Practice Test 4
Practice Test 4
Practice Test 4
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each
question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each
passage and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on
the passage{s). All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices.
Each question has a single best answer.
C) impose
D) assault
scientists evaluated confiscated artefacts, but The house was flat, dark, and silent Jae.o b
many were skeptical of the find because it did not was at home engaged upon a chess problemt
have an archaeological context and may contain the board being on a stool between his knees.
forgeries. However. the site of Konar Sandal in One hand was fingering the hair at the back
Iran is now being exc.avated, and archaeologists of his head. He slowly brought it forward and
have discovered hvo mounds, a citadel, and raised the white queen from her square; then
tablets with an unknown script that might prove put her down again on the same spot He
a vital link to understanding whether the Jiroft filled his pipe; ruminated; moved t\vo pawns;
culture actually existed. advanced the white knight; then ruminated
with one finger upon the bishop. Now Fanny
What is the main purpose of the text? Elmer passed beneath the window.
A) It casts doubt on the existence of an ancient Which choice best states the main purpose of the
culture. text?
- Text 1
It is stated that Abraham.. Lincoln, "had an, almost morbid dislike- to an, escort, or guard,
and daily exposed himself to the--deadly ainL of aJL assassin..." . .. On.. more-- than. one--
occasion, he-the- President had gone- through the- streets of Washington, at a, late- hour
of the-- night, without escort, or even.. the-- company of a. servant, walking all the-way,
going and returning.
Text2
Bancroft's eulogy on Lincoln never pleased the latter's lifelong friends ... February 16,
1866, David Davis, who had heard it, wrote me: "His analysis of Mr. Lincoln's character is
superficial." On the 22nd he again wrote: "Mr. Bancroft totally misconceived Mr. Lincoln's
character in applying 'unsteadiness' and confusion to it. Mr. Lincoln grew more steady
and resolute, and his ideas were never confused. I thought him always master of his
subject. He was a much more self-possessed man than I thought
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to Lincoln's
behaviour as illustrated in Text l?
B) By concurring that Lincoln rarely deviated from his personal convictions and
exhibited stability and equanimity.
properties and economic value. In Benin) chili is Now, when I say that I am in the habit of
the second cash gardening crop after the tomato. going to sea. I do not mean that I ever go to
Its annual production is about 47.162 tons. Pepper sea as a passenger. For to go as a passenger
plants produce the compound capsaicin, possibly you must needs have a purse. and a purse
to deter mammalian herbivores. In Benin) chili is but a rag unless you have something in
pepper is grown only for food partially in the it Besides, passengers get sea•skk- grow
cultivable lands of the coastal areas, where soil quarrelsome- don't sleep- -no. I never go as
salinity and water irrigation can negatively affect a passenger; nor. though I am something of a
the quantity and quality of the crop, and may also salt, do I ever go to sea as a Commodore, or a
have a strong influence on the concentration of Captain, or a Cook. I abandon the glory and
bioactive compounds of vegetables. distinction of such offices to those who like
them. I always go to sea as a sailor. because
According to the text. what is the reason that the they make a point of paying me for my
chili plant evolved to contain capsaicin in the trouble. where.as they never pay passengers a
fruit? single penny that I ever heard of.
A) It adds flavor to human food dishes. Based on the text, why does Ishmael avoid
traveling aboard ship as a passenger?
B) It is a part of herbal medicine remedies.
C) It increases the plant's absorption of nutrients. A) He does not want excessive responsibilities.
D) It protects the plant from predation. B) He desires reimbursement for his efforts.
llll Ill
The following text is adapted from F. Scott According to scientist James Clark, explaining
Fitzgerald's novel, 'Tl,e Beautiful and the Damned. the coexistence of species is critical to truly
understand forest biodiversity and the forces
Early in his career, Adam Patch had married that sustain or reduce it. According to Clark,
an anemic lady of thirty, Alicia Withers, who "A 'neutral model' hypothesizes that species are
brought him one hundred thousand dollars so similar it just takes a long time for ·w inners
and an impeccable entre into the banking and losers to be sorted out by competition,
circles of New York. Immediately and rather but eventually the better competitor would
spunkily, she had borne him a son and, as if drive the other to extinction." The neutral
completely devitalized by the magnificence of model predicts that the variation among the
this performanc.e, she had thenceforth effaced sites increases over time, as random chance
herself within the shadowy dimensions caused different species to go extinct in some
of the nursery. The boy, Adam Ulysses areas but not others. Some sites, just by chance,
Patch) became an inveterate joiner of dubs, should come to be dominated by one species.
connoisseur of good form, and driver of while others would come to be dominated by
tandems- at the astonishing age of twenty- six another species. However, the researchers found
he began his memoirs under the title "New that variance among the sites did not increase
York Society as I Have Seen It." On the rumor over the millennia, leading them to conclude
of its conception, this work was e.agerly bid that stabilizing forces were maintaining forest
for among publishers, but as it proved after diversity.
his death to be immoderately verbose and
overpoweringly dull) it never obtained even a Which hypothetical data, if true, would most
private printing. weaken Clark's claim that stabilizing forces
control biodiversity in a given region?
Based on the text) which choice best characterizes
Adam). Patch's wife' A) Scientists determine that there is now
significantly greater variation between species
A) powerful in three nearby sites than there was 7,000
B) captivating years ago.
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Nutrients Found Primarily in Animal Tissues
The vegan diet is one that is chosen by individuals for various reasons) including
health and/or ethical reasons. In fact, it is evident that the vegan diet is much more
than a diet itself, but has developed into a lifestyle, often associated with animal rights
and environmental advocacy as well as a greater concern for physical activity and
mindfulness. While many health benefits exist. it is essential for those who are vegan or
are planning to become vegan to be educ:ated about potential nutritional deficiencies to
prevent adverse outcomes. For example) a vegan who is adverse to taking man- made
supplements in any form _ _
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the claim'
Based on the text, what is most likely true about A) occurred because there was a tie in the House
the West Texas Intermediate? of Representatives.
Which choice completes the text so that it Which choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English? conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
B) had designed
A) its
C) designed
B) it's
D) is designed
C) their
D) they're
m
The largest known fish species, the whale shark, is
actually a slow- moving filter feeder that primarily
subsists on plankton. Therefore, despite its _ _
- When Austrian painter Gustav Klimt completed
Tl,e _ _ it was initially reviled as excessive due
to its gold leaf, silver, and platinum. However) it is
is not a threat to humans. now considered one of the finest examples of the
Art Nouveau style.
Which choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English' Which choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A) size. It
A) Kiss (Der Kuss in German)
B) size it
B) Kiss, (Der Kuss in German)
C) size- it
C) Kiss (Der Kuss in German),
D) size) it
D) Kiss, (Der Kuss in German),
Ell
Judy Blume is the author of many beloved
Ill
children's _ _ Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing. American author and inspirational _ _ has
Her frank discussions of childhood anxieties and shared his optimistic outlook with audiences
family issues have made her a target of censors, so around the world. His unusual approach to
along with her writing) she has spent considerable leadership is founded in cultural anthropology
time fighting to protect the freedom of speech. rather than business.
Which choice completes the text so that it vl'hich choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English' conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Which choice completes the text with the most Which choice completes the text with the most
logical transition? logical transition?
A) Although A) Meanwhile,
B) Since B) Nevertheless,
C) Hence C) Instead,
D) Because D) Today,
Ill
Water is by fur the most common drink in the
world The next most popular is coffee, but that
beverage is consumed in a variety of different
ways. _ _, it may be served hot, cold) or with
additions such as milk or spices.
A) Regardless,
B) Nevertheless,
C) Indeed,
D) Additionally,
• Geothermal energy is derived by tapping the heat within the Earth, which does not
require fuel and does not vary based on atmospheric conditions.
• The energy does not generate carbon dioxide, greenhouse gasses. or particulate
matter that contributes to climate change.
• Geothermal power plants have an 80- to 100- year lifespan and require very little
maintenance.
• Not all locations are suitable for geothermal power generation because it would be
too labor- intensive to reach underground pockets of sufficient heat
• Although geothermal plants are often associated with a foul smell, modem filtration
systems can reduce that effect.
The student wants to address a common concern for an audience familiar with
geothermal energy. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the
notes to accomplish this goal'
A) Though not all areas are suitable for geothermal plants, it is possible to select ones that
are less labor- intensive for erecting facilities.
B) Geothermal energy is good because it comes from the heat from within the earth
rather than fuel.
C) Geothermal power plants have longer life spans than other power sources because
they can operate up to 100 years.
D) If the proper filtration systems are in place, then geothermal plants will not emit
odor- causing gasses or particles that lead to climate change.
The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each
question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each
passage and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on
the passage{s). All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices.
Each question has a single best answer.
As used in the text, what does the word Which choice completes the text with the most
"'obtrusive.. most nearly mean? logical and precise word or phrase?
A) obvious A) vigorous
B) conspicuous B) sturdy
C) deplorable C) robust
D) inevitable D) tough
The donkey was in a state of profound If I can stop one heart from breaking,
abstraction: wondering, probably, whether he I shall not live in vain;
was destined to be regaled with a cabbage-
If I can ease one life the aching,
stalk or two when he had disposed of the
two sacks of soot with which the little cart Or cool one pain,
was laden; so, without noticing the word of
Or help one fainting robin
command, he jogged onward.
Unto his nest again,
As used in the text, what does the word
I shall not live in vain.
"abstraction" most nearly mean?
What is the main purpose of repeating the line •1
A) generalization shall not live in vain"?
B) hypothesis
A) It stresses how strongly the author feels about
C) intention
the subject.
D) preoccupation
B) It indicates that the author is close to her
death.
C) It highlights the futile nature of certain tasks.
Text 1
The Kuiper Belt is a region of space, shaped roughly like a donut, at the far reaches of our
solar system. It is located outside the orbit of Neptune and contains over 2,000 identified
objects) though scientists speculate that there may be millions more that have not been
found yet due to its extreme distance from the sun. In 1930, the dwarf planet Pluto was
the first object to be found in the Kuiper Belt, but it took many decades for the second,
Pluto's moon, Charon, to be located in 1978.
Text2
Objects in the Kuiper Belt are rocky bodies made from elements such as iron, and most
of the ones found to date also are covered with ice that is composed of water or methane.
In fact. some scientists speculate whether Earth's oceans were formed from water ice from
comets in the Kuiper Belt. The quantity of ice greatly increases an object's reflectivity,
making it easier to isolate objects made of such materials in telescopes that are trained on
the distant reaches of our solar system.
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 react to the claim in Text 1 that "there
may be millions more that have not been found yet,.?
A) The author of Text 2 would say that many of the objects will be hard to find because
they are not covered with reflective ice.
B) The author of Text 2 would claim that it is easier to find large objects such as dwarf
planets, so the remaining objects must all be small.
C) The author of Text 2 would point out that the objects that have been found are
probably closer to the sun than the objects that have not yet been found.
D) The author of Text 2 would argue that the number is greatly elevated over the actual
number of objects which are in the Kuiper Belt.
- Text 1
Prisons in the 1820s were unregulated and unhygienic, ... Dorothea Dix visited every
public and private facility she could access. documenting the conditions she found. She
then presented her findings to the legislature of Massachusetts, demanding that officials
take action toward reform. Her reports- filled with dramatic accounts of prisoners
flogged, starved, chained, and abused by their keepers, and left undressed and without
heat or sanitation- shocked her audience and galvanized a movement that succeeded in
improving conditions for the imprisoned and insane.
Text2
Settlement house founder and peace activist Jane Addams ( 1860- 1935) .. .• along with
a college friend) Ellen Starr, moved in 1889 into an old mansion in an immigrant
neighborhood of Chicago. Hull-House, which remained Addamss home for the rest of
her life and became the center of an experiment in philanthropy) political action, and
social science research, was a model for settlement work among the poor.
Based on the texts, how would Jane Addams in Text 2 most likely respond to Dix's actions
to improve the conditions for the imprisoned and insane as illustrated in Text l?
A) By disputing the idea that Dix could impose reform through documentation and
reports instead of physically experiencing the conditions.
BJ By assenting the importance of political action in achieving reform but asserting the
g reater significance of a personal lifetime commitment to a social cause.
C) By corroborating that thorough and honest research combined with political action
are necessities when attempting social reform.
According to the text, what is one of the According to the text, what is one of the main
controversies regarding Louisiana? goals of launching the saildrone during the
winter?
A) Relatively few voters reside within the state
B) The state is much larger than many others in A) To prove that the Southern Ocean was
the Union. absorbing as much CO 2 as previously
estimated
C) The proportion of freed slaves is higher than
in other states. B) To test the limitations of new technology
designed to survive harsh conditions
D) The state has not agreed to policies accepted
elsewhere. C) To collect data during a time period in which
very little research had previously been done
D) To establish whether the Southern Ocean
played a vital role in CO, absorption
1111
Peanut butter and jelly sandwiches are a nostalgic
childhood staple. However. research shows that
- Shark attacks by Year (Global)
Ill Ill
Togo The following text is adapted from Jane Austin's
Madagascar
1811 novel, Sense and Sensibility.
Eritrea
Burundi
Sierra Leone
Mrs. Dashwood waited only for the disposal
I.
Nigeria
I ' I I
of her effects at Norland before she set
off to her new home; and this, as she was
exceedingly rapid in the performance of
everything that interested her. was soon done.
Number of Tourists (20 16) The horses which were left her by her husband
had been sold soon after his death, and an
opportunity now offering of disposing of her
Safari tourism in Africa highlights exotic carriage) she agreed to sell that likewise at the
creatures including elephants, lions, rhinos. earnest advice of her eldest daughter. For the
hippos. and big game. However. the region is also comfort of her children, had she consulted
replete with natural fe.atures or attractions that only her own wishes, she would have kept it;
tourists gravitate toward. particularly those in but the discretion of Elinor had prevailed
search of outstanding scenic sites or who desire Her wisdom too limited the number of their
an environmental adventure. There are dozens of servants to three; two maids and a man,
awe- inspiring national parks throughout Afric:a with whom they were speedily provided
like Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania and Zuma Rock from amongst those who had formed their
in Nigeria. However, local conditions make it establishment at Norland.
hard to travel in some places. For example, due
to the infrastructure for accommodating visitors, Based on the text, what can be inferred about the
travel in Togo in 2016 was: _ _ relationship between Mrs. Dashwood and her
oldest daughter'
Which choice most effectively uses data from the
graph to illustrate the claim' A) Mrs. Dashwood defers to her daughters
decisions.
A) the highest of the selected countries B) Mrs. Dashwood usually tells her daughter
represented in the figure. what to do.
B) greater than that of either Burundi or Nigeria. C) Both would prefer living apart from each
C) lower than that of Nigeria but higher than that other.
of Eritrea. D) Both feel that the other is acting in error.
D) higher than it had been in the previous year.
Ill
What can you do to add an extra layer of
protection when entering into a business
opportunity? Before you buy a franchise. insist
- The American author Ernest Hemingway, _ _
received the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature, was
famous for a very minimalist writing style that is
on seeing proof in writing for earnings claims. best exemplified in his short novel, 17,e Old Man
including statements like "Earn up to $10,000 and the Sea about a sailor struggling against a
a month!" Phrases like "up to" aren't a way out blue marlin.
for the seller. It's an earnings claim and it's
your right to demand proof. You should also Which choice completes the text so that it
interview current owners of the seller's business conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
opportunity. Ask the tough questions- like if the
information in the disclosure document matches A) he
their experience with the company. Listen to sales B) who
presentations with a critical ear. They are- of
course-trying to sell you something. Finally, if a C) that
seller doesn't give you the information you know D) whom
they have to provide, walk away.
Ill Ill
Carbon emission credit programs are designed to Federko Garcia L.orca was one of Spain's
reduce the overall amount of pollution released foremost poets and was known for ___ classic
into the environment by limiting greenhouse gas Spanish forms, but with modern symbolism and
emissions, encouraging technological innovation, individualistic humor. Unfortunately, his career
and was abruptly cut short by the Spanish Civil War,
but his legacy lives on.
Which choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English' Which choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A) it increases competition bet\veen enterprises
for the credit rights. A) revive
Ill
Most people want to incorporate more exercise
into their daily routine. but is there an optimum
time for it? According to sports scientists. exercise
performance is closely correlated with body
temperature, _ _ typically peaks in the early
evening.
A) it
B) when
C) which
D) that
Which choice completes the text so that it Which choice completes the text so that it
conforms to the conventions of Standard English? conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Ell
Modern dance is a contemporary fonn of Billy Joel is a singer and songwriter who is best
expression that evolved from the rigid structure of known for the song "Piano Man; He started his
ballet to become naturalistic, with free and fluid music career in earnest when he found he did
movements that represent _ _ feelings. not have enough credits to graduate high school
and claimed he did not care about finishing
Which choice completes the text so that it his education. _ _ twenty- five years later he
conforms to the conventions of Standard English? contacted his former school and wrote essays that
allowed him to belatedly receive a degree.
A) ideas emotions and
Which choice completes the text with the most
B) ideas, emotions, and
logical transition?
C) ideas, emotions and,
B) Simultaneously,
C) Consequently,
D) Nonetheless,
Ill Ill
The largest boat to date to sail the Great Lakes, the While researching a topic, a student has taken the
Edmund Fitzgerald, sank on November 10, 1975, following notes:
northwest of Whitefish Point in Lake Superior.
_ _ its fame. the exact cause of the shipwreck • Freshwater tropical fish can tolerate
has yet to be determined temperatures from 18 to 26 degrees Celsius,
so may require a heater in the ·winter.
Which choice completes the text with the most
logical transition? • Freshwater tropical fish are often kept in
tanks with water plants, but since most eat
A) Because of vegetables as well as meat) they may consume
the plants.
B) Despite
• Mayo's theory is based on the idea that repetition of tasks is boring and reduces
innovation.
• The teamwork aspects of Mayo's theory can le,id to high productivity and
communication.
• Some workers feel greater stress and pressure because individual responsibilities are
increased in environments where Mayo's theory is applied.
The student wants to introduce Mayo's theory to an audience who wants to increase
innovation in the workplace. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information
from the notes to accomplish this goal'
A) George Elton Mayo cre,ited a theory based on the idea that repetition of tasks is
boring, so many companies see little innovation.
BJ The theorist George Elton Mayo pointed out that workers given signific,int freedom
complete their tasks and form good teams. but may feel great stress as a result
D) George Elton Mayo's humanistic theory can c:ause some workers stress, though it is
ouhveighed by the many positive points related to innovation.
• The North Pole is located in the Arctic Ocean and temperatures are routinely above
freezing in the summer.
• Due to the Earth's axis. there is only one sunset and one sunrise at the poles per year.
• The South Pole is on Antarctica, and research at the Amundsen- Scott South Pole
Station has provided compelling evidence about continental drift.
• Ground at the South Pole is about 100 meters above sea level, but there is 2,700
meters of ice, so the high altitude contributes to the arid desert environment.
• The highest temperature recorded at the South Pole was - I 2.3C, whereas, the lowest
was - 82.8C.
The student wants to emphasize a way in which the North Pole and South Pole differ from
each other. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to
accomplish this goal'
A) The South Pole has extreme temperatures ranging from - 82.8 to - 12.3 degrees
Celsius, but the North Pole does not.
B) Both the North Pole and the South Pole have only one sunrise and one sunset in a
I 2- month period.
C) Scientists have studied continental drift at the South Pole, but the North Pole is in the
ocean.
D) The temperatures at the South Pole are much colder than at the North Pole, with
highs never over - 12.3 Celsius at the former and well above freezing at the latter.
STOP