Da Li Sunce Obasjava Svih Osam Planeta

Da li Sunce obasjava svih osam planeta?
Oko Sunca se na sve strane izlivaju zraci i prostiru do svih osam planeta u orbitama. Međutim,
u zavisnosti od njihove udaljenosti, do planeta stiže više ili manje svetlosti. To će biti jasnije
ako se pogledaju daleke zvezde. Većina zvezda na noćnom nebu velika je i sjajna kao naše
Sunce, a ima i sjajnijih. Ali zbog velike udaljenosti, njihova svetlost je preslaba da bi osvetlila
Zemlju.
Na nebu planete najbliže Suncu, Merkura, Sunce je ogromno i izgleda tri puta veće nego kad
se gleda sa Zemlje. Danju njegova površina može biti zaslepljujuće sjajna. Ali nebo je crno
čak i tada, jer Merkur gotovo da nema atmosferu koja bi odbijala i rasipala sunčevu svetlost
(slično jedinom Zemljinom prirodnom satelitu, Mesecu). Dok sunce prži stenoviti pejzaž
Merkura, temperature mogu da skoče do 427 °C. Noću se, međutim, toplota nesmetano zrači
u svemir, a temperatura pada do −183 °C.
Venera, druga planeta od Sunca, obavijena je atmosferom sačinjenom uglavnom od gasovitog

ugljen-dioksida. U toj atmosferi plove gusti smrdljivi oblaci sumporne kiseline. Zbog njih je
na Veneri svakog dana oblačno. Mada je Venera od Sunca udaljenija nego Merkur,
temperature na njenoj površini mogu biti i više. Razlog tome je efekat staklene bašte. Ugljen-
dioksid sprečava toplotu da napusti planetu, kao što staklena bašta čuva toplotu biljaka. Mi
inače imamo taj problem i na zemlji, zato što postoji ugljen-dioksid u našoj atmosferi i zbog
zagađenja koja se dešavaju svakodnevno na našoj planeti zbog industrije i saobraćaja i drugih
zagađivača izbacuje se (emituje se) velika količina ugljen-dioksida i u našu atmosferu na
Zemlji, i zato imamo efekat staklene bašte i globalno zagrevanje. Što se Venere tiče, da se
vratimo.
Zato se temperatura na Veneri kreće oko 482 °C. Posle Zemlje, treće planete, dolazi Mars.
Normalno Zemlju ćemo preskočiti pošto na njoj već živimo i onda znamo već dosta detalja o
njoj.
Što se Marsa tiče, na njemu je prividna veličina Sunca za trećinu manja nego na Zemlji.
Količina svetlosti koja do njega stiže tri puta je manja od one koja obasjava Zemlju. Oslabljena
svetlost mora još da se probije i kroz prašnjavo crveno nebo, često prepuno zagasitocrvene
zemlje koju na Marsu podižu olujni vetrovi. Ipak, preko leta temperatura može da dostigne
temperaturu sličnu kao na Zemlji, 17 °C, a u podne na Marsu može biti veoma svetlo.
Posle Marsa su ogromne planete, sačinjene uglavnom od gasa – Jupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun.
Sve četiri su prekrivene gustim oblacima. Sa svake od te četiri spoljašnje planete Sunčevog
sistema, Sunce izgleda sve manje, a njegova svetlost sve slabija. Na primer, sa Jupitera Sunce
izgleda pet puta manje nego sa Zemlje, a Jupiter prima dvadeset pet puta manje svetlosti i
toplote nego Zemlja. Sa velike visine, iz Jupiterovih oblaka, videli bismo malo bledo Sunce.
Mada je sunčeva svetlost na Saturnu još slabija, ima je dovoljno da osvetli njegov ogromni
sistem prstenova, koji su sačinjeni uglavnom od leda. Sunčeva svetlost koja naleti na njih
pretvara ih u iskričave svetlosne krugove. U zavisnosti od nagiba Saturna prema Suncu, ti
prstenovi mogu da bacaju ogromne senke na površinu planete zastirući tako njenu južnu
polovinu još dubljom tamom.
I konačno, kad se gleda sa dalekog ledenog Plutona, do 2006. godine devete planete Sunčevog
sistema, Sunce je udaljena hladna svetlost, na odstojanju od 5,9 milijardi kilometara. Ono
izgleda kao veoma sjajna zvezda na tamnom nebu i teško bi se moglo pogoditi da je baš to
Plutonovo sunce.
Does the Sun shine on all eight planets?
Around the Sun, rays pour out in all directions and extend to all eight planets in their orbits.
However, depending on their distance, more or less light reaches the planets. It will be clearer
if we look at the distant stars. Most of the stars in the night sky are as big and bright as our
Sun, and some are brighter. But because of the great distance, their light is too weak to
illuminate the Earth.
In the sky of the planet closest to the Sun, Mercury, the Sun is huge and appears three times
larger than when viewed from Earth. During the day, its surface can be blindingly bright. But
the sky is black even then, because Mercury has almost no atmosphere to reflect and scatter
sunlight (much like Earth's only natural satellite, the Moon). As the sun scorches Mercury's
rocky landscape, temperatures can soar to 427 °C. At night, however, heat radiates unhindered
into space, and the temperature drops to −183 °C.
Venus, the second planet from the Sun, is surrounded by an atmosphere made mostly of carbon
dioxide gas. Thick smelly clouds of sulfuric acid float in that atmosphere. Because of them,
Venus is cloudy every day. Although Venus is farther from the Sun than Mercury,
temperatures on its surface can be even higher. The reason for this is the greenhouse effect.
Carbon dioxide keeps heat from leaving the planet, like a greenhouse keeps plants warm. By
the way, we have this problem on Earth as well, because there is carbon dioxide in our
atmosphere and due to the pollution that happens every day on our planet due to industry and
traffic and other pollutants, a large amount of carbon dioxide is released (emitted) into our
atmosphere on Earth, and that's why we have the greenhouse effect and global warming. About
Venus, let’s get back to it.
That is why the temperature on Venus is around 482 °C. After Earth, the third planet, comes
Mars. Normally we will skip the Earth since we already live on it and then we already know a
lot of details about it.
As for Mars, on it, the apparent size of the Sun is a third smaller than on Earth. The amount of
light that reaches it is three times less than that which illuminates the Earth. The weakened
light still has to make its way through the dusty red sky, which is often filled with the dull red
soil kicked up by stormy winds on Mars. However, during the summer the temperature can
reach an Earth-like temperature of 17 °C, and it can be very bright at noon on Mars.
After Mars are the huge planets, made mostly of gas - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
All four are covered with thick clouds. With each of the four outer planets of the solar system,
the Sun appears smaller and its light dimmer. For example, from Jupiter, the Sun appears five
times smaller than from Earth, and Jupiter receives twenty-five times less light and heat than
Earth. From a great height, from Jupiter's clouds, we would see a small pale Sun. Although
Saturn's sunlight is even fainter, there is enough to illuminate its vast ring system, which is
made mostly of ice. The sunlight that hits them turns them into sparkling circles of light.
Depending on Saturn's inclination to the Sun, these rings can cast huge shadows on the planet's
surface, shrouding its southern half in even deeper darkness.
And finally, when viewed from the distant icy Pluto, until 2006, the ninth planet of the solar
system, the Sun is a distant cold light, at a distance of 5.9 billion kilometers. It looks like a
very bright star in the dark sky and it would be hard to guess that it is Pluto's sun.

Da Li Sunce Obasjava Svih Osam Planeta

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Da li Sunce obasjava svih osam planeta?

Venera, druga planeta od Sunca, obavijena je atmosferom sačinjenom uglavnom od gasovitog

Does the Sun shine on all eight planets?

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