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f.ngh.j (cau; ju) guPl;ir 2019

ngsjpftpay;
gy;Nju;T tpdhf;fSf;fhd tpsf;fq;fs;

G.C.E (A/L) Exam 2019

Physics
Explanations for MCQs

MFSU / MSWS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, COLOMBO

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tpdh ,y : 1
tpsf;fk;
mbg;gil fzpaq;fshtd jpzpT> ePsk;> kpd;Ndhl;lk;> ntg;gepiy> xspu;nrwpT> gjhu;j;jj;jpd;
msT vd;gd MFk;. ,tw;wpd; SI myFfs; KiwNa kg, m, A, K, cd (candela), mol
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 2
tpsf;fk;
GM1 M2
F=
R2
FR2
G=
M1 M2
[G] = M-1 L3 T-2
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 3
tpsf;fk;
jpuhd;rp];uu; epuk;gy; epiyapy; cs;s NghJ mjD}L cr;r Nrfupg;ghd; kpd;Ndhl;lk; gha;fpwJ.
jpuhd;rp];uu; %ba Mspahf (ON) cs;sJ. NkYk; mb kpd;Ndhl;l
; k; mjpfupf;Fk; NghJ Nrfupg;ghd;
Xl;;lk; khwhJ.
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 4
tpsf;fk;
mbg;gilj; Jzpf;iffshd 6 Fthf;FfshYk;> 4 nyg;Nuhd;fshYk; rlg;nghUl;fs; Mdit.
6 Fthf;Ffs; - u, d, t, b, c, s
4 nyg;Nuhd;fs; - electron, muon, tau, neutrinos
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 5
tpsf;fk;
GM
V= -
R
<u;g;G mOj;jk; Kbtpyp J}uj;jpy; 0 I mz;kpf;f Ntz;Lk;. vdNt tpil 1 / 2.
kiwf;fzpakhf ,Uf;Fk;. tiuG kiwg; gpuNjrj;jpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 6
tpsf;fk;
ntg;gepiyAld; khWfpd;w VjhtnjhU ngsjPf fzpak; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,JNt mt;
ntg;gkhdpapd; ntg;gkhd ,ay;G vdg;gLk;. nky;ypa Rtu;fis nfhz;bUg;gjd; fhuzk;
ntg;gf;nfhs;ssit Fiwf;f. ( cwpQ;rp nfhs;sg;gLk; ntg;gj;jpd; msit Fiwf;f. vdNt jhd;
khjpupapd; ntg;gepiy ngUkstpy; khwhjpUf;Fk;. nky;ypa Rtiu nfhz;bUg;gjd; ,d;ndhU
mD$yk;> khjpupapypUe;J ,urj;Jf;F tpiuthf ntg;g gupkhw;wk; ,lk;ngWk;. $w;W 4 rup.
cjhuzkhf> ,urj;ij tpl jd;ntg;gf;nfhs;ssT $ba xU jputk; ntg;gkhdpj;jputkhf
gad;gLj;jg;gLk; NghJ Fwpj;j xU ntg;gepiyf;Fupa tpupit fhl;bl> mJ ,urj;ij tpl
mjpfsthd ntg;gj;ij cwpQ;Rk;. vdNt khjpupapd; ntg;gepiy NkYk; FiwtilAk;. ngupa
njhLiff;Nfhzk; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ njspthd thrpg;ig vLf;fyhk;. (mstpil njspthf
mtjhdpf;fg;gl $bajhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;gjhy;) $w;W 3 gpio. rpwpa ,urf;Fkpo; gad;gj;Jtij
tpl ngupa ,urf;Fkpo; gad;gj;jg;gLk; NghJ> Fwpj;j xU ntg;gepiyf;F vl;lg;gLk; nkhj;j tpupT
mjpfupf;Fk;. ntg;gkhdpj;jz;bd; ePsk; mjpfupf;Fk;. (kapu;j;Jisf;Fohapd; tpl;lk; ,U
re;ju;g;gj;jpYk; rkdhf ,Uf;Fk; vdpd;) mLj;jLj;j gpupTfSf;fpilapyhd ePsk; $Lk;. vdNt
thrpg;G vLj;jypy; cs;s czu;jpwd; $LNk jtpu mstpl tPr;R $lhJ.
tpil 2

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -1-

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tpdh ,y : 7
tpsf;fk;
$w;W A gpio. fopnahyp nghwpKiw miy. tPr;rk; $Lk; NghJ rf;jp $Lk;. fopA+jh fjpu;fs;
kpd;fhe;j miyfs;. kPbwd; $l rf;jp $Lk;.
$w;W B gpio. kpd;fhe;j miyfSf;F miy ,ay;Gk; Jzpf;if ,ay;Gk; cz;L. (fUJNfhs;)
Jzpf;if ,ay;G ,Ug;gjhy; ce;jk; fhzg;gLk;. ce;jk; ,Ug;gjhy; madhf;fk; rhj;jpak;.
fopnahyp miyfs; madhf;fj;ij Nkw;nfhs;shJ.
$w;W C gpio. nel;lhq;F miyfs; Kidthf;fgl Kbahjit. vdNt fopA+jh fjpu;fis kl;LNk
Kidthf;fyhk;.
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 8
v 2
v

v
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 9
tpsf;fk;
iffshy; epiw kPJ jhf;Fk; tpir epiw mirAk; jpirapNyNa ,Ug;gjhy; iffshy; epiw kPJ
nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy Neu;g;ngWkhdk; cilaJ. <u;g;gpdhy; epiw kPJ jhf;Fk; tpir epiw mirAk;
jpirf;F vjpu;j;jpirapy; ,Ug;gjhy; <u;g;gpdhy; epiw kPJ nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy kiw ngWkhdk;
cilaJ. epiwapdhy; iffs; kPJ jhf;Fk; tpir iffs; mirAk; jpirf;F vjpu;j;jpirapy;
,Ug;gjhy; epiwapdhy; iffs; kPJ nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy Neu;g;ngWkhdk; cilaJ.
tpil 3

tpdh ,y : 10
tpsf;fk;
A - E2 w;Fk; E1 w;Fk; ,ilNa Nyru; nraw;ghL eilngWk;.
E3 – E1
B - hf = E3 -E1 gk;gpf;Fk; fjpu;g;gpd; kPbwd; =
h
C - E2 MdJ rpw;WWjpr;rf;jp kl;lk; MFk;.
tpil 01

tpdh ,y : 11
tpsf;fk;
γRT
A - xypapd; Ntfk; V2 = ,dhy; jug;gLk;. vdNt Ntfk; ntg;gepiyapy; jq;Fk;.
M
γP
B - V2 = ,dhy; jug;gLk;. mKf;fk; Fiwa Ntfk; FiwAk;.
ρ
C - jdpntg;gepiyapd; tu;ff; %yk; Ntfk; Neu;tpfpjrkd;. vdNt ntg;gepiy Fiwa Ntfk;
FiwAk;.
tpil 04

tpdh ,y : 12
tpsf;fk;
1. X fjpu; cw;gj;jpf;fhf ,uz;L Rw;Wf;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
2. cau; rf;jpAld; mNdhl; MdJ Nkhjpadpf;fg;gLfpwikahy; Nrjkilayhk;.
3. fNjhl; ntg;gkhf;fg;gl Fiwe;jsT rf;jp NghJkhdJ.
4. X fjpu; fhyg;gLk; rf;jp toq;fg;gLk; cau; mOj;jNtWghl;bNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ. X fjpu;fspd;
nrwpT MdJ ,ioA+lhd kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpy; jq;fpAs;sJ.
5. X fjpu; FohapDs; tsp%yf;$Wfs; fhzg;gLkhapd; ,yj;jpud;fs; mirAk; NghJ mtw;Wld;
Nkhjp rf;jp ,og;G Vw;gLk;.
tpil 03

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -2-

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tpdh ,y : 13
tpsf;fk;
A - gdpgLepiyapy; epuk;ghePuhtp epuk;gpaePuhtpahf khw;wkilAk;. (me;epiyapy; rhuPug;gjd; 100%)
B - ntg;gepiyia Fiwf;f ,Uf;f$ba epuk;gpa ePuhtpapd; msTk; FiwAk;. vdNt mq;Fs;s
ePuhtpapd; Fwpj;jsT xLq;Fk;.
C - ghj;jpuf;fdtsit Fiwf;f epuk;gpaePuhtpapd; Fwpj;jsT xLq;Fk;.vdNt tspapd;
jdp<ug;gjd; khwhJ. (XuyF fdtstpYs;s ePuhtpapd; msNt jdp<ug;gjdhFk;)
tpil 03

tpdh ,y : 14
tpsf;fk;
fk;gp ,Of;fg;gLk; NghJ fk;gpapy; Fwpj;j msT ePl;rp Vw;gLk;. ,jdhy; Fwpj;jsT rf;jp fk;gpapy;
Nrkpf;fg;gLk;. ,t;thW Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp = tpir × Vw;gLj;jg;gLk; ePl;rpapdhy; jug;gLk;. ,q;F
tpir T1 ,ypUe;J T2 Mf mjpfupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ruhrup tpir T1 + T2 ,dhy; jug;gLk;. ,q;F ePl;rp
l2 – l1. Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp 1/2 (T1 + T2 ) (l2 – l1)
tpil 05

tpdh ,y : 15
tpsf;fk;
̅̅̅
C2 =
3P
ρ
5
2 3×10 N m-2
(2 km s-1 ) = ρ
5
ρ = 3×10 N m-2
3×105
=
4×106
= 0.075 kg m-3
tpil 02

tpdh ,y : 16
tpsf;fk;
A, B Mfpa ,uz;L Nfhy;fspD}lhf nry;Yk; NghJ miyapd; kPbwdpy; vt;tpj khw;wKk;
,y;iy. vdNt fA = fB
Mdhy; v = fλ (𝜆 - miyePsk;)
v
f=
λ
3210 m s-1 6420 m s-1
=
2 λ
λ=4m
tpil 04

tpdh ,y : 17
tpsf;fk;
Gs;sp A I Rw;wpAs;s Vw;wg;guk;gypy; A ,d; tyJGwKk; ,lJGwKk; cs;s +q , -q I jtpu
Vidait rkr;rPuhd Kiwapy; guk;gyile;Js;sJ. vdNt Gs;sp A ,y; kpd;Gyk; E I fhz
q
+q ,dhy; Gs;sp A,y; ⟶
4πε0 a2
q
-q ,dhy; Gs;sp A ,y; ⟶
4πε0 a2
2q
vdNt Gs;sp A ,y; ⟶
4πε0 a2
tpil 01

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -3-

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tpdh ,y : 18
tpsf;fk;
Rw;Wf;fspy; rkkhd nfhs;sstk; C I cila nfhs;sstp %d;iwAk; rkkhd kpd;dpaf;ftpir
V I cila kpd;fyk; ,uz;ilAk; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp
½ CV2 ,dhy; jug;gLk;. ,q;F rf;jpf;F nfhs;sstk;> mOj;jNtWghL ,uz;Lk; Neu;tpfpjrkdhFk;.
vdNt nfhs;sstk;> kpd;dpaf;ftpir cau;thf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. nfhs;sstk; cau;thf ,Uf;f
nfhs;sstpfs; rkhe;jukhfTk; kpd;dpaf;ftpir cau;thf ,Uf;f kpd;fyq;fs; njhluhfTk;
,izf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. vdNt Rw;W 3 nghUj;jkhdJ.
tpil 03

tpdh ,y : 19
tpsf;fk;
,yl;rpa epiykhw;wp vd;gjhy; gag;G tY khwhJ.
P = IPVP = ISVS
60 = 6 × VP = IS × 12
IS = 5 A, VP = 10 V
VP : VS = 10 : 12
vdNt gbAau;j;J epiykhw;wp> IP: IS = 6 : 5
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 20
tpsf;fk;
dB μ0 i0 cosωt
=
dt 2πR
RUspDhlhd fhe;jg;gha khw;WtPjk; = J}z;ba kpd;dpaf;f tpir
μ0 ANi0 cosωt
MfNt kpd;dpaf;f tpir =
2πR
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 21
tpsf;fk;
kpd; Gyj;jpdhy; nra;ag;gl;l Ntiy = qEd Mdhy; E = V/d
3.2 × 10-19 J = qV
3.2 × 10-19 J = V × 1.6 × 10-19 C
V = 2V
MfNt VAB = 2 V ; A, C vd;gd rktOj;j Nkw;gug;G vd;gjhy; VCA = 0 V ; VBC = -2 V
tpil 1

tpdh ,y : 22
tpsf;fk;
thd;nghUspy; jhf;Fk; tpir
Gme Gmm
F=( - ) mo
30R2 30R2
Gme 0.0123Gme
=( - ) mo
30R2 30R2

Gme 0.0123Gme
a=( - )
30R2 30R2
Gme
g=
R2
a = 1.1×10-3 g
tpil 2

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -4-

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tpdh ,y : 23
tpsf;fk;
Nky; jl;L mirAk; Ntfk; V1 vdpd;>
ηA(V1 -0)
F=
d
Fd 5 × 2 × 10-2
V1 = =
ηA 0.2 × 500 × 10-4
Ntfk; ,ilntspapy; Vfgupkhzkhf khWnkdpd;
eLg;gilapd; Ntfk; = 10/2 = 5 m s-1
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 24
tpsf;fk;
,UthapdJk; jilapdJk; tpisAs; jil Rt vdpd;>
V= IR
1 = 50× 10-3 × Rt
Rt = 20 Ω
mOj;jkhdJ Gwkhw;wg;gLk; NghJ ,Uthap> jilap njhluhf njhLf;fg;gl;bUe;jhy; Rw;wpDhlhf
kpd;Ndhl;lk; nry;yhJ. MfNt ,jpy; ,uz;Lk; rkhe;jukhfNt ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. vdNt Rt ,d;
ngWkhdk; jilapapd; jilia jUk;. ,q;F kpd;Ndhl;lk; ,uz;L klq;F Mtjhy; jil miu
klq;F Mf Ntz;Lk;.
10 = 1/R + 1/20
R = 20
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 25
tpsf;fk;
tspj;jpzptpy; Nfhzce;jf;fhg;G tpjpg;gb,
mv1 × r1 = mv2 × r2
50 × 80 = v × 40
v2 = 300 km h-1
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 26
tpsf;fk;
xg;Gspg; gy;khdpapd; cUtpd; gb> fhl;b 2 V ,y; cs;sjhy; DC Voltage mstPL gad;gLj;jg;gl
Ntz;Lk;. vdNt 2V = 10 mstPl;Lg;gpupTfs;> gy;khdpapd; thrpg;G 7 vd;gjhy;
V = 7/10 × 2 V = 1.4 V
tpil 3

tpdh ,y : 27
tpsf;fk;
xt;nthU Gs;sp Vw;wj;jpw;Fk; Gs;sp P f;Fk; ,ilapyhd J}uk; rkdhdJ. mOj;jk;
vz;zpf;fzpakhjyhy; xt;nthU Gs;sp Vw;wj;jpdhYk; cUthFk; mOj;jj;jpd; ml;rufzpjf;
$l;Lj;njhif Gs;sp P apYs;s mOj;jkhFk;.
rpwpa ePsk; Δl ,Ys;s Vw;wk; ΔQ vd;f.
ΔQ
ΔV =
4πε0 √r2 +d2
Q
V=
4πε0 √r2 +d2
tpil 4

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -5-

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tpdh ,y : 28
tpsf;fk;
V0 cm min-1 Ntfj;jpy; gazpj;jhy;>
gha;r;ry; tPjk; = gug;gsT × Ntfk; ,d; gb
Q
= NA0 V0
t
2
5 × 10 = 109 × π × (4 × 10-4 ) × V0
3
125
V0 = cm min-1
4π
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 29
tpsf;fk;
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfisf; fUjpdhy;> cs;NsAk; ntspNaAk; NfhLfs; ,y;iy. E = 0. eLtpy;
NfhLfspd; nrwpT Fiwe;J nry;Yk;. E FiwAk;.
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 30
tpsf;fk;
A ⟶ B ∆W = 0 (khwhf;fdtsTr; nrad;Kiw)
B ⟶ C ∆W = 6 × 104 N m-2× 3 × 10-3 m3
= 180 J
A ⟶ C nrad; Kiwapy; ∆Q = ∆QAB + ∆QBC = 200 J + 700 J
∆W = ∆WAB + ∆WBC = 0 + 180 J
∆Q = ∆WAC + ∆UAC
900 J = 180 + ∆UAC
∆UAC = 720 J
A ⟶ C f;F vg;ghij topahfr; nrd;whYk; ntg;gepiy khw;wk; rkd; (njhlf;f kw;Wk; KbT
ntg;gepiyfs; rkdhf ,Ug;gjhy;) ,U nrad;KiwfspYk; ntg;gepiy khw;wk; rkkhjyhy;
cl;rf;jp khw;wk; rkd;.
tpil 3

tpdh ,y : 31
tpsf;fk;
gpd;dijg;gpd; gpd; kPjkpUf;Fk; Ntfk; ¾ gq;F.
%d;W gpd;dijg;Gf;fspd; gpd;
3 3
Ntfk; = √2gh × ( )
4
2
3 3
( √2gh×(4) ) 3 6
vOk; cauk; = = (4) m
2g
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 32
tpsf;fk;
hc
E= +KEmax
λ
,yj;jpuid ntspNaw;Wk; kl;Lkl;lhd epiyapy; KEmax = 0
hc 4.1×10-15 eV s×3×108 ×109 nm s-1
λ= =
E 5 eV
λ = 246 nm
tpil 2
MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -6-
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tpdh ,y : 33
tpsf;fk;
120×160
cUg;ngUf;fk; = = 40
3×4
4
nghUl;J}uk; = = 0.1 m
40
1 1 1
- =
v u f
1 1 1
- =
-4 +0.1 f
f = 0.0975 m
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 34
tpsf;fk;
x ,lg;ngau;r;rpf;F cUthFk; Nkyjpf NkYijg;G>
u0 =Axρg
Mdhy;
ẍ = -ω2 x
Axρg Aρg
− = -ω2 x So, ω=√
m m
2π m
T= = 2π√
ω Aρg
MfNt
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 35
tpsf;fk;
tz;bapd; MHKLfy; tyg;gf;fk; Nehf;fp ,Ug;gpd; ,ioapd; MHKLfy; ,lg;gf;fk; Nehf;fp
,Uf;Fk;. GtpaPHg;G MHKLfy; fPo;Nehf;fp ,Uf;Fk;. MfNt ,ioapd; epiy ,U MHKLfy;
fhtpfspdJk; tpisAs; jpirapy; mikAk;.
tz;b khwh Ntfj;jpy; nry;Yk; NghJ ,iof;F jdpNa GtpaPHg;G Mu;KLfy; fPo;Nehf;fp ,Uf;Fk;.
MfNt ,io epiyf;Fj;jhf fhzg;gLk;
tz;bapd; MHKLfy;; ,lg;gf;fk; Nehf;fp ,Ug;gpd; ,ioapd; MHKLfy; tyg;gf;fk; Nehf;fp
,Uf;Fk;. GtpaPHg;G MHKLfy; fPo;Nehf;fp ,Uf;Fk;. MfNt ,ioapd; epiy ,U MHKLfy;
fhtpfspdJk; tpisAs; jpirapy; mikAk;.
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 36
tpsf;fk;
NkhJif g+uz kPs;jd;ik vd;gjhy; Muk;gj;jpYk; ,WjpapYk; ce;jk;> ,af;frf;jp vd;gd
rkdhf mikAk;.
Muk;g ce;jk; = mv ⟶
1
Muk;g ,af;frf;jp = 2 mv2
tpil 1 ,y; tpil 3 ,y;
,Wjp ce;jk; = mv ⟵ ,Wjp ce;jk; = mv ⟶
1 17
,Wjp ,af;frf;jp = 2 mv2 ,Wjp ,af;frf;jp = 16 mv2
tpil 2 ,y; tpil 4 ,y;
,Wjp ce;jk; = mv ⟶ ,Wjp ce;jk; = mv ⟶
1 4.5 1
,Wjp ,af;frf;jp = 4 mv2 ,Wjp ,af;frf;jp = 9 mv2 = mv2
2
tpil 5 ,y;
,Wjp ce;jk; = mv ⟶
29
,Wjp ,af;frf;jp = 36 mv2
tpil 4

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -7-

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tpdh ,y : 37
tpsf;fk;
VRB +VBE =1.7 V
VRB =1 V
Ic
IB =
β
1V
RB = = 10 kΩ
10 mA/100
VRC +0.1 V +2 V = 5 V - 0V
2.9 V
RB = = 290 Ω
10 mA
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 38
tpsf;fk;
50% ,Yk; rw;W FiwthFk;. Muk;gj;jpy; cNyhfj;Jz;L> kuf;Fw;wp kpjg;gjw;F Njitahd ePupd;
fdtsT jdpNa kuf;Fw;wp mkpo;tjdhy; khj;jpuk; ,lk;ngau;f;fg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy; jw;NghJ
cNyhfj;Jz;L> kuf;Fw;wp kpjg;gjw;F Njitahd ePupd; fdtstpy; xU gFjpia cNyhfj;Jz;Lk;
,lk;ngau;f;fpwJ. MfNt kuf;Fw;wpapd; 50% ,Yk; Fiwthd fdtsNt mkpOk;. Mdhy; ,q;F
rw;W FiwT vd;W $w fhuzk; ,q;F kuf;Fw;wpapd; jpzpT> cNyhfj;Jz;bd; jpzpT rkd; vdf;
$wg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy; mlu;j;jp cNyhfj;Jz;bw;F mjpfk; vd;gjdhy; mjd; fdtsT Fiwthf
,Uf;Fk;. vdNt cNyhfj;Jz;L ,lk;ngau;f;Fk; ePupd; fdtsTk; FiwT. MfNt 50% ,Yk; rw;W
FiwT vd;gNj nghUj;jkhdJ.
tpil 1

tpdh ,y : 39
tpsf;fk;
,q;F epiyf;Fj;Jf; Foha;fspy; jputk; VWtJ fpilf;Fohapy; Vw;gLk; epiyapay; mKf;fk;
fhuzkhf MFk;.
njhlu;r;rpapaw; rkd;ghl;bd; gb> (Gs;sp X ,y; jputj;jpd; Ntfk; V vdpd;)
2A × V = A × V1
,q;F jputj;jpd; mlu;j;jp ρ vdpd;>
NgZapapd; tpjpg;gb
1 1
P1 + ρ(2v)2 = P2 + ρv2 = k (khwpyp)
2 2
2gh
v=√
3
gha;r;ry; tPjk;
2gh
AV = 2A×√
3
tpil 5

tpdh ,y : 40
tpsf;fk;
A - ,f;$w;W gpioahdJ. Vnddpy; Gs;sp P ,y; fhu; 1 MdJ tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;ij flf;fpd;wJ.
fhu; 2 MdJ tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;jpd; tyg;gf;fj;jpy; tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;ij Nehf;fp efUfpwJ.
B - ,f;$w;W gpioahdJ. Gs;sp Q ,y; ,U fhu;fSk; xd;iw xd;W flf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; ,uz;Lk;
tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;ij Nehf;fp efutpy;iy. fhu; 2 MdJ tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;jpd; tyg;gf;fj;jpy;
tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;ij Nehf;fp efUk; mNjNtis fhu; 1 MdJ tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;jpd; tyg;gf;fj;jpy;
tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;ij tpyj;jp efUfpd;wJ.
C - ,f;$w;W rupahdJ. Vnddpy; tiugpy; Gs;sp R ,y; fhu; 2 ,d; ,lg;ngau;rr ; p 0 MfNt
tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;jpypUe;J ,lg;ngau;rr
; p msf;fg;gLtjhy; fhu; 2 MdJ tpsf;Ff;fk;gj;ijNa
flf;fpd;wJ.
tpil 2
MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -8-
KOg; gjpg;GupikAilaJ / All Rights Reserved

tpdh ,y : 41
tpsf;fk;
Nfs;tpapy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l re;ju;g;gj;jpw;F Vw;g Njhw;w kPbwDf;fhd rkd;ghL gpd;tUkhW
mikAk;
c
Njhw;w kPbwd; f = f0 ×
c+v
xypapd; Ntfk; c
thzj;jpd; Ntfk; v
rPo;f;ifapLk; kPbwd; f0
A - ,f;$w;W gpioahdJ. Mu;KLfypd; NghJ thzj;jpd; Ntfk; mjpfupj;J nry;fpwJ. thzk;
Nehf;Fdiu tpyj;jp mirAk; NghJ rPo;f;ifapLk; kPbwdpYk; FiwthfNt Njhw;w kPbwd;
czug;gLk;. Mdhy; tpyj;jp nry;Yk; Ntfk; Neuj;Jld; mjpfupj;J nry;tjhy; Njhw;w kPbwd;
Neuj;Jld; Fiwe;J nry;Yk;. or (c + v) ngWkhdk; mjpfupj;J nry;tjhy; ngWkhdk; FiwAk;.
MfNt f FiwAk;.
B - ,f;$w;W rupahdJ. mku;KLfypd; NghJ thzj;jpd; Ntfk; Fiwe;J nry;fpwJ. ,g;nghOJk;
thzk; Nehf;Fdiu tpyj;jp mirtjhy; rPo;f;ifapLk; kPbwdpYk; FiwthfNt Njhw;w kPbwd;
czug;gLk;. Mdhy; Neuj;Jld; thzj;jpd; Ntfk; Fiwe;J nry;tjhy; Njhw;w kPbwd; Neuj;Jld;
mjpfupf;Fk;. Or ( c+v ) ngWkhdk; Neuj;Jld; Fiwe;J nry;tjhy; ngWkhdk; mjpfupf;Fk;. /
f mjpfupf;Fk;.
C - ,f;$w;W gpioahdJ. Xa;Tf;F tUtjw;F Kd;ghf thzk; ntbf;fpwJ. vdNt rPo;f;ifapLk;
kPbwDf;F rkdhf mikahJ. Xa;Tf;F te;J ntbf;Fk; vdpd; rPo;f;ifapLk; kPbwDf;F rkdhf
mikAk;.
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 42
tpsf;fk;
cUf;F Fz;L ,oe;j ntg;gk; = ghj;jpuk; + ePu; ngw;w ntg;gk; (#oYf;fhd ntg;g ,og;G
Gwf;fzpf;fg;gbd;) Mdhy; cz;ik S ,d; ngWkhdk; fzpj;j ngWkhdj;jpYk; rw;W FiwthfNt
mikAk;. Vnddpy; R+oYf;F ntg;gk; ,of;fg;gLk;.
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 43
tpsf;fk;
3> 5 Mk; tpilfspy; epr;rakhf VNjh xd;W rupahfTk;> kw;iwaJ jtwhfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
fjpupd; tpyfy; G+r;rpak;. vdNt ntspg;gLNfhzk; =90 - i
n3 sin (90 - r3 ) = sin (90 - i)
MfNt 𝑛3 cos r3 = cos i vd;gJ rupahdJ. vdNt tpil 3 jtwhdJ.
tpil 3

tpdh ,y : 44
tpsf;fk;
Neubahd tpdh vd;gjhy; τ = BIA ,d;gb gug;G $ba jlj;Jf;F KWf;fk; mjpfkhFk;.
gug;Gfis xg;gpLifapy; S < P < Q < R
KWf;fq;fis xg;gpLifapy; S < P < Q < R
tpil 2

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -9-

KOg; gjpg;GupikAilaJ / All Rights Reserved

tpdh ,y : 45
tpsf;fk;
tpdhtpy; cs;s glj;ij vspikahf tiue;jhy;
E1
r1
E 2
P
r2
E3
r3
P apYs;s mOj;jk; V vd;f.
E1 - V V - E2 V - E3
= +
r1 r2 r3
E1 r2 r3 + E2 r1 r3 + E3 r1 r2
V=
r1 r2 + r2 r3 + r1 r3

tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 46
tpsf;fk;
VVR - E0 = I(R+r)
VVR - E0
I=
(R+r)
y = mx - C
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 47
tpsf;fk;
tY vd;why; XuyF Neuj;jpy; ntsptplg;gll rf;jpia Fwpf;Fk;. tpdhtpy; ruhrup tY
Vm ×Im ×t 1
Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd;gb Kjy; T Neuj;jpy; tpuakhd rf;jp = VQ = ×
2 2
Vm ×Im ×t 1 1 Vm Im
tY= × × =
2 2 t 4
tpil 2

tpdh ,y : 48
tpsf;fk;
tyf;if tpjpg;gb fhe;jg;ghaq;fspd; jpiria Fwpj;jhy;
𝐈
⊙ ⊗

vd mikAk;.
xNu jpirapy; kpd;Ndhl;lk; nry;Yk;NghJ ePzl ; flj;jpapy; ,Ue;J J}uj;jpy; cs;s fhe;jg;gha
mlu;j;jp ,id fUJk; NghJ ikaj;jpy; ,U fk;gpapdJk; ,e;j gUkd; rkdhFk;. Mdhy; jpirfs;
vjpu; vd;gjhy; tpisAs; G+r;rpakhFk;. vjpu; vjpu; jpirfspy; kpd;Ndhl;lk; nry;Yk;NghJ ikaj;jpy;
,U flj;jpfshYk; cz;lhFk; fhe;jg;ghaj; jpir xd;whf miktjhy; tpisAs;
G+r;rpakhtjpy;iy. xU ngWkhdk; fhzg;gLk;.
tpil 4

tpdh ,y : 49
tpsf;fk;
Rw;wpy; rkr;rPu; mr;rpd; ,U Gwj;jpYk; cs;s xNu khjpupahd Gs;spfs; rk mOj;jg;Gs;spfs;
MFk;. jilfSf;F ,ilNaahd mOj;jNtWghLfs; rkd; vdpd; mit rkhe;ju epiy MFk;.
Rw;wpd; tpisAs; jil R
V
gw;wupapD}lhd Xl;lk; =
R
tpil 4
MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -10-
KOg; gjpg;GupikAilaJ / All Rights Reserved

tpdh ,y : 50
tpsf;fk;
tll ,af;fj;ij Mw;Wk; nghUSf;F vg;NghJk; ikaNehf;Ftpir cz;L. MdJ rpwpa
ngWkhdj;jpy; ,Ue;J ngupa ngWkhdj;ij milfpwJ vdpd; nghUshdJ Muk;gj;jpy; fPo; Nehf;fp
tu KaYk;. Mdhy; MdJ NkYk; NkYk; mjpfupg;gpd; nghUshdJ Nky; Nehf;fp tOf;f
Muk;gpf;Fk;. tpdhtpy; mjp $ba NfhzNtfk; Nff;fg;gl;Ls;sjhy; nghUs; Nky; Nehf;fp efUk;
epiyNa fUj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gLk;. nghUs; Nky; Nehf;fp tOf;f Muk;gpf;ifapy; cuha;T tpir
vjpuhf fPo;Nehf;fp njhopw;gLk;.
fpilj; jpirapy; ikaehl;l tpirf;F
mdω2 = Rcosθ + μRsinθ
R(cosθ + μsinθ)
ω=√
md
epif;Fj;Jj; jpirapy; rkepiyf;F
mg = Rsinθ - μRcosθ
mg
R=
(sinθ - μcosθ)
mjpFiwe;j $zNtfk; vd Nff;fg;gl;bUg;gpd; nghUshdJ fPo; Nehf;fp tOf;f Muk;gpf;Fk; epiy
MFk;. vdNt cuha;T tpir Nky; Nehf;fp nral;gLk;. cuha;T tpir ,y;iy vdpd; mjp$ba>
,opT vd fUj KbahJ.
tpil 3

MFSU / MSWS, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo -11-