Brief Narrative Manuel and Julian

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Brief Narrative

Manuel was born in 1925 in a small barangay in Manila. He was the third of four children. As a
baby, he displayed extreme behaviors. He would be silent for most of the day but when he started
crying, he could last for hours. He learned to walk at 14 months and by the time he was 3, his parents
sensed that he might have some developmental concerns. He exhibited delays in speech and seemed to
have difficulty with comprehension as well. Relatives thought he was deaf. But a visiting pediatrician
who saw Manuel at 10 years old said that he might have some form of mental retardation based on his
brief assessment and observations.
Manuel eventually did learn to talk but could not express himself beyond short sentences. His
understanding of the things around him was simplistic and he was assisted in most of his chores at
home. Manuel grew up not being able to go to school. He was ridiculed for most of his life because of
the way he would speak and behave. There was also rumors of his family being cursed by a nuno sa
punso, his mother being a victim of kulam, and of him being pinaglihi sa asong ulol because whenever
Manuel got frustrated, he would scratch his ears until they bled, and then he would cry loudly and howl
endlessly. At 18, his daily contribution at home was to gather soiled clothes, throw the trash and set the
table.
Julian, on the other hand, was born in 2004. Like Manuel, he manifested extreme behaviors as
an infant, and language delays as a toddler. At a year and a half, his pediatrician identified several red
flags. Julian was referred to a developmental specialist who suspected him to have intellectual disability
(what used to be known as mental retardation) and immediately advised him to go through
occupational therapy (OT). By 2 years old, he was receiving once a week OT sessions and early
intervention in a special education (SPED) school. He remained in the SPED school for 4 years following
an individualized program created specifically for his needs. He eventually learned to talk in short
sentences although he would tend to mispronounce words. Recommendations to undergo speech
therapy also followed.
At 6, he was recommended to enroll in a small school where the student-teacher ratio was only
at 5:1. All of his classmates were typically developing, and his teacher by the name John who was SPED-
trained always made sure he would be able to participate in class activities. Teacher Jan realized that
shortening some of the instructions and lessening some of the items in Julian’s paper helped him to
focus on his work more. Julian also started to gain confidence in himself and won friends. His vocabulary
eventually grew and both his receptive and expressive language skills improved.
Julian’s diagnosis of intellectual disability was confirmed at 11 years old. Despite him gaining
success during his preparatory and first two years in elementary, the reality of having an intellectual
disability eventually started to weigh him down. Julian was not able to go beyond Grade 3. But now at
18, he is enrolled in a transition class where his functional skills are being maximized. His current school
sees the possibility of him being employed in a small café given the abilities he was able to develop
throughout the years.

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