Legal Sityvebi

Key vocabulary
• lawyer- იურისტი
• attorney- ადვოკატი (In USA) {ზოგადი}
There are two types of lawyer who practise in England. They are called
barristers and solicitors. In the USA and most other countries a lawyer is
simply known as an attorney at law, or an attorney.
• qualified- კვალიფიცირებული
• litigation- სამართალწარმოება
• right of audience- აუდიტორიის უფლება
• practise- პრაქტიკა, ვარჯიში
• judge- მოსამართლე
• legal practice- სამართლებრივი პრაქტიკა
• advocacy- ადვოკატირება
• appear- გამოჩენა
• barristers- ადვოკატთა
• training contract- სასწავლო ხელშეკრულება
• partnership- პარტნიორობა
• pleading a case- საქმის აღძვრა
• solicitors- ადვოკატების
Most law students in England become solicitors. When they finish their
university studies they do a one year legal practice course and then a two-year
training contract with a law firm. After that, they are qualified solicitors. each
solicitor usually chooses to specialise in one particular area. They represent
their clients both in and out of court.
• law firm- იურიდიული ფირმა
• acting for- მოქმედი (საქმის წარმართვა სასამართლოზე)
• represent- წარმოდგენს
• specialise- სპეციალიზაცია
• clients- კლიენტები
• Claim- სარჩელი (filling a claim, issuing a claim, starting proceedings)
• Claimant- მოსარჩელე (plaintiff until 1999 in UK but In USA they still use it)
criminal law - the law that punishes acts against a person or against property
that people consider to be harmful to the whole community. The state
prosecutes criminals.
civil law - the law concerning the rights and duties of private individuals and
companies rather than criminal matters.
a matter - a subject or situation, e.g. a criminal matter, a civil matter.
a will - a legal document in which a person gives details of what they want to
happen to their property after their death.
to steal (stole) - to take something that belongs to someone else with the
intention of keeping it.
to be in dispute - to have a serious disagreement with another person.
(დავაში ყოფნა)
a party to a court case - the claimant or the defendant.
to owe money to someone - to have to pay someone for something that they
have done for you or given to you.
legal costs - the court fees and payment for the lawyer who is acting for you.
a procedure - a decided way of doing something.
to prosecute - to take legal action against someone in the criminal court.
To issue a claim means to- start a claim in the civil court.

a) To pay a fee means to- pay the court an amount of money for issuing the
claim.
b) To serve a claim upon someone means to- send the claim to the
defendant's address and make sure that he or she receives it.
c) To respond to a claim means to- confirm that you have received the claim
and to say what you will do next.
d) To hear a case means to- listen to the details of the claim and listen to what
the claimant and the defendant say about their dispute.
e) To find in favour of someone means to- decide that this person has won the
case.
f) To give a judgment means to- officially announce the result of the case. The
judge may give the reasons for the decision.
g) To make an order means to- officially state what someone has to do, and
how and when he or she must do it.
h) A bailiff is a person who- can legally take a person's property when that
person does not pay money that he or she owes.
Key vocabulary
• law of tort- სამართალდარღვევის კანონი
• injured person- დაშავებული პირი
• allegations- ბრალდებები
• carelessness- გაუფრთხილებლობა
• committed- ჩადენილი
• negligence- დაუდევრობა
• tort- სამართალდარღვევა
• to sue- ჩივილი
• no win-no fee- თუ გამარჯვება არა გადასახადიც არა
• damages- ზიანის ანაზღაურება (კომპეტენცია)
• grounds- საფუძველი
• breach- დარღვევა
• deliberately- განძრახ
• compensation- კომპესაცია
• drafting- შედგენა
• based in- the place where you live or do most of your work.
to deal with someone or something – to do business with someone or to take

the correct action in an area of work.
legal – allowed by the law.
valid – legally correct and acceptable.
to draft a document - to write a document.
to have a right – (in intellectual property law) to have a legal interest in
something; it is yours.
robber – a person who steals money or property using or threatening to use
violence.
a divorce – the legal ending of a marriage.
to merge – (in company law) when two companies join together to form one.
to be based somewhere – to be established somewhere as the main place
where you work or live.
goods – things that are produced so that they can be sold.
fund – an amount of money that a person or organisation keeps to pay for
something in particular.
 unfair dismissal- უსამართლო გათავისუფლება

 lease of land and buildings- მიწის იჯარა და შენობები
 lease -იჯარა
 formation of a business- ბიზნესის ფორმირება
 landlord- მემამულე
 maternity leave- დეკრეტული შვებულება
 discriminate- დისკრიმინაცია
 tenant- მოიჯარე
 capital- კაპიტალი
 sick pay- ავადმყოფობის ანაზღაურება
 insolvent- გადახდისუუნარო
 conveyancing- გადაცემა (მაგ: უძრავი ქონების)
 redundancy- ზედმეტობა
 partnership- პარტნიორობა
 merger- შერწყმა
 real estate- უძრავი ქონება
ownership – to have ownership of a property means that the property belongs

to you. You are the owner of the property.
assets – things that a person or company owns.
debts – sums of money that you owe.
rent – the money that someone pays, usually every month, to use a flat, a
house or an office that belongs to someone else.
fixed – something that is fixed is certain and cannot be changed.
important areas of law:

law of contract- ხელშეკრულების სამართალი/ კანონი
company law- კომპანიის სამართალი
land law- მიწის სამართალი
law of tort- დელიქტური სამართალი
law of equity and trusts- სამართლიანობისა და ნდობის კანონი
employment law- შრომის სამართალი
family law- საოჯახო სამართალი
immigration law- საიმიგრაციო კანონი
intellectual property law- ინტელექტუალური საკუთრების სამართალი
criminal law- სისხლის სამართალი
THE IMPORTANCE OF COLLOCATION

to draft a contract
Good collocation: to honour a contract
to breach a contract
to write a contract
Bad collocation: to respect a contract
to infringe a contract
Collocation bank
 to draft a contract
 to honour a contract
 to breach a contract
 to qualify as a lawyer
 to act for a client
 to sit as a judge
 to gain some experience
 to issue a claim
 to take an exam
 to make a will
 a breach of contract
 to be made redundant
 to pass information
 to suffer a loss
 to set up a business
 to run a business
 to draft an agreement
 to claim damages
Preposition bank
 an attorney at law
‘My daughter is an attorney at law in Atlanta.’
 to work on something
‘I’m currently working on a merger agreement.’
 to send a cheque for an amount of money
‘Please send a cheque for £2000.’
 subject to something
‘The goods are for sale at this price subject to availability.’
 to be known as something
‘They are known as barristers.’
 to qualify as something
‘She qualified as a lawyer two years ago.’
 to go into partnership with someone
‘He is going to go into partnership with his brother.’
 to specialise in something
‘Tom specialises in commercial litigation.’
 to work in a business
‘He works in a law firm but she works in a bank.’
 to preside over a case
‘The insurance case has started and Judge Mortimer is presiding over it.’
 to import goods from another country
‘She imported her car from Belgium.’
 to import goods into a country
‘She imported her car into England.’
 to take care over/with something
‘Please take care over/with that document because it is very important.’
 to deal with something or someone
‘Could you please deal with Mr Jones for me as I am busy this morning?’
 to pass information between two people or among a group of people
‘Once the confidential information had passed between the two of them, it
was known among the whole group in the office in just a few days.’
 to be married to someone
‘She has been married to Peter for seven years.’
 to be on full pay
‘The company suspended him from work on full pay.’

Legal Sityvebi

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Key vocabulary

To issue a claim means to- start a claim in the civil court.

to deal with someone or something – to do business with someone or to take

 unfair dismissal- უსამართლო გათავისუფლება

ownership – to have ownership of a property means that the property belongs

important areas of law:

THE IMPORTANCE OF COLLOCATION

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