large black room
- Large footprint + rack
- Stray light can occur
- Long distance to sensor (mirror)
- Nearfield goniometer not recognized by any standard
- Difficult to include spectrometer
However, mirror goniometer setup not practical
Mirror goniometers are not easy to operate and install

NOW: CIE S 025 International standard
Globalizations calls for

international standards.
Many of the most

demanding requirements:
About S 025
 Total or partial luminous flux

 Luminous efficacy
 Luminous intensity distributions
 Center-beam intensity
 Luminance and luminance distribution
 Chromaticity coordinates
 CCT, CRI and angular color uniformity
 Measurement techniques other than explicitly mentioned are acceptable

if demonstrated equivalent
 Defined test conditions (like env and module temperatures, air flow, supply voltage)
with nominal value and tolerance interval
 User has to set up an uncertainty budget according to ISO/IEC guide 98-3 or CIE 198
Standard test conditions and tolerances
S-025 allows orientation correction
SSL luminaires may be measured in different orientation than designed orientation
Measurement + correction step = conforming standard

Horizontal measurement correction
Monitoring the lamp from operating position
• Stabilize in operating position

• Move to measuring position
• Measure the change in output
Lm
High power lamps with min
directional heatsinks
tend to change the most But the drop in lumen is
no more than 0 – 1.2%
An example: deviation in lumen
Deviation in lumen on the tested

objects when orientation was
changed to horizontal was
between 0.47 – 0.99%
A comparison from DTU

(Technical University of Denmark)
Everybody seems happy with the S 025 and NEN 13032-4
because it allows common sense.
It makes SSL luminaire measurements easier and less expensive.

CIE S 025 makes measuring more “relaxed”
New standard now allows for
movement of LED lamps
Pros:
Lamp dia x 5 - 15
• DUT in non-operating position
• Easy to operate
• Fast measurements
• No need for a black room
• Small footprint
• Can operate in ambient light
• No big racks
• Only a computer is needed
Use common sense:

Type-C Horizontal Goniometer
- Lamp is being rotated
- Stray light can occur
- distance to sensor
Measurement area is more “relaxed”
Black room is now only necessary around the
goniometer, using a directional sensor.
Features that could be implemented
 Automation of frequent user interactions?

 Addition of a Photodiode to measure Flicker with the gonio?
 Integration of TEC heatsink on the gonio?
 Software guided orientation correction protocols?
 Ra color fidelity values in polar plots?
 Automatic determination of number of C-planes?
 Extention to UV and NIR?
 Photobiological safety?
 What would YOU like to have measured?
Luminaire light metrology is now SOFTWARE driven

Thank you for your attention !
THE FUTURE OF LIGHT MEASUREMENT
Pieter Kramer - Laser 2000 Benelux

Laser2000 LED

Uploaded by

Laser2000 LED

Uploaded by

THE FUTURE OF LIGHT MEASUREMENT

Pieter Kramer - Laser 2000 Benelux

Mid 1850’s, Around 1920 Late 1960’s,

Adding a spectrometer to a integrating sphere gives more data

Results and further considerations

Integration sphere: Goniometer:

Angular distribution is of high importance for the lighting industry:

Environmental concerns call for new regulations

Definition of a directional lamp:

Cannot be done in an integrating sphere

Color deviation along the beam, intensities in

LM-9 electrical and photometric of fluorescent lamps

Mirror goniometers are not easy to operate and install

Globalizations calls for

Many of the most

 Total or partial luminous flux

 Measurement techniques other than explicitly mentioned are acceptable

SSL luminaires may be measured in different orientation than designed orientation

Measurement + correction step = conforming standard

Monitoring the lamp from operating position

• Stabilize in operating position

High power lamps with min

Deviation in lumen on the tested

A comparison from DTU

because it allows common sense.

It makes SSL luminaire measurements easier and less expensive.

Use common sense:

 Automation of frequent user interactions?

Luminaire light metrology is now SOFTWARE driven

You might also like