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The document contains examples of logical statements and sets, and asks the reader to write statements in words, construct truth tables, and determine set operations and quantities based on given survey data.

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Vince Cruz
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14 views2 pages

Assessment

The document contains examples of logical statements and sets, and asks the reader to write statements in words, construct truth tables, and determine set operations and quantities based on given survey data.

Uploaded by

Vince Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Assessment

1. Write each statement in words. Let p: The plane is on time. Let q: The sky is clear.

(a) p ˄ (¬ q) = The plane is on time and the sky is not clear.

(b) q → (p ˅ ¬ p) = If the sky is clear, either the plane is on time or not.

(c) p ↔ q = The plane is on time if and only if the sky is clear.

2. Construct a truth table for each proposition.

(a) [(p ˄ q) ˅ r] ↔ [(p ˄ r) ˅ (q ˄ r)]

p q r p˄q (p ˄ q) ˅ r p˄r q˄r (p ˄ r) ˅ (q ˄ r) [(p ˄ q) ˅ r] ↔ [(p ˄ r) ˅ (q ˄ r)]


1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

(b) [(p ˄ r) → (q ˄ ¬r)] → [(p ˄ q) ˅ r)]

p q r p˄r ¬r q ˄ ¬r (p ˄ r) → (q ˄ ¬r) p˄q (p ˄ q) ˅ r [(p ˄ r) → (q ˄ ¬r)] → [(p ˄ q) ˅ r)]


1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0

3. Prove the De Morgan’s Laws by constructing truth tables.

(a) ¬ (p ˅ q) ↔ (¬ p) ˄ (¬ q)

p q p˅q ¬ (p ˅ q) ¬p ¬q (¬ p) ˄ (¬ q) ¬ (p ˅ q) ↔ (¬ p) ˄ (¬ q)
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
(b) ¬ (p ˄ q) ↔ (¬ p) ˅ (¬ q)

p q p˄q ¬ (p ˄ q) ¬p ¬q (¬ p) ˅ (¬ q) ¬ (p ˄ q) ↔ (¬ p) ˅ (¬ q)
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1

4. Let U: = Letters in the English Alphabet = {a, b, c, … x, y, z}

A = {t, r, i, a, n, g, l, e, s}
B = {s, q, u, a, r, e}
C = {h, e, x, a, g, o, n, s}

Determine the following:

(a) A ∪ (B ∩ C)
B ∩ C = {s, a, e}
A ∪ (B ∩ C) = {t, r, i, a, n, g, l, e, s}

(b) (A ∪ B)’ ∩ C = {h, x, o}

(c) (A ∩ C) ∪ (B ∩ C)
A ∩ C = {a, n, g, e, s}
B ∩ C = {s, a, e}
(A ∩ C) ∪ (B ∩ C) = {a, n, g, e, s}

(d) A ∩ (C ∩ U)’ = {h, x, o}

(e) n[(A ∪ B) ∩ (B ∪ C)] = 13

5. A survey of 90 customers was taken at Barnes & Noble regarding the types of books purchased. The survey found that
44 purchased mysteries, 33 purchased science fiction, 29 purchased romance novels, 13 purchased mysteries and science
fiction, 5 purchased science fiction and romance novels, 11 purchased mysteries and romance novels, and 2 purchased all
three types of books (mysteries, science fiction, romance novels). How many of the customers surveyed purchased

(a) Mysteries only?


n(S ∪ R)’ ∩ n(M)= 22

(b) Mysteries and science fiction, but not romance novels?


n(R)’ ∩ n(S ∩ M) = 11

(c) Mysteries or science fiction?


n(S ∪ M) = 64

(d) Romance novels or mysteries, but not science fiction?


n(S)’ ∩ n(R ∪ M)= 46

(e) Exactly two types (mysteries, science fiction, romance novels)?


n(S ∩ M ∩ R)’ ∩ n(S ∩ M) ∪ n(S ∩ R) ∪ n(M ∩ R)= 25

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