Work Sheet 3 of Thermodynamics

Addis Ababa Science and Technology University
College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
Thermodynamics (ChEg2104) Worksheet of Chapter Three
1) Considering the constant pressure expansion; the system contains 1 mole of gas A at 2 bars
within a volume of 10 L. The expansion process is initiated by releasing the bar. The gas in
the cylinder expands until the pressure of the gas matches the pressure of the surroundings.
The final volume is 15.2 L. Calculate work done by the system during this process.
2) A completely evacuated cylinder of 0.78 m3 volume is filled by opening its valve to
atmosphere and air rushing into it. Determine the work done by the air and by surroundings
on system. Homework
3) Find the work for a gas undergoing a polytropic process with n 1.
4) Find the work for a gas undergoing a polytropic process with n = 1 and for an isobaric
process (n = 0). Homework
5) A stationary mass of gas is compressed without friction from an initial state of 0.3 m 3 and
0.105 MPa to a final state of 0.15 m3 and 0.105 MPa, the pressure remaining constant during
the process. There is a transfer of 37.6 kJ of heat from the gas during the process. How much
does the internal energy of the gas change?
6) Figure below shows a system comprising of gas in cylinder at pressure of 689 kPa. Fluid
expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to 0.045 m3 while pressure remains constant. Paddle
wheel in the system does a work of 4.88 kJ on the system. Determine (a) work done by
system on the piston (b) the net amount of work done on or by the system. Assignment
7) An ideal gas undergoes a two-step process as given figure below. Beginning at state 1, it is
isothermally compressed to state 2. Then it is isobarically compressed to state 3. Find the
work.
1
8) When a system is taken state ‘a’ to state ‘b’, in figure below along path ‘acb’. 84 kJ of heat
flow into the system, and the system does 32 kJ of work. (a) How much will the heat that
flows into the system along path ‘abd’ be, if the work done is 10.5 kJ? (b) When the system
is returned from ‘b’ to ‘a’ along the curved path, the work done on the system is 21 kJ. Does
the system absorb or liberate heat, and how much of the heat is absorbed or liberated? (c) if
Ua = 0 and Ud = 42 kJ, find the heat absorbed in the processes ‘ad’ and ‘db’. Assignment
9) A system comprising of a gas of 5 kg mass undergoes expansion process from 1 MPa and 0.5
m3 to 0.5 MPa. Expansion process is governed by, P.v1.3 = constant. The internal energy of
gas is given by, u = 1.8 Pv + 85, kJ/kg. Here ‘u’ is specific internal energy, ‘P’ is pressure in
kPa, and ‘v’ is specific volume in m3/kg. Determine heat and work interaction and change in
internal energy.
10) A gas contained in a cylinder is compressed from 1 MPa and 0.05 m 3 to 2 MPa.
Compression is governed by PV1.4 = constant. Internal energy of gas is given by;
U = 7.5 (PV) – 425, kJ. Where P is pressure in kPa and V is volume in m3. (a) Determine
heat, work and change in internal energy assuming compression process to be quasistatic. (b)
Also find out work interaction, if the 180 kJ of heat is transferred to system between same
states and explain the differences with the first value. Assignment
11) A rigid and insulated tank of volume 100 l contains nitrogen at 300 K and 1 bar. An
electrical resistor placed inside the tank is connected to a battery and current flows through
the resistor till the gas raises to a temperature of 350 K. Assume that nitrogen is an ideal gas.
The molar heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) of nitrogen is 5/2R where R is universal gas
constant. Determine the work done by the battery and the final pressure of the gas in the
tank.
2
12) Determine the heat transfer and its direction for a system in which a perfect gas having
molecular weight of 16 is compressed from 101.3 kPa, 20°C to a pressure of 600 kPa
following the law pV1.3 = constant. Take specific heat at constant pressure of gas as
1.7 kJ/kg.K and universal gas constant 8.3143 * 103 J/kg.K. Assignment
13) Steam is leaving a 4 L pressure cooker whose operating pressure is 150 kPa. It is observed
that the amount of liquid in the cooker has decreased by 0.6 L in 40 min after the steady
operating conditions are established, and the cross-sectional area of the exit opening is
8 mm2. Determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam and the exit velocity, (b) the total and
flow energies of the steam per unit mass, and (c) the rate at which energy leaves the cooker
by steam.
14) Consider a control volume with three openings given in the Figure below. The system is in a
steady state, and water is the working fluid. A measurement at the openings shows
conditions at each to be: Assignment
a. Inlet with T1 = 200 , P1 = 7 bar, ˙m1 = 40 kg/s
b. Inlet with A2 = 25 cm2, T2 = 40 , P2 = 7 bar.
c. Exit with x3 = 0, P3 = 7 bar, (Av)3 = 0.06 m3/s.
Calculate m3 , m2 , and exit velocity  v2 

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