#7 Building Technology 2: Wood, Steel

and Concrete (1-Storey)

FLEX Course Material

Understand Floor Plan(s)
design as part of
Architectural, Structural,
Plumbing, and Electrical
Working Drawings WEEK 7:
Application of
Plumbing to
Technical
Drafting
Introduction to Plumbing and Sanitary
Planning

Ar. Emmarie Rose C. Josue, uap

All premises intended for
human habitation, occupancy
PRINCIPLE 1
or use shall be provided with a
supply of pure and wholesome
water, neither connected with
unsafe water supplies nor
subject to hazards of backflow
or back-siphonage.

Plumbing fixtures, devices and

appurtenances shall be PRINCIPLE 2
supplied with water in
sufficient volume and at
pressure adequate to enable
them to function satisfactorily
and without undue noise
under all normal conditions of
use.

Plumbing shall be designed

and adjusted to use the PRINCIPLE 3
minimum quantity of water
consistent with proper
performance and cleaning.

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Devices for heating and storing
water shall be so designed and
PRINCIPLE 4
installed as to prevent dangers
from explosion through
overheating.

Every building having plumbing

fixtures installed and intended PRINCIPLE 5
for human habitation,
occupancy or usc on premises
abutting on a street, alley or
easement where there is a
public sewer, shall be
connected to the sewer
system.

Each family dwelling unit on

premises abutting on a sewer PRINCIPLE 6
or with a private sewage-
disposal system shall have at
least one water closet and one
kitchen type sink. Further, a
lavatory and bathtub or
shower shall be installed to
meet the basic requirements of
sanitation and personal
hygiene.

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Plumbing fixtures shall be
made of smooth
PRINCIPLE 7
non·absorbent material, free
from concealed fouling
surfaces and shall be located in
ventilated enclosures.

The drainage system shall be

designed, constructed and PRINCIPLE 8
maintained to safeguard
against fouling, deposit of
solids, clogging and with
adequate cleanouts so
arranged that the pipes may be
readily cleaned.

All pipings of plumbing

systems shall be of durable PRINCIPLE 9
NAMPAP APPROVED materials,
free form defective
workmanship, designed and
constructed by Registered
Master Plumbers to ensure
satisfactory service.

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Each fixture directly connected
to the drainage system shall be
PRINCIPLE 10
equipped with a water-sealed
trap.

The drainage piping system

shall be designed to provide PRINCIPLE 11
adequate circulation of air free
from siphonage, aspiration or
forcing of trap seals under
ordinary use.

Vent terminals shall extend to

the outer air and installed to PRINCIPLE 12
preempt clogging and the
return of foul air to the
building.

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Plumbing systems shall be
subjected to such tests to
PRINCIPLE 13
effectively disclose all leaks
and defects in the
workmanship.

No substance which will clog

the pipes, produce explosive PRINCIPLE 14
mixture, destroy the pipes or
their joints or interfere unduly
with the sewage-disposal
process shall be allowed to
enter the building drainage
system.

Proper protection shall be

provided to prevent PRINCIPLE 15
contamination of food, water,
sterile goods and similar
materials by backflow of
sewage. When necessary, the
fixture, device or appliance
shall be connected indirectly
with the building drainage
system.

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No water closet shall be locat
ed in a room or compartment
PRINCIPLE 16
which is not properly lighted
and ventilated.

If water closets or other

plumbing fixtures are installed PRINCIPLE 17
in buildings where there is no
sewer within a reasonable
distance, suitable provision
shall be made for disposing of
the building sewage by some
accepted method of sewage
treatment and disposal, such
as a septic tank.

Where a plumbing drainage

system may be subject tb PRINCIPLE 18
backflow of sewage, suitable
provision shall be made to
prevent its overflow in the
building.

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Plumbing systems shall be
maintained in serviceable
PRINCIPLE 19
condition by Registered Master
Plumbers.

All plumbing fixtures shall be

installed properly spaced, to be PRINCIPLE 20
accessible for their intended
use.

Plumbing shall be installed by

Registered Master Plumbers PRINCIPLE 21
with due regard to the
preservation of the strength of
structural members and the
prevention of damage to walls
and other surfaces through
fixture usage.

Sewage or other waste from a

plumbing system which may PRINCIPLE 22
be deleterious to surface or
sub-surface waters shall not be
discharged into the ground or
to any waterway, unless first
rendered innocuous through
subjection to some acceptable
form of treatment.
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SCOPE OF LECTURE

WATER SUPPLY
• PIPES AND FITTINGS
• PLUMBING SYSTEM
SANITARY SUPPLY
• PIPES AND FITTINGS
• PLUMBING SYSTEM

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WATER SUPPLY-PLUMBING FITTINGS

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WATER SUPPLY-PLUMBING FITTINGS

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WATER SUPPLY-PLUMBING SYSTEM

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ISOMETRIC VIEW

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WASTE-BASIC WATER TYPES

1.SANITARY-BLACK WATER
-WATER CLOSET
2. WASTEWATER –GREY WATER
-KITCHEN SINK
-LAVATORY
3. STORMWATER
-DRAINLINE/CATCH BASIN

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SANITARY SUPPLY-PIPES AND FITTINGS

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SANITARY SUPPLY-PIPES AND FITTINGS

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ISOMETRIC VIEW

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DIAGRAM OF FIXTURES

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COMMON VENT

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VENT PIPES

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Definitions

• Branch Vent. A vent connecting one or more individual vents with a

vent stack or stack vent.
• Circuit Vent. A vent that connects to a horizontal drainage branch
and vents two traps to no more than eight traps or trapped fixtures
connected into a battery.
• Combination Waste and Vent System. A specially designed system of
waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more
sinks or floor drains by means of a common waste and vent pipe
adequately sized to provide free movement of air above the flow line
of the drain.
• Common Vent. A vent connecting at the junction of two fixture
drains or to a fixture branch and serving as a vent for both fixtures.
• Individual Vent. A pipe installed to vent a fixture trap and that
connects with the vent system above the fixture served or
terminates in the open air.
• Stack Vent. The extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest
horizontal drain connected to the stack.
• Stack Venting. A method of venting a fixture or fixtures through the
soil or waste stack.
• Vent Stack. A vertical vent pipe installed primarily for the purpose of
providing circulation of air to and from any part of the drainage
system.

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The sizing criteria for stack vents and vent stacks are based on three
variables:
1.The developed length of the vent.
2.The size of the stack served by the vent.
3.The total drainage fixture unit (DFU) connected to the stack.

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CIRCUIT VENTING

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 WET VENTING
A fixture is said to be wet vented when it
serves also to carry the discharge from
fixtures connecting into the drainage
system at a higher level. The use of wet
venting reduces the number of
individual vent pipes required by a
plumbing drainage system as contrasted
with the number required by a
conventional system and hence reducing
the cost of the venting system.

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WASTE STACK VENT

For this system to function

effectively there cannot be any
offsets in the waste stack
portion. Once the highest
branch interval is connected to
the stack, the vent portion may
contain offsets, provided such
offsets are at least 6 inches
above the branch interval
connection.

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STACK VENTING

In a Single Stack Vent

System the drainage stack
serves as both a single-
stack drainage and vent
system. The drainage stack
and branch piping are
considered as vents for the
drainage system as a
whole.

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OFFSET VENTING

The height of the vertical section must not be greater than 4 feet
(1219 mm). If the height is greater than 4 feet (1219 mm), then the
fixture requires venting by a method other than the single stack
method. In most situations, fixtures will not be greater than 4 feet
(1219 mm) above the horizontal branch so additional venting
methods are typically not required.

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 SEPTIC TANK

A Septic tank is basically an underground

structure made of concrete, fiberglass, or
plastic thought which is domestic sewage water stored
for primary treatment. A proper septic tank design is
essential to the proper working of this underground
system.

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SEPTIC TANK

A septic tank is also known as

a sewage collection system
is also treats sewage on a
small scale which
is common in areas with
no connection to
main sewerage pipes.

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SEPTIC TANK

A septic tank generally has the capacity of sewage is

between 1,000 and 1,500 gallons which
are connected to an inlet wastewater pipe at one end
and to a septic drain field at the other.

Wastewater from the house is directed into

the septic tank. This tank is designed which allow the
heavy solid waste to settle down from wastewater.

The bacteria available

in sludge partially decomposed this solid
waste. Light–weighted waste like grease, oil
particles floats and forms a layer of scum on top of
the wastewater.

Baffles wall system is provided at the inlet

and outlet of the tank to help prevent scum and solids
from escaping.

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SAMPLE PLANS

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SAMPLE PLANS

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SAMPLE PLANS

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THANK YOU!

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