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MIMO Exp3

This document presents a MATLAB script that simulates bit error rate (BER) performance for BPSK modulation over a 2x2 MIMO Rayleigh fading channel using zero forcing equalization. The script generates random transmitted bits, encodes them as BPSK symbols, sends them over a Rayleigh channel with additive white Gaussian noise, and performs zero forcing equalization and hard decision decoding at the receiver. It then calculates the simulated BER and plots it against theoretical BER curves for comparison.

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5 views3 pages

MIMO Exp3

This document presents a MATLAB script that simulates bit error rate (BER) performance for BPSK modulation over a 2x2 MIMO Rayleigh fading channel using zero forcing equalization. The script generates random transmitted bits, encodes them as BPSK symbols, sends them over a Rayleigh channel with additive white Gaussian noise, and performs zero forcing equalization and hard decision decoding at the receiver. It then calculates the simulated BER and plots it against theoretical BER curves for comparison.

Uploaded by

kjoshime23
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Lab-MIMO

KAPIL JOSHI
802361003

EXPERIMENT – 3
CODE –

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% All rights reserved by Krishna Pillai, http://www.dsplog.com
% The file may not be re-distributed without explicit authorization
% from Krishna Pillai.
% Checked for proper operation with Octave Version 3.0.0
% Author : Krishna Pillai
% Email : [email protected]
% Version : 1.0
% Date : 23rd October 2008
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% Script for computing the BER for BPSK modulation in a


% Rayleigh fading channel with 2 Tx, 2Rx MIMO channel
% Zero Forcing equalization

clear;
close all;
clear all;
N = 10^6; % number of bits or symbols
Eb_N0_dB = [0:25]; % multiple Eb/N0 values | energy per bit to
noise power spectral density ratio from 0 to 25 dB
nTx = 2; % no. of Tx antenna
nRx = 2; % no. of rx antenna
for ii = 1:length(Eb_N0_dB)

% Transmitter
ip = rand(1,N)>0.5; % generating 0,1 with equal probability
s = 2*ip-1; % BPSK modulation 0 -> -1; 1 -> 0

sMod = kron(s,ones(nRx,1)); %
sMod = reshape(sMod,[nRx,nTx,N/nTx]); % grouping in
[nRx,nTx,N/NTx ] matrix

h = 1/sqrt(2)*[randn(nRx,nTx,N/nTx) + j*randn(nRx,nTx,N/nTx)];
% Rayleigh channel
n = 1/sqrt(2)*[randn(nRx,N/nTx) + j*randn(nRx,N/nTx)]; % white
gaussian noise, 0dB variance

% Channel and noise Noise addition


y = squeeze(sum(h.*sMod,2)) + 10^(-Eb_N0_dB(ii)/20)*n;

% Receiver

% Forming the Zero Forcing equalization matrix W =


inv(H^H*H)*H^H
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% H^H*H is of dimension [nTx x nTx]. In this case [2 x 2]
% Inverse of a [2x2] matrix [a b; c d] = 1/(ad-bc)[d -b;-c a]
hCof = zeros(2,2,N/nTx) ;
hCof(1,1,:) = sum(h(:,2,:).*conj(h(:,2,:)),1); % d term
hCof(2,2,:) = sum(h(:,1,:).*conj(h(:,1,:)),1); % a term
hCof(2,1,:) = -sum(h(:,2,:).*conj(h(:,1,:)),1); % c term
hCof(1,2,:) = -sum(h(:,1,:).*conj(h(:,2,:)),1); % b term
hDen = ((hCof(1,1,:).*hCof(2,2,:)) -
(hCof(1,2,:).*hCof(2,1,:))); % ad-bc term
hDen =
reshape(kron(reshape(hDen,1,N/nTx),ones(2,2)),2,2,N/nTx); %
formatting for division
hInv = hCof./hDen; % inv(H^H*H)

hMod = reshape(conj(h),nRx,N); % H^H operation

yMod = kron(y,ones(1,2)); % formatting the received symbol for


equalization
yMod = sum(hMod.*yMod,1); % H^H * y collapsing to 1D array
yMod = kron(reshape(yMod,2,N/nTx),ones(1,2)); % formatting
reshaping 1D to 2D maatrix | kron replicates each column twice
horizontally
yHat = sum(reshape(hInv,2,N).*yMod,1); % inv(H^H*H)*H^H*y |
reshapes into 2xN matrix |sum collapses result into 1 D array |
stap in zF equalization

% receiver - hard decision decoding


ipHat = real(yHat)>0;

% counting the errors


nErr(ii) = size(find([ip- ipHat]),2);

end

simBer = nErr/N; % simulated ber


EbN0Lin = 10.^(Eb_N0_dB/10);
theoryBer_nRx1 = 0.5.*(1-1*(1+1./EbN0Lin).^(-0.5));
p = 1/2 - 1/2*(1+1./EbN0Lin).^(-1/2);
theoryBerMRC_nRx2 = p.^2.*(1+2*(1-p));

close all
figure
semilogy(Eb_N0_dB,theoryBer_nRx1,'bp-','LineWidth',2);
hold on
semilogy(Eb_N0_dB,theoryBerMRC_nRx2,'kd-','LineWidth',2);
semilogy(Eb_N0_dB,simBer,'mo-','LineWidth',2);
axis([0 25 10^-5 0.5])
grid on
legend('theory (nTx=1,nRx=1)', 'theory (nTx=1,nRx=2, MRC)', 'sim
(nTx=2, nRx=2, ZF)');
xlabel('Average Eb/No,dB');
ylabel('Bit Error Rate');
title('BER for BPSK modulation with 2x2 MIMO and ZF equalizer
(Rayleigh channel)');

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PLOT -

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