Unit 3: Measurement

Modern Day Measuring Units

Metric:

Kilometer

Meter

Centimeter

Millimeter

Imperial

Mile

Yard

Foot

Inch

Converting between Imperial and Metric Units

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A closer look at the imperial unit:

Look at the section between the “5” and the “6”. The lengths of these lines differ and
indicate different fractions or parts of an inch.

Imperial units can be divided in half again (and again).

Appropriate Units of Measurement

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Which units of measurement are appropriate for each of the following (do not
measure)
Metric Imperial
(a) Your calculator

(b) Your height

(c) Length of classroom

(d) Distance from Wpg. To Brandon

(e) A computer screen

(f) Thickness of math text book

(g) Distance from home to school

(h) A paper clip

A Golden Ratio Activity

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 A GOLDEN GREEK FACE

Toolbox: Calculator; metric ruler (measures to mm)

Statues of human bodies considered most perfect by the Greeks had many
Golden Ratios. It turns out that the "perfect" (to the Greeks) human face has a
whole flock of Golden Ratios as well.

You’ll be measuring lengths on the face of a famous Greek statue (with a broken
nose) by using the instructions on this page. Before you start, notice that near the
face on the second page are names for either a location on the face or a length
between two places on the face. Lines mark those lengths or locations exactly.

Using your cm/mm ruler and the face picture on the next page, find each
measurement below to the nearest millimeter, that is tenth of a cm or .1 cm.
Remember, you are measuring the distance or length between the two locations
mentioned. You can use the marking lines to place the ruler for your
measurements. Fill in this table.

a = Top-of-head to chin = ___.__ cm

b = Top-of-head to pupil = ___.__ cm
c = Pupil to nosetip = ___.__ cm
d = Pupil to lip = ___.__ cm
e = Width of nose = ___.__ cm
f = Outside distance between eyes = ___.__ cm
g = Width of head = ___.__ cm
h = Hairline to pupil = ___.__ cm
i = Nosetip to chin = ___.__ cm
j = Lips to chin = ___.__ cm
k = Length of lips = ___.__ cm
I = Nosetip to lips = ___.__ cm

Now use these letters and go on to the next page to compute ratios with them
a
with your calculator. Remember: , the first proportion, means divide
g
measurement a by measurement g. Round your answer to three decimal places.

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Measurement Conversions

A. Metric System
1 km = ______ m
1 m = ______ mm
1 m = ______ cm
1 cm = ______ mm

Examples:

a) 30 cm = _______ mm
b) 240 cm = _______ m
c) 960 m = _______ km
d) 3.4 km = _______ m
e) 0.5 km = _______ mm

B. Imperial System

1 foot = _______ inches

1 yard =_______ feet
1 mile = _______ yards

*note: we cannot use decimals as readily as the metric system

Examples:

a) 4 ft. = _______ in.

b) 12 ft. = _______ yd
c) 2.5 yd. = _______ in
d) 9 in. = _______ ft.
e) 2 ft. 7 in = _______ in
f) 252 in = _______ yd

C. Conversions from metric to imperial and imperial to metric

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Examples:

a) 1 mile = _______ km
b) 1 yd. = _______ m
c) 1 ft. = _______ m
d) 1 in. = _______ cm

D. Area and Volume Conversions

Examples:
a) 1 m2 = ___________ cm2

b) 2.6 m2 = _____________ mm2

c) 3.2 cm2 = _____________ mm2

d) 2345 mm2 = _____________ cm2

e) 1 m3 = _____________ mm3

f) 3.2 m3 = ______________ cm3

Perimeter and Area Review

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PERIMETER of a polygon: ADD ALL THE SIDE LENGTHS TOGETHER

Example 1: Right triangle missing the hypotenuse.

Find the perimeter.

c
2

3 cm

Example 2: Right triangle missing a side.

Find the perimeter.

25 m

16 m
Example 3: Find the perimeter of quadrilateral ADBC.

Am

3 in
3.8 in
Cm

4 in
D
Bm 3.8 in

Recall: Perimeter of a circle is called the CIRCUMFERENCE.

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NOTE: Use the π key on your calculator, not 3.14.

Example 4: Perimeter of circles

a. Find the circumference of the circle with center E. Given radius = 4 m.

A B

D C

b. Find the perimeter of ABCD given that ABCD is a square.

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AREA

TRIANGLE:

RECTANGLE:

PARALLELOGRAM:

TRAPEZOID:

CIRCLE:

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Example 5: Finding area.
a. Find the area of parallelogram ABCD.

A 10 ft. B

8 ft.

D 2 E C

b. Find the area of triangle ADE.

Example 6: Given a square in a circle with sides 12 cm. Find the area that is
shaded.

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Example 7: Area of Irregular Shapes
a. Find the area of the shape below.
Note: When the figure is irregular, break into various shapes.

15 yds

4 yds

6 yds

8 yds

b. What would it cost (excluding tax) to carpet the above space if carpet costs
i. $3.20 per square foot

ii. $33.00 per square metre

c. What would it cost to put baseboard around the room (exclude 3 doors
each 3 feet wide) if baseboard costs $1.49 per lineal foot?

Surface Area of Prisms

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 1.

2.

3.

Surface Area of Right Pyramids

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A right pyramid is a 3-D object that has triangular faces and a base that is a
polygon. The shape of the base determines the name of the pyramid. The
triangular faces meet at a point called the apex. The height of the pyramid is the
perpendicular distance from the apex to the center of the base.

When the base of a right pyramid is a regular polygon, the triangular faces are
congruent. Then the slant height of the right pyramid is the height of a
triangular face.

To find the surface area of a right pyramid, add the areas of the triangular faces
and the base.

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Example 1: Determining the Surface Area of a Regular Tetrahedron Given Its
Slant Height
Determine the surface area of the regular tetrahedron below.

Example 2: Determining the Surface Area of a Right Rectangular Pyramid

A right rectangular pyramid has base dimensions 8 ft. by 10 ft., and a height of
16ft. Calculate the surface area of the pyramid to the nearest foot.

Surface Area of Right Cones

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Example 3: Determining the Surface Area of a Right Cone
A right cone has a base radius of 2 ft. and a height of 7 ft. Calculate the surface
area of this cone to the nearest square foot.

Example 4: Determining an Unknown Measurement

The lateral area of a cone is 220 cm2. The diameter of the cone is 10 cm.
Determine the height of the cone to the nearest tenth of a centimeter.

Volumes of Right Pyramids, Right Prisms and Right Cones

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 Sandbox Investigation
Fermi Problem: How much sand would it take to fill Grand Beach?

PREDICTIONS
1. Do you believe there are enough bags of sand to fill the sandbox?
Why or why not?

a. If you believe there are not enough bags of sand to fill the sandbox, how
many more bags do you think you will need?

b. If you believe there are more than enough bags of sand to fill the sandbox,
how many bags do you believe will be left over?

2. What information do you need to find out how much sand is needed to fill the
sandbox? Record this information below.

CALCULATIONS
3. Calculate how much sand is needed to fill the sandbox.

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4. Are there enough bags of sand to fill the sandbox? Explain.

a. If there are more than enough bags to fill the sandbox, record how many.

b. If you need more bags of sand to fill the sandbox, record how many.

5. After seeing the conclusion to the video, how accurate were your calculations?
What could have contributed to your calculations being inaccurate?

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The volume of a right prism is:

Volume = (base area)(height )

Volume = A ( h )

Example 1: Determining the Volume of a Right Rectangular Prism

Determine the volume of the following prism.

The volume of a right pyramid is:

1
Volume = ( base area ) ( h eigh t )
3

1
Volume = A ( h)
3

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Example 2: Determining the Volume of a Right Square Pyramid Given Its
Slant Height

Calculate the volume of this right square pyramid to the nearest cubic inch.

Example 3: Determining the Volume of a Right Rectangular Pyramid

Determine the volume of a right rectangular pyramid with base dimensions 5.4
cm by 3.2 cm and height 8.1 cm. Answer to the nearest tenth of a cubic
centimeter.

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The volume of a right cone with base radius r and height h has volume:

1 2
V= π r h
3

Example 4: Determining the Volume of a Cone

Determine the volume of this cone to the nearest cubic inch.

Example 5: Determining an Unknown Measurement

A cone has a height of 4 yd. and a volume of 205 cubic yards. Determine the
radius of the base of the cone to the nearest yard.

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Volumes of Right Cylinders
The formula for the volume of a right cylinder is: π r 2 h .

r =¿

h=¿

Example 1: Volume of Cylinders

Find the volume of the following cylinder.

1.5 cm

7 cm

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Surface Area and Volume of a Sphere
The surface area of a Sphere with radius r is:
2
SA=4 π r

Example 1: Determining the Surface Area of a Sphere

The diameter of a baseball is approximately 3 in. Determine the surface area of a
baseball to the nearest square inch.

Determining the Diameter of a Sphere

The surface area of a lacrosse ball is approximately 20 square inches. What is the
diameter of the lacrosse ball to the nearest tenth of an inch?

The volume, V, of a sphere with radius r is:

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Example 3: Determining the Volume of a Sphere
The sun approximates a sphere with diameter 870 000 miles. What is the
approximate volume of the sun?

Example 4: Determining the Surface Area and Volume of a Hemisphere

A hemisphere has radius 8.0 cm.
a. What is the surface area of the hemisphere to the nearest tenth of a square
centimeter?

b. What is the volume of the hemisphere to the nearest tenth of a cubic

centimeter?

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Solving Problems with Surface Area and Volume
Example 1: Determining the Volume of a Composite Object
Determine the volume of this composite object to the nearest tenth of a cubic
meter.

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Example 2: Determining the Surface Area of a Composite Object
Determine the surface area of this composite object to the nearest square foot.

Example 3: Solving a Problem Related to a Composite Object

A log cabin is a composite object formed by a rectangular prism with a right
triangular prism as its roof. Determine the surface area of the log cabin in square
yards.

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