Shivaji University, Kolhapur

Question Bank For Mar 2022 (Summer) Examination

Subject Code: 83778 Subject Name: Computer Methods in Power System

Common subject Code (if any) ______________________________________

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Unit-1: Network Formulation and Graph Theory

1] Explain the following terms with neat diagram
i) Oriented Graph
ii) Loop
2] Explain the following terms with neat diagram
i) Tree
ii) Co-tree
3] A power network is specified by the following data

Line No. Bus code Line Impedance

1 1-2 j0.5
2 1-3 j0.4
3 1-4 j0.3
4 2-3 j0.2
5 3-4 j0.3
Draw the impedance diagram oriented graph and compute Ybus using singular
transformation. Take bus 1 as a reference

4] For network shown in fig below obtain incidence matrices A, B, and K. Taking node 0 as
reference. Hence verify the identity
=
5] Define the following terms with examples
i)Oriented Graph ii) Loop iii)Tree iv)Co-tree
6] Explain Bus incidence matrix with examples
7] Explain following incidence matrices in detail
i) Element-node incidence matrix
ii) Tree branch path incidence matrix
iii) Bus incidence matrix

8] A power network is specified by the following data

Connection
Line No. From Bus To Bus Reactance (p.u)
1 1 2 j0.2
2 1 3 j0.4
3 1 4 j0.6
4 2 3 j0.6
5 3 4 j0.4
6 2 4 j0.2

Draw the network, graph, directed graph, tree and write the following matrix
i) Bus incidence matrix by assuming bus 1 as reference
ii) Fundamental cutest incidence matrix
9] Explain following terms with neat diagrams
i) Augmented cut-set
ii) Basic loop
iii)Fundamental cut-set

10] For the network specified by following data

Line No. Start Bus End Bus Impedance (pu)

1 0 1 j 0.4
2 0 2 j 0.25
3 0 4 j 0.1
4 4 3 -j 0.2
5 2 3 j 0.5
6 1 2 j 0.3
7 2 4 j 0.2
Draw network, directed graph, tree and co-tree and write following incidence matrices
i) Element node incidence matrix
ii) Bus incidence matrix
iii) Fundamental cutest incidence matrix
11] Draw network, directed graph, tree, co-tree and form the incidence matrices
̂ , A, B for the network shown in the figure

12] For network shown in fig below obtain incidence matrices A, B, and K. Taking node 0 as
reference. Hence verify the identity
C=0

13] Network shown in the below table

Line No. Start Bus End Bus Impedance (pu)
1 0 1 j 0.4
2 0 2 j 0.25
3 0 4 j 0.1
4 4 3 -j 0.2
5 2 3 j 0.5
6 1 2 j 0.3
7 2 4 j 0.2

Draw network, directed graph, tree and co-tree and write following incidence matrices
i) Fundamental loop incidence matrix
 ii) Augmented loop incidence matrix
iii) Tree branch path incidence matrix

14] Explain Basic Cut set incidence matrix with example

15] Explain the following terms:
i) Network topology ii) Sub graph
iii) De-generate sub graph iv) Augmented Cut set incidence matrix

Unit-2: Computer Solution Methods Using the Admittance Matrix

1] Derive an expression for tree branch admittance and impedance matrices by non-singular
transformation method
2] Which elements of the bus admittance matrix will be modified for following cases
i) A transmission line is connected between buses i-j?
ii) Shunt elements connected between a bus i and ground?

3] Which elements of the bus admittance matrix will be modified for following cases
i) Loads connected at bus i?
ii) Shunt elements connected at bus i?

4] Draw the network and obtain the bus admittance matrix by direct inspection method for
power network specified by following data
Connection
Line No. From Bus To Bus Impedance in p.u
1 1 3 0.1+j0.3
2 2 3 0.15+j0.45
3 2 4 0.10+j0.30
4 3 4 0.05+j0.15

5] A power system consists of 4 buses. Generators are connected at buses 1 and 3 reactances
of which are j0.2 and j0.1 respectively. The transmission lines are connected between buses
1-2, 1-4, 2-3 and 3-4 and have reactances j0.25, j0.5, j0.4 and j0.1 respectively. Find the bus
admittance matrix by direct inspection method
6] Explain the modeling of following power system components
i) Generator
ii) Transformer

7] Derive an expression for the bus admittance matrix to be obtained from primitive
admittance matrix
8] Derive modeling equations of following components in power system for formation of bus
admittance matrix by direct inspection method
i) Transformers
ii) Generator

9] A power system consists of 4 buses. Generators are connected at buses 1 and 3 reactances
of which are j0.2 and j0.1 respectively. The transmission lines are connected between buses
1-2, 1-4, 2-3 and 3-4 and have reactances j0.25, j0.5, j0.4 and j0.1 respectively. Find the bus
admittance matrix by singular transformation method

10] Explain the concept of Bus Admittance matrix

11] Determine Y-bus matrix by inspection method for the power system. Impedance data for
sample network shown in the below figure. Consider Bus 0 as a reference

Line Bus Code Self Impedance

1 0-1 0.02+j0.6
2 1-2 0.02+j0.06
3 2-3 0.02+j0.5
4 3-0 0.02+j0.4
5 0-2 0.02+j0.8
12] Derive an expression for the bus impedance matrix to be obtained from primitive
admittance matrix

13] Derive the equations for modeling of following power system components
i) Generator
ii) Transformer

14] Explain how to form the bus admittance by singular transformation

15] Form the bus admittance matrix for system given below

Unit-3: Computer Solution Methods Using the Impedance Matrix

1] Explain the concept of Bus Impedance matrix
2] Define the following terms with examples:
i) Tree branch admittance and tree branch impedance matrix
ii) Loop impedance and loop admittance matrix

3] Explain how can be obtain impedance matrix with conditions and rules for the following
cases
i) Adding a radial branch to new node
ii) Closing a loop to the reference

4] Starting from matrix, for a partial Network. Describe step by step for following
cases:
i) connects from existing bus to the reference bus
ii) connects between two existing bus

5] Determine bus impedance matrix for a power system as shown in below figure by step
by step method
6] Starting from matrix, for a partial network, describe step by step how you will
obtain for the modified network, when a new line is to be added between two buses
of an existing network
7] Explain formation by step by step algorithm in detail

8] Explain impedance matrix algorithm in detail

9] Discuss in detail the concept of bus impedance matrix
10] Explain in detail how can be obtain impedance matrix with following conditions and
rules for following cases
i) Closing a loop not involving the reference
ii) Closing a loop to the reference

11] Draw the network and obtain the bus impedance matrix by step by step method for
power network specified by following data. Assume bus 0 as reference bus

Connections
Line No. From Bus To Bus Impedance in pu
1 0 1 j0.25
2 0 3 j0.20
3 1 2 j0.08
4 2 3 j0.06
5 2 3 j0.06
6 1 3 j0.13

12] Explain in detail how can be obtain impedance matrix with following conditions and
rules for following cases
i) Adding a radial branch to a new node
ii) Closing a loop not involving the reference
13] Draw the network and obtain the bus impedance matrix by step by step method, for
power network specified by following data. Assume bus 0 as reference bus

Connections
Line No. From Bus To Bus Impedance in
pu
1 0 1 j0.25
2 0 2 j0.25
3 1 2 j0.20
4 1 3 j0.25
5 2 3 j0.40
6 3 4 j0.50
7 3 4 j0.40
14] Describe in detail step by step method for matrix to form algorithm
15] A power system as shown in below figure determine the bus impedance matrix using
step by step method

Unit-4: Load Flow Studies

1] Explain significance of load flow analysis power system also give classification of
various types of buses for load flow analysis
2] Describe the procedure for load flow problem formulation with help of necessary
equations.
3] Explain Gauss- Seidel Method for load flow analysis
4] Explain Newton-Raphson Method for load flow analysis
5] Explain Fast Decoupled Method for load flow analysis
6] Compare different flow analysis load methods.
7] Suppose that the P-Q load is known at each of the nine buses of a small power system
and that synchronous generators are connected to buses CD, 0, G), and (j). For a power-
flow study, identify the t1P and t1Q mismatches and the state v ariables associated with
each bus. Choose bus CD as the slack b us.
8] A power system network is shown
in Figure. The generators at buses 1
and 2 are represented by their
equivalent current sources with their
reactances in per unit on a 100-
MVA base. The lines are
represented by π model where series
reactances and shunt reactances are
also expressed in per unit on a 100
MVA base. The loads at buses 3 and
4 are expressed in MW and Mvar.
(a) Assuming a voltage magnitude
of 1.0 per unit at buses 3 and 4, convert the loads to per unit impedances. Convert
network impedances to admittances and obtain the bus admittance matrix by inspection

9] Draw the Admittance diagram and Ybus matrix for give power system network.
10] In the two-bus system shown in Figure 58, bus 1 is a slack bus with V1 = 1.06 0 ◦ pu. A
load of 150 MW and 50 Mvar is taken from bus 2. The line admittance is y12 = 106
−73.74◦ pu on a base of 100 MVA. The expression for real and reactive power at bus 2
is given by P2 = 10|V2||V1| cos(106.26◦ − δ2 + δ1) + 10|V2| 2 cos(−73.74◦ ) Q2 =
−10|V2||V1|sin(106.26◦ − δ2 + δ1) − 10|V2| 2 sin(−73.74◦ ) Using Newton-Raphson
method, obtain the voltage magnitude and phase angle of bus 2. Start with an initial
estimate of |V2| (0) = 1.0 pu and δ2 (0) = 0◦ . Perform first iterations. Partial derivatives
of P2, and Q2 with respect to |V2|, and δ2 are

11] Compare Gauss- Seidel Method and Newton-Raphson Method (minimum 6 points)
12] Write a Newton-Raphson Method in polar co-ordinates when PV bus is absent.
13] Write a algorithmic steps for Gauss- Seidel Method for load flow analysis
14] Write a algorithmic steps for Newton-Raphson Method for load flow analysis
15] Write a algorithmic steps for Fast Decoupled Method for load flow analysis

Unit 5: Simultaneous Faults

1] Derive and explain Series Connection with neat diagram for two port network .
2] Derive and explain Parallel Connection with neat diagram for two port network .
3] Derive and explain Cascade Connection with neat diagram for two port network .
4] Derive and explain Hybrid Connection with neat diagram for two port network .
5] With suitable diagram derive the expression for Z type fault.
6] With suitable diagram derive the expression for Y type fault.
7] With suitable diagram derive the expression for H type fault.
8] Compute the Z parameters for Fig
 9] Compute Y and H parameters for given Z parameters.

10] A following system with simultaneous fault has following data at fault point F and F’.
Generator L: Z1”=Z2=j0.12, Z 0=j0.10, EL=1.1 ∟300
Generator R: Z1”=Z2=j0.15, Z 0=j0.13, ER=1.0 ∟00
Transformer AB: Z1=Z2= Z 0=j0.1
Transformer CD: Z1= Z2= Z 0=j0.12
Transmission LineBC: Z1= Z2=j0.50, Z
0=j0.1
Fault F:- Line a and b open
Fault F’:- SLG gault on Phase b
Draw the Two port sequence Network and compute voltage equation and Z matrix for
given system.

11] For Above example Draw the Two port sequence Network and compute Current
equation and Y matrix for given system.

12] Compute Z parameter for

13] Compute Y parameter for given Networks.

14] Compute H parameter forgiven Networks.
15] Compute the Y parameters for Fig

Unit 6: Analytical Simplification

1] Write a application of two component method to SLG fault.
2] Write a application of two component method to LL fault
3] Write a application of two component method to LLG fault
4] Write a application of two component method to three phase fault.
5] Write a application of two component method to two line open (2LO) fault
6] Write a application of two component method to one line open (1LO) fault
7] Discuss two component method to deal with unsymmetrical fault with advantage over
three component method
8] Consider SLG fault at bus C with fault resistance of 4Ω with following data.
Generator: 25MVA, 10KV, x=0.125pu, connected star grounded.
T1: 30MVA, 10-20KV, x=0.105pu, connected delta-star grounded.
Line Z=2+j4Ω
T2: 20MVA, 5-20KV, x=0.005pu, connected star- delta grounded.
Load: 10+j5 MVA at 5KV. Solve using two port network.

9] Compute voltage and current for LL fault at bus C with fault resistance of 4Ω between
phase b and c for following data.
Generator: 25MVA, 10KV, x=0.125pu, connected star grounded.
T1: 30MVA, 10-20KV, x=0.105pu, connected delta-star grounded.
Line Z=2+j4Ω
T2: 20MVA, 5-20KV, x=0.005pu, connected star- delta grounded.
Load: 10+j5 MVA at 5KV. Solve using two port networks.

10] Compute voltage and current for2LG fault at bus C with Zf=4 ohm and Zg=8 Ohm for
following data.
Generator: 25MVA, 10KV, x=0.125pu, connected star grounded.
T1: 30MVA, 10-20KV, x=0.105pu, connected delta-star grounded.
 Line Z=2+j4Ω
T2: 20MVA, 5-20KV, x=0.005pu, connected star- delta grounded.
Load: 10+j5 MVA at 5KV. Solve using two port networks.

11] Discuss SLG fault with arbitrary symmetry with system network diagram.
12] Discuss a two component method for solving unbalanced power system
conditions. State its advantages over three component method.
13] Derive the relationship to determine the system parameters for DLG fault
with suitable sequence network diagram by two component method.
14] Derive the relationship to determine the system parameters for LL fault
with suitable sequence network diagram by two component method.
15] Compare two component method and Three component method.