Chapter 25 Machining Centers
Chapter 25 Machining Centers
Chapter 25 Machining Centers
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Parts Made on Machining Centers
(a) (b)
Figure 25.1 Examples of parts that can be machined on machining centers using
various processes such as turning, facing, milling, drilling, boring, reaming, and
threading. Such parts ordinarily would require the use of a variety of machining tools
to complete. Source: Courtesy of Toyoda Machinery.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Horizontal-Spindle Machining Center
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
The Principle of a Five-Axis Machining Center
Figure 25.3 Schematic illustration of the principle of a five-axis machining center. Note that
in addition to the linear movements (three axis), the pallet, which supports the workpiece, can
be swiveled around two axe (hence a total of five axis), allowing the machining of complex
shapes, such as those shown in Fig. 25.1. Source: Courtesy of Toyoda Machinery.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Machining Centers
Figure 25.4 (a) Schematic illustration of the top view of a horizontal-spindle machining
center showing the pallet pool, set-up station for a pallet, pallet carrier, and an active
pallet in operation (shown directly below the spindle of the machine). (b) Schematic
illustration of two machining centers with a common pallet pool. Various other pallet
arrangements are possible in such systems. Source: Courtesy of Hitachi Seiki Co., Ltd.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Swing-Around Tool Changer on Horizontal-
Machining Center
Figure 25.5 Swing-around tool changer on a horizontal machining center. (a) The
tool-exchange arm is placing a toolholder with a cutting tool into the machine spindle.
Note the axial and rotational movement of the arm. (b) The arm is returning to its
home position. Note its rotation along a vertical axis after placing the tool and the two
degrees of freedom in its home position.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Touch Probes used in
Machining Centers
Figure 25.6 Touch probes used in machining centers for determining workpiece and tool
positions and surfaces relative to the machine table or column. Touch probe (a)
determining the X-Y (horizontal) position of a workpiece, (b) determining the height of a
horizontal surface, (c) determining the planar position of a surface of a cutter (for
instance, for cutter-diameter compensation), and (d) determining the length of a tool for
tool-length offset. Source: Courtesy of Hitachi Seiki Co., Ltd.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Vertical-Spindle Machining Center
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Assembly of Reconfigurable Machining Center
(a) (b)
Figure 25.12 (a) A hexapod machine tool, showing its major components.
(b) A detailed view of the cutting tool in a hexapod machining center.
Source: Courtesy of National Institute of Standards and Technology
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Chatter Marks on Surface of Turned Part
Figure 25.13 Chatter marks (right of center of photograph) on surface of a turned part.
Source: Courtesy of General Electric Company.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Relative Damping Capacity
Figure 25.14 The relative damping capacity of (a) gray cast iron
and (b) an epoxy-granite composite material. The vertical scale is
the amplitude of vibration and the horizontal scale is time.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Damping of Vibrations as a Function of the
Number of Lathe Components
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Machining Accuracy Improvements using Ultraprecision
Machining Technologies